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Vatsvog
[45]
[54]
3,185,094
CARTRIDGE
3,369,443
2/1968
Shansey
3,749,020
7/1973
[76] Inventor:
Nov. 9, 1993
. . . . . . ..
86/10
[22] Filed:
Date of Patent:
5,259,288
[57]
ABSTRACT
[60]
36/10, 23, 25
.
[56}
References Cned
2,862,446 12/1958
3,099,958
US. Patent
Nov. 9, 1993
Sheet 1 of 5
42
1.4:;
.60 H
as
6"
F'IC5.3
5,259,288
US. Patent
Nov. 9, 1993
Sheet 2 of 5
FIG.4
5,259,288
US. Patent
I4
Nov. 9, 1993
W79
Sheet 3 of 5
5,259,288
US. Patent
Nov. 9, 1993
Fl 6. 7
Sheet 4 of 5
5,259,288
,75
US. Patent
Nov. 9, 1993
Sheet 5 of 5
5,259,288
5,259,288
Ser.
No.
No.
No.
5,033,386.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to improvements in the ammu
nition art, and speci?cally to improvements in the am
INVENTOR
m
2,654,319
Roske
2.826,446
Ringdal
3,026,802
Bamet et al.
3,099,958
Daubenspeck. et al.
3.745.924
Scanlon
3.842.739
(unknown)
3.874.294
3,977.326
I-Iale
Anderson
4,147.107
Ringdal
UNITED KINGDOM
1.015.516
Daubenspeck et a1.
(332,044,416 Application
Hebert
Vatsvog
companions.
5,259,288
?ring cycle.
These and other objects of this invention are obtained
by providing a tubular plastic casing made of a durable
but elastic plastic material such as nylon which has the
is minimized, so long as the round is relatively inexpen 20 skirt is swaged to form the interconnection between the
plastic casing and the head. The casing is formed by
sive to manufacture and load, and so long as the other
injection molding a relatively simple shape which may
desirable factors of the cartridge, such as corrosion
have draft angles built in to permit easy removal of the
resistance, weight, moisture resistance and the like pro
part from the male mold part. In the process of molding
vide a cartridge as dependable as brass.
Brass cartridges rely upon the crimp or frictional 25 a partition or pressure control septum is molded in at
the bullet-receiving end of the casing to de?ne a bullet
engagement with the bullet to control the buildup of
receiving recess and a powder receiving recess. A metal
pressure before bullet ejection. A more consistent and
head is formed to slip on the end of the casing opposite
reliable control would provide more nearly consistent
the bullet receiving recess and inter?t with or be
ballistics performance and is one of the attributes of this
30 swaged into faired contact with the periphery of the
invention.
casing in a sealed joint. Alternately, the 'head may be
In all of the patents mentioned above the cartridge is
formed or swaged prior to assembly and the elastomer
formed of a composite plastic or metal and plastic cas
casing forced into the head, the elastomer material
ings which rely on multiple parts to provide the sealing
being yieldable but possessing plastic memory suf?cient
around the end caps or head, and require a crimp about
the bullet to hold the bullet in place. The cost of pro 35 to urge it toward its original shape and into ?rm contact
with the interior surface of the head. Advantageously,
ducing and assembling a multiple piece casing is high
the head may be provided with interior ridges or reces
and heretofore the composite casings have not accom
ses which mate with corresponding ridges and recesses
plished the dual functions of sealing the head to the
formed on the periphery of the plastic case. An interior
plastic casing and the plastic casing to the bullet in a
manner which permits the resulting cartridge to be used 40 expansion sleeve may also be provided to distribute the
pressure of the powder ignition evenly around the en
in fully automatic ri?e ?ring applications. In large diam
tire area of the plastic metal interface while ?rmly cap
eter rounds, the prior art devices have not provided for
turing the plastic between the head and the expansion
a con?guration of the cartridge which will adequately
sleeve. The head has a primer recess into which a
withstand the forces upon the cartridge to prevent its
primer may be inserted coaxially with the head and
damage during the ?ring cycle, frequently resulting in
casing. A primer ?ash hole or central vent extends
portions of the cartridge becoming separated form the
coaxially into the powder chamber to ignite the powder
rest of the cartridge during the ?ring cycle and becom
upon detonation of the primer. The powder chamber is
ing lodged in the chamber of the gun, thence causing a
50
der.
5,259,288
mer used.
Step.
FIG. 8 is a cross sectional view of the device shown
in FIG. 7 with an adhesive material applied to the inte
casing.
65
5,259,288
the case 112. The fracture zone 148 controls the loca
5,259,288
10
EXAMPLE 3
msm.
EXAMPLE 4
Ten cartridges constructed as shown in FIGS. 1, 2
and 4 was constructed using a head 14 made of lOlO
steel alloy. A CCI small ri?e magnum primer was
EXAMPLE 5
Several rounds identical to those described in Exam
EXAMPLE 1
A cartridge of the type shown in FIG. 4 for use with
the 5.56 ml. NATO (.223 caliber) high velocity ri?e was
prepared as follows: A 55 grain boat tail full metal
EXAMPLE 7
A round identical to the round described in Example
6 was prepared but with a front pressure regulating
EXAMPLE 8
A round identical to the round described in Example
with a pressure regulating front partition 44 having a 65 sions shown were as follows:
a=0.376 inches
frangible annulus with a thickness of 0.010 inches. A
b=0.355 inches
chamber pressure of 30,000 psi was observed upon ?r
c=0.398 inches
mg.
5,259,288
11
d=0.375 inches
'e=0.334 inches
Bevel 66 was formed at about 30 degrees from the
axis of the head 114. The ejection grove 126 was then
cut into head 114 and the skirt 120 swaged inwardly so
that the outer surface of the head 114 was cylindrical
1.2
-continued
PLASTIC CASE WITH PRESSURE
REGULATING PARTITION
VELOCITY
PRESSURE
ROUND NO.
fps
psi
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
2940.3
2933.8
2967.3
2911.6
2912.0
2970.0
2896.0
2974.4
62,500
59,600
61,900
60,300
58,800
61,900
58,4(X)
61,311)
Average
2933.0
60,100
Std. Dev.
40.3
3,368
6.
?rmly seating the cap fully upon casing 112. Since the
diameter b of the upper end of casing 112 exceeds the
inside diameter e of head 114, the casing end was 20
grain spire point boat tail full metal jacket bullet was
then inserted into the bullet recess and the cartridge
?red in the universal receiver having a 20 inch .223
FACTORY LOADS
PRESSURE
ROUND NO.
VELOCITY
psi
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3159.0
3194.8
3160.5
3171.5
3153.5
3162.5
3136.2
3187.2
3190.3
3200.5
49,900
48,000
47,600
45,900
45,400
45,900
45,000
47,600
47,100
47,100
Average
3171.6
47,000
Std, Dev.
19.78
1,382
EXAMPLE 10
VELOCITY
PRESSURE
ROUND NO.
fps
psi
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
2812. l
2907.8
2914.1
2896.4
2923.1
2953.7
2946.8
2908.2
2960.7
2954.2
2857.9
2966.9
29424
2947.2
2998.5
2988.6
29420
51, 800
58,400
58, 800
57,200
55,600
58,000
61,300
58,000
64,100
64,400
54,000
64,100
59,600
61,600
66,900
64,100
60,600
13
5,259,288
14
apart relationship with said partition so that an
open space is present at the base of said whereby
surface thereon;
forming a cartridge head having a coaxial primer
recess and a coaxial casing receiving recess, said
tridge; and,
assembling said casing and said head.
9. The method of claim 8 further including the steps
Of:
semicylindrical surface.
20
chamber pressure.
35
45
50
55
65