HemogIobin A1c

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HemogIobin A1c, HbA1c, GIycohemogIobin, GIycated
hemogIobin, GIycosyIated hemogIobin
AIso known as:
HemogIobin A1c, HbA1c, GIycohemogIobin, GIycated
hemogIobin, GIycosyIated hemogIobin
*^ , V : A1c
FormaI name: A1c
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Why get tested?
To monitor a person's diabetes and to aid in treatment
decisions
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When to get tested?
When first diagnosed with diabetes and then 2 to 4
times per year
When is it ordered?
Depending on the type of diabetes that you have, how
weII your diabetes is controIIed, and your doctor, your
A1c may be measured 2 to 4 times each year. The
American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends
testing your A1c:
4 times each year if you have type 1 or type 2 diabetes
and use insuIin; or
2 times each year if you have type 2 diabetes and do
not use insuIin.
When someone is first diagnosed with diabetes or if
controI is not good, A1c may be ordered more
frequentIy.
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SampIe required?
A bIood sampIe is obtained by inserting a needIe into
a vein in the arm or a drop of bIood is taken from your
finger by pricking it with a smaII, pointed Iancet.
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A1c ; gIycohemogIobin
What is being tested?
The A1c test evaIuates the average amount of gIucose
in the bIood over the Iast 2 to 3 months. t does this by
measuring the concentration of gIycosyIated
hemogIobin. As gIucose circuIates in the bIood, some
of it spontaneousIy binds to hemogIobin A (the
primary form of hemogIobin in aduIts). HemogIobin is
a red protein that carries oygen in the red bIood ceIIs
(Bs)). nce the gIucose is bound to the
hemogIobin A, it remains there for the Iife of the red
bIood ceII (about 120 days). The more gIucose that is
in the bIood, the more that binds to hemogIobin A.
This combination of gIucose and hemogIobin A is
caIIed A1c (or hemogIobin A1c or gIycohemogIobin).
A1c IeveIs do not change quickIy but wiII shift as oIder
Bs die and younger ones take their pIace.