Oracle Backup and Recovery Interview Questions

----------------------------------------------------------------------1. how much time will it take a hotbackup if the batabase size is 60Gb
Answer: its all upto the Kind of Server and No of server Parameters configured,
and the type of backup device
----------------------------------------------------------------------2. What is mean live dead lock? How to prevent it.?
Answer: NA
----------------------------------------------------------------------3. what is the difference between recovery and restoring of the of the database
.
Answer1: The basic difference between recovery and restore is that in recovery t
he updated value from the database is removed while in resstore the value which
is errased from database is restore.
Answer2: Restoring a database is copying the physical files from a backup medium
(disk or tape) to the appropriate file locations for database operationRecovery
is process of updating database files restored from backup w/changes made to th
e database since backup, typically using redo log files.(Restored backup files +
changes = Recovery)
----------------------------------------------------------------------4. What are the different tools available for hot backups. Is it preferable to
take it manually all the time or it depends on the size of the database.
Answer1: There are following tools available for hot backup.,which have been us
ed by me.
Oracle Tools
[1] RMAN, [2] OEM [3] User Manageed such as making tablespace off line and copy
the associated datafiles.
Third Partry Tools
[1] Net Vault
[2] Tivoly
Answer2: See A hot backup can be done by either RMAN,User Managed Backups by put
ing tablespace in backup mode my OEM which does the same as the user managed bac
kup.But the Backup depends upon the size of the database you are using . if the
database size in TB the RMAN backup will take more than 10 hours to complete and
if the database is critical you can' wait for long to go for so long in this ca
se their are special backup techniques which are given by vendors like TIVOLI an
d Netbackup they provide BC Vol backup called Business content Volumn Sync which
copies a snapshot of the primary data to another place and backsup the database
from one SAN to another with in 15 min for 2 TB of database and is the preferab
le method for big companies.
Answer3:
one can TOAD tools.This make Oracle almost ACCESS.Actually it is every good tool
for development phase.
Answer4:
RMAN,OEM(Oracle Enterprise Manager),depends on size and database mode(Archivelog
or No-Archievelog)
----------------------------------------------------------------------5. what is the difference between media recovery & crash recovery..?
Answer:
Media recovery: is related to disc failure...
crash recovery:- Is related to instance recovery.which is automatically done by

SMON background process.

----------------------------------------------------------------------6. what do you mean by MEDIA RECOVERY..?
Answer:
When physical disk fail, physical database file corrupt then media recovery requ
ired
----------------------------------------------------------------------7. what is the disk migration?what isthe steps involved in diskmigration?
Answer:
Disk migration is noting but, migration of data from one OS dependent database t
o another Dependent database. The steps involved in this are
- first go to your target database and export all your data into flat files
-next in the destination database during the installation of the database, it as
ks for data source ,instead of giving the data of the oracle provided , give the
path of the flat file you exported previously .
----------------------------------------------------------------------8. What are the steps involved in Database Startup ?
Answer1:
Start an instance, Mount the Database and Open the Database.
Answer2:
Three steps are involved
1. Start an instance.
2. Mount the database.
3. Open the database
Answer3:
connect as sys dba and after that give command startup open if u dont want to d
o any maintenance for the database.otherwise give starup nomount and then alter
database mount and finally alter database open
Answer4:
1. Log in as oracle (or any user in group dba)
2. Set your ORACLE_SID to the instance you want to start. Verify that your ORACL
E_HOME is set to the correct database version
3. Start SQL*Plus and connect as sysdba
4. Start the database.
During database startup, you can specify the state it will open to. The default
is open(startup), but you can specify STARTUP NOMOUNT or STARTUP MOUNT depending
on which task to perform.
Answer5:
Steps are
NOMOUNT STAGE
* SGA is allocated
* background processes are started
* Alert log file is opened
Mount Stage
* controlfiles is read
* name & location of the daatfiles, logfiles are detected
Open Stage
* files are opened
----------------------------------------------------------------------9. What are the steps involved in Database Shutdown ?
Answer:
There are four types of shutdown
Shutdown Normal - Normal is the default mode, here new user can't logon to the d
atabase, but the current user can start the new transaction and work till he wan
ts, the database shutdown only after the last user logs off.
Shutdown Transactional - here new user can't logon to the database, and the curr

ent user can't start the new transaction, once the current transaction complets,
database shutdown.
Shutdown Immediate - here new user can't logon to the database, user can't start
the new transaction, the current transactions rolls back, and database shutdown
.
Shutdown Abort - here new user can't logon to the database, user can't start new
transaction, the current transaction is not rolled back, database shutdown's.
While shutting down oracle updates data file header and control file with the cu
rrent checkpoint informanation, Except Shutdown Abort the checkpoint is same in
datafile header and control file it means database is consistance and it is clea
n shutdown. If the checkpoint is not same at both locations then instance recove
ry required at next startup.
Answer2:
four commands depends on the priority
1) shutdown
2)shutdown immediate
3)shutdown transactional
4)shutdown abort
in shutdown abort recoverry is required
----------------------------------------------------------------------10. What is Restricted Mode of Instance Startup ?
Answer1:
To Enable Restricted Session
Alter system enable restricted session;
To Disable Restricted Session
Alter system disable restricted session;
To Start the Database in Restricted Mode
STARTUP RESTRICT
Answer2:
When the database is started in restricted session mode, only users(such as thos
e with roleDBA) with the system privilege RESTRICTED SESSION can connect to the
database. Use the restricted mode when performing maintenance or when you want c
ertain users to be able to log in.
Answer3:
An instance can be started in (or later altered to be in) restricted mode so
that when the database is open connections are limited only to those whose u
ser accounts have been granted the RESTRICTED SESSION system privilege.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------