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Electrical Engineering
Electronic & Communication Engineering
Danang University of Technology
Grading policies:
HW (20%) + Lab (30%) + Midterm (20%) + Final exam (30%)
Textbooks:
James W. Nilsson and Susan A. Ridel, Electric Circuits, 8th
edition, Prentice-Hall, 2008.
References:
Lessons in Electric Circuits (a free series of textbooks,
http://www.faqs.org/docs/electric/ )
EE 215, Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering, EE Dept., UW
Acknowledgement: Materials of EE Dept., UW is re-used here
Objectives
At the end of the course, you will be able to :
Identify linear systems and represent those systems in schematic form
Explain precisely what the fundamental circuit variables mean and why
the fundamental laws governing them are true.
Apply Kirchhoff's current and voltage laws, Ohm's law, and the terminal
relations describing inductive and capacitive energy-storage elements to
circuit problems.
Simplify circuits using series and parallel equivalents and using
Thevenin and Norton equivalents
Perform node and loop analyses and set these up in standard matrix
format
Explain the physical underpinnings of capacitance and inductance.
Identify and model first and second order electric systems involving
capacitors and inductors
Predict the transient behavior of first and second order circuits
How To Cooperate ?
Instructors:
Office hours: 1 hour right after each class, at ECE
office
Teaching assistants:
TA hours: 2 hours per HW
Lab assistants
Support you during Lab hours: 1 Lab per week
Collaboration policy
HWs are assigned to each individual student
Labs are assigned to each group of 4 students
Allow to discuss solving methods, compare results
Copy answers from anything you has not generated:
CHEATING
Lecture 1
Circuit Variables
(chapter 1)
Preview
Know some applications of electrical engineering
Know and be able to use the definitions of voltage and
current
Know and be able to use the definitions of power and
energy
Be able to use the passive sign convention to calculate
the power for an ideal basic circuit
Overview of EE
Electrical engineering deals with systems that generate,
transmit and measure electric signals.
Signals: functions of one or many independent variables.
Electrical signals: Voltage signals & Current signals
Electrical engineering
combines the physicists models of natural phenomena with
the mathematicians tools
manipulate these models
produce systems that meet practical needs
Electrical systems: communication, computer, control, power
and signal processing systems
Communication Systems
Communication Systems
Computer Systems
Process information:
-
Mechanical motion
electric circuit
sensor
electrical signals
Control Systems
Regulate processes:
-
Control of temperature
Control of pressure
Elevators
Power Systems
Generate and distribute electric power
Generate electric power by:
-
Nuclear generators
Hydroelectric generators
Grid of conductors
Example: South-North 500kV power system
APPLICATIONS
Spectrum analysis
Feature extraction
Signal detection
Signal estimation
Signal verification
Signal recognition
Signal modeling
Analysis
Measures
APPLICATIONS
Noise removal
Interference separation
Signal compression
Analog/Digital
Signal coding
Signal synthesis
Filter
Spectrum shaping
Processed
Interactive Systems
Interaction takes place among the engineering
disciplines involved in designing & operating them
Communication engineers use computer to control sys
Computers contain control systems
Control systems contain computers
Power systems require extensive communication sys
A signal-processing system may involve
communication links, computers & control systems
Examples: Commercial airplanes, robots
Electric Circuits
An electric circuit is a mathematical model that
approximates the behavior of an actual electrical
system
Example: car battery
Circuit Analysis
Concepts:
A commonly used mathematical model for electrical systems
is a circuit model
General representation:
v
2
Electricity system:
Current
In most circuits what moves are electrons, which have a
negative charge. The movement of negative charge in
one direction corresponds to the flow of positive current
in the opposite direction.
(The reason for this is that Ben Franklin had to pick a
direction for current flow. He had no idea what actually
moved. He guessed wrong.)
The rate of charge flow is the electric current
dq
i=
dt
1C
1A =
1s
Voltage
The energy per unit charge created by the separation
between positive and negative charges
dw
v=
dq
Voltage
Another definition of voltage, which is consistent with
calling it electrical pressure, is that voltage is the amount
of work (which is energy, of course) needed to move one
unit of charge from the negative to the positive terminal.
dw
v=
dq
t<0
0,
i=
5000 t
20
e
(A), t 0
1 t 1 at
q = 2 + 2 e ( C)
a a a
Ass. Pro.1.4
Power Calculation
Power is the time rate of expending or absorbing energy
A lot of the general public get power and energy mixed
up. Power, p, is the change in energy with time.
dw
p=
dt
dw dw dq
p=
=
= v.i
dt dq dt
Note: Power may be delivered to the pair of terminals or
extracted from it
1
v
t<0
0,
i=
5000 t
20
e
( A), t 0
t<0
0,
v = 5000t
(kV ), t 0
10e
Problem 1.27
a. Is the interconnected circuit
passed the power check?
b. Find the error and propose
your solution.
Problem 1.27
Here, the passive sign convention tells us to use a + sign in any expression
involving voltage and current. You can see that the current arrow points to the
+ sign. Consider the next example:
Now we can see that the current arrow points at the + sign so we
should use the + sign in any expression involving voltage and current.