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In this series of lessons you will be learning as much about your own tongue as that of the
Romans ~ the subjunctive is not fully active in English anymore.
If it were, it would
make learning this mood much easier because you would have something in your own
language to build from, but alas ~ spoken languages contintually change, as you know.
Here are some subjunctive phrases/sentences that are rather antiquated now:
be that as it may
if need be
I wish this night were over. (rather than I wish this night was over.)
It is
generally applied to verbs to show potential action (or wishes, prayers, and exhortations
which we will come to by and by). Mood of Uncertainty. Remember that!
In Latin there is another wide-use of the Subjunctive Mood; that is: to express Purpose.
In English we often express purpose with Infinitive verbs. However, in Classical Latin, this
is prohibited. The Romans used a subordinate clause in the Subjunctive Mood to
express purpose. For example:
Infinitive
Special
Subjunctive
Verb
There
is
subjunctive. The verb in that subordinate clause is put in the Subjunctive Mood.
So, besides being the Mood of Uncertainty, the Subjunctive is also the mood used to
express Purpose.
Lets review what we know so far:
1.
There are 2 moods in Latin. Up to this point we have been working with the
_________________________________________ mood.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Lastly, how do verbs show subjunctive? Its easier than you might imagine. Look at the
2nd Conj.
3rd Conj.
4th Conj.
laudEm
monEAm
mittAm
audIAm
laudEs
monEAs
mittAs
audIAs
laudEt
monEAt
mittAt
audIAt
laudEmus
monEAmus
mittAmus
audIAmus
laudEtis
monEAtis
mittAtis
audIAtis
laudEnt
monEAnt
mittAnt
audIAnt
Subjunctive Form
laudamus
Translation
laudemus ______________________
parant _________________________________________
_________________________________________________
portat __________________________________________
_________________________________________________
moneo _________________________________________
_________________________________________________
tenetis _________________________________________
_________________________________________________
movemus ______________________________________
_________________________________________________
sustinent _______________________________________
_________________________________________________
ducis ___________________________________________
_________________________________________________
gerunt _________________________________________
_________________________________________________
defendit _______________________________________
_________________________________________________
instruis _________________________________________
_________________________________________________
mittit __________________________________________
_________________________________________________
vincitis _________________________________________
_________________________________________________
petunt _________________________________________
_________________________________________________
pellit ___________________________________________
_________________________________________________
pono____________________________________________
_________________________________________________
contendit ______________________________________
_________________________________________________
agunt __________________________________________
_________________________________________________
muniunt _______________________________________
_________________________________________________
venit ___________________________________________
_________________________________________________
conveniunt ____________________________________
_________________________________________________
audimus _______________________________________
_________________________________________________
collocamus_____________________________________
_________________________________________________
adjuvimus _____________________________________
_________________________________________________
perturbamus __________________________________
_________________________________________________
servant_________________________________________
_________________________________________________
incendunt _____________________________________
_________________________________________________
continet _______________________________________
_________________________________________________