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OC T OBE R 20, 2014
t i me . c o m
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2 time October 20, 2014
TIME (ISSN 0040-781X) is published weekly, except for two issues combined for one week in January, May, July, August, September and December, by Time Inc. Principal Ofce: Time & Life Building, Rockefeller Center, New York, NY 10020-1393.
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on the cover:
Photo-illustration
by Andrew B. Myers
for Time
4 R Conversation
BRIEFING
7 R Verbatim
8 R LightBox
Syrian Kurds search
for a safe place
10 R World
Air strikes against
ISIS continue; the
Olympics nobody
wants; ooding in the
south of France
12 R Spotlight
Facts about the
terrorist group
calledKhorasan
13 R Nation
High school football
tragedies; ballot-law
battles; Ferguson
remains restive
18 R Wellness
How men can ght
aging with exercise
21 R Milestones
Farewell to stage star
Marian Seldes
COMMENTARY
26 R The Curious
Capitalist
Rana Foroohar on
lending startups
28 R In the Arena
Joe Klein on the
cynicism of the
American voter
THE CULTURE
58 R Movies
Robert Duvall and
Robert Downey Jr.
face off in The Judge
61 R Reviews
Bill Murray buoys the
sappy St. Vincent; an
earnest new album
from Canadian indie
band Stars
62 R Television
Jane the Virgins
Gina Rodriguez is a
leading lady for the
mainstream
64 R Books
The ecstasy of
mixed martial arts
in Thrown; Walter
Isaacsons The
Innovators
68 R Pop Chart
Quick Talk with
The Walking Deads
Andrew Lincoln;
Twin Peaks returns
70 R The Awesome
Column
Joel Stein proclaims
his feminism
72 R 10 Questions
Actor Jennifer
Garner
vol. 184, no. 15
|
2014
A pro-democracy protester in Hong Kong in the hands of an anti-
demonstration crowd. Photograph by James Nachtwey for Time
FEATURES
30 Panic Goes Viral
To combat diseases like Ebola and
enterovirus D68, we must conquer our
fears by Jeffrey Kluger
36 The Paperless Classroom
Putting a computer in every students
hands will change life for parents and
teachers by Michael Scherer
40 Voices of Hong Kong
A new generation of pro-democracy
protesters speaks up Text by Emily Rauhala;
photographs by James Nachtwey
48 The New Fast Food
A best-selling food writer preaches his
practical approach to quick and healthy
home cooking by Mark Bittman
Robert Downey Jr.,
page 58
vw.com
Its hosted battle royales that have raged for years.
The Volkswagen Passat is built to withstand the endless rounds of
unsportsmanlike conduct it will face over the years. Because a
Passat isnt just a family car, its a Volkswagen. So you can be
condent that your Passat wont just know how this battle started,
but will be there when it nally ends. Volkswagen has more vehicles
on the road with over 100,000 miles than any other brand.
*

Thats the Power of German Engineering.
*2012 Passat shown. Your experience will vary and depends on many factors, including driving habits and vehicle maintenance/repairs. Global calculation of total vehicles
with over 100,000 miles per brand based on Wolfram Alpha (www.wolframalpha.com) average-mileage-per-year data and IHS Automotive: Polk global registrations of 2001
models and older in 49 countries, as of November 2013. 2014 Volkswagen of America, Inc.
4 time October 20, 2014
BEHIND THE STORY On Oct. 1, TIME and
Real Simple hosted the rst Women & Success
conference in New York City. A highlight: TIME editor
Nancy Gibbs interview with Senator Kirsten Gillibrand,
above left, in which they discussed everything from
her struggle to break into politics to why the Senator
cant stand the phrase having it all. I think its
insulting, Gillibrand told Gibbs. What are you having?
A party? Another slice of pie? For more on the event,
visit time.com/womenandsuccess.
NOW ON TIME.COM An interactive heat map
provided exclusively to Time by Twitter illustrates
the way the Ebola discussion shifted from Sept. 16 to
Oct. 6. Among the ndings: On the night of Oct. 1, a
day after news broke of the rst U.S. diagnosis, users
worldwide sent tweets mentioning Ebola at a rate of
6,000 per minute, compared with 100 per minute on
Sept. 19. See more at time.com/ebolamap.
Please recycle
this magazine and
remove inserts or
samples before
recycling
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Send a letter: TIME Magazine Letters, Time &
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Send an email:
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What You Said About ...
ON
TIME.COM
On Oct. 13, well
reveal our roundup
of the years most
inuential
teensspanning
music, politics,
business and more.
Here, a preview of
the list; see more at
time.com/
inuentialteens.
MONE
DAVIS, 13
Little League
wunderkind
JOSHUA
WONG, 17
Hong Kong activist
LORDE, 17
Multiplatinum singer
BETHANY
MOTA, 18
Budding YouTube
mogul
EBOLA Our Oct. 13 cover package on
the spread of the virus sparked an
anxiety-lled debate. Silas Mariano
of Oceanside, Calif., advocated
closing off travel between West
Africa and the U.S. We are not
chasing Ebola in the U.S., he wrote.
The President and CDC have welcomed it with
open borders and airports. Others disagreed. We
need to bring more people in from West Africa so
we can cure them, which in turn will snuff this
virus out, wrote Time.com reader aztecian. It is
NOT easily transmitted.
LEON PANETTA ON IRAQ In an exclusive article
adapted from his book Worthy Fights, the former De-
fense Secretary expressed frustration that President
Obama did not follow the advice he gave in 2011 to
maintain a presence in Iraq to prevent groups like
ISIS from taking root. The piece prompted strong
opinionsJonathan Allen of Bloomberg News
called it a pretty stunning condemnationand
some GOP gloating. On Twitter, Senator John Mc-
Cain wrote, Sec Panetta totally refutes falsehood
Pres Obama has told for yrs on residual force in
#Iraq. Now we face consequence. But many read-
ers defended the President. Trying to dump the ap-
pearance of ISIS on our President is totally unfair,
said Dorothy Neumann of Arlington, Va. Added
John Moore of Hendersonville, N.C.: The major im-
pediment to stability in Iraq was not the withdrawal
of U.S. troops but the continuation in ofce of Iraqs
Nouri al-Maliki.
CORNEL WEST In 10 Questions, the academic criti-
cized the President for committing war crimes
with drones and indicated that he didnt vote in the
2012 election. An indignant Scott Smith of West
Hollywood, Calif., responded, The difference be-
tween terrorists, who target innocent civilians, and
our military is that we try to avoid
such deaths. Janice Belsky of
Encino, Calif., wrote, West didnt
vote for anybody in 2012? What
sort of message does that send to
the black community?
Although Ebola
dominates the
conversation
in Liberia, the
majority of Ebola
tweets are sent
from the U.S.
SETTING THE RECORD STRAIGHT
A Milestones item on the birth of Charlotte Clinton
Mezvinsky (Oct. 13) incorrectly described Charlotte, N.C.
It is the states largest city.
Conversation
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REVOLUTIONARY COMFORT
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Briefing
$4,000
Price of the new Reinast
luxury toothbrush,
which is being marketed
to individuals with an
incredibly high net worth
American
values are
why this
countrys
support
for Israel
has been
unwavering.
JOSH EARNEST, White
House spokesman,
touting U.S. military
aid to Israel after
Israeli Prime Minister
Benjamin Netanyahu
said U.S. opposition to
settlements is against
American values
Miles (1,662 km) that Iranian
exile Reza Baluchi tried to travel
in a $45,000 hydropod; he
lasted less than a week at sea
before being rescued
JENNIFER
LAWRENCE, actor,
to Vanity Fair,
speaking for the rst
time about the nude
photos of her and
other celebrities that
were taken from
hacked accounts and
leaked in August
MEG WHITMAN,
Hewlett-Packard CEO, giving
career advice to high school girls at
Fortunes Most Powerful Women
Summit, after HP announced a
split into two separate companies
WHAT
MATTERS
MOST IS
YOUR
FAMILY.
TED OLSON, conservative lawyer
and gay-marriage supporter,
defending the Supreme Courts
Oct. 6 decision to let stand lower-
court rulings allowing same-sex
marriage in ve states but to avoid
deciding the issue nationally,
as advocates wanted
1,033
Sometimes
they act
by inaction.
Royals
Kansas City swept
the Angels to reach
baseballs ALCS
for the rst time
since 1985
Athletics
Oakland also lost
to the Royalsand
has lost every
winner-take-all
game under GM
Billy Beane
The training is just
PowerPoint.
DR. MOHAMMED BAH, director of a government hospital in Sierra Leone, describing
the lack of resources for the nursing staff amid West Africas Ebola outbreak
It is not a
scandal. It is
a sex crime.
219.97
sec.
Average amount of time a
customer waits in a drive-
through line in 2014, 40 sec.
more than in 2013
GOOD WEEK
BAD WEEK
THE WEEK
THE U.S. EBOLA
PATIENT DIED
Sources: Wall Street Journal; New York Times; ABC; Vanity Fair; AP; Gizmodo; ESPN; QSR Magazine
R
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(
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time October 20, 2014
LightBox
Brieng
FOR PI CTURES OF THE WEEK,
GO TO lightbox.time.com
Photograph by Bulent Kilic
AFP/Getty Images
An Uncertain Path
Syrian Kurds wait in Suruc, Turkey, after
crossing the border on Oct. 2 in the wake
of nearby mortar strikes. Militants from the
Islamic State of Iraq and Greater Syria are
threatening the Turkey-Syria border.
Brieng
World
KENYA
I chose not to put the
sovereignty of more
than 40 million
Kenyans on trial.
UHURU KENYATTA, President of Kenya, announcing in a televised address to Parliament
on Oct. 6 that he would temporarily step down to attend a hearing at the International
Criminal Court in the Hague; Kenyatta, who reiterated his innocence, faces charges of
crimes against humanity for inciting mass violence in the wake of Kenyas 2007 elections
Brieng
World
DATA
WHICH
COUNTRIES
ARE BEST FOR
THE ELDERLY?
Rights group
HelpAge
International
analyzed factors
such as pension
income and
life expectancy
to determine
quality of life in
96 countries. A
sampling of the
rankings:
A Border-Town Battle
Shows How ISIS Is
Evading the U.S.
A U.S.-led game of whack-a-mole
has been under way across much
of Syria and Iraq since the end of
Septemberand so far the moles
are winning. The most prominent
evidence was visible all too clearly
from nearby Turkey: the town of Ko-
bani, just inside Syria, appeared to
be falling to the Islamic State of Iraq
and Greater Syria (ISIS) despite a
stepped-up U.S. air campaign. Local
Kurds equipped with small arms
fought up to 9,000 jihadists outtted
with tanks and rockets. By Oct. 6,
Men watch smoke rise from Kobani
after the U.S.-led coalition bombed
ISIS targets in the city
ISISs black ags ew above an east-
ern neighborhood. Kurdish ofcials
warned that ISIS militants would
kill thousands if they prevailed.
The ght for Kobani will test
a U.S. strategy that at President
Obamas insistence has been limited
to air strikes, depending on uncer-
tain local allies on the ground to
do the actual ghting. U.S. ofcials
are angry that Turkey, a NATO ally,
has refused to do more to avert a
slaughter, largely because of its own
bloody history with the Kurds. A
delegation from Washington is
heading to Ankara to urge Turkey to
fully join the battle against ISIS.
The second piece of the U.S. strat-
egy involves training as many as
5,000 moderate Syrian rebels per
year to ght ISIS on the ground.
But thats a long-term gambit with
no guarantee of success, in part
because many of the rebels are more
interested in ghting their three-
year-old civil war against Syrian
strongman Bashar Assad than in
combatting ISIS.
ISIS has frustrated air strikes by
abandoning key outpostswhich
would be easier to hitand break-
ing into smaller units. The terror-
ists are also moving into civilian
areas they know the coalition wont
bombespecially without intel-
ligence from on-the-ground scouts.
Obama has refused to dispatch such
spotters as part of his ban on U.S.
ground troops in the conict.
ISISs success helps explain why,
on Oct. 5, the U.S. began deploying
AH-64 Apache helicopters against
the militants. The low-and-slow
gunship is better than a jet bomber
for attacking moving targets. But
helicopters are more vulnerable to
ground re than jets. ISIS recently
shot down a pair of Iraqi choppers,
killing all four pilots aboard. For a
President who wants to defeat ISIS
without ground forces, the options
are dwindling.
1
Norway
8
U.S.
48
China
96
Afghanistan
76
Venezuela
10 By Noah Rayman and Mark Thompson
Trending In
THE EXPLAINER
Why Nobody Wants to Host the
2022 Winter Olympics
Wrong Turn
FRANCE A wrecked car sits among the trees outside the city of Montpellier in southern France on Oct. 7. Record-setting
downpours caused heavy ooding and forced thousands of people to leave their homes, though no fatalities were reported.
The top-tier professional soccer team in Montpellier canceled its 40th-anniversary party and may have to relocate home
games after its stadium was partly submerged. Photograph by Guillaume HorcajueloEPA
FRANCE
Huge costs
Last years Winter
Olympics in
Sochi set Russia
back $51 billion,
exceptional even by
Olympic standards.
Vancouver, for
example, spent
$6.8 billion in 2010.
Brieng
DIPLOMACY
North and South
Korea agreed to
hold another round
of peace talks by
early November after
Hwang Pyong So,
below, North Koreas
presumptive No. 2
(behind leader Kim
Jong Un), made an
unexpected visit to
South Korea.
POLITICS
Pro-business
candidate Acio
Neves, who nished
a surprise second in
Brazils presidential
elections, is aiming
to unseat incumbent
Dilma Rousseff in the
runoff on Oct. 26.
PRANKS
Yoda, Chewbacca
and seven Darth
Vaders are
among names
submitted to run in
Ukraines Oct. 26
parliamentary
election. Theyre
with the Internet
Party, a group
known for its
theatrics and
evangelization of
technology.
Brieng
$1.3
The size of the
nancial lifeline
Walt Disney Co.
is providing Euro
Disney, which runs
Disneyland Paris. The
resort has struggled
to stay aoat amid
Europes economic
troubles
Limited payoff
London poured
$14 billion into its
2012 Summer
Olympics, but it
remains unclear how
much it wound up
beneting the city
economically in the
long runif at all.
Popular backlash
Some cities are
wary of citizen
reactions after
protests shook Brazil
last year in part over
the governments
lavish spending to
host the 2016
Summer Olympics.
Shady partner
The International
Olympic Committee,
which works with
the host to put
on the Games,
has been plagued
by allegations of
corruption and a
lack of transparency.
BILLION
Oslo withdrew its bid on Oct. 1, making it the fourth city in recent monthsafter
Stockholm; Lviv, Ukraine; and Krakow, Polandto have second thoughts about hosting
the Games. Beijing and Almaty, Kazakhstan, are the only remaining contenders.
SYRI A, FRANCE ( DI SNEY) , PRANKS, POLI TI CS: GET T Y I MAGES;
KENYA: AP; DI PLOMACY: EPA
Brieng
Spotlight
publicly identified for the
rst time in late September
when the U.S. launched air
strikes against its positions in
Syria, the Khorasan group was
working on an effort to attack
the U.S. or our allies, and look-
ing to do it very, very soon, ac-
cording to FBI Director James
Comey. As more information
emerges, we learn that it may
not be so new after all.
Why you
never heard
of them before
The group is tiny, perhaps a
couple dozen people, and until
President Obama targeted
it with cruise missiles on
Sept. 23, it had managed to
stay under the radar. Kho-
rasan did not tweet. It had
no YouTube channel. In the
constellation of armed groups
operating in Syria, it was the
dark star. Even today, its ac-
tual name remains unknown,
if it has one. Khorasan is the
label U.S. intelligence of-
cials say they agreed on, the
ancient name for a region that
includes parts of Afghanistan,
Turkmenistan and Iran and
that some say the Prophet
Muhammad predicted would
produce a triumphant army
under black ags.
Who they are
In two words: al-Qaeda. The
leader reported killed in the
strikes, Mohsin al-Fadhli, was
a senior al-Qaeda operative
who the U.S. says was one of
the few to know about the
9/11 attacks in advance. He
was likely dispatched to Syria
by al-Qaedas leader Ayman
al-Zawahiri in early 2013 to
negotiate an alliance between
al-Nusra Front, which is for-
mally aligned with al-Qaeda,
and ISIS, which began as
al-Qaeda in Iraq. Instead, the
groups ended up at odds, with
some al-Qaeda delegates join-
ing ISIS and al-Nusra shelter-
ing the rest.
Why they are
in Syria
Its safer there, for one thing.
Predator drones have made
Pakistans frontier a killing
ground, while Syria was a
place Obama had been long
reluctant to bomb. Syria is
also crowded with hun-
dreds of young jihadis from
Western countries who might
be recruited for the terror
attacks that remain al-Qaedas
Who Is
Khorasan?
Simple:
al-Qaeda
BY KARL VICK
priority. The ability to plot in
relative safety is a long-term
danger to us, says former
U.S. counterterrorism ofcial
Daniel Benjamin. I cant un-
derscore enough how critical
the safe-haven issue is.
How dangerous
are they?
Very, say experts. Syria offers
al-Qaeda not only the opera-
tional freedom it enjoyed in
Afghanistan before 9/11 but
also far easier access to the
West, by way of Turkey, a
transit-and-logistics route for
militant Islamists even before
Ankara turned a blind eye to
foreign ghters entering Syr-
ia. U.S. ofcials say explosives
experts from al-Qaedas busy
Yemen afliate were working
with Khorasan, attempting
to create a bomb that could
be slipped through airport se-
curity. Al-Fadhli had a record
of nancing terror projects
through wealthy donors
in the Gulf. Especially for
something small, one or two
or three of those, youre good
to go, says Matthew Levitt, a
former U.S. Treasury ofcial.
What might
be next
If the group was not undone
by the Sept. 23 strike,
such a chance is unlikely
to come again soon. The
Americans had both tactical
surprisecatching the mili-
tants in villas near the Turk-
ish borderand apparently
excellent intelligence, perhaps
gleaned from former captives,
says an individual involved in
hostage negotiations. Further
strikes may also risk driving
ISIS and al-Nusra together.
But with both the CIA and
al-Qaeda drawing down their
forces on the Pakistan border,
Syria looks more and more
like their new battleground.
Al-Nusra Front supporters protest U.S. strikes on fellow al-Qaeda group Khorasan
12 time October 20, 2014
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Nation
The ve-second
rule that
Ferguson, Mo.,
police enforced to
keep protesters
from remaining in
place on
downtown streets
was ruled
unconstitutional
by a federal judge
on Oct. 6. The
ruling, which
comes amid
lingering protests,
was a modest
victory for
demonstrators,
whose nightly
gatherings in the
mostly African-
American
St. Louis suburb
called attention to
the rash of police
shootings in black
communities.
Tensions continue
as a grand jury
weighs whether to
indict police
ofcer Darren
Wilson, who is
white, on murder
or manslaughter
charges for the
fatal Aug. 9
shooting of
Michael Brown. A
decision is
expected by early
November.
ALEX ALTMAN
PROTESTS
LITTLE PEACE
IN SIGHT FOR
FERGUSON
In Nobodys Playbook ree n|gn cnoo|
|oo||a|| ,|a,er c|e w||n|n a wee|
BY SEAN GREGORY
National Center for Catastrophic Sports Injury
Research at the University of North Carolina.
In a collision sport, the adolescent brain is at
particular risk. The electrical wiring is not yet
fully insulated, leaving it more vulnerable to
injury. The 16-year-old brain is still develop-
ing, says Robert Stern, professor of neurology
and neurosurgery at Boston University School of
Medicine. Its a vulnerable brain, in many cases
being struck by big, adult-sized bodies. High
school players also have weaker neck muscles
than college and pro players. Its the bobblehead
effect, says Jamsid Ghajar, professor of neurosur-
gery at Stanford University School of Medicine
and president of the Brain Trauma Foundation.
The whiplashing neck motion causes the jos-
tling of the brain that leads to concussions and
worse. Concussion rates in the high school game
are 78% higher than in college, according to the
Institute of Medicine.
Would you let your son play? That question
just gets tougher.
dozens of teenagers from suffolk county,
New York, donned football jerseys during the rst
weekend in October. If only they were headed to
a game.
Instead they attended a wake for one of their
own. Tom Cutinella, a junior offensive lineman
and linebacker for Shoreham Wading River High
School, died on Oct. 1, hours after colliding with
another player during a game. An ofcial cause
of death was not released, but police reported that
Cutinellawho was adored by his small, tight-
knit communityhad suffered a head injury.
Cutinella, 16, became the third high school
football player to die within a week. On Sept. 28,
Demario Harris of Troy, Ala., died two days after
making a tackle; on Facebook, Harris father
said his son had suffered a brain hemorrhage. In
North Carolina, Isaiah Langston, a linebacker for
Rolesville High School, died after collapsing dur-
ing pregame warm-ups on Sept. 26. Both were 17.
Eight high school football players died while
playing the game in 2013, according to the
Taking a knee Players fromrival Mount Sinai High in Suffolk County, NewYork, pay their respects to Cutinella
time October 20, 2014 13
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14 time October 20, 2014
HEALTH CARE Walmart will
drop health insurance for
30,000 part-time employees,
the company announced
on Oct. 7, joining the policy
of other major retailers.
Walmart said it had not
budgeted for the number of
part-timers seeking to enroll
in company coverage to fulll
their obligation to obtain
insurance as required by
the Affordable Care Act. The
Arkansas-based company
is the nations largest
private employer, with a U.S.
workforce of 1.3 million.
WORKPLACE
66%
The percentage of female
restaurant employees who
say they have been sexually
harassed by managers,
according to Restaurant
Opportunities Center United,
an advocacy group.
MARRIAGE The U.S. Supreme
Court gave sweeping de facto
approval to same-sex mar-
riage on Oct. 6 by declining
to review three appellate
decisions undoing state bans
on the unions. The calculated
inaction had the immediate
effect of lifting bans in 11
states and encouraging chal-
lenges in 20 others.
HOLIDAYS The
Seattle city council
voted on Oct. 6 to
observe Indigenous
Peoples Day instead of
Columbus Day, joining
Minneapolis and Berkeley,
Calif., in amending a tradition
deemed Eurocentric.
LONGEVITY
78.8
The number of years a baby
born in the U.S. in 2012 can
expect to live, according to
the CDC, a new record.
The Rundown
The Contest Behind the Election / |Jrr, o|
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BY MAYA RHODAN/BOONE, N.C.
the nov. 4 midterm elections are the
rst nationwide ballot since the U.S. Supreme
Court decided Shelby County v. Holder, which
freed some state legislatures to write voting
laws without the supervision of the Justice
Department. The ruling revived a debate cen-
tral to the civil rights era, when Southern
states frequently placed blatant obstacles in
the way of African-American voters.
And now? Democrats argue that the
changes many states have made in recent
years amount to a more subtle effort to sup-
press turnout among minorities and young
people. Republicans point out that voting
remains easier than almost ever before and
say strict voter-ID rules safeguard the integ-
rity of elections.
Both sides may turn out to be right: the
new laws could inadvertently boost turnout.
North Carolinas Republican legislature
passed the nations most sweeping restric-
tions, prompting a court challenge and talk of
a voter backlash. The mistake the extremists
in the state legislature made, says the Rev.
William Barber, president of the state NAACP,
is that their actions have energized people.
SOURCES: BRENNAN CENTER; FRONTLI NE; NCSL
VOTER-ID
REQUIREMENTS
Thirty-two states require
voters to present some
form of identication
before casting a ballot,
and at least six of the
voter-ID laws set to be
in place this election
can be considered strict
photo laws. The U.S.
Justice Department
sued over one such law
in place in Texas, saying
it violates the federal
Voting Rights Act.
VOTER-
REGISTRATION
LAWS
Several states have
passed changes to voter-
registration drives, but
new voter-registration
laws in North Carolina
and Kansas have been
singled out by critics
as unduly strict. North
Carolina is involved in a
battle over a 2013 voting
law that among other
things ended same-day
voter registration during
the early-voting period.
EARLY-VOTING
AND ABSENTEE
RESTRICTIONS
Voters in six states
face changes to early
and absentee voting
this electionincluding
Ohio, where the U.S.
Supreme Court was
asked to weigh in on
reductions to the early-
voting schedule. Despite
the cuts, voters in Ohio
began casting ballots
on Oct. 7a full month
before the general
election.
FELON VOTING
RIGHTS
Some states have
moved to restore voting
rights to those who have
served time, while others
have made it more
difcult for convicted
felons to vote. In Florida
and Iowa, felons voting
rights can be restored
after theyve completed
their sentence, parole or
probationbut in Florida
they must wait an extra
ve to seven years.
Changes at the
Ballot Box
TEXAS
A court will soon
decide the fate of
the Lone Star
States voter-ID law
OHIO
A time frame
known as golden
week was cut
from the states
early-voting period
WISCONSIN
Some 300,000
people dont
have the ID
required under
state law to
vote, advocates
warn
ARKANSAS
The state supreme
court heard oral
arguments on the
merits of the states
voter-ID law on Oct. 2
NORTH
CAROLINA
The Tar Heel States
voting law has
tightened the most
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andrew ng is holding still
as a co-worker carefully an-
gles an iPhone camera in front
of him. The app onscreen
shows the silhouette of a head,
and Ngs face lls the space in-
side. The two must be aligned
for the program to read his
features, decipher them and
retrieve a headshot of his near-
est celebrity look-alike from
the web. More often than not,
the app fetches a dead ringer.
This is more than a parlor
trick for Ph.Ds. Ng, 38, is work-
ing in one of the most contest-
ed and potentially lucrative
frontiers in tech: so-called
machine learning, or teaching
computers to teach them-
selves. The app Ng is toying
with is just one small dem-
onstration of its potential. As
everyone from automakers to
health care providers grapples
with the vast amounts of data
generatedby themselves,
by usmany engineers have
come to believe, like Ng, that
the only reasonable way to
avoid drowning in the deluge
is to build machines that can
train themselves to parse it.
Ive always thought you
can make computers more in-
telligent, free us up from a lot
of the more routine work, and
then we can spend our time
on more worthy pursuits,
says Ng. Articial intelligence
is also, he argues, the key to
dominating the next wave of
Internet businesses.
A race to build computers
that learn is already under
way. Google and Facebook
have gone on a hiring binge,
and talented grad students
as well as top professors have
grown accustomed to six- and
seven-gure salary offers from
big tech rms. In May, Ng who
Baidu is Google on growth
hormones. The company has a
virtual lock on its home coun-
trys 618 million Internet
usersmore than double the
number in the U.S. The major-
ity of those users run searches
Brain Builder
Creating the
worlds
smartest
ar|||c|a| m|nc
BY DAN KEDMEY
until earlier this year was a
Stanford University professor,
took over the research efforts
of another web giant: Baidu.
If Americans know the
name at all, it is likely as the
Google of China. In fact,
Innovation
Brieng
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Business
Business 1
Brainiac Ng has advanced
degrees from Carnegie
Mellon, MIT and Berkeley
Photographs by Ian Allen for TIME
Brieng
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Business
through Baidus servers, which
house one of the fastest-
growing data sets in the world.
(The rms version of Wikipe-
dia, for example, has nearly
double the number of articles
as the English-language ver-
sion.) If Baidus growth contin-
ues, it might soon possess one
of the most valuable informa-
tion reservoirs in history. We
dominate search, says CEO
Robin Li. But he argues that in
order to tap it for all its worth,
the company rst needs the
right mind.
ng, who grew up in singa-
pore before arriving in the U.S.
for graduate study, earned the
engineer equivalent of rock-
star status in 2012 when he cre-
ated a program dubbed Google
Brain. Using 16,000 computer
processors loaned to him by
the search giant, Ng and a
team of researchers created a
neural network, or articial
brain, that could watch You-
Tube videos and teach itself
distinctions onscreenthe
difference between a humans
face and a cats, for instance.
It may sound odd, but
Ngs work was a major break-
through. Neural networks are
computer programs that try to
understand the world in much
the way people do, in layers
from abstract to concrete. Feed
an image through one set of
the programs neurons and
it may recognize blobs of color.
In the next layer it may sort out
shapes, and so on, until it reach-
es complex concepts like a cats
maw. Ngs innovation was to
pack networks with enough
processing power to get drasti-
cally smarter over time.
Since Google Brain, similar
programs have been used to
improve more prosaic technol-
ogy. Google Search and Apples
Siri, for example, take spoken
commands with fewer mis-
understandings as a result of
Ngs research. Anything half
related to machine learning, if
I wanted it done, I would want
to hire him to do it, says Geof-
frey Gordon, a computer scien-
tist at Carnegie Mellon.
Now Ng is overseeing Bai-
dus international R&D efforts
from a brand-new, $300 mil-
lion research center in Sunny-
vale, Calif. Inside, ofce chairs
still have promotional tags
dangling beneath them ad-
vertising adjustable lumbar
support to workers who have
yet to arrive. Ngs plan is to ll
them with some 200 employ-
ees, many poached from Face-
book, Twitter, LinkedIn and
Google. Out of this half-vacant
ofce, Baidu has already prom-
ised breakthroughs that will
transform the world.
But Ngs new ofce has no
visible signs of a big articial
brain under construction.
There are no refrigerator-size
computers, no bundled cords
snaking across the oor.
Theres not even an employee
in a white lab coat. Just beige
carpets, white walls and
generic ofce plants. Squint
and you could almost mistake
Baidus cutting-edge lab for an
ofce of tax accountants.
The really cool equipment
is in Baidus Institute of Deep
Learning, on the fringes of
Beijing, where the company
is building one of the worlds
most sophisticated neural
networks. It will be kitted out
with 100 billion connections,
or 100 times as many synapses
as Google Brain. Ng and his
team of researchers can com-
mand its stacks of servers from
just about anywhere in the
world. From here, Ng will at-
tempt to feed Baidus ocean of
data across layers of neurons to
make image recognition sharp-
er, make voice dictation more
perceptive and, the company
hopes, make searching the web
about much more than typing
text into a blank box.
baidu isnt the first for-
eign company to pin its
hopes on absorbing some of
Silicon Valleys talent. Over
the years, many opened Bay
Area outposts with similar
expectationsoften with
mixed results. Samsung,
the massive Korean com-
petitor to Apple, is currently
building a 1.1 million-sq.-ft.
(102,000 sq m) research facil-
ity in downtown San Jose.
What makes Baidus foray
unique is that it has no plans
to launch products and ser-
vices in the U.S. The company
wants minds, not customers.
Still, recruitment in the
U.S. could be difcult. Baidu
will have to compete ercely
for a pool of talent that is
surprisingly shallow. Among
the vanguard of top thinkers
in this emerging eld, most
have already been recruited,
according to Michael Littman,
a computer-science professor
at Brown University.
There are also skeptics
about what neural networks
can really achieve. Theres
more to human intelligence
than just nding patterns,
says Ray Kurzweil, Googles
engineering director and
a well-known futurist. Ng
himself admits that he has at
times been skeptical, steering
students away from the idea.
Its easy to hype them up,
he says. Yet the potential of
Baidus brain has rered his
imagination. Ng is hesitant to
predict what one of the worlds
largest neural networks might
accomplish when it hums to
life. But one thing is clear: hes
no longer steering talented
young programmers away
from the idea.
THERES
MORE TO
HUMAN
INTELLIGENCE
THAN JUST
FINDING
PATTERNS.
RAY KURZWEIL, GOOGLE
Room with a view
Ng in Baidus
$300 million California
research center
Business 2 time October 20, 2014
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like pitchforks and placards
before them, smartphones should
be a powerful protest tool. But
when cell towers get overloaded
with trafc or governments decide
to restrict Internet access, theyre
as good as useless. Both have hap-
pened in the weeks since Sept. 27,
when protests broke out in Hong
Kong over Beijings decision to
vet candidates for upcoming elec-
tions. And yet phones have played
an integral part of the continuing
demonstrations.
The reason? FireChat, a smart-
phone app that allows users to
communicate even when they
cant get online or send texts.
FireChat directly connects users
to other nearby users who are
within 250 ft. (76 m) via Bluetooth
or local wi-. More people in range
can then join the chat, extending
the network. Protesters have been
using the app to coordinate and
support one anotherall without
an Internet connection.
In the two days after protests
broke out, some 200,000 people
in Hong Kong downloaded the
app, says Micha Benoliel, CEO of
Tech
Brieng
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Small Business
Business 4
Fire Starter
e a,, ne|,|ng
|Je| ,ro|e| aroJnc
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BY ALEX FITZPATRICK
OpenGarden, the company that
makes FireChat. It skyrocketed
to the top of the regions app-store
charts for both Apple iPhones and
Google Android devices. Open
Garden, a San Franciscobased
startup, was founded in 2011 and
has raised about $2 million since.
The company, which also offers
apps that make it easier to nd
open wi- networks, didnt create
FireChat specically for protesters.
The app is also used at crowded
public events such as music festi-
vals and football games.
But FireChats popularity
among protesters isnt a complete
surprise. The app was used by
Taiwanese protesters in March,
making it the latest in a long line
of technology that has helped
fuel political dissent. Irans 2009
GreenRevolution was dubbed
the Twitter Revolution thanks
to protesters organizing via the
microblogging site. And 2011s Oc-
cupy Wall Street movement had a
hashtag even before it was a real-
world street protest.
Still, FireChat isnt perfect.
The chat rooms are open, making
them easy to joinand monitor.
The company is currently working
on a version with more privacy
measures. If this application can
help in this way, its very aligned
with the mission of the company,
Benoliel says. We are very sup-
portive of whats happening here
in Hong Kong.
250 ft.
Users can enter
public chat rooms
to exchange
messagesbut
authorities could be
snooping there
The more people
who connect to the
local networks of
FireChat users, the
bigger that network
gets geographically
Users
download
FireChat on
their phones
If mobile
Internet isnt
working,
FireChat
connects
users via
local wi- or
Bluetooth
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Brieng
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New Energy
its easy to get gloomy about climate
change when melting sea ice has forced
35,000 walruses onto a skinny patch of
Alaskan shoreline. When the rst 13 years
of this century were among the 14 hot-
test years on recordand this year could
end up topping them all. When scientists
who have spent years issuing apocalyptic
warnings about epic droughts and rising
seas and irreversible tipping points keep
concluding that the situation is far worse
than they expected.
Its also easy to get gloomy about our
ability to reverse these terrifying trends.
World leaders keep holding climate sum-
mits where they jibber-jabber about the
plight of the planet and get nothing done.
In the U.S., the Republican Party opposes
climate action, as do many fossil-fuel-state
Democrats. Oil spills, superstorms and
other ads for the dangers of carbon have
not inspired us to rethink our daily energy
use; meanwhile, billions of people in de-
veloping nations yearn to match our daily
energy use. And the dream of a silver-
bullet substitute for fossil fuels has not
come true. The nuclear renaissance has
sputtered. The biofuels revolution hasnt
happened. Clean coal is still a mirage.
Its a bummer. The world is pumping
more and more carbon into an atmosphere
that cant handle too much more of it.
Fracking and other technologies are un-
locking more petroleum than ever before.
How will we break the cycle?
Actually, were already breaking it.
Were starting to decarbonize. The only
question is whether well do it fast enough
to avoid planetary catastrophewhich,
granted, is an important question. Im
not arguing for a dont-worry-be-happy
attitude. We should worry! But were not
doomed. The Stone Age didnt end because
we ran out of stones, and the carbon age
will end when alternatives are more attrac-
tive than carbon. The happy news is that
weve reached the beginning of that end.
How can we tell? The quick answer
is that the good stuff has gotten much
cheaper. Emissions-free wind and so-
lar are increasingly cost-competitive
with coal and now make up the major-
ity of the U.S.s new power-generating
capacity. LED lighting has reached a
tipping point, and other energy-saving
technologiesprogrammable thermo-
stats, superefcient windowsare going
mainstream. Battery prices are plunging,
which is why electric-vehicle sales are
doubling every year, while traditional
vehicles guzzle less gasoline. And govern-
ment policiesPresident Obamas new
carbon rules, carbon taxes in Sweden and
British Columbia, cap-and-trade regimes
in California and the E.U.are making
dirty energy more expensive, accelerating
the transition to cleaner alternatives.
Natural gas has also gotten cheaper,
which is not purely positive for the cli-
mate, since its a fossil fuel, but is mostly
positive, since it emits much less carbon
than coal. There are legitimate questions
about methane and other fracking issues,
but cheap gas is a big reason U.S. emissions
have fallen 10% since 2005. In the past
four years, one-third of U.S. coal plants
have been scheduled to close, and August
set a new record for retirements. Globally,
solar power has quadrupled since 2010.
The cheaper solar gets, the more it is de-
ployed, which further drives down prices,
which further accelerates deployment.
Ofcial energy forecasts suggest that
well still have a predominantly fossil-
fueled economy for decades to come. But
ofcial energy forecasts assume that
past performance dictates future results.
The world doesnt always work that way.
Weve managed to solve intractable prob-
lems like lthy rivers and smoggy air and
acid rain. Theres just as plausible a case
for optimism about the carbon problem,
in part because were screwed if we dont
solve it. The human race does a lot of stu-
pid things, but weve got a powerful incen-
tive to save the only planet that has pizza
and Yosemite and our children. The arc of
the logical universe is long and, hopefully,
bends toward common sense.
WERE STARTING TO
DECARBONIZE. THE
ONLY QUESTION IS
WHETHER WELL DO IT
FAST ENOUGH TO
AVOID CATASTROPHE
FOR MORE ON NEW
ENERGY GO TO
time.com/newenergy
Do Worry. But Be Happy.
We just might avoid a climate catastrophe
BY MICHAEL GRUNWALD
Lost habitat Herds of walruses
retreat to land after the sea ice they
depended on turned to slush
Business 6
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LETS KEEP THE LIGHTS
ON WHEN SHES YOUR AGE.
What sort of world will this little girl grow up in? Many experts agree that it will be a considerably more
energy-hungry one. There are already seven billion people on our planet. And the forecast is that there
will be around two billion more by 2050. So if were going to keep the lights on for her, we will need to
look at every possible energy source. At Shell were exploring a broad mix of energies. Were making our
fuels and lubricants more advanced and more efcient than before. With our partner in Brazil, were also
producing ethanol, a biofuel made from renewable sugar cane. And were delivering natural gas to more
than 40 countries around the world. When used to generate electricity, natural gas emits around half the
CO2 of coal. Lets broaden the worlds energy mix. www.youtube.com/shellletsgo
LETS GO.
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Brieng
women have been told for decades to take care of their bones as they age, but men have
new reason to follow suit. A study from the International Osteoporosis Foundation reveals that a third of
all hip fractures occur in menwho are twice as likely as women to die afterward. Muscle mass, which
helps strengthen and support bones, dwindles naturally as the body ages. The upside is that muscles can
come back, says John P. Porcari, a professor of exercise and sports science at the University of Wisconsin
at La Crosse. Porcari, who has studied tness extensively, recommends these six simple moves.
Age-Proof Your Muscles
New research pinpoints the ideal moves
to protect the male body as it ages
BY MANDY OAKLANDER
Wellness
SHOULDERS
Fifty to 60 percent of
men will get shoulder
injuries in their life-
time, Porcari says.
Prevent injuries by
building strength. His
groups recent study
found that the dumb-
bell shoulder press
was the No. 1 move
for working the front
part of the shoulders.
CHEST
Left alone, pectoral
muscles will sink
with age, but you can
chisel them back
with the humble
push-up. Youll get a
better physique and
better muscle mass,
Porcari says. Start
with wall push-ups,
then move to knees,
then to fully extended
push-ups.
CORE AND ABS
A 2013 ACE-
sponsored study
found that kettlebell
classes led to 70%
more core strength
than training without
them. If you prefer
to forgo equipment,
an April study found
that the traditional
crunch activated
more muscle than
any ab device tested.
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18 time October 20, 2014
ARMS
Upper-body strength
is often the rst to
go as we age, Porcari
says. But a study
he worked on this
year, commissioned
by the American
Council on Exercise
(ACE), found that
concentration curls
are best for building
the biceps.
BACK
Men tend to be less
exible than women
and carry more
abdominal weight,
which can strain the
lower back. Support
your spine with the
15-second superman.
LOWER BODY
Build thigh and back-
side mass, which
tends to sag as you
age, with lunges
(ideally done with
a dumbbell in each
hand). Lunges work
the hamstrings and
gluteus medius more
than squats, a recent
study found.

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Seldes, who died Oct. 6 at age 86, was a Tony Award winner
Milestones
Brieng
time October 20, 2014 21
DIED
Marian Seldes
Star of stage and screen
By Angela Lansbury
Marian Seldes was mad for the color mauve. When you visited her apart-
ment, the owers were always mauve. People knew it; they wouldnt think
of sending her anything else. It seemed to give her condence and security.
I rst worked with Marian in a 2007 Terrence McNally play called
Deuce, in which we played former tennis partners reunited at the U.S.
Open. Whatever eccentricities she had for color preference, she was an
extraordinary tour de force onstage.
She lived and breathed the theater. Elected to the Theatre Hall of Fame
in 1995, she had several great successes, among them Edward Albees
Three Tall Women. Not only was she a revered actress; she was also a teach-
er at Juilliard, adored by her young students.
I remember on the rst night of Deuce, I gave her a mauve necklace
that was amethyst. She loved it. And she wore it, and wore it, and wore it.
Lansbury is a Golden Globe and Tony Awardwinning actress
DIED
Jerrie Mock, 88,
the rst woman to
circumnavigate the
globe as a solo pilot.
She accomplished
the feat in 1964, 27
years after Amelia
Earhart disappeared
over the Pacic
Ocean.
STRUCK
A deal to sell the
iconic Waldorf Astoria
hotel in New York
City, to a Chinese
insurance company
for $1.95 billion. It
would be the most
expensive purchase
of a hotel in the U.S.
DIED
Former Haitian dic-
tator Jean-Claude
Baby Doc Duvalier,
63, in Port-au-Prince.
He ruled in the brutal
style of his father
Papa
Doc
and
lived 25
years in
exile in
France.
SUED
The U.S. government,
by Twitter, over the
right to disclose
information about
authorities requests
for user data. Tech
companies are
currently restricted in
how they can share
that information.
DIED
U.S. airmen, after
Typhoon Phanfone hit
Kadena Air Base in
Japan, washing three
of them to sea. Two
bodies have been
recovered and a third
remains missing. One
of the deceased was
identied as Senior
Master Sergeant
James Swartz.
DOUBLED
The number of deaths
by heroin overdose in
28 states, from 1,779
deaths in 2010 to
3,635 in 2012.
WON
Nobel Prize
Discoverers of
brains GPS
How do our brains know whether
were in an ofce or lounging on
a beach?
We have the winners of
this years Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine to thank
for identifying the brain cells
that function as our inner GPS
system. John OKeefe, May-
Britt Moser and Edvard Moser
received the award on Oct. 6 for
discovering that the brain works
like a satellite, pinpointing the
cells that beam signals for
triangulating our location. In
1971, OKeefe identied place
cells in the hippocampus of
rats that were active when
the animals moved to specic
locations. Those nerves oriented
the brain in spacethe cage,
for example, or in humans
cases, our homes.
The Mosers, a husband-
and-wife team, found another
group of nerve cells that pool
such place information into
coordinates that map precise
locationsthe left corner of
the cage or the sofa in the
living room. It takes these cells
working together to allow us to
know where we are.
Another three scientists
won the Nobel Prize in Physics
for the invention of blue light-
emitting diodes, or LEDs, a more
energy-efcient lighting source.
And three others won the
Chemistry prize for improving
microscopes to see ner detail
than before. ALICE PARK
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you know credit is tight when
the former chair of the Federal Re-
serve cant get a mortgage. Ben Ber-
nanke, who isnt exactly hard up (he
reportedly makes at least $200,000 a
speech), recently lamented that he wasnt able to re-
nance his home because of tight credit conditions.
This is an inglorious reminder that the housing re-
covery is being driven not by rst-time home buyers
or people who want to trade up but by wealthy peo-
ple who dont need a loan. Since most middle-class
Americans still hold most of their wealth as equity
in their homes, we wont achieve a sustainable re-
covery until we x the housing market.
Banks would say the difcult credit conditions
reect the higher costs of complying with new
regulations like Dodd-Frank. Theres some truth
to that but not enough to justify turning down
nearly any borrower who cant put down 30% cash
on a house. A more accurate explanation is that
home-mortgage lending isnt nearly as protable
as securities trading, which is where big banks
still make much of their money these days. And so,
hidden in the sluggish housing recovery is another
revolution: American banks continue to morph
into investment houses in ways that could ulti-
mately put our nancial system at risk.
R
ather than bemoan this, i am encouraged
by some of the innovative companies trying
take advantage of these shifts. A whole new
category of nontraditional lenders is springing up
to take traditional bankings place. Nonbank -
nancial rms, a category that includes everything
from companies like Detroit-based Quicken Loans
to peer-to-peer lenders like the Lending Club, are
growing exponentially. (Peer-to-peer lending is the
relatively new practice of lending money to unre-
lated individuals without going through a tradi-
tional intermediary like a bank.) This category of
nonbank banks is taking up a lot of the slack left by
traditional banks in the aftermath of the nancial
crisis. During the rst half of this year, almost a
quarter of mortgages made by the top 30 lenders
came from nonbank rms, the highest level since
the nancial crisis began.
Many of these lenders use unconventional met-
rics to judge how creditworthy borrowers really
are. Theyre focusing not just on borrowers sal-
ary and tax returns, which are the basis of most
traditional mortgage-lending calculations, but
also on their eld of work, what kind of degree pro-
gram they are in or what their potential income
trajectory might be.
Such metrics enable these lenders to take on
risks that traditional banks now shun. Theres
a misperception out there that millennials dont
want to buy a home, explains Mike Cagney, CEO
of Social Finance, a company that has already
done over $1 billion in crowdsourced student-loan
renancing and is now pushing into the online
mortgage market. But the reality is that they
dont have the credit to do it. Cagney says many of
his initial mortgage borrowers mirror the prole
of the customers to whom he gives reduced-rate
student loansupwardly mobile young profes-
sionals, many with degrees from top schools, who
have bright futures in high-income professions but
little cash in the bank. Particularly on the coasts,
where real estate prices are high, it is nearly im-
possible for a young person to buy a home with a
traditional credit prole.
O
f course, its not only upwardly mobile
future members of the 1% who deserve a
break on credit. Research shows that many
low-income borrowers with steady jobs are much
better credit risks than they look like on paper. One
University of North Carolina study found that even
poor buyers could be better-than-average credit
risks if judged on metrics other than how much
cash they have on hand. Thats not to say we should
have runaway borrowing as we did in the run-up to
2008, but credit standards are still very tight relative
to historical averages.
Nontraditional lending has already shown there
is an alternative to the not-very-public-minded
banking system we have in place now. That raises
the question, Why should big banks whose prima-
ry business model is no longer consumer lending
be government-insured in the rst place? (Many
would argue that the bailout guarantee implicit in
such insurance was the reason the too-big-to-fail
institutions were able to leverage up and cause the
subprime crisis in the rst place.) Perhaps the safest
thing would be for banking as a whole to go back to
a model in which institutions simply keep a lot more
cash on hand, or have unlimited liability as a hedge
against risk taking? Who knows? That might make
mortgage lending look good again.
CANT
GET A
BREAK
Banking by Another Name
Traditional lenders arent doing their job.
Ln|er a ra| o| |ar|J, |o co || |or |nem
ExFed chief
Ben Bernanke
on the tight
credit market
I recently tried
to renance
my mortgage,
and I was
unsuccessful in
doing so.
26 time October 20, 2014
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Rana Foroohar
COMMENTARY / THE CURIOUS CAPITALIST
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Altogether proving that the ner things dont always have to be so nite.
how do you feel about the fed-
eral government buying tons of am-
munition for the post ofce in order
to raise the price of ammo for gun
owners? was the rst question I got
at a town meeting in Shreveport, La. Kevin and Lois
Martello, a dentist and speech therapist, respec-
tively, had put together a group of 15 friends and
neighbors to talk politics, and it was pretty intense
from the start. I asked Lee Foshee, who had raised
the post-ofce question, where hed heard that. He
told me he had several sources. One of them may
have been the right-wing Breitbart website, I later
learned, which has been tracking ammo sales to
federal agencies. Breitbart didnt mention the price-
raising strategy, but Bill Kostelka, a certied public
accountant, conrmed that hed had to stand in line
to buy .22-caliber rounds recently. (For the record:
the U.S. Postal Inspection Service is armed and
needs ammo from time to time.)
I
ts hard to know what to believe, said lois
Martello, the host, who seemed as nonplussed
by the post-ofce-ammo conspiracy as I was. She
and her husband were a bit more moderate than
some of their friends. Especially in the election
season, she continued, when all the ads are on
the air. But even on the news, its hard to tell whats
real. I was tempted to defend my profession, but
we seemed to be in a full-edged American Mo-
ment, and I didnt want to kill the buzz. Anyway,
Kevin Martello, Lois husband, tried to take the
conversation in a different direction, he said. I
dont know about you, but Im pretty concerned
that the top 1% of the population controls 40% of
the wealth in this country.
There were a couple of head nods but not much
commentary. There was more concern about gov-
ernment waste than about unseen wealth. Indeed,
another chorus of consternation ensued, this time
about food stamps. Waylon Bates, the principal
of the local middle school, said hed seen people
buying T-bone steaks and giant bottles of orange
soda with government scrip. Others said theyd
seen the very same thing. And Foshee said hed
seen long lines at a combination liquor store and
check-cashing placea ne establishment, no
doubton the day the Social Security disability
checks came out each month.
I have heard the T-bone steak and orange-soda
riff a number of times on road trips in recent years.
It is always T-bone steaks. Sometimes its dog food
too. Is it true? Maybe so; there are food-stamp
abuses, no doubt. Or maybe it happened once,
someone saw it, and the story spread, sprayed into
the atmosphere by talk radio. It is now an urban
(and rural) legend. The food-stamp stories mix
with more purposeful fantasies spread by inter-
est groups, like the National Rie Associations
constant spew that the government wants to
take away your guns rather than merely regu-
late their use. And then there are the immigrant
stories: Kostelka heard about a carload of Mexi-
cans stopped by the local police without drivers
licenses or proof of residency. And they were
given a ne and set free, he said. True, no doubt,
but incomplete: fewer would-be immigrants have
been crossing the border in recent years, and the
Obama Administration has been sending record
numbers back home.
D
emocrats are swimming against the pre-
vailing cynicism as they attempt to retain
the Senate this year. Across the South, their
candidates are placing a heavy bet on womens is-
sues, especially equal pay, and education. In some
places, like North Carolina, where a traditional
emphasis on education spending has been violated
by the Republican state legislature, they have a
chance to win. In Louisiana, where Senator Mary
Landrieu is facing a virtual candidate named Bill
Cassidylocal reporters claim they cant nd the
guy, and I couldnt eitherthe incumbent is facing
a real hurdle. The hurdle is Barack Obama, about
whom the crazy rumors arestill!thick, and the
ads are constant: each of the incumbent Democratic
Senators running in the Southern states I visited
has voted with the President more than 90% of the
time. That is one thing every voter who enters the
polls will know next month.
There is also an undercurrent of fearabout ISIS
and Ebolathat does not help the Democrats. Most
of the people I talked with dont think this federal
government is competent to handle anything. And
there is an undercurrent of exhaustion, especially
among Democrats who have talked themselves silly
trying to dispel the rumor fog that has engulfed po-
litical discourse. These are stories that stick in the
mind and rot the body politic. They are a dominant
political currency, and not just in the South.
UPHILL FOR
SOUTHERN
SENATE DEMS
6
Percentage points
by which two-term
Democratic Senator
Mary Landrieu trails
her Republican
opponent Bill
Cassidy, according
to a recent CBS poll
4
Percentage points
by which incumbent
Arkansas Senator
Mark Pryor, a
Democrat, trails
his Republican
opponent Tom
Cotton, according to
a recent CBS poll
A Troubled American Moment
As conspiracy theories abound, voters
are uncertain about what to believe
28 time October 20, 2014
TO READ JOES
BLOG POSTS, GO TO
time.com/swampland
Joe Klein
COMMENTARY / IN THE ARENA
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Photograph by Jim Young
Bearing witness Neighbors
watch as a biohazard team
cleans the apartment where
the Dallas Ebola victim stayed
FEAR
FACTOR
Two viruses have created an epidemic of anxiety
about deadly infections in America. Heres how managing
fear can give us an edge over disease
By Jeffrey Kluger
MEDICINE
32
MEDICINE | PUBLIC HEALTH
Secure, told Bloomberg News that its sales
had spiked several hundred percent.
Social media, no surprise, have fed
the blaze. Searches on Google related to
the virusincluding Ebola que es and
Ebola outbreakare up 1,000% this
year. On Oct. 1, the day after Duncans ill-
ness was announced, online chatter men-
tioning Ebola peaked at 6,200 tweets per
minute, compared with 100 tweets per
minute before the announcement. Few of
those posts are sharing the reassuring
and accuratenews that Ebola is hard to
catch, is not an airborne virus and can be
transmitted only by direct contact with
the bodily uids of an infected and symp-
tomatic person.
Instead, they are 140-character rumors
and horror stories. Public-health ofcials
have thus had to scramble to refute claims
that Ebola had broken out in Iowa (it
hadnt) and in New Jersey, after a passen-
ger on a Newark-bound plane vomiteda
symptom of Ebola, yes, but in this case sim-
ply a sign of an upset stomach.
mi si nformation spreads through
societies in much the same way diseases
do, and its not just for ironys sake that re-
searchers use the word infected to describe
the rumormongers who are exacerbating
the problem. We have millions and mil-
lions of people on these social networks,
says Ceren Budak, who studies online
communications at Microsoft Research.
Most of them in certain cases are not
going to have reliable information, but
theyre still going to keep talking.
In the center of the storm, the residents
of the Vickery Meadow neighborhood in
Dallasa community of Liberians and
other immigrantsare suffering in
their own way. Rocks were thrown at the
apartment complex where Duncan had
stayedand where his family members
were quarantined before being moved to
a townhouse nearby. Medical clinics, food
pantries and after-school tutoring centers
have gone begging for the volunteers who
usually make up the staff, as outsiders
shun the communitygiving the people
living there a second cause for worry.
Theyre not just scared about getting
Ebola, says Matt Karwowski, a contact
shows itself in a lot of waysnone of
them terribly pretty. Its when reason gets
shouted down and shown from the room,
when we quit being governed by what
we know and instead by what we fear.
Its what America has been experiencing
since Sept. 30, when news broke that the
rst Ebola case had been diagnosed in the
U.S. The countrys nerves were already
jangled by the continuing spread of entero-
virus D68 (EV-D68), a ulike disease that
has infected 664 peoplemost of them
childrenin 45 states so far and the Dis-
trict of Columbia. It has killed one 4-year-
old New Jersey boy.
That disease is arguably the bigger
threat on U.S. soil, but its Ebola that
knocked us silly. Contagion has a way of
doing that. The enemy is not just among
us; its potentially invisibly within us
the most primal violation of all. Until re-
cently, Ebola had a comforting, faraway
otherness about it. But with confirma-
tion of a diagnosis and, later, death in the
U.S.and lets be clear, its the only such
case so farEbola has gone from being a
thing of there to a thing of here.
One case has transformed the way
we think about Ebola, says Jane Risen,
a behavioral scientist at the University
of Chicago Booth School of Business.
It switched it from being impossible
to possible.
It doesnt help that the victim, Thomas
Eric Duncan, who died on Oct. 8, grew ill in
Dallas after arriving from Liberia to visit
his family, mainlining the disease straight
to the heart of America. It doesnt help ei-
ther that Ebola is so sublimely awful. A dis-
ease that causes the very viscera to break
down and bleed out is not the kind of thing
that encourages rational thought. And so,
accordingly, we have reacted irrationally,
with ripples in many directions.
Airline stocks have tumbled on fears
that international travel is a deadly risk.
Attendance at Dallas schools fell 10% af-
ter parents began keeping kids home. Em-
ployees at a day-care center half a continent
away on New Yorks Staten Island have be-
gun wearing latex gloves because many
of the students are members of a Liberian
community. Sales of hand sanitizers, sur-
gical masks and other biohazard gear are
soaring, according to online retailers. One
of them, the reassuringly named Life-
In Texas
After working to decontaminate the
apartment where the Dallas Ebola
patient stayed, hazmat crew members
disinfect each other
Panic
Thomas Eric Duncan
died of Ebola eight
days after doctors
diagnosed him
time October 20, 2014 33
None of this, the epidemiologists know,
will do much to address the ostensible
goal, which is to control the disease, stop
its spread to the rest of the world and get
help to the people who are stricken al-
ready. But none of it comes from the part
of the human mind that is equipped to do
such cool, focused, deliberate work any-
way. It comes instead from the part where
fear and suspicion and irrationality live.
Putting the disease back in its box requires
doing the same to our worst impulses rst.
there is no good time for a disease
like Ebola to strike, but in the U.S., the
moment seems especially bad. Diseases
largely eradicated heremeasles, mumps,
whooping coughare suddenly reappear-
ing, viral brush res that could be easily
eliminated if all parents vaccinated their
kids. The SARS outbreak of 2003 and the
swine-u scare of 2009 have sensitized
us to the threat of emerging pandemics.
Then came the enterovirus, and then
Ebolaliterally a murderers row of bugs.
For years weve been prepped for this
kind of anxiety by public-health ofcials
and the media, says Philip Alcabes, a
professor of public health at Adelphi Uni-
versity and the author of Dread: How Fear
and Fantasy Have Fueled Epidemics From the
Black Plague to Avian Flu. We hear about
pandemics, so in some cases people cant
be blamed for thinking that Ebola is
that thing.
In the more toxic provinces of the Inter-
net, racial and cultural animus emergesa
common theme in times of epidemics. It
showed itself during the Black Death in the
14thcentury, which Europeans blamed on
astronomical or climate events. But since
its hard to get angry at the stars or the
skies, they blamed the Jews too and set
about attacking their villages.
It happened again in the 1800s, when
cholera hit New York City and Philip Hone,
a former mayor, blamed Irish and German
immigrantslthy, intemperate, unused
to the comforts of life and regardless of its
proprietiesfor such outbreaks. It hap-
pened in 2009, when the swine-u out-
break led to the familiar seal-the-border
refrain, the ineffective cure that is so often
recommended for whatever ails us.
Kurt Gray, an assistant professor of
psychology at the University of North
Carolina at Chapel Hill, attributes the
problem to what he calls dyadic comple-
tion, a term that sounds overwrought and
overthought when people are panicking
over a fatal disease but one that explains a
lot. We think of evil involving a dyada
villain and a victim, he says. So when
we have a victim, were looking for an evil
entity to blame for the suffering.
Its this kind of thing that led evangeli-
cal pastor Pat Robertson to lay blame for the
2010 Haitian earthquake on a pact to the
devil that the Haitians had struck and led
former New Orleans mayor Ray Nagin to
argue that Hurricane Katrina was in part
divine retribution for U.S. intervention
in Iraq. Its also, Gray says, what explains
why, after a swarm of locusts destroyed a
years crops in France in the Middle Ages,
ofcials put the locusts on trialbecause
what else was there to do?
This happens all the time across a
host of kinds of suffering, he says. A vi-
rus doesnt have a mind that would allow
it to choose to do harm, so when it comes
to Ebola, we blame the outsider instead.
putting a brake on those base behav-
iors can be achieved, but it takes effort.
Social psychologists see value in not even
trying to make people think more rational-
ly about risk without rst acknowledging
their fearespecially in the case of Ebola.
Its not crazy to worry, Alcabes says. Its a
scary infection. So many people die.
Barbara Reynolds, director of the
tracer for the U.S. Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC). Theyre
scared about how theyre perceived by the
community, what its going to be like to
re-enter the community when its all over.
As so often happens, some elected
leaders are making matters worse, see-
ing a crack of political daylight and rush-
ing to take advantage of it. Could we
have a worldwide pandemic? Kentucky
Senator Rand Paul wondered aloud in an
interview with Breitbart News. Louisiana
Governor Bobby Jindal and Texas Senator
Ted Cruzwho, like Paul, are potential
members of the GOPs 2016 presidential
fieldraised the prospect of limits on
travel to and from Sierra Leone, Liberia
and Guinea, the three nations hardest hit
by Ebola. Its a move Paul endorses too and
one that CDC director Dr. Tom Frieden
says is exactly the wrong thing to do, since
it would make it harder for medical teams
and supplies to get to and from the region.
President Obama, likely sensing vul-
nerability on the issue, ordered stepped-
up Ebola screening at airports in both the
U.S. and West Africa. That will include
taking the temperature of all passengers
arriving from the African disease zonea
move that might calm nerves but would
reveal nothing about any infected people
in the symptom-free incubation phase.
With Spain now reporting its rst case of
Ebola, in a nurse who had been caring for
a patient with the disease, points of embar-
kation in Western Europe could come in
for more scrutiny too.
In New Jersey
Triplets Eli, Sydney and Ava
Waller on their fourth birthday;
Eli was the rst person to die
fromEV-D68
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MEDICINE | PUBLIC HEALTH
CDCs public-affairs division, put together
a public-messaging protocol during the
avian-u outbreak that stresses an I-feel-
your-pain approach. I had to throw out
all the paternalism that comes when
we are trying to make sure people dont
panic, she says. The message isnt going
to get through if you dont rst say, We
get it.
Sometimes fear is not only understand-
able; its also actually useful. Frieden
doesnt mind if members of his Ebola team
remain a little spooked by the disease. We
want them to be scared, he said during a
news conference. We want them to chan-
nel that fear into being incredibly meticu-
lous about infection control.
Pushing back in the information wars
can help too. Obamas team has constant-
ly reassured the public that the govern-
ment will stop the disease in its tracks, a
phrase that has enjoyed its own viral spread
throughout the White House. The CDC is
taking the ght to Twitter. One tweet that
included an illustration of how the disease
can and cannot be spread was retweeted
more than 4,200 times, and the agency
gained almost 5,000 new followers on the
day after Duncans diagnosis.
Sometimes simple compassion can
help too. In Dallas County, Judge Clay
Jenkins has been assigned the job of over-
seeing the governments response to the
Duncan case. He conspicuously wore no
biohazard gear when he entered the apart-
ment in which Duncan and his family
had been living. He also drove the fam-
ily, which is being monitored twice daily
in quarantine for signs of infection, to its
new quarters himself and appeared imme-
diately afterward before the press.
Im wearing the same shirt I was when
I was in the car for 45 minutes with that
family, he said. If there was any risk, I
wouldnt expose myself or my family.
Somewhere in Jenkins brain the same
panic circuits that all humans have surely
went off, at least briey. Yet he overcame
them with reason and with a knowledge
of how Ebola behaves. And he soldiered on.
Its not entirely our fault if we fail to do
the same. Millions of years of behavioral
wiring tell us to be afraid. But its entirely
to our credit if we rise above our fears.
An epidemic, approached in the right
way, can sometimes be an opportunity
to cure more than just a disease. with
reporting by denver nicks/dallas,
alex altman/washington and victor
luckerson, alice park and alexandra
sifferlin/new york city
Mary Mallon, immune
to the typhoid bacillus,
carries the illness
and directly infects
51 people during her
lifetime. Known as
Typhoid Mary, she
is quarantined from
1907 to 1910 and
from 1915 until her
death in 1938.
The Spanish u
breaks out in the
U.S. Cities like
New York, which
closed schools
and isolated the
sick, had lower
death rates than
those that didnt
impose such
measures.
Federal
authorities
incarcerate
more than
30,000
suspected
prostitutes
near U.S.
military bases
during World
War I in an
effort to curb
the spread
of venereal
disease. Most
women are held
for 10 weeks.
1907 1918 1918
HOW THE TWO DISEASES DIFFER
On Oct. 1, Texas health ofcials issued orders of quarantine to four
people whod had contact with Thomas Eric Duncan after he was
diagnosed with Ebola. When Duncan died the morning of Oct. 8.,
those four remained quarantined. For many Americans, this raised the
question of who has the legal authority to monitor their movement and
human contact, restricting the liberty of presumably innocent people.
Under Section 361 of the Public Health Service Act, the Secretary of
Health and Human Services is authorized to take measures to prevent
the spread of communicable diseases between states and from outside
the country. The CDC is responsible for carrying out these functions.
Isolation and quarantine can also be imposed by states under their
police-power functions, but in the event that states powers arent
sufcient to stem the spread of a disease, the federal government can
step in.
Isolating the illor the potentially illunder hospital authority is
another way to contain bugs, as health ofcials did in an Indiana hospital
in September when they placed a girl with enterovirus, possibly the strain
known as EV-D68, in isolation. Heres a look at how that works.
A TALE OF TWO VIRUSES
Ebola and enterovirus D68 have Americans on edge.
Heres how the government is trying to contain them
By Emily Barone and Tessa Berenson
TRANSMISSION
Throughout U.S.
history, to contain
the spread of
viruses, health
ofcials have
turned to isolation,
which separates
contagious patients
from the healthy,
and quarantine,
which restricts still
healthy people
who may have
been exposed to
a communicable
disease.
Ebola
The illness spreads when an
infected person coughs,
sneezes or touches a surface
that is then touched by
others. Enteroviruses can live
on surfaces for days.
The illness spreads through
direct contact with body
uids such as vomit, saliva,
and blood via broken skin or
the eyes, nose or mouth.
Ebola virus can live on
surfaces for days
THE HISTORY OF CONTAINMENT
CASES
CONFIRMED IN
THE U.S.
Enterovirus
D68
Enterovirus
D68
Ebola
664 1
SOURCES: AP; CDC; I NDYSTAR;
ENCYCLOPAEDI A BRI TANNI CA; NEW
YORK TI MES; NASA; WHO; NI H
A woman arrives
in the U.S. from
Stockholm,
where there
was a smallpox
outbreak, and
fails to produce
vaccination
documenta-
tion. She is
quarantined for
14 days out of
concern that she
is a possible
carrier.
Apollo 11
astronauts are
quarantined for three
weeks in a trailer
upon their return to
Earth to determine
whether any medical
problems stemmed
from exposure to
lunar material.
During the global
SARS outbreak,
patients in the U.S.
are isolated while
symptoms persist
and for 10 days
thereafter.
A 31-year-old
Atlanta attorney is
diagnosed with a
drug-resistant strain
of tuberculosis. He
ies to Europe, caus-
ing an international
health scare, and is
isolated on his return
to the U.S. It is later
determined that he
was misdiagnosed
and that his tuber-
culosis is treatable.
Public-health ofcials
impose quarantines
on homes and
towns where polio
cases are found.
Children and adults
diagnosed with the
disease are placed
in isolation wards at
hospitals accepting
polio patients.
Four people who
were believed to
be in close contact
with Thomas Eric
Duncan, the rst
Ebola patient who
was diagnosed and
died on American
soil, are in
quarantine until the
21-day incubation
period passes.
1963 1969 2003 2007 1940s 2014
U.S. quarantine stations are located at 20 ports and land
borders where international travelers arrive. A dozen of these
stations were added from 2004 to 2007 because of concerns
about bioterrorism after 9/11 and the 2003 SARS outbreak.
THE U.S. STATIONS
In the 1800s, a black-and-yellow ag was own to
indicate quarantine aboard ships. Today, a solid
yellow ag indicates that a ship is free of disease
and is safe to enter a port.
THE EBOLA PROTOCOL
TREATMENT
AVAILABLE
DRUGS
VULNERABLE
POPULATIONS
Ebola Ebola Ebola
1
AIRPORT
SCREENING
Passengers
leaving Liberia
must have their
temperature taken
and answer a health
questionnaire.
Duncan allegedly
lied on his.
2
DIAGNOSIS AND
ISOLATION
Once a patient is
diagnosed with Ebola,
he or she is put in
isolation in a hospital
and kept away from
visitors and other
patients.
3
CONTACT
TRACING
After the patient
is isolated, health
ofcials locate all
people who came
into contact with
the patient and
monitor them for
21 days.
4
QUARANTINE
Some contacts may
be given quarantine
orders, which can
be enforced by
police. Breaking a
federal quarantine
can result in nes or
imprisonment, and in
most states breaking
an order is a criminal
misdemeanor.
5
21 DAYS AND AFTER
Contact tracers
spend three weeks
conducting daily
checkups on the
patients contacts. If
someone develops
symptoms, the whole
process begins again.
Children and teens.
Asthmatics may
have a higher risk.
Family and others
in close contact
with patients.
Fluids, rest and
over-the-counter
medication to
lower fever.
Intravenous
uids and steps
to maintain
oxygen and
blood pressure.
No vaccine or
specic drug
treatment.
No vaccine or
FDA-approved
drug treatment.
Experimental
drugs such as
ZMapp have been
tried on some
patients.
Enterovirus
D68
Enterovirus
D68
Enterovirus
D68
SYMPTOMS
Ebola
Fever, runny nose,
body aches and
coughing. Severe
cases include
wheezing.
Fever, headaches,
muscle pains,
diarrhea,
vomiting,
abdominal pain
and bleeding.
u.s. quarantine
stations
Enterovirus
D68
FROM LEF T: AP; GET T Y I MAGES (4) ; AP
Photographs by Mark Mahaney for TIME
No erasers needed The national shift to computers in the classroom is happening fast,
with paper, textbooks and pencils replaced by tablets, headphones and keyboards
EDUCATION
THE PAPERLESS
CLASSROOM
IS COMING
A national push to get a computer into
each students hands will upend the
way American children are taught
BY MICHAEL SCHERER/CALISTOGA, CALIF.
37
back- to- school night this year in
Mr. Gs sixth-grade classroom felt a bit
like an inquisition. Teacher Matthew
Gudenius, a boyish, 36-year-old computer
whiz who runs his class like a preteen tech
startup, had prepared 26 PowerPoint slides
lled with facts and footnotes to deect
the concerns of parents. But time was
short, the worries were many, and it didnt
take long for the venting to begin.
I like a paper book. I dont like an
e-book, one father told him, as about 30
adults squeezed into a room for 22 stu-
dents. Another dad said he could no lon-
ger help his son with homework because
all the assignments were online. Im
now kind of taken out of the routine, he
complained. Rushing to nish, Gudenius
passed a slide about the debate over teach-
ing cursive, mumbling, We dont care
about handwriting. In a ash, a mother
objected: Yeah, we do.
At issue was far more than penman-
ship. The future of K-12 education is ar-
riving fast, and it looks a lot like Mr. Gs
classroom in the northern foothills of
Californias wine country. Last year, Presi-
dent Obama announced a federal effort to
get a laptop, tablet or smartphone into the
hands of every student in every school in
the U.S. and to pipe in enough bandwidth
to get all 49.8 million American kids on-
line simultaneously by 2017. Bulky text-
books will be replaced by flat screens.
Worksheets will be stored in the cloud,
not clunky Trapper Keepers. The Dewey
decimal system will give way to Google.
This one is a big, big deal, says Secretary
of Education Arne Duncan.
Its a deal Gudenius has been work-
ing to realize for years. He doesnt just
teach with a computer on every students
desk; he also tries to do it without any
paper at all, saving, by his own estimate,
46,800 sheets a year, or about four trees.
The paperless learning environment,
while not the goal of most edgling pro-
grams, represents the ultimate result of
38
EDUCATION | CONNECTED LIFE
Indeed, emerging research suggests
that there may be reason for concern. Op-
tometrists warn that a steep increase in
blue-light exposure from screens could
lead to eye problems later in life. Early stud-
ies have also shown an increase in physi-
cal ailmentssore backs, dry eyes, painful
necksamong kids who are asked to work
most of the day on computers while using
desks designed for pencil and paper. A
lot of money is going into the technology
without looking at where you put the tech-
nology, says Karen Jacob, an occupational
therapist and board-certied ergonomist
who teaches at Boston University. Its
more demanding physically on a child
than just having a piece of paper on a desk.
It will take years before the science is
conclusive, and in the meantime, educa-
tors may have been beguiled by the prom-
ise. The next generation of middle-school
curriculum software, for example, can
correct students as they make mistakes
as well as suggest improvements to gram-
mar and paragraph structure in real time.
Work can be automatically tailored to the
abilities of each student. Word processing
has also been shown to improve the quality
of student writing over longhand, even in
the early grades. From rst grade to 12th
grade, we have the same effects, says Steve
Graham, a professor of education at the
University of Arizona, of these types of pro-
grams. Its basically a 20-percentile jump.
Cool new gadgets tend also to help mo-
tivate easily distracted students, at least
initially. The problem we have in K-12 is
we are not engaging the kids because we
are not using the things they use outside
the classroom inside the classroom, says
Lenny Schad, who is overseeing the pur-
chase of 65,000 devices for Houston-area
high school students. The best teachers,
meanwhile, are able to integrate the com-
puters into an active lesson, rather than
plugging them in for six hours a day.
Back at Calistoga, Gudenius works the
crowd on back-to-school night, mixing
in funny YouTube videos with examples
of work his students have completed. He
explains that state tests will all be admin-
istered online anyway and that no college
will accept handwritten papers, so typing
must be learned. Toward the end, one of
his critics, Tony McBeardsley, a parent who
voiced his support for paper books, offers
an olive branch. I love your enthusiasm,
he says. The parental concerns may not be
resolved, but the revolt seems quelled for
now. And the transformation goes on.
technology transforming the classroom.
Gudenius started teaching as a
computer-lab instructor, seeing students
for just a few hours each month. That
much time is still the norm for most kids.
American schools have about 3.6 students
for every classroom computing device,
according to Education Market Research,
and only 1 in 5 school buildings has the
wiring to get all students online at once.
But Gudenius always saw computers as a
tool, not a subject. We dont have a paper-
and-pencil lab, he says. When you are
learning to be a mechanic, you dont go to
a wrench lab.
Ask his students if they prefer the digi-
tal to the tree-based technology and every
one will say yes. It is not unusual for kids
to groan when the bell rings because they
dont want to leave their work, which is
often done in ways that were impossible
just a few years ago. Instead of telling his
students to show their work when they
do an algebra equation, Gudenius asks
them to create and narrate a video about
the process, which can then be shown
in class. History lessons are enlivened
by brief videos that run on individual
tablets. And spelling, grammar and vo-
cabulary exercises have the feel of a game,
with each student working at his own
speed, until Gudeniuswho tracks the
kids progress on a smartphonegives
commands like Spin it to let the kids
know to ip the screens of their devices
around so that he can see their work and
begin the next lesson.
Overcoming the Glitches
like j ust about everything else in
education, computers in the classroom
work only when used correctly. The costly
missteps of earlier digital-learning initia-
tives are famous in certain school corri-
dors. A $500 million plan to buy an iPad
for every student in the Los Angeles Uni-
ed School District imploded this year af-
ter questions were raised by members of
the school board about both the technol-
ogy plan and the bidding process. Other
districts have found themselves with de-
vices that dont work, teachers who dont
know what to do with them and outdated
school infrastructure that makes it hard
to get online.
We do see a lot of districts that say, If
we just buy a lot of technology, something
will happen, says Mark Edwards, super-
intendent of the Mooresville, N.C., Graded
School District, which has seen large gains
From rst grade to
12th grade, we have
the same effects.
Its basically a
20-percentile jump.
steve graham, professor of
education at the university of
arizona
in student retention and test scores after
implementing a computer-based learning
model. Something will happen. But not
really what they want to happen.
While kids may take to new technol-
ogy naturally, the learning curve for par-
ents and other educators can be steep. And
even in communities where the rollout
has gone relatively well, theres still plen-
ty of friction. In Calistoga, Calif., where
Gudenius teaches, the first classroom
computers were iPads for kindergartners,
which led to an initial rebellion from some
teachers and even a member of the school
board. The Association of Pediatrics has
been warning parents for years to limit
screen time for their children, but now
the screens were lling up the school day.
Skeptical parents and teachers wondered
how a 5-year-old tracing his letters with
a nger on a tablet would deliver a better
outcome, without negative side effects,
than using a marker with a piece of paper.
Show, save and share Students in Mr. Gs
sixth grade do math with inkless pens
M
A
R
K

M
A
H
A
N
E
Y

F
O
R

T
I
M
E
DO BUSI NESS WI TH A DI VERSE PORTFOLI O
OF ENTERPRI SE- GRADE DEVI CES.
LEARN MORE AT WWW. SAMSUNG. COM/ US/ SAFE
2014 Samsung Telecommunications America, LLC. Samsung, Galaxy S, Galaxy Note, Galaxy Tab, SAFE and Knox are all trademarks
of Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Appearance of devices may vary. Device screen images simulated. SAFE (Samsung for Enterprise) is
a mark for a Samsung device tested for security with enterprise use in mind. For information about Samsungs SAFE program and the
security solutions tested with a SAFE device, please refer to www.samsung.com/us/safe.
T H E N E X T B I G T H I N G
F O R B U S I N E S S I S H E R E
A NEW
GENERATION
SPEAKS
WORLD
Color of dissent On a wall just
outside Hong Kong government
ofces, protesters leave words
of support for one another
and demands for political action
HONG KONGS PROTESTS MAY
BE WANING, BUT THE BATTLE FOR
DEMOCRACY WILL CONTINUE
PHOTOGRAPHS BY
JAMES NACHTWEY FOR TIME
42
hey have been pepper- sprayed and
tear-gassed by police, pushed and
punched by their opponents, drenched
by torrential rain. Still, they stay. Since Sept. 22,
in a historic act of civil disobedience, pro-
democracy demonstratorsthe overwhelming
majority of them studentshave occupied key
nancial and retail districts in one of the worlds
great cities: Hong Kong. When their camps were
attacked by thugs who the protesters say were
backed by the state, more than 100,000 people
rallied for peace. When the authorities set an
Oct. 6 deadline for them to clear out, they held
fast. Says 17-year-old Jennifer Wong, who is in
high school: I choose to stand up.
The protesters are standing up for a say in
government, starting with the election of Hong
Kongs chief executive (CE). Until now, the CE
has been chosen by a 1,200-member electoral
college made up largely of Hong Kongs politi-
cal and business elite. In 2017 the public will be
allowed to vote for the CE, but the leadership in
China, which has sovereignty over Hong Kong,
has imposed conditions. Candidates must be
vetted for patriotism, and only two or three
can run. Ofcials say the new system represents
progress; critics say its rigged to stie dissent.
Young people are particularly concerned.
Hong Kong is a rich city, but its wealth is con-
centrated in ever fewer hands. Big Business,
particularly the citys real estate sector, has
inordinate inuence over government policy.
High property prices prevent many people from
owning homes. Wages are stagnant. We dont
see good prospects for our future, says Katie Lo,
21, a university student.
That future would be brighter with democ-
racy, Hong Kongs youth believe, because itat
least in theorywould make the government
more responsive to public needs. People say
to me, If you want to change the world, go to
university, then work as a government admin-
istrator or a businessman, says Joshua Wong,
a protest leader who turns 18 this month.
T
No, to affect the world, you go to the streets.
Many citizens are tired of the disruptions to
their lives and want to reclaim those streetsa
growing sentiment that ofcials may exploit to
pressure the students in coming talks. Protesters
are getting weary too. On the night of Oct. 7, only
about 2,000 were at the main rally point, com-
pared with the tens of thousands before. Still,
Hong Kong has undergone a political awaken-
ing. Says Emily Lau, 62, a legislator and the head
of Hong Kongs Democratic Party: Once people
have been shown their power, they know how to
use it again. by emily rauhala/hong kong.
with reporting by elizabeth barber, hannah
beech and nash jenkins/hong kong
Weathering opposition The crowds have dwindled,
but thousands of people remain, camping on streets,
above left, and facing down angry counterprotesters,
left. A key source of inspiration: teen activist Joshua
Wong, above in white shirt, a co-founder of the student
group Scholarism, which helped kick-start the protests
43
WORLD | HONG KONG
HOW
TO
EAT
NOW
HEALTH
BEST- SELLI NG FOOD WRI TER
MARK BI T TMAN WANTS
YOU TO STAY I N AND E AT AT
HOME BECAUSE I T S GOOD
FOR YOU, I T S GOOD FOR
YOUR FAMI LYAND I T S FAR
E ASI ER THAN YOU THI NK
MARK BITTMAN
pioneered a practical approach
to food in his New York Times
column, The Minimalist. He is
the author of dozens of popular
cookbooks, including How to
Cook Everything Fast
J
50
HEALTH | FOOD
ust two generations ago, pre-
paring meals was as much a part of
life as eating. Now weve given up
what is perhaps our best excuse to
get together and spend time with
the people we lovemealtime
and someone else stands at the
stove. Were either watching cooks
on TV like we would a spectator
sport or grabbing grub, bagged,
and eating it alone and on the go.
The fetishizing of food is everywhere. There are
cutthroat competitions and celebrity chefs with TV
shows, and both social and mainstream media are
stuffed with an endless blur of blogs, demos and
crowdsourced reviews. So why in Julias name do
so many Americans still eat tons of hyperprocessed
food, the stuff that is correctly called junk and
should really carry warning labels?
Its not because fresh ingredients are hard to
come by. Supermarkets offer more variety than
ever, and there are over four times as many farm-
ers markets in the U.S. as there were 20 years ago.
Nor is it for lack of available information. There are
plenty of recipes, how-to videos and cooking classes
available to anyone who has a computer, smart-
phone or television. If anything, the information
is overwhelming.
And yet we arent cooking. If you eat three
squares a day and behave like most Americans (and
increasingly, the world is doing just that), you prob-
ably get at least a third of your daily calories outside
the home. Nearly two-thirds of us grab fast food
once a week, and we get almost 25% of our daily
calories from snacks. So were eating out or taking
in, and we dont sit downor we do, but we hurry.
Shouldnt preparingand consumingfood
be a source of comfort, pride, health, well-being,
relaxation, sociability? Something that connects
us to other humans? Why would we want to out-
source this basic task, especially when outsourc-
ing it is so harmful?
For all the hand-wringing about how to ght
the obesity epidemic and diet-related maladies like
Type 2 diabetes and heart disease, there is a fairly
simple solution: Do it yourself. Sure, there are chal-
lenges to cooking; there are challenges to xing
income inequality too. Our goal should be to make
things better, not to accept such a dismal status quo.
When I talk about cooking, something Ive been
doing for the better part of ve decades, Im not
talking about creating elaborate dinner parties or
three-day science projects. Im taking about simple,
easy, everyday meals. My mission is to encourage
novices and the time- and cash-strapped to feed
themselves. Which means we need modest, real-
istic expectations, and we need to teach people to
cook food thats good enough to share with family,
friends and, if you must, your Instagram account.
Because not cooking is a big mistakeand its
one thats costing us money, good times, control,
serenity and, yes, vastly better health.
The Consequence of Convenience
perhaps a return to real cooking neednt be
far off. A recent Harris poll revealed that 79% of
Americans say they enjoy cooking and 30% love it;
14% profess to not enjoy kitchen work and just 7%
wont go near the stove at all. But this doesnt neces-
sarily translate to real cooking, and the demographic
breakdown from this survey shouldnt surprise any-
one: 52% of those 65 or older cook at home ve or
more times per week; only a third of millennials do.
Im almost 65, which makes me part of the so-
called convenience generation. Back in the 1950s
most of us grew up in households where Mom
cooked virtually every night. Depending on where
you lived, the quality of the ingredients varied,
time October 20, 2014 51
but the intention to put a home-cooked meal on
the table was pretty much universal. Most people
couldnt afford to do otherwise.
Although frozen dinners were invented in the
40s, their popularity didnt boom until televisions
became popular a decade or so later. Since then,
packaged, pre-prepared meals have been whats for
dinner. The microwave and fast-food chains were
the biggest catalysts, but the hegemony of the big
food companieswhich want to sell anything
except the raw ingredients that go into cooking
made the home cook an endangered species.
Still, I nd it strange that only a third of young
people report preparing meals at home regularly.
Isnt this the same crowd that rails against pro-
cessed junk and champions artisanal and craft
cooking? Arent they the ones clogging the web
with food porn? And isnt this generation the most
likely to say theyre concerned about their health
and the well-being of the planet?
If these are truly the values of many millenni-
als, then their behavior doesnt match their beliefs.
According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture
(USDA), 16% of men and 13% of women ages 20
to 39 eat pizza every single day. The top source of
calories for the rest of us is baked goods, followed by
chicken, sugar-sweetened beverages, alcohol and,
yes, pizza. Welcome to the Standard American Diet,
which is often referred to as SAD, because it is.
There have been halfhearted but well-publicized
efforts by some food companies to reduce calories
in the sweetest, most hyperprocessed of these
foods, but the SAD is still the polar opposite of the
SPI CES AND
HERBS
Salt and black
pepper
Curry powder
Smoked paprika
Ground cumin
Dried thyme
Dried oregano
Dried rosemary
Chili powder
Dried dill
Fresh herbs
Dried sage
Garlic powder
Ground ginger
Dried chilis
Cayenne
OI L S AND
CONDI MENTS
Extra-virgin
olive oil
Vegetable oil
Sherry or wine
vinegar
Balsamic vinegar
Mustard
Soy sauce
Mayonnaise
Hot sauces
Ketchup
Fish sauce
Rice vinegar
Dark sesame oil
Barbecue sauce
THE
PERFECT
PANTRY
Having a well-
stocked pantry
makes spontaneous
cooking doable.
Start with the items
that appeal to you
most (Bittmans are
in bold) and build
from there.
A MEAL ANYONE CAN MAKE
These simple, healthy dishes dont require hard-won
skills, fancy equipment or exotic ingredientsits
just everyday food, cooked at home
G
R
A
N
T

C
O
R
N
E
T
T

F
O
R

T
I
M
E
STAPLES
Pasta or other
noodles
Rice
Whole grains
Canned beans
Dried beans
Oil-packed tuna
Canned tomatoes
Coconut milk
Tomato paste
Peanut butter
Nuts or seeds
Stock
Honey or maple
syrup
Anchovies or
sardines
HEALTH | FOOD
healthy, mostly plant-based diet that just about ev-
ery expert I know says we should be eating. We
consume less than half of the ber and fruit recom-
mended by the USDA, and we eat just 59% of the
recommended amount of vegetables. Considering
that the governments standards are not nearly am-
bitious enough, the picture is clear: by not cooking
at home, were not eating the right things, and the
dire consequences are hard to overstate.
Annual health care expenses related to obesity
and its consequences total $150 billion in the U.S.,
according to the Centers for Disease Control and Pre-
vention, and over $1 trillion worldwide, according
to the World Health Organization. To help quantify
both the hidden and the explicit costs of a poor diet,
I recently tried to estimate this impact in terms of a
most iconic food, the burger, which generates about
$70billion in gross sales annually in the U.S. alone. I
concluded that the prot from burgers is more than
offset by the damage they cause in obesity and its
related diseases and environmental harm.
Cooking real food is the best defensenot to
mention that any meal youre likely to eat at home
contains about 200 fewer calories than one you
would eat in a restaurant. Of course, anyone who
cooks could have told you that.
Somethings Gone Awry
theres something peculiar about our obses-
sion with the business of cuisine. There are 24/7
TV shows on food, countless food magazines and
more Instagram accounts of impossibly beautiful
and exotic dishes than one could count or, frankly,
stomach. And its evident from the haughty, well-
inked celebrity chefs who smile down at us from
billboards that the place of food in our day-to-day
lives is no match for the place it holds in our culture.
Making food a performance, as entertaining as
that can be from our seats in the grandstand, has
had a damaging effect on our relationship to cook-
ing. In a land of million-dollar kitchens, Himalayan
pink salt, dragonfruit, trufe butter and Wagyu
skirt steak, most of us feel like outsidersand as a
result, we cook less than we ever have.
Whether its because were scared or lazy or
time-pressed, or simply that we think the food we
cook wont taste as good as the junk we buy, we have
allowed others to feed us, rather than taking charge
of feeding ourselves. For the sake of our health, our
well-being, our palates and the environment, that
has to changeand you dont have to be Giada De
Laurentiis to get on board.
A lot has changed since I started cooking in my
late teens. Growing up in New York City a mile
from the U.N. headquarters, I was spoiled with
easy access to cheap international street food.
There were dressed-up hot dogs and spicy Korean
bowls and hole-in-the-wall Chinese restaurants.
I got used to those big avors, so when I went off
to college in Massachusetts, where the food at the
time was terrible (and unaffordable), it was learn
to cook or starve.
So to those Americans, and there are a lot of us,
for whom money is a concern, my advice is simple:
Buy what you can afford, and cook it yourself. Rice,
beans, bacon, salad, breadfew things are cheaper
than that. The common prescription is to primarily
shop the perimeter of the grocery store, since thats
52
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LONG- STORI NG
VEGETABLES
AND FRUI T
Onions
Ginger root
Potatoes
Garlic
Sweet potatoes
Carrots
Cabbage
Frozen fruit
Celery root
Squashes
Shallots
Lemons and limes
Oranges
Apples
Frozen vegetables
where fresh produce, meat and seafood, and dairy
are. But youve still got to dive into the aisles, and not
just for toilet paper. Besides beans, whole grains and
pasta, there are staples like oil and spices and inter-
national ingredients like rice noodles, coconut milk
and soy sauce that can bring life to affordable basics.
And to save money and still eat well you dont
need local, organic ingredients; all you need is real
food. Im not saying local food isnt better; it is.
But there is plenty of decent food in the more than
37,000 grocery stores in the U.S. The average grocer
carries about 44,000 items.
The other sections you should get to know are
the freezer aisle and the canned-goods shelves.
Frozen produce is still produce; canned tomatoes
are still tomatoes. Just make sure youre getting
real food without tons of added salt or sugar. Ask
yourself, Would Grandma consider this food? Does
it look like something that might occur in nature?
Its pretty much common sense: you want to buy
food, not unidentiable foodlike objects.
You dont have to hit the grocery store daily, nor
do you need an abundance of skill. But since fewer
than half of Americans say they cook at an inter-
mediate level and only 20% describe their cooking
skills as advanced, the crisis is also one of con-
dence. And the only remedy for that is practice.
So, Whats for Dinner?
theres no mystique to cooking the evening
meal. You just have to do a little thinking ahead and
redene what qualies as dinner. It can be simple:
a soup, even one based on frozen vegetables; a piece
of meat and a loaf of hearty bread; a chicken that
roasts while you make a salad; pasta with vegeta-
bles; tacos. Eggs and pancakes seem like treats after
sundown, especially for kids. And, I mean, whats
pizza? An open-faced cheese-and-tomato sandwich.
Do this with a couple of extra vegetables on top and
cooking will start to feel more accessibleand ap-
petizing, if you like pizza.
To get comfortable in the kitchen, pare down your
ambitions, ease up on your expectations and start
with something manageable that you will actually
enjoy eating. Like any skill, cooking gets easier as you
do it more; every time you cook, you advance your lev-
el of expertise. Someday you wont even need recipes.
I get that spontaneity is intimidating; so are many
recipes. My advice is that you not pay attention to the
number of steps and ingredients, because they can
be deceiving. Instead, to get an accurate idea of the
work involved, see how items need to be prepared.
Beware of the hidden steps that appear after the in-
gredients, like 2lb. butternut squash, peeled, seeded
and cut into 1-in. cubesthats 10 minutes work
right there. (In How to Cook Everything Fast, I incor-
porated all the slicing and dicing into the directions,
but thats not how most recipes are written.)
Are any do-ahead tips mentioned? If so, try to use
them. And remember that the estimated time is of-
ten not accurate. Some recipes have you scrambling
for 20 minutes, while others that take two hours
SO SIMPLE, SO SPEEDY
From left: The skillet pear crisp makes for an
easy cleanup, the vegetable soup borrows from
the freezer aisle, and sauted greens take minutes
time October 20, 2014 53
54
may include unattended cooking times that free
you to do other things as the foods do theirs.
Time, I realize, is the biggest obstacle to cook-
ing for most people. I get some ak for my position,
but I stick by it: You must adjust your priorities to
nd time to cook. Look at your activities and then do
some juggling. Move a TV to the kitchen and watch
your favorite shows while youre standing at the
sink. Get up 20 minutes earlier so you can get dinner
into a slow cooker or pack last nights leftovers for
todays lunch. Keep the death grip on your devices if
you must; theyre smartest when called upon to help
you nd recipes and learn new techniques. No one is
asking you to give up activities you like, but if youre
watching food shows on TV, try cooking instead (or
at the very least, do both at the same time).
The best part is, you dont have to go it alone.
Cooking with other peoplespouses and kids if
you have them, friends and extended family if you
dontcan be an immensely satisfying and relax-
ing social activity, with the added benet of having
something delicious to eat when youre done.
If you havent ever tried this, give it a whirl; many
people nd it life-changing. Back in my college days,
I was lucky enough to have a roommate who was
a prep cook at a restaurant. Thats how I learned to
cook basics like hamburgers and scrambled eggs.
Thats also when I learned that bringing someone
else into the kitchen allows you to share a valuable
skillwhile helping you put aside any feelings of
not-good-enough that your kitchen may elicit.
So forget the blogs and the celebrities and the
TV shows and just cook. Preparing my own meals
changed my life, setting me on a career-long course
to make it easy for others to do the same. I suspect if
you try it, it will become your mission too.
WHOLE ROAST
CHICKEN
MAKES 4 OR MORE SERVINGS
TIME: ABOUT AN HOUR, LARGELY UNAT TENDED
1 3-to-4-lb. whole chicken
4 tbsp. olive oil
Salt and pepper
4 whole heads garlic (optional)
2 lemons, halved (optional)
1. Heat oven to 450F. Put a heavy roasting pan with a
wire rack (optional) on a low rack in the oven. Trim any
excess fat from chicken, rub with 2 tbsp. of olive oil,
and sprinkle inside and out with salt and pepper. Slice
garlic crosswise to trim off tips and reveal cloves.
2. When oven is hot, put chicken, breast side up, in the
middle of the heated pan. Tuck garlic and lemons around
the outside and drizzle with remaining oil. Roast, undis-
turbed, for 40 to 50 min.; the chicken is done when a
quick-read thermometer inserted into the thickest part of
the thigh registers 155F to 165F or when its juices run
clear and there are no traces of pink in the meat.
3. Transfer chicken to a platter and let it rest for at least
5 min. If youre eating the chicken right away, quarter it or
cut it into parts and serve with the garlic, lemon and some
of the pan juices. To store in the fridge, let the chicken
cool, then cut it into parts.
Store it with the garlic and
lemon in a freezer bag or
tightly sealed container for
up to a week.
VEGETABLE
SOUP
MAKES 4 SERVINGS
TIME: 20 TO 40 MIN.,
DEPENDING ON THE
DESIRED TEXTURE
1
4 cup olive oil plus
more for drizzling
1 large onion,
chopped
Salt and pepper
2 garlic cloves,
minced
8 cups any chopped
frozen vegetables
6 cups chicken or
vegetable stock
1. Put olive oil in a large
pot over medium-high
heat. Add onion, sprinkle
with salt and pepper, and
cook, stirring occasion-
ally, until it softens a bit,
2 to 3 min. Add garlic,
stirring occasionally, until
fragrant, 2 to 3 min.
2. Meanwhile, organize
packages of vegetables
on your counter from
rmest (longest-cooking,
like squash or beans) to
most tender (like spinach
and other greens). Start
adding the vegetables,
rmest rst, stirring oc-
casionally until they thaw
and begin to get tender.
(Timing will vary by veg-
etable; test frequently.)
3. Continue adding and
stirring, adjusting the
heat to prevent burning,
until the vegetables in
the pot begin to brown
in places. Add the stock,
raise the heat to high,
and cook, stirring once
or twice, until the soup
comes to a boil. Reduce
the heat to a steady
bubble and cook until the
vegetables are as tender
as you like. Taste and
adjust the seasoning,
then pour the soup into
4 bowls, drizzle with more
olive oil and serve.
SKILLET
PEAR CRISP
MAKES 4 TO 6 SERVINGS
TIME: 15 TO 20 MIN.
6 tbsp. (
3
4 stick)
butter
1
2 cup chopped
walnuts or pecans
1 tsp. grated
lemon zest
1
2 cup rolled oats
1
4 cup shredded un-
sweetened coconut
1
3 cup packed brown
sugar
1
2 tsp. cinnamon
Salt
2 lb. pears, unpeeled
but trimmed, cored
and chopped
1. Put 5 tbsp. butter in
large skillet over low heat.
When butter is melted,
add nuts, lemon zest,
oats, coconut, packed
brown sugar, cinnamon
and a pinch of salt; toss
to coat. Cook, stirring
frequently, until topping
is golden and crisp,
6 to 8 min. Remove from
the pan; no need to wipe
it out. (The topping can
be made ahead and
stored in an airtight con-
tainer up to a day or so in
advance.)
2. Put 1 tbsp. butter in
the skillet over medium
heat. When its melted,
add fruit and cook,
stirring occasionally
until pears are soft but
not mushy, 5 to 6 min.
Scatter the topping over
the warm fruit and serve.
(This recipe can be made
with any fruit you like,
including berries, apples
and mangoes. Adjust
cooking time based on
rmness of the fruit.)
These recipes are
adapted from Howto
Cook Everything
Fast (Houghton Mifin
Harcourt)
LONG- STORI NG
DAI RY AND
MEAT
Eggs
Bacon or ham
Milk or cream
Butter
Yogurt
Parmesan cheese
Other hard cheeses
Ricotta cheese
Goat cheese
Sour cream
HEALTH | FOOD
BI T T MA N S
GO- T O
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MOVIES
Race Relations
In the satirical comedy Dear
White People (out Oct. 17)a hit
at the Sundance Film Festival
beloved big man on campus Troy
(Brandon P. Bell, above) butts
heads with ex-girlfriend Sam
(Tessa Thompson), a DJ who hosts
a controversial radio show.
TELEVISION
Wedding Bells
After dating for six years,
Annie (Happy Endings Casey
Wilson) and Jake (Party Downs
Ken Marino) make a tumultu-
ous journey to the altar in NBCs
Marry Me (premiering Oct. 14),
which is loosely based on creator
David Caspes marriage to Wilson.
MOVIES
Egomaniac
The biggest jerk in your life
has nothing on Philip (Jason
Schwartzman), a novelist whose
ego ruins his relationship with
girlfriend Ashley (Elisabeth Moss)
in Listen Up Philip, hitting
select theaters Oct. 17.
The Culture
'l l/\L lOUCl O l/RL O |O /lL ROlL.' PAGE 62
By Nolan Feeney
THE WEEK
ABOUT A BOY IS
REMADE FOR NBC
Duvall and Downey
previously acted to-
gether in 1998s The
Gingerbread Man
The Culture
how did i come to asking for a selfie in
aswag hat? Robert Downey Jr. asks, dgeting
with a shing hat while looking over Venices
Abbot Kinney Boulevard from the third-oor
balcony of his gorgeous, three-story California
production ofce. His chef is cooking a three-
course meal for him and Robert Duvall, his co-
star in The Judge, in which they play an estranged
father and son, before they go out to screen the
new movie for British Academy of Film and
Television Arts voters. When Duvall walks in,
theres hugging, some chattingabout steak
restaurants, football or horses, since thats all
Duvall likes to talk aboutand then Downeys
request: I want to ask you if we can take a pic-
ture with The Judge hats. The two put on the pro-
motional shing hats while a Downey employee
takes a cell-phone shot for social media.
Duvall, 83, didnt want to be in the lm at
rst, turning it down largely because of a scene
in which Downey, 49, cleans him up after an
accident on the toilet. It was so negative. I said,
I dont know if I want to do that, sh- tting all
over yourself, Duvall says.
Let me qualify that, Downey says. Some-
times youre considering something, and you
say, Is this really worth it?
And Im tired of dying in movies, Duvall
adds. Im f- cking dying all the time. Every
time you turn around, some guy is getting old
and gets cancer. I dont want to do that sh- t. But
this is well written and accompanied by cer-
tain talents, so you say, I have to look at this.
Whereas Downey is unerringly charming
instantly ferreting out commonalities and
revealing minor intimacies while energetically
giving an ofce tour in sweats and a T-shirt
from his martial-arts schoolDuvall, in stiff
jeans and a blue blazer with gold buttons, is
unerringly honest. Which is the basis for the
conict in The Judge, the rst movie produced
by Team Downey, the company formed by the
actor and his wife Susan. Downey plays a slick,
churlish Chicago lawyer who defends creeps
(Everyone wants Atticus Finch until theres
a dead hooker in a hot tub) and returns to his
small hometown, where he defends his strict,
estranged father, the local judge, in a murder
trial. Its a simple dynamic, which director Da-
vid Dobkin pitched to the two actors as a west-
ern with a sheriff dad and his gunslinger son.
It comes from Dobkins own storya boomer
classic retold by GenXof having to pause his
messy midlife to take care of a sick parent he
had issues with.
The movie also has Vera Farmiga, Billy Bob
Thornton, Vincent DOnofrio and Dax Shepard,
but they dont get much screen time. The rst
audiences thought the movie was really slow
and wanted to get to Downey and Duvall,
Dobkin explains. So we went the other way
in the editing studio. Almost everything with
Downey and Duvall is in the movie. Theres
one scene that we cut out. And its amazing.
After Downeys chef brings out crab cakes
made from Duvalls moms recipe (which
was from Readers Digest), Downey goes over
the long list of Duvall roles he loves and how
this one is different, an internalized Great
Santinithe 1979 lm that brought Duvall
his rst Oscar nomination for Best Actor in a
Leading Role, before he won for 1983s Tender
Mercies. When I ask Duvall when he rst
noticed Downey, the worlds highest-paid ac-
tor, he pauses, taking a sip from his root beer.
Downey, again, intervenes to help his co-star.
Daddy Day Care
The Judge turns Duvall
and Downey into a
father-son act
By Joel Stein/Los Angeles
Photograph by Jeff Vespa
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60 time October 20, 2014
The Culture
|
Movies
I think in Toronto, he jokes, referring
to the Toronto International Film Festi-
val, where the lm premiered. I think
in the screening. Eventually, Duvall
says it was Sherlock Holmes, which came
out ve years ago. Sometimes I go to
the movies. Sometimes I dont, Duvall
explains. They asked what my favorite
performance of his is, and I said Chaplin,
and I havent seen it yet. A little later,
talking about how universal father-and-
son stories are, Downey has to pause to
tell Duvall what Less Than Zero was.
As Downey pulls out bottle after bottle
of vitamins and amino acids to take with
his meal, Duvall says he doesnt take
nearly as many pills. Hes a very healthy
guy. Tremendously healthy guy, Duvall
says of Downey.
You didnt know me when, did you?
Downey replies, an arch reference to his
well-documented issues with addiction.
I told you on that other movie, I saw
you sitting in the corner. You looked very
lonely and alone, says Duvall of working
together on Robert Altmans 1998 lm,
The Gingerbread Man, though they never
spoke on the set.
Why didnt you come over and give
me some condolences? Downey asks.
I was in and out. We were all in and
out, Duvall says. One day I was rehears-
ing in [Altmans] house and there was no
food, so by mistake I ate their kids lunch.
Why didnt he give me something to eat?
If you eat my kids lunch, it would be
an honor. It would give him a story, says
Downey. Replies Duvall: I never even
saw the movie.
Not Trying to Be Seen
downey kept the set of the judge
loose, taking moments between shoot-
ing heavy scenes to get the other actors to
compete at improv, to see who could do
the best zombies after they had all seen
World War Z. But Duvall keeps a set even
looser. He was the one asking everyone to
go out for dinner, when he wasnt bring-
ing in Texas-marshal buddies to visit the
set (he wrote and directed Wild Horses, an
upcoming movie about marshals, with
James Franco and Josh Hartnett) or taking
off to meet Tom Brady. The most surpris-
ing thing was how open he was to all the
improvisations and how willing he was
to play before the cameras started going,
says DOnofrio, who plays Duvalls other
son. I held him too high and didnt real-
ize he would do that kind of thing.
The mystique that people hold around
someone like Duvall, hell break that
down as soon as you meet him, Downey
says. Hes not interested in utilizing that.
I wonder why that is? Duvall deects it
by talking about Marlon Brando, eventu-
ally saying that in The Godfather, he would
have liked to see him tip over a table to
show his violence.
But over sh, creamed spinach and
steak with trufed mushrooms, Duvall
says he likes acting now more than in
the 1970s. Downey adds, If you talk to
iconic gures of their generation and
you talk about actors these days, theyve
got plenty to say about how it used to be
and what these kids dont know. Duvall
nods. Im the opposite, he says. Theyre
better now. I worked with a director
who said, When I say action, tense up,
goddamn it. Hes harking back to the
way Henry Hathaway directed him in
True Gritthe 1969 version starring John
Wayne. Theres less of that now. The
good directors want to see what you can
do. If you did Moneyball 40 years ago, it
would have been inundated with carica-
ture performances.
Neither Downey nor Duvall writes
down notes about his characters, and di-
rector Dobkin doesnt rehearse material,
wanting to capture the rst interactions
onscreen. And Duvall would always
prefer to hold back. Downey remembers,
Bobby would say, Wait, wait, waitlets
not get to the arguing here. Remember,
that crescendos in the kitchen. Duvalls
approach, says Downey, was Lets not
repeat a feeling. He moves his arms in
a gure eight. I see Bobby do this a lot
with his hands, he says. Nothing is be-
ing jammed down your throat.
When Dobkin looked at the dailies,
he was surprised by how subtle Duvall
was. Wed look at his closeups and be
like, How is he doing that? the director
says. Theres so much going on inside of
him and so little outside. His choices are
so simple. Hes just existing in the space.
Hes transcended acting. To Dobkins re-
lief, Downey kept it nearly as simple. An
actor like Downey goes from being a big
movie star to a [smaller-scale] dramatic
movie, and a lot of them chew the scen-
ery up to prove something. And he never
does that. Hes not trying to be seen, ever.
After the chef serves slices of gluten-
free, dairy-free banana cream pie (it keeps
Downey feeling light), Downey drinks a
mugful of espresso (it keeps him awake).
Duvall asks if he can keep the swag sh-
ing cap from the photo. I need a hat, he
says. Downey responds, Trust me, weve
got plenty, and leads Duvall downstairs
to an ofce to load him up with promo-
tional hats, shirts and paperweights. It
doesnt really feel all that different from a
scene in The Judge.
Im tired of dying in
movies ... Every time
you turn around, some
guy is getting old and
gets cancer.
robert duvall
Paternity test In The Judge, Duvall plays an irascible jurist charged with murder; Downey is the egotistical son who becomes his defense attorney
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The Culture
time October 20, 2014 61
Reviews
at the toronto film festival world premiere
of St. Vincent, Bill Murray was asked how he landed
the title role of a grumpy old man. He looked at
writer-director Theodore Mel and said, Because
you couldnt get Jack Nicholson. The character of
Vincent, a seedy Brooklyn misanthrope, might seem
an odd candidate for a schoolboys Saints Among
Us project, the premise of Mels movie, but he does
t the template Nicholson established in As Good as It
Gets and The Bucket Lista crab apple that ultimately
turns Delicious. And Murray at 64, 13 years Nichol-
sons junior, has the gravelly gravitas to bring some
ornery life to a reductive fable of redemption.
After Bad Santa, Bad Teacher and Bad Grandpa
comes Bad Saint. Vincent wanders Sheepshead Bay
like Marleys ghost, from the local bar to Belmont
racetrack to the arms of the pregnant Russian hooker
Daka (Naomi Watts). Hes deeply in hock every-
where, so he could use the $12 an hour a new neigh-
bor (Melissa McCarthy) with a double-shift hospital
job will pay him to mind Oliver, her 12-year-old son.
Oliver (Jaeden Lieberher) has his own problems: an
absent father, his own personal bully (Dario Barossa)
at school and now this horrible geezer as a babysitter.
If you think Vincent will become Olivers nemesis
or predator rather than his mentor and savior, you
are imagining a more complex movie than Mel, a
MOVIES
Bad Saint. Bill Murray gets a heart
transplant in the hokey St. Vincent
By Richard Corliss
MUSIC
Lost and
Found
The ve Canadi-
ans who make up
the veteran indie
pop band Stars
are unabashed
romantics and
unrepentant hams.
No One Is Lost,
their seventh studio
album, revolves
around a single
idealistic theme:
everyone struggles,
but no ones
immune to the
redemptive power
of a great song.
Highlights of the
albumrecorded
at Mount Zoomer,
a Montreal studio
above a defunct
gay disco thats
hosted prominent
Canadian bands
like Arcade Fire and
Wolf Paradehave
the pulse of a
dance oor, like the
epic opener From
the Night and the
anthemic title track.
Because the band
lives on the edge
between endearing-
ly earnest and pain-
fully cheesy, there
are some inevitable
duds. A line like I
call it poetry/ its
called a pop hook,
from the dreary
You Keep Coming
Up, is an impos-
sible sell, but thats
always been half
the fun with Stars:
theyre a high-risk,
high-reward propo-
sition, and worth it.
JAMIESON COX
TV-commercial director
making his rst feature,
has in mind. Yes, Vincent
takes Oliver to the bar and
the track; he spumes his
bad moods all over this very
decent kid. But he gives the
boy life lessons, like how
to ght off the brutes at
school. Vincent also has a
secret charity, which shows
he has a heart, and it wont
stop aching.
The overqualied actors
often give quirky life to a
script that denudes their
characters of nuance. Mc-
Carthy goes nicely pianissi-
mo for a change, and fretful
rather than shrewish. Lie-
berher offers charmingly
understated counterpoint
to the star curmudgeon.
Watts chips in with a few
chipper chippie scenes.
And Murray reminds us
that hes a precious movie
resource. Tooling around in
a wood-paneled 83 LeBaron
convertible, he inhabits
the role like an ingenious
squatter in an abandoned
tenement, picking through
the detritus of plot and
nding nourishment for
Vincents pain and way-
ward grace.
And yet nothing can
make a discerning viewer
feel worse than a feel-good
movie like this one. Mel
ends scenes with visual
punch lines that play like
rim shots, forces salvation
on everyone (including
Olivers bully) and truckles
shamelessly for emotional
uplift. This barrage is
enough to turn any saint in
the audience into the old,
grouchy Vincent, before he
got canonized.
WHERES BILL
BEEN?
A movie star for
30 years, Mur-
ray has played
the lead in only
three lms since
2004: Broken
Flowers, Hyde
Park on Hudson
and St. Vincent
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Dirt devils Murray plays a
hard-living babysitter, with
Lieberher his 12-year-old ward
The Culture
time October 20, 2014
in a crowded beverly hills, calif.,
hotel ballroom in July, a member of the
Television Critics Association asked Gina
Rodriguez, star of the new CW comedy
Jane the Virgin, a seemingly simple ques-
tion. Why had she turned down a chance
to test for the Lifetime series Devious
Maids to pursue a role like this one, about
a young woman whos articially insemi-
nated as the result of a hospital mix-up?
Every role that Ive chosen has been
[one] that I think [is] going to push for-
ward the idea of my culture, of women, of
beauty, Rodriguez, 30, said in a speech
that quickly made the rounds online. I
wasnt going to let my introduction to the
world be one of a story that I think has
been told many times.
When Jane the Virgin premieres on
Oct. 13, Rodriguez makes that introduc-
tion playing not a maid but the kind of
character she never saw on TV as a kid.
Unlike Modern Family and Brooklyn Nine-
Nine (which feature multiple Latino ac-
tors in supporting roles) or Orange Is the
New Black (whose Latina characters are all
in prison), Jane the Virgin puts an ordinary
Latina front and center without making a
big deal about iteven though it is a big
deal for Rodriguez. To read a story about
a young girl where her ethnicity wasnt at
the forefront, where her dual identity was
so integrated in life that it didnt feel like a
separate conversation, was such a breath
of fresh air, the actress tells Time.
Loosely based on the 2002 Venezuelan
telenovela Juana la Virgen, the show fol-
lows a religious 23-year-old whose life is
turned upside down when a frazzled doc-
tor confuses her with a fertility patient.
Janes Catholic grandmother is horried;
her mother, who got pregnant with Jane
as a teenager, is more understanding;
Janes boyfriend, who learns of the mis-
hap midproposal, is dumbfounded; and
the accidental donor, who happens to be
Janes former crush, a cancer survivor
and the owner of the hotel where she
works, is blindsided. And thats just the
rst episode. Rodriguezs down-to-earth
Happy Accident. Gina Rodriguez may
be the biggest miracle in Jane the Virgin
By Nolan Feeney
warmth and contagious enthusiasm
helped make her an instant favorite
when it came time to cast the role. You
expect it to be a really long search, and to
see someone come in, literally the third
person [to audition], it was amazing,
says executive producer Jennie Snyder
Urman. Shes 100% genuine and 100%
fun. Sometimes I feel like Im hanging
out with one of my college friends.
Rodriguez, the daughter of Puerto
Rican parents, was born and raised in
Chicago as the only artist in her family.
(Her older sisters are an investment bank-
er and a doctor.) Inspired by screen icon
Rita Moreno, a vocal critic of the limited
roles available to Latina actresses, Rodri-
guez decided early on that she wouldnt
take roles that cast Latinas in a stereo-
typical light. That sometimes meant the
graduate of New York Universitys Tisch
School of the Arts turned down jobs
when she needed them most. I have
fought so hard to not take roles, Rodri-
guez says. I had to ght [myself] like,
Gina, you cant pay rent. Are you really
going to say no?
She didnt have much to choose from.
Hispanic people made up 17% of the U.S.
population in 2013, and theyre major en-
tertainment consumers: they purchased
25% of all movie tickets that year, accord-
ing to the Motion Picture Association of
America. But according to a study from Co-
lumbia University, there wasnt a single
lead role for Latino actors in the top net-
work TV shows or lms of 2013. Thats in
contrast to the 1950s, when the Latino pop-
ulation was smaller but commanded more
prominent roles. (There have been occa-
sional exceptions, like America Ferrera in
Ugly Betty, which ran from 2006 to 2010 on
ABC, and stand-up comedian Cristela
Alonzos new sitcom, Cristela, also on ABC.)
Jane the Virgin doesnt shy away from
its Latino heritage. It features an interna-
tional cast (Janes father, for example, is
played by Mexican actor Jaime Camil)
and frequently pays tribute to the stylis-
tic tropes and ridiculous story lines of
telenovelas. But its not a Latino show
either. Rodriguez expects the story of a
multigenerational family responding to
lifes curveballs to resonate widely.
Whats beautiful about Jane the Virgin
is it is giving you a glimpse into a life
that happens to be Latina and also Amer-
ican without hitting you over the head
with it, she says. When Janes grand-
mother speaks to her in Spanish, Jane an-
swers in English; at home, Jane calls her
abuela but says grandma to her friends.
This kind of code switching isnt a major
plot point or conict, just a fact of life.
The same goes for the cast, which in-
cludes a couple of gay and lesbian charac-
ters, and for Janes shapeyou wont
hear a peep about how shes both beauti-
ful and not a size 2. On Jane the Virgin, di-
versity is paramount but rarely discussed
by name. For Rodriguez, simply sharing
her point of view is what matters.
The show is bigger than myself, and
its going to be big for the Latino commu-
nity, Rodriguez says. [Its like] nally
seeing themselves on the billboard of Fast
& Furious, of Superman, of Spider-Man, to
see themselves in the same arena that
they see everyone else in. Theyre invited
to the same partyand we belong here.
Television
TunedIn James Poniewozik
On Jane the Virgin
The accidental-insemination story
line in the CWs Jane the Virgin isnt
a biblical Immaculate Conception.
Yet its still a kind of miracle when
a new actress appears and its
as if someone upgraded your
TV set. Adept with both physical
comedy and soulful emotion,
Gina Rodriguez has an instant
everywoman charm and eyes that
transmit feeling with ber-optic
clarity. Like a good telenovela,
Jane careens through absurd plot
twists, but its instantly grounded
with Rodriguez. Jane may or may
not live up to the promise of its
conception, but either way, it looks
like a star has been born.
Photograph by Ramona Rosales for TIME
T
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EXPECTING MORE
Rodriguez studied at
the Atlantic Theater
Company and got to
work with founders
William H. Macy
and David Mamet
64
The Culture
in the first chapter of
Kerry Howleys Thrown,
which is probably the
most bizarre and fascinat-
ing book Ive read this
year, a graduate student
in philosophy wanders
out of a conference in Des
Moines, Iowa, on phenomenologythe
philosophical study of consciousness
and into a mixed-martial-arts event that
happens to be taking place in the same
convention center. She stays, though shes
not sure why, and during the last ght
of the night she has an extraordinary
experience. A kind of rapturous clarity
comes over her: It was as if someone
had oil-slicked my synapses, such
that thoughts could whip and
whistle their way across my
mind without the friction
Id come to experience as
thought itself.
Somehow, witness-
ing the sweaty, brutal-
ly physical humanity
of the ghters frees her
from the limitations of
her own state of person-
hood. Its a breakthrough in
applied phenomenology. This
exhibition, she thinks later, what-
ever it may be, has ushered ecstatic ex-
perience back into the world. The grad
student, whose name is Kit, will spend
the rest of the book chasing that high.
Something like this, although not
exactly this, probably actually happened.
Thrown is billed as nonction, but its
author is neither a grad student in phi-
losophy nor named KitKit is Howleys
Fighting Words. One writers journey
through the world of mixed martial arts
By Lev Grossman
Books
ctional alter ego, which she has adopted
for reasons I dont fully understand. But
the ghters are real, and so is Kit/Howleys
obsession with them. She spends months
following two in particular: Sean Huff-
man, a lumbering, gnarly-eared journey-
man, then 32, and Erik New Breed Koch,
then 21, a pale, whippet-like prodigy. She
attaches herself to their entourages and
watches them train, eat, get drunk, get
high, drive around, talk smack, play video
games and, of course, ght.
Having read Thrownand squinted
at actual footage of both men ghting, in
miniature, on YouTubeI still have no
real idea why cage ghting induces a state
of ecstasy in Kit. But I know that it does,
because of the way she writes about it:
Sean moves like a fat man on hot coals,
never still for a moment but each step
fractions of an inch off the ground.
Cobb jabs. Seans back is to me and he
vibrates hard twice in time with the
glorious unfurling of Cobbs arms.
They dance in my direction; Sean
has gone red in the soft skin under
both eyes. When Cobb leans
into one leg and shoots the other
across Seans white calf I hear the
knock of bone against bone and
feel the crowd hear it behind my
back, the small parts of 3,000 ears
vibrating in tune.
The precision of Howleys prose
reminds me of Joan Didion or David
Foster Wallace: shes so involved
with the ght, its as if she were
trying to eat it with words. Howley
writes like someone whos been ayed,
all nerve endings exposed, no barriers
between her and the world around her.
She writes like somebody in ecstasy.
Thrown also narrates the long troughs
between the ghts, which are decided-
ly unecstatic. Outside the octagon the
ghters are like sleepwalkers, trudging
through dead-end jobs, only intermit-
tently solvent, bouncing from spare
couch to cheap motel to crappy apart-
ment. Theyre utterly uninterested in
real life. The books title is a wry joke
there aint no thrones in Thrownbut its
Kerry Howley writes
like someone whos
been ayed, all nerve
endings exposed
she writes like
somebody in ecstasy
TO READ AN
EXCLUSI VE
EXCERPT FROM
KERRY HOWLEYS
BOOK, GO TO
time.com/thrown
Ring leader Erik Koch, one of the books
subjects, has fought since he was a tween
time October 20, 2014
O Pioneers! Walter Isaacsons new
book celebrates original minds of
the computer age
By Eliza Gray
also an allusion to a Heideggerian concept
that Kit glosses as the poignant sense
of having been hurled into the world
without preparation or consent. Only in
the octagon can the ghters wake up and
briey oat free of their existential pre-
dicament. To them were the sleepwalk-
ers. Its interesting to me, one ghter
says, that so many people are out of
touch with what it means to be alive.
Thrown is also a very funny book,
and some of the comedy comes from the
extreme disparity between Kits hyper-
active verbal intelligence and the utter
intellectual inertness of her subjects.
The ghters are, almost without excep-
tion, profoundly boring: the rst time
Kit meets Erik he spends an hour show-
ing her pictures on his phone of meals
hes eaten (a roast beef sandwich, big
as a baby, glistening with grease). She
transcribes their inane conversations the
way Boswell transcribed Johnson: Have
you tried blueberry mufn tops? No.
You havent lived.
But Kit never condescends to her sub-
jects. She seems to get that her extreme
academic preciousness is in its own way
as absurd as the ghters total lack of it,
and that although their genius is purely
physical, its still genius. To watch Erik
move, she writes, was to watch Carte-
sian dualism disproved. And Kits not
always easy company herself. Shes a
world-class observer but also an insuffer-
able grad student. (I say this as a recover-
ing insufferable grad student myself.)
Shes pretentious and self-involved, and
sometimes she seems interested in the
ghters only for the next hit of transcen-
dence she can get off them.
But even Kits occasional unpleasant-
ness is oddly refreshing. Most writers
these days work overtime to be likable,
but shes too honest for that (if thats
something you can say about a ctional
construct). And if she doesnt always
care about the ghters as people, she
always makes the reader care. My inter-
est in professional ghting is nil, but I
hung on the outcome of every ght like
a rabid fan. When Sean tries to explain
to Kit why he ghts, he can only say, I
like to feel things. Me too. Martial arts
doesnt do it for me, but great writing
like Thrown does.
the biographer of singular geniuses such as albert ein-
stein and Steve Jobs takes on a slew of them inThe Innovators: How
a Group of Hackers, Geniuses and Geeks Created the Digital Revolution.
As it turns out, inventions we cannot imagine living without
the computer and the Internetwere not the work of a few rogue
whizzes in garages whose names are now famous (though they
helped). Across a century and a half of innovation, lesser-known
masters laid the digital foundation. Here are just a few:
THE WOMEN OF ENIAC
Resetting switches and
moving cables on the
University of Pennsylvanias
massive 1940s computer
was a routine task,
maybe too much so for
the male engineers:
women handled
programming.
GRACE HOPPER
While working on Harvards
10,000-lb. (4,535 kg)
Mark I in the 1940s, Hopper
developed the compiler, a
concept that would allow
programs to be made for
multiple machines. Her
team also coined the term
bug after they found a moth
in the wire relays.
RAY TOMLINSON
In 1971 the MIT engineer
devised a way for people
to message one another
using the @ symbol to
designate a digital
address. That seemingly
inconsequential hack, as
Tomlinson thought of it,
became email.
JUSTIN HALL
In 1994, as a
freshman at
Swarthmore, Hall
kept a web log
of irreverent personal
musings. That type of
digital exhibitionism, published in
reverse chronological order, was
the prototypical blog.
DOUGLAS ENGELBART
Among Engelbarts many
inventions was an ergo-
nomically carved piece of
mahogany that a user
could roll across a desk-
top to move a cursor on
a screen. And what does
a chassis with a tail of
cord look like? A mouse.
ADA LOVELACE
Using her skills as
a mathematician,
Lord Byrons
daughter wrote the
rst algorithm
meant for computer
analysis in 1843
and thus became
the rst published
programmer.
TO READ
ISAACSON ON
MICROPAYMENTS,
GO TO time.com/
bitcoin
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YOU WILL TRAVEL
IN A LAND OF MARVELS.
JULES VERNE
BRILLIANTLY CRISP DISPLAY REMARKABLY THI N DESI GN
EFFORTLESS PAGE TURNING LIGHT THAT ADJUSTS WITH YOU
INTRODUCING
The Culture
QUICK TALK
Andrew Lincoln
On Oct. 12, the 41-year-old actor returns as
Rick Grimes, the leading man in AMCs The
Walking Dead. The show, in which bands
of frazzled survivors try to navigate a
zombie-infested apocalypse, has grown
progressively darker and more popular
over the past few years. matt vella
When you showed up to the premiere
event without a beard, people freaked
about what it could mean for this
seasons plot. How does it feel to have
facial hair that can launch a thousand
blog posts? Plotwise, it could mean an
extended ashback, I found a razor or
Im dead. But I had no idea the sort of
shock waves that being clean-shaven
would make. Is it difcult working on
a show that has such passionate fans?
The rst time I saw my face tattooed on
somebodys body, that was pretty over-
whelming. Which is harder to get used to
shooting: zombie-on-human brutality or
human-on-human brutality? The thing
Im more interested in, certainly
this season, is the human factor.
We are moving into a much more
terrifying and psychologically
scary landscape, because the peo-
ple that inhabit this world now
are either very dangerous, very
pragmatic or very organized.
Or all three. Has any of this
desensitized you to onscreen
violence? No. I read a script for
a movie recently, and I couldnt
nish it. I was terried. I had to
phone my agent and say, Its
really great. I think its going to
be a hit. But I cant do it because
its too scary. Im still as soft as
when I walked into the job.
THE DIGITS
3,097
Number of pieces in the worlds largest collection
of Harry Potter memorabilia, owned by Menahem
Asher Silva Vargas of Mexico City
Pop Chart
REAL TALK
Nope, thats not
a photograph
its an oil painting
by American
artist Richard
Estes, who was
a major gure in
the photo-realism
movement that
got started in the
late 1960s. Bus
With Reection
of the Flatiron
Building (196667)
is one of many Estes
works on display
at the Smithsonian
American Art
Museums
retrospective
Richard Estes
Realism through
Feb. 8, 2015.
Mars will
revive Crispy
M&Ms in the
U.S.after a
full decade
in 2015.
JP Gibson,
a 5-year-old
diagnosed with
acute lympho-
blastic leukemia
in 2012, got to
sign a one-day
contract to
play for the
Utah Jazz.
Asking for
names is
reportedly
verboten at
the Starbucks
located at CIA
headquarters.
Creators
David Lynch and
Mark Frost will
helm a new
Twin Peaks
series on Show-
time in 2016.
L
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E

IT
By Eric Dodds, Nolan Feeney, Samantha Grossman and Laura Stampler
LIFTOFF This house bubbling up over the earths surface might resemble a massive
dioramaor a monstrous Photoshop creationbut its actually a sculpture, Firing for
Effect, and not even 4 ft. (1.2 m) in diameter. All its details were hand-painted by Thomas
Doyle, one of 45 artists featured in the book Big Art/Small Art, which highlights works that
play with scale in unusual ways.
VERBATIM
I dont want to be
labeled gay.
RAVEN-SYMON, actress and former star of The Cosby Show and Thats So Raven,
explaining to Oprah Winfrey that she doesnt want to be dened by the fact that shes
dating a woman. She added, I want to be labeled a human who loves humans.
The Culture
A Japanese
company
debuted a
tranquility
chair with
giant, human-
looking arms to
hug sitters.
Jimmy Kimmel
is McAfees
most danger-
ous celebrity
of 2014, mean-
ing that search-
ing for his name
can often lead
to virus-laden
websites.
Jeopardy!s
recent What
Women Want
category was
designed to
prompt answers
like What
is a vacuum
cleaner?
North West
has dolls made
to resemble her
parents Kim
Kardashian and
Kanye West.
FOR TIMES COMPLETE
TV, FILM AND MUSIC
COVERAGE, VISIT
time.com/
entertainment
L
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TWEET BEAT
Which Celebs
Should Duet
Next?
We asked our Twitter
followers who would
make worthyor just
funnysuccessors to
album collaborators like
Lady Gaga and Tony
Bennett or Pink and
folk artist Dallas Green.
MARIAH CAREY AND
ARIANA GRANDE
So we can have music
evidence of what
happens when the new
Supreme is chosen.
@alex_abads
GRAHAM NASH AND
QUESTLOVE
Because why the hell not?
@fababulous
MACKLEMORE AND
IGGY AZALEA
Because theyre the king
and queen of rap.
@hunterschwartz
KANYE WEST AND
TAYLOR SWIFT
Would cause a stir.
@badlydrawndobs
M&MS: MARS; BUS WITH REFLECTION OF THE FLATIRON BUILDING, 196667: RICHARD ESTESMARLBOROUGH GALLERY, RICHARD ESTES; FIRING FOR
EFFECT (DETAIL), 2010: THOMAS DOYLE; DOLLS: CELINES DOLLS; DUETS: GETTY IMAGES (8); LINCOLN: AMANDA EDWARDGETTY IMAGES; TWIN PEAKS: ABC
70 time October 20, 2014
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On Becoming a Better Feminist
I work to publicize HeForShe, though not as hard
as I work to publicize my working for HeForShe
Donahue, she was equally ummoxed.
Im from Zimbabwe, she explained.
Looking for more concrete advice, I
called my mom. She had small concerns
about some references in my columns but
was more worried about my 5-year-old
son Laszlo. He had recently told her that
her husband and I were smart but that
she and my lovely wife Cassandra were
pretty. She thought this might stem
from the fact that Im always telling Cas-
sandra that shes pretty instead of smart.
The problem, I explained, is that I get
a ton of credit with Cassandra when I call
her pretty. My mom said the sexist priori-
ties society had instilled in Cassandra were
no excuse to further propagate them. So
I immediately walked over to Cassandra
and said, You were really smart today.
About what? she asked. This does not
happen when I tell her she looks pretty.
The decisions you made, I said.
What decisions? she asked.
i am an ardent feminist,
which surprises many peo-
ple because I spend so much
time objectifying women.
But Ive been a feminist ever
since I was a little kid, when my mom,
who was the vice president of our local
League of Women Voters chapter, got me
addicted to the Free to Be . . . You and Me
album, which taught me that its all right
to cry, why boys can have dolls and how
to pick up and put down a record needle
to skip Atalanta.
Now I give all my Kiva microloans
to female entrepreneurs, and I once
watched most of a WNBA game. I believe
not only that its my responsibility to
ght for equality but also that its impor-
tant I should do it in a public fashion so
that I can distract people from my objecti-
cation issues. I want women to say, For
a second, I thought Joel was staring at my
chest, but then I realized he was staring
at my heart, which is equal to his heart.
So I offered my services to Elizabeth
Nyamayaro, a senior adviser at U.N.
Women and the project manager for its
HeForShe campaign, which asks men to
ght for womens causes. She suggested
I go to heforshe.org and click on a but-
ton proclaiming my commitment to
feminism and then post a sele holding a
sign that reads #heforshe, as did Harry
Styles, Russell Crowe and Chris Colfer.
I told her I was ready for a bigger role,
one that possibly required interacting
with another human being, especially
since I needed to make amends for put-
ting too much emphasis on womens
attractiveness in my column. This is
inspiring, she said. I think your story is
so powerful that we can nd something
much more prominent for you. I told
her that going to high schools and telling
kids not to use the word boobs too much in
their humor columns wasnt the kind of
thing that was going to make me my gen-
erations Alan Alda. Who is Alan Alda?
she asked. When I compared him to Phil
About what sink to buy and where
to put the washing machine, I offered.
Then Cassandra said two words that
many women have said to many men.
My mom, who was still on the phone
and heard all this, suggested that I bring
the ght straight to Laszlo. Take every
opportunity to have him understand
what feminism means and why its very,
very important that women have equal
pay, she suggested.
That seemed like it might do more
harm than good, putting ideas in his
head that werent there, but as a soldier
for HeForShe, I couldnt run from a chal-
lenge. You know boys and girls are as
smart as each other, right? I asked Laszlo.
No theyre not, he said. Boys are
smarter.
I explained that they were the same.
Either one is smarter or the other is
smarter, he said. Im sure they are.
Then I told him that women make 78
for every dollar a man makes for the same
job. He thought that wasnt fair, though
to be honest, he really only understands
numbers up to 30. When I asked him what
we should do about it, he said, We should
say, Pay that girl some more money! If
they dont listen, well get a different per-
son in our family to try. You and me will
try to convince them, then Mommy. Im
not entirely sure this was working.
Ill keep working on my son. Mean-
while, I asked Nyamayaro if I could do
something easier, like take on the trolls
who harassed Emma Watson after her
HeForShe speech at the U.N., threatening
to leak nonexistent naked photos. Im
not going to recommend that you should
take on the bad guys. Our whole thing is
diplomacy, she said. When I mentioned
the U.N. soldiers who fought in Korea,
Somalia and Bosnia, and how I might call
HeForShe supporter Kiefer Sutherland for
some backup, she told me to stay at home.
I hope that you become a great force
for HeForShe. Why dont you start with
stopping porn? That sounds really great.
Its not easy being a male feminist.
THE AWESOME COLUMN
Joel Stein
Some discounts, coverages, payment plans and features are not available in all states or all GEICO companies. GEICO is a registered service mark of Government Employees Insurance
Company, Washington, D.C. 20076; a Berkshire Hathaway Inc. subsidiary. GEICO Gecko 1999-2014. 2014 GEICO
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10 Questions
Actor Jennifer Garner talks about what
she does on the Internet, sex ed and
beating Ben Afeck at the box ofce
72 time October 20, 2014
Of the many
preposterous dis-
guises she wore on
the TV show Alias,
Garner says this was
her least favorite
Your new movie Men, Women
& Children is about the effects
the Internet has on relation-
ships. Whats the biggest one
youve noticed?
People having a conversation,
but holding phones in their
hands and looking down and
typing as they do it. Im guilty
of it, so I have no judgment.
Have you gured out your
Internet policies as a family?
I have nothing gured out yet,
but I know that I like rules.
Ill probably watch how strict
the other moms are and try to
be one notch more strict. But
then again, my husband [Ben
Afeck] is much more con-
nected than I am, and he may
feel differently. Its denitely a
team sport, parenting.
Easy access to pornography
is another issue in this movie.
Do you have a position on it?
Im sure that pornography
is ne for consenting adults.
Maybe its dehumanizing, but
that doesnt mean it doesnt
have a place among adults
who are aware of what theyre
doing. The problem is when
kids happen upon it by ac-
cident and that becomes their
reference for sex.
Have you given any thought to
how youll teach your kids [who
are 8, 5 and 2] about sex?
Ive given it a lot of thought,
especially for my daughters.
Ive gone to hear specialists
talk. Ive read books. It doesnt
mean that I have anything
more gured out than anyone
else. I want them to see sex
as something joyful, as a gift,
as a celebration of love and of
their bodies. And it makes me
feel really cool and hippieish
to think of it that way.
Did you ever get the talk
as a kid?
I have the best parents in
the world, but no. Weve
still never addressed
it. Im waiting for
the talk, Mom,
Dad!
Have you ever used the Inter-
net to not be Jennifer Garner?
Ive taken classes online, and
one of them was this class
that Nick Kristof taught when
Half the Sky was coming out.
And I was very involved in the
class discussions and in the
comments, but not as myself.
I really enjoyed that.
You donated to the guber-
natorial campaign of Wendy
Davis in Texas. How inter-
ested are you in politics?
My interest is becoming
more specicless about
the party, more about if you
are a candidate who sup-
ports early childhood edu-
cation. This is connected
to my work with Save
the Children, which is
entering the political
realm a little bit. Weve
been raising money, and
were going to use it to
try to inuence a couple of
campaigns. There is no NRA
for kids, no AARP for kids.
You often play disciplined,
almost uptight people. Are
you like that in real life?
I am disciplined when I need
to be. Im disciplined about
motherhood. I still work out at
5:30 a.m. almost every day. But
Im also a total ake. Im in
charge of a kindergarten cof-
fee next week, and I forgot to
write down what everyone
was supposed to bring.
Bens new lm Gone Girl
came out the same day
yours did. Is there a contest
on which will make more
money?
I am not anticipating Men,
Women & Children taking
Gone Girl. But it would
feel great someday to
spank him at the box
ofce.
Your dogs are called
Martha Stewart and Gandhi.
How did you arrive at those
names?
Gandhi is my husbands
dog. I named my dog Mar-
tha Stewart because at the
timeMarthas 11that
cooking show was my reli-
gion. I would time my audi-
tions around it. [Eventually]
I got on the show. And Ive
made that Thanksgiving
turkey every Thanksgiving
since, thank you very much.
belinda luscombe
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