AIM--study of effect of metal coupling on rustng of iron

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INDEX --1. CERTIFICATE 2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 3. OBJECTIVE 4. INTRODUCTION 5. MATERI
AL AND EQUIPMENTS 6. PROCEDURE 7. CONCLUSION 8. BIBLIOGRAOHY

CERTIFICATE --This is to certify that the project titled study of effect of metal coupling on r
usting of iron was completed under my guidance and supervision by Ankit Choudhary
a student of class xii-sci kendriya vidyalaya no. 4 , within the stipulated tim
e as prescribed by cbse __________ Mrs. P. DIXIT ______ Mrs. R. MAHAVAR

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I gratefully acknowledge my sincere thanks to our chemistry teacher MRS. R. MAHA
VAR for her remarkable,aluable guidance throughout this project work ANKIT CHOUD
HARY XII-B

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OBJECTIVE
The goal of this project is to investigate the effect of metal coupling on rusti
ng of iron. We will have to study the change in rusting of iron when an iron nai
l is when an iron nail is coupled with metals more electronegative than iron and
metals which are less electropositive than iron.

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INTRODUCTION
Metals and alloy undergoes rusting and corrosion. The process by which some meal
s when exposed to atmospheric conditions i.e, moist air,carbon dioxide, on the s
urface is known as coorosion. The compounds formed are usually Oxides. Rusting i
s also a type of coorosion but the term is restricted to iron or products made f
rom it. Iron is easily prone to rusting making its surface rough. Chemically, ru
st is a hydrated ferric oxide Fe2O3.nH2O. Rusting may be explained by an electro
chemical mechanism. In the presence of moist air containing dissolved oxygen or
carbon dioxide, the commercial iron behaves as if composed of small electrical c
ells.At anode of cell, iron passes in to solution as ferrous ions.

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The electrons from the above reaction move towards the cathode and form hydroxyl
ions Under the influence of dissolved oxygen the ferrous ions and hydroxyl ions
interact from rust,i.e., hydrated ferric oxide.
2Fe2+ +H2O +(O) 2Fe3+ + 6OH2Fe3+ + 2OHFe2O3.3H2O (rust) or 2Fe(OH)3 H2O + (O) +
2e2OH(-)
Fe
Fe(2+) +2eIf supply of oxygen is limited the corrosion product may be black anhydrous magn
etite, Fe3O4.

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Methods of preventing corrosion
Some of the methods used to prevent corrosion are discussed here : 1.Barrier Pro
tection. In this method, a barrier film is introduced between iron surface and a
tmospheric air.The film is obtained by painting , varnishing etc. 2.Galvanizatio
n. The metallic iron isn covered by a layer of more active metal such as zinc.Th
e active metal loses electrons in preference to iron Zn
Zn2+ + 2eThus, protectin
g iron from rusting and corrosion.

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Materials and Equipments
Twopetridishes
Four test-tubes
Four iron nails
Beaker Sand paper
and Magnesium strips Potassium ferricyanide solution
Phenolphthalein

Wire gauge

Gel

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Experimental Procedure
Clean the surface of iron nails with the help of sand paper. Wash them with carbon
tetrachloride and dry on filter paper.
Wind a clean zinc strip around one nail, a
clean copper wire around the second and clean magnesium strip around the third
nail.Put all these three and the fourth nail in Petri dishes so that they are no
t in contact with each other.
Preperation of Agar-Agar solution. Heat about thre
e gram of agar agar in 100 ml of water taken in a beaker until solution becomes
clear.At about 1 ml of 0.1 M potassium ferri-cyanide solution, 1 ml of phenol-ph
thalein solution and stir well the contents. Fill the petridishes with hot agar
agar solution in such a way that only lower half of the nails are covered with t
he liquids.

Observation -S.no Meatl pair Nail rusts or not

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1. 2. 3. 4.
Iron-Aluminium Iron-Zinc Iron-Cooper
Does not rusts Does not rusts Nail rusts
Iron-Magnessium Does not rusts
Result and Inference The

experiment performed on coupling has shown that rusts can be avoided by coupling
of iron with more electropositive metal. In this experiment zinc was more elect
ropositive, so it is oxidised leaving iron nail safe. In this way equipments of
sevral crores RS ( ). can be saved from rusting

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BIBLIOGRAPHY
COMPREHENSIVE (PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY-XII) WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM WWW.ENCYCLOPAEDIA.COM
WWW.ICBSE.COM NCERT CHEMISTRY TEXTBOOKS - XII