Your skeleton also helps protect your internal organs and fragile body

tissues. The brain, eyes, heart, lungs and spinal cord are all protected
by your skeleton. Your cranium(skull) protects your brain and eyes,
the ribs protect your heart and lungs and your vertebrae(spine,
backbones) protect your spinal cord.

What Are the Joints and What Do They Do?

Joints allow our bodies to move in many ways. Some joints open and close like a hinge (such
as knees and elbows), whereas others allow for more complicated movement a shoulder or
hip joint, for example, allows for backward, forward, sideways, and rotating movement.

Hinge joints allow movement in one direction, as seen in the

knees and elbows.
Pivot joints allow a rotating or twisting motion, like that of the
head moving from side to side.
Ball-and-socket joints allow the greatest freedom of
movement. The hips and shoulders have this type of joint, in
which the round end of a long bone fits into the hollow of
another bone.

INJURIES AND DISEASES THAT CAN HARM THE SKELETAL SYSTE

WHAT ARE THE INJURIES

AND

DISEASES THAT CAN HARM OUR

SKELETAL SYSTEM?

Two diseases that can harm the skeletal system

include osteoporosis and arthritis. Osteoporosis
is essentially a reduction in bone density as a
result of low calcium levels, and arthritis is
caused by bone loss and inflammation that
produces swelling and friction at the joints. As
far as injuries go, the possibilities are nearly
endless. Any fractured bone is a skeletal injury.
For example, fractured radius, fracture femur,
fractured tibia.

The acute treatment for muscle, bone or joint injury can follow the simple acronym
"RICE".
Rest - Rest is very important for soft tissue injuries, both in the short term
and for longer term care.
Immobilize - Sprains, strains and dislocations can be slinged; fractures should
be splinted and slinged.
Cold - Ice should be applied periodically, for around 10-20 minutes at a time.
After the 10-20 minutes, you need at least a 20 minute off period before you
ice again. Any person sensitive to cold should have a layer of clothing between
the skin and the ice.
Elevation - Where appropriate, the injury should be elevated above the heart,
as this may help reduce the localized swelling which occurs. Do not elevate if
this causes more pain to the victim.
If the injury is bad enough, the victim should be referred to a physician.

Preventing these common digestive disorders

from happening can help save you from a lot of
pain and a lot of grief. When you are looking to
prevent the recurrence of these problems or avoid
them from ever starting, here are some tips
for preventing digestive disorders:
To prevent constipation, one of the things you
should do is increase your intake of water and
adapt a diet that has a lot of high fiber.
Constipation can be avoided by also adding
exercise into your daily routine.

Maintaining a healthy
digestive system Diarrhea can be prevented if you are careful
key points
about what you eat and the way you prepare

your food.
Eat a healthy diet
Eat moderately, slowly and regularly

Exercise regularly

Reduce/manage stress levels

Quit smoking

Embryo:
Immature
plant inside
the seed

Seed Coat: protects all of

these structures from
predation, injury, and
moisture loss.

Endosperm food
supply containing three
sets of chromosomes
(two from the mother
and one from the
father).