Mole Relationships

in Chemical
Reactions
Ena Legaspi
Gelline Nicolas
Joshua Nguyen
Rosanne Tam
Andrew Tran














Problem Statement:
To determine which reactant controls how much product is collected and its mass by
combining given masses of reactants.

Hypothesis:

Manipulated Variable: The mass of CuSO4(aq)
Responding Variables: The mass of Cu(s) and FeSO4(aq)
Controlled Variables: The type of filter paper

Material:
- Filter Paper
- Safety Goggles
- 1.80g to 2.0 gram of Copper (II) Sulfate Pentahydrate
- Distilled Water
- 0.30 gram steel wool
- Retort stand
- Clamp
- Watch Glass
- Glass Rod
- Weight
- A 250mL beaker
- Filter funnel
- Oven
- Lab coat

Procedure:
1) Using a spatula, place 1.80 g to 2.20 g of Copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate in 1mL
of distilled water in a 250 mL beaker. Record the mass of copper (II) sulfate
pentahydrate used. Add 0.30g of steel wool to this solution. Again, record the
mass used. Swirl the contents of the beaker until the reaction is complete
2) Determine the mass of a piece of filter paper.
3) Use the retort stand and clamp to hold the funnel. Decant the supernatant solution
from the beaker using the glass rod. Dispose of this solution in the waste
container provided.
4) Push the residue from the beaker into the filter paper using a few small squirts of
distilled water from the wash bottle, and a rubber policeman.
5) After filtering, remove the filter paper and its contents from the funnel and dry
them in a drying oven at 100C or at room temperature overnight.
6) Determine the mass of the residue.
7) Dispose of the filter paper and its contents as directed by your teacher.
8) Calculate the moles of reactants and moles of product.





Data Table:
Before After
Qualitative Quantitative Qualitative Quantitative
Fe(s) Dark silver 3.0g FeSO4(aq)
CuSO4(aq) Sky blue solution 2.0g Cu(s) Brown, solid 0.31g

Analysis:

The mass of copper that should have been produced in this experiment:
Fe(s) +CuSO4(aq) FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
3.0g Fe(s) x 1 mol Fe(s)/ 55.85g Fe(s) = 0.05372 mol Fe(s)
2.0g CuSO4 (aq) x 1 mol CuSO4/ 159.62g CuSO4 (aq) = 0.0125298 mol CuSO4

0.0125298mol CuSO4 x 1mol Cu(s)/ 1 mol CuSO4 x 63.55g Cu(s)/ 1 mol Cu(s)
= 0.80g Cu

Percentage yield:
0.31g/ 0.80g x100% =38.75%

Percentage error:
[(0.80g-0.31g) / 0.80] x100% = 61.25%


Which reagent is in excess?
Fe(s)

By how much?
0.0125298 mol CuSO4 x 1mol Fe(s)/ 1mol CuSO4(aq) =0.0125298

0.05372 -0.0125298= 0.041mol Fe(s)

Source of error:



Conclusion: