737 Efis

Chapter 23.
Boeing 737

Electronic Flight Instrument System
(EFIS)

Introduction The EFIS provides displays for most of the aircraft navigation systems.
Provision is made for:

Colour displays of pitch and roll
Navigational maps
Weather
Radio altitude and decision height
Autopilot
ADF/VOR bearings
ILS data
Stall warning information

System Architecture The system comprises of the following components (See Diagram 1
EFIS System Architecture):

Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicators (EHSI) Located directly in front of
the Captain and First Officer

Electronic Attitude Direction Indicators (EADI) Located directly in front of
the Captain and First Officer

EFIS Symbol Generators (SG)

EFIS Control Panels

EFI Transfer Switch

EFIS display units are provided for both the Captain and the First Officer. Left and right SGs
provide video signals to drive the respective display units. An EFI transfer switch is provided
to determine whether:

The left and right SGs drive the Captains and First Officers EADIs and EHSIs
respectively
Or one SG drives all four displays

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PASSION FOR AVIATION

EFIS Symbol Generator Two symbol generators receive inputs from various aircraft
systems. The SGs respond to these inputs and then generate the proper visual displays for
the respective EADI and EHSI

The EFIS control panel provides the system control.

Diagram 1 EFIS System Architecture

Navigation Systems Inputs Symbol Generator 1 Symbol Generator 2
VHF/NAV DME
Flight Management
Computer
Air Data Computer
Auto Throttle
Inertial Reference System
Digital Flight Control System
Stall Warning Computer
Automatic Direction Finder
Weather Radar
Radio Altimeter
Ground Proximity Warning
System
VOR 1 and 2
DME 1 and 2
LOC 1 and 2
ADF 1 and 2
SWC 1
ADC 1
LRRA 1
G/S 1 and 2
FCC A and B
IRS L and R
MCP
A/T

VOR 1 and 2
DME 1 and 2
LOC 1 and 2
ADF 1 and 2
SWC 2
ADC 2
LRRA 2
G/S 1 and 2
FCC A and B
IRS L and R
MCP
A/T

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EFIS Control Panel The EFIS control panel controls:

Display modes
Ranges on the EADI and EHSI
Selection of Decision Height
Weather Radar on/off control

Diagram 2 EFIS Control Panel

EADI Controls The left hand side of the panel shown in Diagram 2 controls the EADI.

BRT Controls the brightness of the EADI display.

DH REF The LCD displays the selected decision height (DH). The DH is also
displayed on the EADI in the bottom right corner.

Underneath the DH REF display is the Decision Height Set Knob.
This control has a range of 20 to +999 ft. The decision height
defaults to 200 ft when power is applied. Turning the knob changes
the DH.

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RST This manually resets the DH alert on the EADI. The radio altimeter
display changes from yellow to white.

EHSI Controls Using Diagram 2, the EHSI controls are to the right of the EFIS
control panel.

RANGE Selects the range for the navigation (MAP, CTR MAP, PLAN) and
weather data display on the EHSI, the Flight Management Computer
and Weather Radar.

Mode Select Switch
This selects the mode of data to be displayed on the EHSI.

BRT Two concentric knobs:

Outer Control Adjusts the brightness of the HSI display

Inner Control Adjusts the brightness of the weather radar
display

WXR The weather radar ON/OFF switch. When the switch is in the on
position weather radar information is displayed on the associated
EHSI in the MAP, CTR MAP, EXP VOR/ILS, FULL NAV or PLAN
modes.

Map Mode Display Selector Switches
In the MAP, CTR MAP or PLAN modes these switches activate the
display of the symbols listed below. Any or all of the switches can be
activated at the same time. When selected on the switch is
illuminated (white).

VOR/ADF Displays VOR/ADF bearing data in the MAP and CTR MAP
modes. The MAP mode displayed ADF Bearing Pointer is
suppressed when this switch is selected.

NAV AID Navigation Aid data is displayed, VOR, VORTAC etc. Only
the high altitude navigation aids are provided by the FMC
data base when the range scales 80 nm, 160 nm or 320 nm
are selected. All navigation aids are displayed if any of the
other range scales are used.

ARPT Displays all airports which are stored in the FMC data base
and which are within the viewable map area of the EHSI.

RTE DATA Displays altitude constraints and the ETA for each active
route waypoint.

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Electronic Attitude Direction Indicator The EADI has one basic display mode
showing:

Aeroplane attitude
Flight Director commands
Various types of airspeed
ILS
Radio Altimeter

Across the top of the EADI, autothrottle and autopilot annunciations are provided when the
autopilot is either armed or engaged. Turn and bank information is provided by an
inclinometer (slip indicator) at the bottom of the EADI.

Diagram 3 Typical EADI
EADI General The EADI presents conventional EADI displays for:

Attitude
Pitch
Roll

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Flight Director Commands
Localiser and Glideslope deviation

In addition, the EADI displays information relating to:

Autoflight systems mode annunciations
Airplane speed (V
MO
/M
MO
)
Minimum speeds
CAS
Pitch Limit
Mach Number
Groundspeed
Decision Height
Radio Altitude

Attitude Display Attitude data is provided by the IRSs. The captains EADI uses the
left IRS and the First Officers EADI uses the right IRS. The IRSs pitch and roll attitude
information is valid through 360 of rotation in each axis.

Mode Annunciations Mode annunciations for the A/T and the AFDS are displayed at the
top of the EADI displays.

Flight Director (F/D) Commands FD guidance commands from the selected FCC are
displayed via split axis flight director command bars. The pitch and roll commands are
displayed independently.

Glideslope (G/S) and Localiser (LOC) Deviation Displays Glideslope and localiser
deviation scales appear when a localiser frequency is tuned on the associated VHF NAV
receiver. A valid signal is required before the deviation pointer is displayed.

The normal localiser deviation scale is 1 per dot. When the course deviation is approximately
5
/
8
deviation (
5
/
8
dot) and VOR/LOC is engaged, the scale automatically expands to indicate
degree deviation per dot. The scale remains expanded until:

After landing rollout, or
Go-around with radio altitude greater than 200 ft

On a backcourse approach, the symbol generator reverses the polarity of the localiser
deviation pointer on the EADI. The reversal occurs when the airplane track differs from the
selected MCP course by more than 90. When the frontcourse is set in the MCP display the
EADI and EHSI course deviation display will agree on both a frontcourse and a backcourse
approach. Additionally, the glideslope scale is not displayed for a backcourse approach.

ILS Deviation Warning ILS deviation monitoring alerts the flight crew of excessive
LOC or G/S deviations. This alerting function is operative during single or dual A/P channel

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ILS approach. The alerting system is armed when the airplane descends below 1500 ft radio
altitude (RA) with the LOC or G/S captured. If the Captains or First Officers LOC deviation
exceeds:
dot expanded scale
dot standard scale

the respective LOC scale changes colour from white to yellow and the miniature runway stem
flashes.

If the Captains or First Officers G/S deviation exceeds 1 dot deviation, the respective G/S
scale changes colour from white to yellow and the G/S pointer flashes. G/S deviation alerting
will not be initiated below 100 ft RA, but continues below this altitude if the alert was triggered
prior to descent below 100 ft RA.

Each pilots alerting system self-tests upon becoming armed at 1500 ft RA. This self-test
generates a 2 second LOC and G/S deviation alerting display on each EADI.

Rising Runway Symbol The Rising Runway Symbol is an integral part of the LOC
deviation display, and is positioned at the top of the LOC Deviation Pointer. The Rising
Runway Symbol is displayed in addition to the RA display and gives an additional cue to the
flight crew of the aircrafts close proximity to the ground as the airplane descends below 200 ft
RA. Full scale, vertical movement of the Rising Runway represents the last 200 ft of the radio
altitude. Zero feet RA is indicated as the top of the Runway Symbol rises to the base of the
Airplane Symbol.

The requirements for display of the Rising Runway Symbol are as follows:

Valid ILS/LOC frequency selected
Valid RA data
RA less than 2500 ft

If any of the above conditions is not met the Runway Symbol will not be displayed.

Attitude Comparator A yellow PITCH or ROLL alerting annunciation is displayed on
both EADIs if either symbol generator detects a difference of more than 3 between the
Captains or First Officers attitude displays. A short time delay is incorporated to minimise
nuisance annunciations.

Digital Radio Altitude and Decision Height When RA is less than 2500 ft, a digital
display of radio altitude is depicted in the lower right hand corner of the EADI. At all other
times the digital RA display is blanked.

When a positive decision height has been selected on the respective EFIS Control Panel, the
letters DH and the decision height are displayed just above the digital RA display of the
associated EADI.

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When the airplane is below 1000 ft agl, a RA Dial is added to the radio altitude display and
the digital DH display is replaced by a magenta pointer located on the radio altitude dial.

When descending through the selected DH, a DH alert occurs. The RA dial and digital display
and the DH pointer change colour to yellow, flash momentarily, then remains steady yellow as
the airplane continues to descend.

The DH alert is reset if any one of the following occurs:

The DH reset switch on the EFIS control panel is pressed
The RA increases to DH +75 ft
The radio altitude is equal to zero feet (touchdown)

Following an electrical power interruption the DH value will default to 200 ft.

Mach Display The current Mach Number from the respective Air Data Computer (ADC) is
displayed if the following are satisfied:

Accelerating Mach Number is 0.40M
Decelerating Mach Number previously above 0.4M and is still >0.38M

Groundspeed Display A digital presentation of the current groundspeed is
displayed. The groundspeed data is received from the FMC or IRS, the FMC being the
primary source. The numeric range is from 0 to 999 knots.

Pitch Limit Symbol The position of the Pitch Limit Symbol is a function of the stall
warning computer. The Pitch Limit Symbol appears when the flaps are extended in any
position.

During take-off, the Pitch Limit Symbol is fixed at 15 pitch attitude until the stall warning
computer commands a value greater than 15 (at approximately 100 knots). Above this
speed, the position of the Pitch Limit Symbol is a function of the various inputs to the stall
warning computer and is limited to a maximum of 30 of pitch.

In general, the Pitch Limit Symbol is programmed so that stick shaker activation will coincide
with a pitch attitude equal to the Pitch Limit Symbol indication.

In a rapid pull up, the pitch attitude may exceed the Pitch Limit Symbol indication for a brief
period of time without initiating the stick shaker warning.

With a lightweight airplane the stick shaker may be activated by the low speed limit logic of
the stall warning computer even though the Pitch Limit Symbol is positioned slightly above the
airplane symbol.

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Speed Tape Scale A range of approximately 84 knots is displayed. Numbers are placed
on the tape at 20 knot intervals from 40 knots to 420 knots. The speed tape scrolls up and
down and current airspeed is indicated by the digital readout.

Digital Airspeed Readout A digital readout of the current calibrated airspeed is located
within the fixed airspeed reference pointer. The units digit rolls continuously based on the
current fractional unit value of the calibrated airspeed to emulate the rolling digit readout of a
conventional electrical/mechanical airspeed indicator.

Airspeed Trend Arrow A green arrow of variable length which points to the predicted
airspeed that the aeroplane will achieve within the next 10 seconds. This prediction is based
on the present airspeed and airspeed acceleration. The Airspeed Trend Arrow is not
displayed unless its magnitude is greater than 4 knots. The Airspeed Trend Arrow is removed
when its magnitude becomes less than 3 knots.

Command Speed Displayed as a magenta, double line cursor located on the speed
tape scale if the command speed is within the currently displayed Speed Tape range.
Displayed as the numerical equivalent, above or below the Speed Tape scale, if the
command speed is equivalent to the selected speed on the MCP or the FMC command
speed, whichever is applicable.

Max Operating Speed (V
MO
/M
MO
or Gear/Flap Placards) Represented by the high
speed red and black barber pole. The position of the maximum operating speed symbol is a
function of data supplied to the SG from the stall warning computer. The maximum operating
speed is the lower of the:

Gear extended placard speed
Flaps extended placard speed, or
V
MO
/M
MO

High Speed Buffet Margin The high speed buffet margin is represented by the bottom of
a hollow yellow bar that extends from the bottom of the V
MO
/M
MO
symbol at high altitude. As
the airplane climbs to altitudes above 25 000 ft, the yellow bar begins to extend to give an
indication of the speed that would provide a 0.3G to high speed buffet margin. At lower
altitudes the V
MO
/M
MO
speed is more limiting and the high speed buffet limit symbol is no
longer visible. Since the stall warning computer uses FMC gross weight to calculate the high
speed buffet margin speed, this display is not available if the FMC is unable to compute gross
weight.

Next Flap Placard Speed The same symbol is used to represent this speed as is used
to represent the high speed buffet margin. If the airplane is in the air, and flaps are lowered
the hollow yellow bar extends from the high speed end of the speed tape. The end of the
hollow yellow bar represents the placard speed for the next normal flap position. Next flap
placard speeds are displayed only for those flap positions that would normally be used during
an approach and landing. The next flap placard symbol is blanked when current flap position
equals the selected landing flap configuration on the FMC/CDU APPROACH REF page or
when the flaps are being retracted.

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Flaps Up Manoeuvring Speed Indicated by a small green circle on the speed tape.
This speed is an output of the stall warning computer and is based on the actual gross weight
as computed by the FMC. It represents the best airspeed (climb or driftdown) for an airplane
in the clean configuration. This function is not enabled until the flaps are up.

Decision Speed Decision speed is depicted by a green -1 located opposite the V1
speed on the speed tape if the V1 speed is within the displayed range. If the selected V1
speed is not within the displayed range, a green V1 with the numeric value of the V1 speed
is displayed at the high speed end of the speed tape.

Before the V1 speed is displayed on the speed tape, the pilot must first enter the correct
speed in the scratch pad on the FMC/CDU TAKE-OFF page and then line select this speed to
the V1 prompt line.

VR (Rotation) Speed VR speed is depicted by a green -R located opposite the rotation
speed if the rotation speed on the speed tape if the VR speed is within the displayed range.
The -R symbol is blanked if the rotation speed is not within the displayed range.

Before the VR speed is displayed on the speed tape, the pilot must first enter the correct
speed in the scratch pad on the FMC/CDU TAKE-OFF page and then line select this speed to
the VR prompt line.

VREF (Reference Speed) The VREF speed is represented by the -R symbol. The
FMC/CDU APPROACH REF page displays VREF speed based on the current gross weight
for three landing flap settings. The flight crew may select the FMC computed speed or
manually enter another value into the field corresponding to the desired landing flap
configuration. This speed will then be transmitted by the FMC and the SG will display the -R
symbol opposite that speed on the speed tape.

The FMC updates the computed VREF speeds as fuel is burned based on fuel totaliser
inputs. A VREF value does not update once it has been selected for transmission to the
speed tape.

If the flight crew manually inserts a gross weight on the APPROACH REF page, the FMC
computed VREF speeds will be based solely on the manually entered gross weight as long as
the APPROACH REF page remains in view. A manually entered gross weight is not updated
as fuel is burned off.

Minimum Flap Retraction Speed Indicated by a green -F on the right side of the
speed tape. The stall warning computer computes this speed. It represents the speed that will
provide the minimum manoeuvre speed (depicted by the end of the low speed yellow bar) for
the next normal flap position; flap positions 5, 1 or UP only. The display will respond to the
effects of extending the flight spoilers.

Minimum Manoeuvring Speed Represented by the end of the low speed hollow
yellow bar. If the airplane is at low altitude and is flown at this speed, a 0.3G manoeuvre
margin to stick shaker is provided. This would allow for a 40 bank turn while manoeuvring in
level flight.

23-10

If the airplane is at high altitude and is flown at the minimum manoeuvring speed, a 0.3G
manoeuvre margin to low speed buffet is provided as opposed to a 0.3G manoeuvre margin
to stick shaker margin. Since the stall warning computer uses the FMC gross weight to
calculate the minimum manoeuvre speed at high altitudes, this symbol is not displayed at high
altitude if the FMC gross weight is not available.

The display will reflect the effect of extending the flight spoilers.

The hollow yellow bar is inhibited from take-off roll through the first flap retraction. Once the
flaps are up, the display will be shown for the remainder of the flight, including subsequent
flap extensions.

Stick Shaker Speed Represented by the end of the low speed red and black striped
barbers pole. This speed represents the airspeed at which the angle of airflow vanes will
activate the stick shaker warning. The source of the stick shaker airspeed is the stall warning
computer. The display will reflect the effect of extending the flight spoilers.

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EADI Symbols

Symbol Name Description

Airplane A white airplane attitude
symbol is provided by the EFIS
SG
<
Bank Indicator and Scale White

Sky/Ground/Horizon Line The sky is cyan (light blue)
with yellow for the ground. The
sky/ground movement and
horizon line (white) are
controlled by the IRS data

Pitch Scale A white scale (90) controlled
by IRS data. 0 indicates the
horizon line

Flight Director Command A magenta symbol produced
by FCC data. Displayed when
the respective Flight Director
(FD) switch is on and valid
command steering is available
or during automatic operation
of the FD.

Blanked off when the FD
switch is off or when command
steering becomes invalid

Localiser Pointer and Scale

Expanded Localiser Scale
and Pointer

A magenta pointer with a white
scale and index

The pointer indicates the
localiser position

The scale indicates the
deviation

When LOC is engaged and the
deviation is slightly more than
dot the scale expands

The pointer is blanked when
the ILS localiser signal is too
weak to be usable

23-12


Glideslope Scale and
Pointer
A magenta pointer with a white
scale and index

The pointer indicates the
glideslope position and the
scale deviation

The pointer is not displayed
when the glideslope signal is
unusable or when the track
and the front course on the
Main Control Panel (MCP)
differ by more than 90 (Back
Course)
ALT Height Alert A white display when 500 ft <
Radio Altitude (RA) <1000 ft.
Reset by the DH RST on the
EFIS CP, or when RA >height
alert value computed by EFIS
SG
DH 200
1750
Decision Height and Radio
Altitude
The decision height is
displayed in green. The DH is
the one selected on the EFIS
CP when the RA is above
1000 ft agl

Blank when the DH is negative

Radio Altitude is displayed
below 2500 ft agl in white

The display is blanked above
2500 ft agl

The symbol colour changes to
yellow when below the
selected DH on descent

The symbol colour changes to
white when passing DH +75 ft
during a go-around, after
touchdown or after pressing
the RST switch on the EFIS
CP
GS 250

Groundspeed The FMC/IRS values are
displayed in knots and
coloured white

23-13

.765 Current Mach Number Displayed when the Mach
increases above 0.4M

The Display is blanked when
the Mach Number decreases
below 0.38M

Pitch Limit Symbol A yellow symbol which
indicates the pitch attitude
which will activate the stick
shaker
Rising Runway A green symbol shaped like a
runway at the bottom of the
screen.

Displayed when the localiser
pointer is in view and the radio
altitude is valid

The symbol rises towards the
aeroplane symbol when radio
altitude is below 200 ft agl

Radio Altitude Dial

Diagram 4 Radio Altitude

The digital display of Radio Altitude (white) is replaced with the dial when the aircraft is at or
below 1000 ft agl. A DH pointer (magenta) replaces the digital DH display.

At or below 1000 ft agl the circumference of the dial is added to or removed
dependent on whether the aircraft is climbing or descending
The display changes colour to yellow and flashes momentarily when the aircraft
descends below DH
DH Alert is reset automatically if the aircraft
Climbs 75 ft or more above the selected DH, or
After the aircraft lands

DH Alert is manually reset if the RST switch on the EFIS Control Panel is pressed

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23-15
Speed Tapes
2 FMC/MCP Command Speed - Magenta
3 V
R
(rotation speed) - Green

4 V
1
(decision speed) - Green
5 Speed Tape Scale - White
1 V
1
(decision Speed) - Green

1. V
1
Decision Speed
Displayed in green
Displayed after manual entry on the FMC/CDU TAKEOFF REF page
V
1
is only displayed in this location during the initial take-off roll when the speed is
beyond the displayed range

2. FMC/MCP Command Speed
Displayed in magenta

3. V
R
Rotation Speed
Displayed in green
Displayed after manual entry on the FMC/CDU TAKEOFF REF page

4. V
1
Decision Speed
Displayed in green
Replaces the digital display in the top right corner of the speed tape when V
1
is within
the displayed range

5. Speed Tape Scale
Displayed in white
Scrolls up or down in response to the ADC calibrated airspeed
Range 45 420 knots


23-16
6 FMC/MCP Command Speed Magenta

7 Minimum Flap Retraction Speed Green

8 Minimum Manoeuvre Speed Yellow

9 Stick Shaker Speed (Red and Black)

Displayed in magenta
Displayed in this position when the FMC/MCP Command Speed is above the
displayed range

7. Minimum Flap Retraction Speed
Displayed in green
Displayed on the speed tape during take-off or go-around

8. Minimum Manoeuvre Speed
Displayed in yellow
The top of the yellow bar indicates the minimum manoeuvre speed
The display is inhibited from the take-off roll until first flap retraction

9. Stick Shaker Speed
Displayed in red and black
The top of the barbers pole indicates the speed at which the stick shaker will activate


23-17

10. Flaps up Manoeuvring Speed Green

11. Rolling Digits Display - White

12. Airspeed Trend Arrow Green

13. FMC/MCP Command Speed - Magenta

10. Flaps up Manoeuvring Speed
Displayed in green
Shown when the flaps are up

11. Rolling Digits Display
Displayed in white
Indicates the current airspeed
The position is fixed relative to the ADI position

12. Airspeed Trend Arrow
The tip of the arrow depicts the predicted airspeed in the next 10 seconds
The prediction is based upon present airspeed and acceleration

Displayed when the FMC/MCP Command speed is below the displayed range

14. Max Operating Speed Red and Black

15. High Speed Buffet Limit - Yellow


14. Max Operating Speed
Indicates V
MO
/M
MO

15. High Speed Buffet Limit
Displayed in yellow
The bottom of the yellow bar indicates the speed that provides a 0.3G manoeuvre
margin to high speed buffet at high altitudes

16. Placard Speed Red and Black
17. Next Flap Position Placard Speed Yellow

18. V
REF
Speed - Green

16. Placard Speed
Indicates gear extended placard speed, or
Flap extended placard speed for the selected flap position

17. Next Flap Position Placard Speed
Displayed in yellow
The bottom of the yellow bar indicates the flap extended placard speed for the next
normal flap position
Displayed during flap extension

18. V
REF
Speed
Displayed in green
Indicates the V
REF
speed for the landing flap configuration as selected on the
FMC/CDU APPROACH REF page

EFIS EADI Fault Displays

Operation If the specific input data to a symbol generator is identified as invalid data,
the associated data or parameter value, is blanked. In some cases yellow fault flags are

23-18

displayed. The location, orientation, and letter characters associated with each of these flags
are shown. The windshear warning annunciation is displayed in red.

Diagram 5 EADI Fault Displays

EADI Failure Flags and Annunciations

1. Selected Speed Annunciation The command speed and displays are inoperative
2. V
1
Inoperative Annunciation V
1
display is inoperative
3. Speed Flag The speed tape is inoperative
4. Speed Limit Annunciation The displays associated with the stick shaker and
maximum operating speeds have failed
5. Mach Flag The Mach Number display has failed
6. Pitch Comparator Annunciation The Captains and First Officers pitch angle displays
differ by more than 3
7. Attitude Comparator Function Flag The comparator function has failed
8. Localizer Flag The localizer deviation display on the EADI has
failed
9. Windshear Warning Annunciation The ground proximity computer has detected
a windshear condition
10. Roll Comparator Annunciation The Captains and First Officers bank angle
displays differ by more than 3
11. Radio Altitude Flag The radio altitude display has failed

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12. Decision Height Flag The selected decision height display has
failed
13. Symbol Generator Fail Annunciation The selected symbol generator has failed
14. Attitude Flag The attitude display has failed
15. Flight Director Flag The flight director has failed

EFIS Typical EHSI Centre Map, Map and Plan Displays The EHSI can display
selected FMC Data in three different selectable formats:

CTR Map
Map
Plan

The format displayed depends upon the mode selected on the EFIS Control Panel (Diagram
6).

Diagram 6 EHSI Mode Selector

General Each EHSI presents an electronically generated colour display of
conventional HSI navigation data:

VOR/ILS Modes
NAV Modes

Each EHSI is also capable of displaying the airplanes flight progress on a plan view map:

Map Mode
CTR Map Mode

Or the airplanes flight plan on a plan view map orientated to True North:

Plan Mode

Excluding operation in the FULL NAV, FULL VOR/ILS and PLAN Modes, each EHSI also
serves as a weather radar display when the WXR Switch on the respective EFIS CP is on.

23-20

During normal operation, each EHSI receives information from its own symbol generator.
Each symbol generator receives data from a variety of aircraft systems to support the EHSI
displays.

EHSI Display Orientation The various displays on the EHSI are orientated to airplane
heading (heading up). With heading up orientation, all displayed data is referenced to aircraft
heading as shown at the 12 oclock position on the compass rose.

During normal operation, heading reference data is supplied to each EHSI from the respective
IRS.

Airplane track data is supplied by the FMC. If the FMC track data should become unreliable,
the respective IRS automatically supplies track data.

PLAN Mode The PLAN mode is a map display which may be used to view an FMC flight
plan route, either in total for a short route, or waypoint by waypoint for a longer route.
Primarily used before flight to set up the flight plan conditions. The upper part of the display
describes the dynamic conditions of the airplane:

Track
Selected and actual heading
Distance
ETA to the next waypoint

The lower part of the display is background data displaying the flight plan. (Diagram 7).

Diagram 7 PLAN Mode
Features of PLAN Mode

PLAN is selected on the EFIS Mode Selector Switch

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A static map is displayed orientated to true north, only 70 of the compass rose is
shown
The top of the EHSI is the same in MAP Mode
The pilot can review the planned route by using the FMC/CDU LEGS page CENTER
STEP line select key
Weather radar data is inhibited

MAP and CTR MAP Modes These modes display the aeroplanes position with respect to
the flight plan. The entire display is dynamic, rotating as the aircraft moves. The aircraft is
represented by a triangle in the centre of the display. Waypoint and NAVAID symbols remain
upright. Symbols which are rotated to maintain a proper orientation are:

ARPT (Airport)
Holding pattern
Procedural turn symbols

The displays are used to monitor the aeroplane position along the selected flight path.

Diagram 8 Map Mode

Features of MAP Mode

MAP is selected on the EFIS Mode Selector Switch
The MAP mode display shows 70 of the compass rose
The aeroplane is shown as a fixed symbol () at the bottom of the display
superimposed on a moving map display
The basic map background includes
Origin/destination airports
Flight plan route
Display of navaids in use

23-22

Optional background data is selected by using the Map Mode Display Selectors on
the EFIS Control Panel, this data includes:
Off route navigation aids
Off route airports
Off route named waypoints
Tuned VOR/ADF radials
Flight plan route waypoints
ETAs
Altitude constraints
Weather radar returns are displayed when the WXR switch is ON

Diagram 9 Center Map Mode

Features of CENTER MAP Mode

CTR MAP is selected on the EFIS Mode Selector Switch
The CENTER MAP Mode includes a 360 compass rose
Displays the same data and symbols as the MAP mode
The airplane symbol is displayed in the centre of the display so that MAP information
is displayed behind the aircraft

NAV Mode Displays The NAV Modes display selected FMC data. The display is
referenced to track and shows the aircraft position relative to:

The next waypoint, and
The vertical and horizontal flight path
The NAV modes can have 70 or 360 compass displays

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Diagram 10 - Expanded Navigation Mode

Features of EXPANDED NAVIGATION Mode

EXP NAV is selected on the EFIS Control Panel Selector Switch
The display shows lateral and vertical navigation guidance information similar to a
conventional HSI
The FMC is the source of the navigation data
Weather radar data is displayed when the WXR switch is on

Diagram 11 Full Navigation Mode

23-24

Features of FULL NAVIGATION Mode

FULL NAV is selected on the EFIS Control Panel Selector Switch
Displays the same as EXP NAV except:
Weather radar displays are not available
The full compass rose is shown instead of the expanded compass rose
Alternate symbols are used for the
Aeroplane symbol
Course pointer

VOR and ILS Displays The VOR and ILS modes can be used with manually selected
stations. The VOR mode is used en-route with VOR and DME station inputs. ILS is the
landing mode and uses ILS and DME station inputs. Appropriate deviations are displayed in
both modes. Heading displayed is magnetic below 73 north and 60 south latitude. At higher
Latitudes, the heading is automatically referenced to true north

Drift angle can be determined by the difference between the heading and track line.

For the VOR and ILS systems, the EHSI has two different types of displays which are
selectable on the EFIS Control Panel.

The FULL VOR/ILS displays include a 360 compass rose with the airplane symbol in the
center, and so are unable to display weather radar data.

The EXP VOR/ILS displays include only a 70 compass arc with the airplane symbol at the
bottom center. This display is used to more easily read the airplanes heading and track
values. Also, the weather radar data can be displayed on these expanded displays.

Whether the display presents VOR or ILS data depends upon the VOR or ILS frequency
selection on the VHF NAV Control Panel.

Except for the FULL and EXP display differences described above, the remainder of the
navigational data shown is the same on both types of displays. A detailed description of all
displayed symbols, parameters, and annunciations is provided later.

23-25

Expanded VOR Mode

Diagram 12 Expanded VOR Mode

VOR/ILS is selected on the EFIS Control Panel Selector Switch
With a VOR frequency selected, VOR navigation data is displayed
This is orientated to the airplane heading
The source of the navigation data is displayed as VOR 1 or VOR 2 in the lower left
corner of the EHSI
The TO/FROM annunciation and the navigation source frequency is in the lower right
corner of the EHSI
Weather radar return data and range arcs are displayed when the WXR switch is on

Full Rose VOR Mode

Diagram 13 Full Rose VOR Mode

23-26

FULL VOR/ILS is selected on the EFIS Control Panel Selector Switch
The information displayed is the same as the expanded VOR mode with the
following exceptions
A full compass rose is shown instead of the expanded compass rose
A drift angle pointer replaces the track line
The TO/FROM pointer is shown in addition to the TO/FROM annunciation
Alternate symbols are used for airplane symbol and course pointer

Expanded ILS Mode

Diagram 14 Expanded ILS Mode

VOR/ILS is selected on the EFIS Control Panel Selector Switch
With an ILS LOC frequency selected, ILS navigation data is displayed orientated to
aircraft heading
The source of navigation data (ILS 1/ILS 2) is shown in the lower left corner of the
EHSI
The frequency of the navigation source is shown in the lower right of the screen
Weather radar return data and range arcs are displayed when the WXR switch is on

23-27

Full Rose ILS Mode

Diagram 15 Full Rose ILS Mode

FULL VOR/ILS is selected on the EFIS Control Panel Selector Switch
Data displayed is the same as the expanded mode with the following exceptions
A full compass rose is shown instead of the expanded compass rose
A drift angle pointer replaces the track line
Alternate symbols are used for airplane symbol and course pointer

EHSI Symbology The following symbols may be displayed on each EHSI depending on
the EFIS Control Panel selection. The colours used are as follows.

Green Active or selected mode and/or dynamic conditions
White Present status situation and scales
Magenta Command information, pointers, symbols, fly-to conditions and
weather radar turbulence
Cyan Non-active and background information
Red Warning
Yellow Cautionary information, faults and flags
Black Blank areas and off conditions

23-28

Data Name
Colour
Applicable
Modes
Remarks
Symbol Data Source

Airplane Symbol
White
FULL VOR/ILS
FULL NAV
Airplane position is indicated by
the centre of the symbol which
is the centre of rotation and
translation for all the
background and dynamic
symbols.
Source: EFIS SG

Full Compass Rose
Display
Colour: White
(Low intensity display)
FULL VOR/ILS
FULL NAV
Displays 360 of IRS compass
data.
Source: IRS

Full Compass Rose
Display
Colour: White
(Low intensity display)
CTR MAP Displays 360 of IRS compass
data.
Source: IRS

Expanded Compass
Rose
Colour: White
EXP VOR/ILS
MAP
EXP NAV
Heading is from IRS
360 is available only 70 is
shown

Airplane Symbol
Colour: White
EXP VOR/ILS
MAP
EXP NAV
CTR MAP
The apex of the white triangle
indicates airplane position. The
apex of the airplane is the
centre of rotation and translation
for all the background and
dynamic symbols.

Heading Annunciator
Colour: Green
Heading Readout and
index
Colour: White
(Heading index low
intensity)
M/TRU Annunciator
Colour: Green
EXP VOR/ILS
EXP NAV
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
The number under the low
intensity index pointer is a
heading.
Readout displays actual
heading.
Compass is referenced to
magnetic north between 73N
and 60S.
Above these latitudes the
compass is referenced to true
north.
Source: IRS

Heading Annunciator
Colour: Green
Heading Readout and
index
Colour: White
(Heading index low
intensity)
FULL VOR/ILS
FULL NAV
Indicates number under pointer
is a heading.
Box displays actual heading.
Compass is referenced to
magnetic north between 73N
and 60S.
Above these latitudes the
compass is referenced to true

23-29

Data Name
Colour
Applicable
Modes
Remarks
Symbol Data Source
M/TRU Annunciator
Colour: Green
north.
Source: IRS

Magnetic Status
Change
Colour: Green Box
around Green M
annunciator
All Modes Box appears for 10 seconds at
transition to magnetic reference
display.
Source: SG

True Enhancement
Annunciator
Colour: White box
around Green TRU
annunciator
All Modes Box surrounds TRU when
display is referenced to true
north unless yellow TRU
annunciator (below) is displayed
Source: SG

True Advisory
Annunciator
Colour: Yellow box
around TRU
annunciator
All Modes Yellow box surrounds TRU
(Initially flashes for 10 seconds)
when descent rate >800 fpm for
2000 ft (landing phase)
The yellow box remains until
ascent rate >500 fpm for 2000
ft (take-off phase)
Then changes to the white
enhancement annunciator
above
Source: SG

Selected Heading
Marker and Line
Colour: Magenta
All Modes Manually positioned by heading
selector on the MCP.
No dashed line on full displays
Source: FCC
Default: MCP

Drift Angle Pointer
Colour: White
All Modes Indicates FMC/IRS computed
drift angle
Source: FMC
Default: IRS

Present Track
(Straight Trend Line)
and Range Scale
Colour: White
MAP
NAV
VOR
ILS
Magnetic/true track which will
result with present heading and
winds.
Displayed range is the actual

23-30

23-31
Data Name
Colour
Applicable
Modes
Remarks
Symbol Data Source

CTR MAP
selected range.
Range marks are used in CTR
MAP mode
Range arcs (not shown) are
used in the MAP mode and in
the EXP VOR/ILS and EXP
NAV modes with WX selected
Track defaults to IRS for FMC
not valid
Course Select Pointer
and Vector
Colour: Magenta
VOR Indicates selected VOR course
when tuned to VOR source
Source: FCC
Default: MCP
Runway Heading
Pointer
Colour: Magenta
White
ILS Indicates selected runway
heading for front course when
tuned to ILS source
Source: FCC
Default: MCP

Desired Track Pointer
and Vector
Colour: Magenta
NAV Indicates desired track angle
from FMC or ANCDU
ALERT Course Change
Annunciation
Colour: Yellow
NAV Displayed 10 seconds before
reaching waypoint.
Removed at reaching waypoint
Source: FMC or ANCDU

VOR Bearing Vectors
and Identifiers
Colour: Green
MAP
CTR MAP
Displayed when VOR/ADF
selector on EFIS CP is pushed,
and associated DME not in
agility mode
Source: DAA
Course Deviation
Scale
Colour:
Scale White
Bar - Magenta
VOR When VOR frequency tuned,
VOR course deviation is
displayed.
One dot equals 5 deviation
Computed in the SG
Deviation =VOR Bearing minus
selected course

Localiser Deviation
Scale
Colour:
Scale White
Bar - Magenta
ILS When ILS frequency tuned, ILS
course deviation is displayed.
One dot is approximately 1
deviation
Source: DAA

23-32
Data Name
Colour
Applicable
Modes
Remarks
Symbol Data Source

Cross Track Deviation
Colour:
Scale White
Bar - Magenta
NAV When NAV mode is selected,
indicates deviation from desired
track.
One dot is equal to 2 nm
Source: FMC

Glideslope Deviation
Scale
Colour:
Scale White
Bar - Magenta
ILS Displays glideslope deviation in
ILS mode.
One dot is approximately 0.35.
NCD in backcourse
Source: VHF NAV Unit

ADF Bearing Vectors
and Identifiers
Colour: Green
MAP
CTR MAP
Displayed when:
VOR/ADF selector on EFIS CP
is pushed, or
In ADF mode
Source: ADF RCVR

Left and Right ADF
Pointers
Colour: Green

Reciprocal Left and
Right ADF Pointers
Colour: Green
VOR
ILS
NAV
PLAN
Displayed in ADF mode and if
ON switch on ADF CP is on
Source: ADF RCVR
DME 13.5 DME Distance
Colour: White
VOR
ILS
Displays distance to tuned DME
station
Two resolutions:
Resolution 1: Whole nm if
distance >100 nm
Resolution 2: tenths of a
nautical mile if distance <100
nm
Source: DAA
VOR 1 (2) VOR
ILS 1 (2)
Selected Radio Nav
Source
Colour: Green
ILS
Displays selected Radio Nav
mode based on the EFIS CP
mode selection or frequency
from DAA
Radio Nav source is based on
source select programme pins
on EFIS SG
NAV FMC Selected
Colour: Green
NAV Display indicated source of NAV
DATA.
Source: FMC
110.10 ILS Frequency Display
Colour: Green
ILS Displayed when a valid ILS
frequency is being received

Data Name
Colour
Applicable
Modes
Remarks
Symbol Data Source
Source: DAA
116.80
or AUTO
VOR Frequency
Colour: Green
VOR The VOR frequency is displayed
when a valid VOR frequency is
manually tuned
The word AUTO is displayed
when the VOR frequency is
automatically tuned by the FMC
Source: DAA
TO (FROM) TO/FROM
Annunciator
Colour: White
VOR Indicates whether the selected
course will take the airplane TO
or FROM the selected VOR
station
Source: EFIS SG

Wind Direction and
Speed
Colour: White
MAP
CTR MAP
NAV
VOR
ILS
Indicates wind speed in knots
Wind direction is with respect to
the display reference (magnetic
or true north)
Displayed when wind speed is
6 knots
Source: FMC
Default: IRS

Waypoint and ID
Colour: White

MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Identifier listed below and right
of the standard waypoint
Source: FMC
BUGLE

Active Waypoint
Colour: Magenta
NAV Name of active waypoint
Source: FMC

Route
Colour: see right
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
The active route is displayed
with continuous MAGENTA
lines between waypoints
Inactive routes in CYAN with
long dashes between waypoints
Changes to the active route are
displayed in white dashes
between waypoints
When the route change is
executed on the CDU, the short
dashes are replaced with a
continuous magenta line
Source: FMC

Bearing to Waypoint
and Vector
Colour: Magenta
NAV Indicates bearing to active
waypoint
Source: FMC
27.5 NM Distance To Go MAP Distance to an active waypoint:

23-33

Data Name
Colour
Applicable
Modes
Remarks
Symbol Data Source
(DTOGO)
Colour: White
CTR MAP
PLAN
NAV
Resolution 1: Whole nm if
DTOGO >100 nm
Resolution 2: tenths of a
nautical mile if DTOGO <100
nm
Source: FMC
0834.4z ETA Display
Colour: White
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
NAV
Indicates time of arrival at an
active waypoint
Source: FMC

FMC/IRU Position
Difference
Colour: White
MAP
CTR MAP
NAV

The SG computes the position
difference between the FMC
and each IRU
If either position difference
>12 nm, the SG displays the
magnitude and direction of both
position differences
The position difference arrow
points to the IRU position
L or R indicates which IRS
present position the displayed
position difference corresponds
to.
;
KTEB
Airport and ID
Colour: Cyan
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Non-flight plan airports are
displayed when ARPT switch
selected
Source: FMC

Route Data
Colour: same as
waypoint symbol
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
ALT and ETA for active
waypoints (with ID) displayed
when route data switch on EFIS
CP is on
Source: FMC

Navaids and ID:
VOR
DME/TACAN
VORTAC
Colour:
Untuned Cyan
Tuned - Green
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Non-flight plan navaids
displayed when NAV AID switch
on EFIS CP on.
Source: FMC
Select course source: FCC or
MCP

Tuned Navaid and
Selected Course
Colour: Green
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
When navaid is manually tuned
Selected course and its
reciprocal are displayed
Source: FMC

23-34

Data Name
Colour
Applicable
Modes
Remarks
Symbol Data Source

Non-Flight Plan
Waypoint and ID
Colour: White
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Non-flight plan waypoints
displayed when WPT switch on
Source: FMC

Airport, Runway and
ID
Colour: White
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Selected on FMC CDU
Displayed when EHSI range is
80 nm, 160 nm or 320 nm
Source: FMC

Runway and ID
Colour: White
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Selected on FMC CDU
Displayed when EHSI range is
10 nm, 20 nm or 40 nm
Source: FMC

Holding Pattern
Colour:
Inactive Cyan
Active Magenta
Modified - White
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Displayed when a holding
pattern is selected as part of the
route
Source: FMC

North Up Pointer
Colour: Green
PLAN Display below track tape is
referenced to True North
Source: FMC

Vertical Deviation
Scale and Pointer
Colour:
Scale White
Pointer - Magenta
MAP
CTR MAP
NAV
Displays vertical deviation from
vertical profile during VNAV
descent mode
One dot equals 400 ft deviation
For deviation greater than 440 ft
pointer is at end of scale and, in
addition, a digital readout
appears below the scale if
airplane is above flight path.
If airplane is below flight path
digital readout is above scale
Source: FMC or ANCDU

Selected Reference
Point (SRP) With ID
and Radials
Colour: Green
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Displayed as a selected
reference point (fix) via the FMC
CDU
Can be with any number of
special map symbols (eg VOR,
VORTAC, Airport etc)
Source: FMC

Selected Reference
Point (SRP) With ID
and Distance Circle
Circle: Green
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Circle representing selected
distance displayed around SRP
Selected distance indicated
below circle
Source: FMC

23-35

Data Name
Colour
Applicable
Modes
Remarks
Symbol Data Source

Range to Altitude Arc
Colour: Green
MAP
CTR MAP
Curved arc represents the point
where MCP selected altitude will
be reached if current vertical
and lateral flight path angles are
maintained
Source: FMC
; T/D ; S/C
; T/C ; E/D
Altitude Profile Points
Colour: Green
MAP
CTR MAP
PLAN
Calculated by FMC
T/D Top of Descent
S/C Step Climb
T/C Top of Climb
E/D End of Descent
Source : FMC

Curved Trend Vector
Colour: White
MAP
CTR MAP
Segmented curve predicts the
directional trend
It is calculated by the SG
Based on present position,
groundspeed and cross track
acceleration
It shows the predicted position
at the end of 30, 60 and 90
seconds
The number of segments
represented:
Range >20 nm - 3 segments
Range 20 nm 2 segments
Range 10 nm 1 segment

Weather Radar
Returns
Colour: As for AWR
MAP
CTR MAP
EXP NAV
EXP VOR
EXP ILS
Multi-coloured returns are
presented when EFIS CP WXR
ON switch is pushed
Most intense areas are
displayed in red, turbulence in
magenta
Source: WXR XCVR
VAR/WX
VAR/WX +t
VAR/MAP
TEST
Weather Radar Mode
Colour: Green
MAP
CTR MAP
EXP NAV
EXP VOR
EXP ILS
Displayed when weather radar
is turned on
VAR/ is displayed when variable
gain is selected
Source: WXR XCVR
+12 Weather Radar
Antenna Tilt
Colour: Green
MAP
CTR MAP
EXP NAV
EXP VOR
EXP ILS
Displayed when weather radar
is turned on
Source: WXR XCVR

23-36

EHSI System Failure Flags and Annunciation Whenever specific input data to a symbol
generator is identified as invalid data, the associated symbol, or parameter value, is
blanked. In all cases flags and annunciations are in yellow.

Diagram 16

HDG The heading data has failed

Range Disagreement Annunciations Three sets of words can be used:

WXR RANGE DISAGREE Indicates that the selected range on the EFIS Control Panel
is different than the WXR display (as above)

MAP RANGE DISAGREE Indicates that the selected range on the EFIS Control Panel
is different than the MAP display range (see later diagrams)

WXR/MAP RANGE DISAGREE Indicates that the selected range on the EFIS Control Panel
is different than the MAP and WXR display range (see later
diagrams)

Weather Annunciations

WXR FAIL Indicates weather radar has failed (no weather data displayed)
WXR WEAK Indicates weather radar calibration fault
WXR ATT Indicates loss of attitude stabilization for antenna
WXR STAB Indicates weather radar stabilization is off

23-37

WXR DSPY Indicates loss of Display Unit cooling or an overheat condition of the HSI
Weather Radar display is blanked

VTK Vertical Track Flag indicates a failure of the FMC vertical track data

VOR or LOC Displayed if the EXP VOR/ILS mode is selected
XTK Cross track deviation flag displayed if EXP NAV Mode is selected

XXXXX Possible annunciations are:

RT
ANT
CONT
ATT
WEAK, and/or
STAB

Only when WXR TEST has failed

Diagram 17

23-38

Diagram 18

MAP Indicated if MAP Mode is selected

Diagram 19

23-39

VOR 1 VOR Flag indicates failure of a VOR Display on the EHSI. Displayed if the
MAP or CTR MAP Mode is selected and the VOR/ADF map switch is on

Diagram 20

EXCESS DATA The refresh rate of the MAP Display has dropped below limits. The
display may flicker at lower refresh rates.

Instrument Transfer Switching During normal operation, each pilots EFIS display
utilises independent IRS and SG inputs. The EFI Transfer switch determines the SG source
for both displays.

With the EFI transfer switch in the normal position the Number 1 SG provides
display symbols for the Captains EFIS displays, the Number 2 SG provides display
symbols for the First Officers EFIS displays.
If the EFI transfer switch is in the BOTH ON 1 position, both sets of displays utilise
the Number 1 SG
If the EFI transfer switch is in the BOTH ON 2 position, both sets of displays utilise
the Number 2 SG

The IRS transfer switch selects the IRS that supplies inputs to the respective SG as well as
other airplane systems.

With the IRS transfer switch in the normal position, the left IRS provides inputs to the
Number 1 SG and the right IRS provides inputs to the Number 2 SG
If the IRS transfer switch is positioned to BOTH ON L, the left IRS provides data to
both SGs

23-40

If the IRS transfer switch is positioned to BOTH ON R, the right IRS provides data to
both SGs

Light Sensing and Brightness Controls There are two sets of ambient light sensors
that automatically adjust the brightness of the EADI and EHSI displays. The Captains and
First Officers displays are independently adjusted. Two remote light sensors, located on the
instrument glare shield, adjust the brightness of the associated EADI and EHSI as a function
of the light coming through the forward windows. Two integral light sensors, located in the
EADI and EHSI instrument bezels, work in parallel to adjust the brightness of the EADI and
EHSI displays as a function of ambient light shining on the face of either display.

Manual adjustment of the display brightness, above and below the brightness level set by the
automatic system, is accomplished by adjusting the brightness controls on the associated
EFIS Control Panel.

23-41

Intentionally Left Blank

23-42

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Chapter 23.

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