0

M.A.M. Cktauhk
CenLer for Lnergy Converslon & Conservauon 1echnology
Agency for Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT),
Indonesia
luel Cell, Lnergy Pydrogen and nuclear Lnergy : lndoneslan - lrance !olnL Semlnar,
14-16 CcLober, 2014, !akarLa , lndonesla

1. 8ackground:
CurrenL SLaLus, Lnergy lndlcaLors & lannlng
2. Clean Lnergy 8&u and Lnergy CuLlook
3. SmarL Mlcro Crld for
8enewable Lnergy lnLegrauon
4. ulscusslons & 8ecommendauons
1
2 2
3
4
Interconnected Systems
Two of main islands have own interconnected systems
The rests are: (about 500 clusters)
Clusters of service areas with main grids, including remote off-grid distributed
systems (Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Papua)
Small islands: clusters of grids mainly of diesel systems, off-grid distributed
systems
3
7
84 83.8 87.6 89.4 91.2 93
47
31.4
34.8
38.2
61.6 64
62
63.4
68.8
72.2
73.6
84
21
26.6
32.2
37.8
43.4
49
0
30
100
130
200
230
300
330
2013 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Cll Cas Coal n8L
ENERGY MIX
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Oil 39% 37% 36% 35% 34% 32%
Gas 22% 22% 23% 23% 23% 22%
Coal 29% 29% 28% 28% 28% 29%
NRE 10% 12% 13% 15% 16% 17%
TOTAL 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
ENERGY MIX PROJECTION NEP
NRE MIX
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Geothermal 43% 46% 48% 50% 51% 52%
Biofuel
29% 26% 24% 22% 21% 20%
MSW
19% 18% 17% 17% 16% 16%
Hydro
10% 10% 11% 11% 11% 11%
Ocean
0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Solar
0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Other RE (Wind)
0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
New Energy 0% 4% 7% 9% 10% 11%
TOTAL
100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
NRE MIX PROJECTION NEP
9
11.8
14.6
17.4
20.2
23 6
6.6
7.2
7.8
8.4
9
4
4.6
3.2
3.8
6.4
7
2
2.6
3.2
3.8
4.4
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
3
4
3
0
10
20
30
40
30
60
2013 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
CeoLhermal 8lofuel MSW Pydro
Ccean Solar CLher (Wlnd) new Lnergy
8 8
1978: 81 esLabllshed, engaged ln varlous 8&u acuvlues ln n8L & LL
Lechnologles and appllcauons, e.g.
Solar energy (v and 1hermal), 8loenergy, CeoLhermal, Clean Coal 1echnology:
Coal upgradlng, Coal llquefacuon, eLc., Mlcrohydro, Wlnd, C1LC, luel Cell, SmarL
Crld eLc.,
Lnergy Lmclency ln Commerclal 8ulldlng and lndusLrles, malnly ln Lhe lnLenslve
energy lndusLry, energy audlung, wasLe heaL recovery, cogenerauon, eLc.
MosL Lechnologles remaln ln Lhelr pre-commerclallzauon sLage.
1helr lmplemenLauon could noL Lake-o due Lo, generally, Lhe non Lechnology barrlers, such
as condluons ln Lhe downsLream and non lnLegrauon of upsLream and process of Lnergy
chaln developmenL.
Many acuvlues under 8&u collaborauons wlLh nauonal or lnLernauonal
lnsuLuuons or agencles.
CurrenL acuvlues prlorlLy ln Lhe eld of 8enewable Lnergy sources:
CeoLhermal, Solar v, 8lofuel/8lomass, and also SmarL Crld (Mlcro 1ransmlsslon/
ulsLrlbuuon sysLem)
CLhers (smaller budgeL): Wlnd and Ccean, Solar 1hermal.
9
11
1979:
lloL lanL
8lo-LLhanol
& energy
lanLauon
1990: 2006 - 2010: 2013 - 2014 1993 - 2003
- v Appllcauons
& lloungs(Pouslng, 8ural,
umplng, eLc)
- Solar Thermal
Timber Drying
Wlnd Lnergy
1echnology
(Low veloclLy)
8lomass/8logas
ower
Cenerauon
8lofuels for
1ransporLauon
Small CeoLhermal
ower lanL
roLoLyplng
1983:
- !"#$% '(##$)*
+%",*-.
Renewable Energy
IndonesiaProject, incl.
Efficiency Energy: EnergyAudit, ISPH,
Energy Management + MARKAL Long-
term Energy Planning Model
- Solar 1hermal ump
v 1esung
laclllLy/Lab.
8lomass
Caslcauon
8lodlesel
lanL uev.
v Pybrld
lloung
MlcroLurblne
Cogenerauon
Solar Agro
urylng
CeoLhermal
lloL planL
C1LC
Sea CurrenL roLoLyplng
v lndusLry
leaslblllLy
AssessmenL
kS Arc lurnace
Ann ConLroller
- Process
Integration
in Industry
Study
Mlcrohydro
lloung
Fuel Cell +
Biohydrogen
Prod.
Lnergl 8us: Lab
Moblle AudlL Lnergl
LmclenL
1ransporLauon
ManagemenL
SmarL Crld,
SmarL 8ld.
LmclenL
8ulldlng
Lnergy Lmclency Appllcauons & AudlL
ln Lnergy lnLenslve lndusLrles, LL
Appllances Lab.
11
2033: Large-scale n8L power planLs (e.g. geoLhermal and hydro power) are predlcLed 12.8
CW (8Au) and 17.8 CW (Plgh Scenarlo).
lor small-scale n8L power planLs (e.g. v, wlnd, landll, blomass, ocean, and blofuels
power planL), are pro[ecLed Lo conunue growlng, lLs LoLal capaclLy wlll reach 4.3 CW (8Au
scenarlo) and 4.9 CW (hlgh scenarlo), or has only 2 share ln LoLal nauonal capaclLy

2020 : import 200 MMbbl of Crude Oil and 250 MMbbl
Fuel Oil netto (no new resources)
2020 : NRE share 13 % in Energy Mix
2023 : Net Importer of Gas, (base case)
2025 : Coal supply 38% > Oil Supply (33%), NRE 14.8%
(base case)
2033 : Net Energy Importer (base case)
81's lndonesla Lnergy CuLlook 2014:
Some challenges
!"#$"%&"'(%)*+, ./0 &/1&*)2 34%*+52 6.$ !*"&"5
7*5 ! 4.$" 8"+"9%15" :+"$,2;<
=+#$"%&" :5"#0$*>#%?.+ 8%?. 3@##"5"$%0" A"9 BB<
4.$" C.#%5'D%$ 8"+"9%15" :+"$,2 E./$#"&;
F.G"$+4"+0 H.44*04"+0 6.$ C.9 H%$1.+
0"#I+.5.,2 )"G"5.J4"+0
4.$" :+"$,2 :K#*"+#2
! $"L/*$") 1"M"$ N%$*O %+) N"#I+.5.,2
! Smartgr|d techno|ogy to acce|erate and opnm|zed
renewab|e energy penetranon
14 14
13
ulsungulshlng characLerlsucs of Lhe SmarL Crld clLed ln uS-LlSA (uS Lnergy lndependence
and SecurlLy AcL, 2007) lnclude:
lncreased use of d|g|ta| |nformanon and contro|s Lechnology Lo lmprove
rellablllLy, securlLy, and emclency of Lhe elecLrlc grld,
Dynam|c opnm|zanon of grld operauons and resources, wlLh full cyber securlLy,
ueploymenL and lnLegrauon of d|str|buted resources and generauon, lncludlng
renewable resources,
uevelopmenL and lncorporauon of demand response, demand-s|de resources,
and energy-emc|ency resources,
ueploymenL of ''smart'' techno|og|es for meter|ng, communlcauons concernlng
grld operauons and sLaLus, and dlsLrlbuuon auLomauon,
lnLegrauon of ''smart'' app||ances and consumer devlces,
ueploymenL and lnLegrauon of advanced e|ectr|c|ty storage and peak-shavlng
Lechnologles, lncludlng plug-ln elecLrlc and hybrld elecLrlc vehlcles, and Lhermal-
sLorage alr condluonlng,
rovlslon Lo consumers of nme|y |nformanon and conLrol opuons,

Source: uS-nlS1 lramework and 8oadmap for SmarL Crld lnLeroperablllLy SLandards, 8elease 2.0
Crasl engukuhan rofesor 8lseL , 22 november 2012
16
Smart Gr|d 1echno|ogy
lmplemenLauon of
smarL grld
Lechnologles LhaL
lnLegraLe read|ng
techno|ogy (senslng),
contro| methods,
and I1]
commun|canon |n
e|ectr|c power
systems LhaL exlsL
Loday need Lo be Lo
consldered
Crasl engukuhan rofesor 8lseL , 22 november 2012
17
Smart Gr|d 1echno|ogy
uevelopmenL of currenL Lechnology of bauery
enables elecLrlc car era of commerclallzauon. ln
Lhe fuLure ls expecLed each day Lhere wlll be a
|ot of cars are connected to the smart gr|d
E4%$0
F$*)
|ann|ng
Imp|ementanon
&
Deve|opment
Smart Gr|d
1. Creating Roadmap for Smart
Grid Implementation.
2. revenung fallures and
dlsLurbances on Lransmlsslon
and dlsLrlbuuon.
3. Installing smart meters.
4. 8emoLe vlsuallzauon & conLrol.
3. SwlLch Cear ConLrol
6. repald meLer lmplemenLauon
for 2300 consumers
7. CuLage ueLecuon
8. lloL pro[ecLs

1. Integrated Smart
Metering
2. Prepaid meter
implementation
3. 8ecloser ConLrol
4. Condluon 8ase LqulpmenL
MalnLenance [130 kv
llnes.
3. SubsLauon lnLegrauon
6. CuLage ueLecuon
1. Distribution Automation
Sistem
2. Condluon 8ase LqulpmenL
MalnLenance [130 & 20
kv llnes.
3. Integrated Smart
Metering
4. Subtation Integration
5. Outage detection

19
Smart Gr|d App||canon Support
AsslsL Lhe governmenL ln
Lhe energy conservauon
program
ersuaslve sLep on people Lo
use mlnl power planLs
uevelopmenL of organlc
prlmary fuel
lncrease Lhe role of Lhe
load conLrol cenLre
Senslng sysLem
modernlzauon
lnluauon adopuon of
ower Llne
Communlcauon (LC)
uevelopmenL of Lhe alapa
8lng ber opuc neLwork
broadband pro[ecL
1ransm|ss|on
1e|ecommun|canon Infrastructure
D|str|bunon
1. Smart |nterconnecnon
gr|ds
lmproved rellablllLy
Lnergy savlngs
8obusLness of operauon
and conLrol (Self-Peals)
2. Smart m|cro-gr|ds for
h|gh penetranon
d|str|buted energy
resources (DLk)
lmprove operauonal
conLrol capablllues.
SmooLhlng for hlgh
peneLrauon of varlable
renewable energy and uL8
lnLegrauon
20
21
Deve|opment of smart gr|d techno|ogy
has been |n|nated by 81 |n 2011
Objective: provide best practice of
high renewable energy penetration
by the ability of integrated control
for firming generation fluctuation
o uullzauon of renewable energy of large-
scale solar phoLovolLalc Lechnology 300 kWp
o 3 unlL mlcro hydro wlLh LoLal capaclLy of
1.800 MW
o Lnergy sLorage equlpmenL wlLh capaclLy 0f
300 kWh/day
o 13 unlL dlesel power planL wlLh LoLal capaclLy
of 4.946 MW
22
23 23
+%""/0) "1 -"0-*2. of lnLegraLed conLrol for hlgh Solar v
peneLrauon ablllLy ln small grld (up Lo 40 of dayume sysLem
load)
322%"2%($.* .*-40"#")5 for Lapplng hlgh solar resources ln area
wlLh long dry seasons
672%"8(0) *$9* "1 959.*7 "2*%$:"0 Lhrough lnLegraLed conLrol
ConLrol ;$.$ -"77<0(-$:"0 $0; *0*%)5 9."%$)* Lechnology
play lmporLanL role ln Lhe sysLem operauon
v88 energy sLorage Lechnology ls found $22%"2%($.* 1"% 4()4
=<-.<$.*; 959.*7, buL suer an lneecuve operauon due Lo lLs
hlgh lnLernal load and 8<#0*%$>(#(.5 ." 1%*?<*0. 959.*7 >#$-@A"<.B
C"%* D*0*E$>#* 9"<%-*9 (0.*)%$:"0 9**7 2".*0:$# ." 9<22"%.
*-"0"7(- "2*%$:"0 "1 'DF >$G*%5B
24
Long-Lerm lndonesla's energy ouLlook by 2033 ls 9:## ;"7(0$.*; >5 1"99(#
1<*#(83), as Lo compare wlLh renewable energy (13).
DH <:#(I$:"0 (9 9#"E#5 ;*8*#"2*; and mosL llkely could noL achleve Lhe long-
Lerm nauonal energy pollcy LargeL lf Lhere ls no pollcy breakLrough.
J$2 "1 *#*-.%(/-$:"0 %$:" 9:## %*7$(0, unless Lhere ls any progresslve
lnluauves.1hls provlde E(;* "22"%.<0(.5 for 8L Lechnologles & resources
developmenL.
llucLuaLed naLure of v8L sources: SmarL MlcroCrld Lechnology aL (72"%.$0.
%"#* for seamless 8L elecLrlclLy lnLegrauon, hence acceleraLe Lhe level of
uullzauon.
Plgh lkL (bulldlng energy consumpuon lnLenslLy) more Lhan 240 kWh/m2/year,
emclenL level ls less Lhan 144 kWh/m2/year: 97$%. ><(#;(0) E"<#; >* $0
$22%"2%($.* .*-40"#")5 for promoung hlgh energy emclency bulldlng.
Advanced MeLerlng lnfrasLrucLure (AMl) may provlde a Lools Lo (72%"8*
-"09<7*% *K*-:8*0*99 (0 *0*%)5 <9*, lncludlng represslng elecLrlclLy Lhe
23

Communlcauon lnfrasLrucLures
"
8lg Clues: Avallable buL Lxpenslve
"
Small 1owns: poor lnfrasLrucLure
"
8ural: lnexlsLence


lnformauon 1echnology
#
LlmlLed SCAuA capablllues
#
SmarL meLers only for large consumers


8egulaLory aspecLs:
$
non-compeuuve LlecLrlclLy MarkeL,
$
8egulaLed CovernmenL rlclng

unsLeady supply from 8enewable Lnergy Sources: need
advanced cosL-eecuve sLorage Lechnology, rellable &
conunuous real-ume daLa of lnLermluenL 8L sources
Plgh caplLal lnvesLmenLs
Low consumers lnLeresL Lo paruclpaLe

very llmlLed number of SmarL 8ulldlng appllcauons
26
16
27