Atherosclerosis, the most prevalent form of arterial disease in humans, is first

manifested by an innocuous fatty streaking of the intima and is characterized by:

Formation of essential lesions in the intima
Disintegration of the internal elastic lamina in advanced lesions
Relatively numerous lesions in larger arteries and fewer in smaller arteries
Plaue formations that cause little reduction in the luminal size of large
arteries
All above statements are correct
Pathogenetically, a hyperactue transplant re!ection most resembles"""
cytolytic immune response
Arthus immune response
simple, thermally#mediated acute inflammation
anaphylactic immune response
cellular immune response
$he %ruton &#linked type of hypogammaglobulinemia is characterized by each of
the following '&('P$""""
marked decrease in all immunoglobulin classes
absence of plasma cells
inability to develop immunity to most common viral agents
normal numbers of circulating lymphocytes
clinical symptoms )infections* manifest in first year of life
An ++#year#old boy is diagnosed with a malignant lymphoma involving cervical
lymph nodes" An uncle and a brother have been similarly affected" ,hich of the
following risk factors is he most likely to have-
'.posure to nickel compounds
,iskott#Aldrich syndrome
(hronic tonsillitis
/ycobacterium tuberculosis infection
0on 1ierke2s disease
As a cause of infarction, the ma!or segment of the coronary vasculature most
freuently occluded is"""
left main coronary artery
left anterior descending branch
left circumfle. branch
right coronary artery
right circumfle. branch
A 34#year#old woman died 4 weeks following an acute anteroseptal myocardial
infarct" At necropsy the infarcted area will"""
show coagulation necrosis of myocardial fibers and an acute inflammatory
cell infiltrate
consist primarily of a slightly depressed zone of dark gray#red granulation
tissue in which there are many pigmented macrophages"
be composed of a dense collagenous scar"
bulge from the cut surfaces as a soft, mottled, red and yellow area"
A patient presents with gradually progressive weakness of the legs and pain on
mild e.ertion" 5is legs are slightly pale, and the skin is thin and shiny" 5e is
probably suffering from :
Atherosclerosis
0enous thombosis
Arterial emboli
6eft heart failure
1angrene
7n the following statements, which of the combinations is 78APPR9PR7A$'-
Raised $":"5", 6ow $; < =, 5ashimoto>s thyroiditis"
Decreased $":"5", 6ow $; < =, 5ashimoto>s thyroiditis"
6ow $":"5", raised $; < =, 1raves disease"
5ashimoto>s disease, antibodies to $:5 thyroid microsomal fractions"
Addisons disease, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, 8elson>s syndrome
A hemolytic transfusion reaction is classified as"""
atopic#anaphylactic
antibody#mediated cytoto.ic
immune comple.
cell#mediated
,hich of the following immunoglobulins is able to cross the placenta-
7g/
7gD
7g1
7gA
7g'
,hich of the following is the most valid e.planation of why host defenses are
unable to cope successfully with the 570 agent in A7D:-
570 establishes a reservoir in the brain
570 infection decreases 56A class 77 antigen e.pression
570 infection disables %#cell immunity by rendering $#helper cells
ineffective
570 is a retrovirus and produces no characteristic antigens
macrophages and other antigen#presenting cells are disabled by 570
$en days following an abdominal operation a ??#year#old man is found to have a
,%( of +@,AAA < :19$ of +4A units and an abnormal electrocardiogram" $he
myocardium is likely to e.hibit"""
inflammation
necrosis
both
neither
Arteriosclerosis is most likely to impair the function of the"""
heart
kidney
liver
spleen
lung
$he characterisitc lesion of atherosclerosis is the:
7ntimal fatty streak
Atheromatous plaue
Fibrofatty medial lesion
7ntimal cell mass
0asa vasorum obliterative endarteritis
/ost important as a guide for the clinical and therapeutic management of the
A7D: patient isBare the """
degree of encephalopathy being manifested
number of (D=C lymphocytes per microliter of blood
number of different infectious agents involved
results of skin test with candida e.tract
severity of lymphadenopathy
A few minutes after receiving an in!ection of penicillin, a patient complains of
itching and then headache" $he patient appears flushed and short of breath and
shortly thereafter collapses" $his event most likely involves"""
classic pathway activation of complement
release of lysosomal enzymes from neutrophils
deposition of immune comple.es in vessel walls
degranulation of mast cells
blastic transformation of $ lymphocytes