LEATHER PROCESSING FACTORY

(TANNERY)

FLESHING

The excess flesh and fatty tissue under the hide is removed by fleshing machine before the hides are loaded into drums.

SOAKING
The hides are wasshed to remove dirt and blood from the surface. Detergents are added.

HAIR REMOVAL
Water, lime and sulfide are added to the hides. The hair is attacked by the
chemicals and breaks off at the surface.

LIMING
More water, lime and sulfide are added. Unwanted proteins are removed
from the hide during this time

DELIMING
Deliming removes the lime and alkaline cheemicals present in the limed
hide. Carbon dioxide and ammonium salts are added. The hide de-swells as
the alkalinity is reduced and water is released.

DYEING
The dyestuff is added to colour the leather.

FATLIQUORING
An oil is added that coats the fibres in the hide structure so that the leather
will remain flexible after dyring.
The fatiliqour also gives the leather a soft feel.

DRYING
The hide is dried to reduce moisture, two methods. in vacuum dryer, and air drieed.
Alternatively, can be toggle dried, The final moisture content is 15-20%.

STACKING
Staking is a mechanical treatment to make the leather soft and supple after
it has dried out.

BUFFING
For damaged, hide or uneven grain surface, buffing mechanical sanding. This
smoothes more even and consistent finish coat to be applied. These leathers
are known as corrected grain.

FINISHING
Protects the grain surface of the leather from moisture, dirt and abrasion. The
specific steps in the finishing process are dependent on the requirments of
2.1.ofGeneral
the final product and vary for different leathers as the surfaceFigure
properties
the leathers are modified,

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT
NO

SPACE

AREA(M2)

FLOOR FINISH

345
200
215
720

Ceramic
Cement Screed
Cement Screed
Cement Screed

76
72
1190

Cement Screed
Cement Screed
Cement Screed
Cement Screed

NOTE

GROUND FLOOR
Factory Space
1
Raw H&S Skins, Store and Drying Area
2
Sample Testing Area
3
Hair Removal & Fleshing Area
4
Socking, Liming, Deliming & Tannery
Area
5
Drying
6
Retaining
7
Electric Room
8
Drying 3, Hot Metal, Vacuum Dry and
Toggle Area
9
Boiler Room & Store
10
Finishing and Embossing Room
11
Females Dressing Room and Shower
12
Females Toilet
13
Males Dressing and Shower
14
Males Toilet
Shower Room and Store
Office
15
Staff Room
16
Staff Check Point
Cafteria
17
Cafe Area
18
Cafe Toilet
19
Kitchen
20
Pantry
21
Store

200
195
77
22
77
22

Ceramic
Cement Screed
Ceramic
Ceramic
Ceramic
Ceramic
Plastic Tile

235
25

Plastic Tile
Plastic Tile

370
48
42
35
16

Plastic Tile
Ceramic
Ceramic
Ceramic
Cement Screed

275
15
18
26
25
23

Plastiic Tile
Plastic Tile
Plastic Tile
Plastic Tile
Plastic Tile
Ceramic Tile

MEZANINE FLOOR
Office Area
22
Super Vision Area
23
Office 1
24
Office 2
25
Meeting Room
26
Office 3
27
Staff Toilet

tanning process flow chart (Gupta, 2003)

NAME: OLIYAD MITIKU

ID NO: 03035491