CONSTRUCTION LOADS:

The termCONSTRUCTION LOADING is typically uses to describe Loads from workers and
Building materials on an unfinished structure.
Construction Loads shall be placed only on fully restrained and braced structures.
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Employers must not place construction loads on a concrete structure or portion of a
concrete structure unless the employer determines, based on information received from a
person who is qualified in structural design, that the structure or portion of the structure is
capable of supporting the intended loads.

The character and magnitude of loads produced during heavy lifting, rigging, and handling
operations may be significantly different from the service loads for which a particular
installation has been designed. These differences mandate the necessity for an evaluation of
their effects to ensure that construction will proceed in a safe and expeditious manner,
consistent with the project plan, and will result in a high quality installation upon its
completion.



Vehicular & construction Loads.






Corrugated dual wall HDPE pipes are designed to
carry H25 live loads (40,000 lbs. Axle legal load) with
12 inches of cover. This assumes a well compacted
embedment and includes the subbase material for
installations under pavement. For 54 and 60 the
minimum cover for H25 loads is 24 inches and again is
measured from top of pipe to bottom of flexible
pavement.

Very heavy construction traffic poses additional concern for buried flexible pipe when buried at
shallow depths. The extremely high loads created by construction vehicles can potentially reduce
the safety factors below reasonable levels in minimum cover conditions. It is recommended that
three feet of cover be used over the pipe in installations involving construction vehicles between
30T and 60T. This additional cover can simply be mounded and compacted over the pipe during
the construction phase and then graded following construction. Hydrohammers or hoe-pak
compactors may not be used over the pipe until at least 36 inches of compacted cover is ac hieved.


IBM PureData System for Transactions

Floor construction and floor loading
Use the following formulas to calculate the floor loads for the system.
A floor loading assessment is the evaluation of the concrete subfloor, not the raised floor.
The weight of the raised floor is considered in the floor loading formula.
The building floor must support the weight of the equipment to be installed. Although
older devices might impose 345 kg/m
2
(75 lb/ft
2
) on the building floor, a typical system
design imposes a load of no more than 340 kg/m
2
(70 lb/ft
2
). The following pounds-per-
square-foot (lb/ft
2
) formula is used to calculate floor loading. For assistance with floor
load evaluation, contact a structural engineer.
Floor Loading is: ( machine weight + (15 lb/ft2 x 0.5 svc clear) + (10 lb/ft2 x total area))/
total area
The floor loading should not exceed 240 kg/m
2
(50 lb/ft
2
) with a partition
allowance of 100 kg/m
2
(20 lb/ft
2
) for a total floor load rating of 340 kg/m
2
(70
lb/ft
2
).
The raised-floor weight plus the cable weight adds 50 kg/m
2
(10 lb/ft
2
) uniformly
across the total area used in calculations and is included in the 340 kg/m
2
(70
lb/ft
2
) floor loading. The total area is defined as: machine area + 0.5 service
clearance.
When the service clearance area is also used to distribute machine weight (weight
distribution/service clearance), 75 kg/m
2
(15 lb/ft
2
) is considered for personnel
and equipment traffic. The distribution weight is applied over 0.5 of the clearance
up to a maximum of 760 mm (30 in.) as measured from the machine frame.
In the multi-story slabs connected by shores, generally, additional
construction load is newly super imposed at the time when new concrete
is cast at the top floor, and at the time when shores are removed at the
bottom floor. Generally, the construction live load excluding the slabs self
weight account for 50 percent of the slabs self weight D (ACI 347,
2005). Thus, the total superimposed load at the top floor becomes 1.5D ,
which indicates that the loadratio LR at this construction stage is 1.5.
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Read the article Effects of shore stiffness and concrete cracking on slab
construction load attached to calculate the construction load on slab.
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Building Component Safety Information: A booklet jointly produced by
Structural Buildings Component Association(SBCA) & Truss Plate Institute(TPI)
for information on Construction Loads on Roofs. Chapter BCSI-B4 on
Construction loads.
Also check the table B4-1 for the max. height of stacking materials on roof truss.
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Do not stack materials at locations that will produce instability, such as cantilever
or truss to girder connections.
Do distribute the construction loads over a large area and in small heaps instead of
huge heap.
Do not drop the construction loads- materials which may transmit IMPACT
FORCE on the member over which it is stored.

Stack materials for a short period say a week or 2 weeks.



See how heavy the staked materials on roof.






Compiled by Er.T.RangaRajan.