Modules for Statistical

Methods

S u b m i t t e d t o :
D r . R e y n a l d o T . G a b a l e s
P r o f e s s o r
M u l t i v a r i a t e A n a l y s i s
E d u c 7 0 2 M u l t i v a r i a t e
A n a l y s i s
Sherwin Kenneth N. Sabellano, MA.Ed-ECE
Dev. Ed. D.-ECE Student
Educ 702
Multivariate
Analysis
MODULES FOR STATISTICAL METHODS

1

MODULE 3
How to Compute Coefficient of Contingency through the Chi- Square
(Testing the Significant Correlation between 2 Variables)
I. Formula:
C = X
2


N+ X
2

C = Coefficient of contingency
X
2
= chi-square
N = Number of cases

II. Problem and Hypothesis
Is there a significant correlation between marriage adjustment and education of
husbands? Test at .05 level of significance.
Hypothesis
RH: Is there a significant correlation between marriage adjustment and
education of husbands?
Ho: There is no significant correlation between marriage adjustment and
education of Husbands.
H1: There is a significant correlation between marriage adjustment and
education of Husbands.
III. Statistical Procedure
Step 1: Record observed frequencies as follows
Ed. of
Husbands
Marriage Adjustment levels
V. low Low High V. high Total
Grad.
Work 4 9 38 54 105
College 20 31 55 99 205
H.S. 23 37 41 51 152
Elem 11 10 11 19 51
Total 58 87 145 223 513

Educ 702
Multivariate
Analysis
MODULES FOR STATISTICAL METHODS

2

Step 2: Compute the e of each cell by Multiplying the marginal sums and dividing
this by the total number (N).

Cell a = 58 x 105 = 11.87 Cell i = 58 x 152 = 17.19
513 513

Cell b = 87 x 105 = 17.81 Cell j = 87 x 152 = 25.58
513 513

Cell c = 145 x 105 = 29.68 Cell k = 145 x 152 = 42.96
513 513

Cell d = 223 x 105 = 45.64 Cell l = 223 x 152 = 66.07
513 513

Cell e = 58 x 205 = 23.18 Cell m = 58 x 51 = 5.77
513 513

Cell f = 87 x 205 = 34.77 Cell n = 87 x 51 = 8.65
513 513

Cell g = 145 x 205 = 57.94 Cell o = 145 x 51 = 14.42
513 513

Cell h = 223 x 205 = 89.11 Cell p = 223 x 51 = 22.17
513 513

Step 3: Substitute the es in the Chi square formula and perform the indicated
operations.


X
2
= [ ( O E )
2
]
E

X
2
= 5.22+4.36+2.33+1.53+13.44+0.44+0.41+0.15+1.10+2.09+
1.97+4.89+0.09+3.44+10.38+4.75+0.21+0.81+0.45+6.22

X
2
=32.13

Educ 702
Multivariate
Analysis
MODULES FOR STATISTICAL METHODS

3

Cell a = ( 4 11.87 )
2
=5.22 Cell i = ( 23 17.19 )
2
= 1.97
11.87 17.19

Cell b = ( 9 17.81)
2
=4.36 Cell j = ( 37 25.78 )
2
= 4.89
17.81 25.58

Cell c = ( 38 29.68 )
2
= 2.33 Cell k = ( 41 42.96 )
2
= 0.09
29.68 42.96

Cell d = ( 54 45.64 )
2
= 1.53 Cell l = ( 51 66.07 )
2
= 3.44
45.64 66.07

Cell e = ( 20 23.18)
2
= 0.44 Cell m = ( 11 5.77 )
2
= 4.75
23.18 5.77

Cell f = ( 31 34.77 )
2
= 0.41 Cell n = ( 10 8.65 )
2
= 0.21
34.77 8.65

Cell g = ( 55 57.94 )
2
= 0.15 Cell o = ( 11 14.42 )
2
= 0.81
57.94 14.42

Cell h = ( 99 89.11 )
2
= 1.10 Cell p = ( 19 22.17 )
2
= 0.45
89.11 22.17

IV. Matching Computed Value with Tabled Value:
Computed Value Critical Value at .05
X
2
=32.13 df= (r-1) (c-1)
df = (4-1)(4-1)
= (3)(3)
df = 9
See tabled value of df= 9

= .05(9) = 16.92

V. Findings
X
2
(32.13) >

=.05 (16.92)
The chi-square value of 32.13 is greater than the critical value at 16.92).
Relationship, therefore, is established between marriage adjustment level and
Educ 702
Multivariate
Analysis
MODULES FOR STATISTICAL METHODS

4

education of husbands. We will now proceeds to test the significance of the relationship
with the t- test through the Coefficient of Contingency.
Step 4: Compute C by substituting X
2
in the following formula:
C = X
2


N+ X
2
C = 32.13 = 0.24

513+ 32.13
C = 0.24
Step 5: Correct C to approximate to the value r.
If 3 categories ------------------------------------- C/.82
If 4 categories ------------------------------------- C/.84
If 5 categories ------------------------------------- C/.87
C= 0.24/.84 = 0.29 (substantial or marked relationship)

Step 6: Test the significance of C with the t test. Substitute the value of C in the
following formula:

t= C N - 2 t =0.29 513 - 2
1-(C) 1 - .29

T= 0.29 511
0 .71
t= 0.29 (26.8275662)
t= 7.7799942
t= 7.78 subject this value to hypothesis
testing.is marriage adjustment level
associated with marriage
adjustment.

1. r from .00 to + .20 very low or negligible
2. r from + - .20 to + - .40 low (present but slight)
3. r from + - .40 to + - .70 substantial or marked
4. r from +- .70 to +- 1.00 high to very high

Educ 702
Multivariate
Analysis
MODULES FOR STATISTICAL METHODS

5


VI. Matching Computed value with the critical value:

Computed Value Critical Value at .05
X
2
= 7.78 df= N-2
df = 513-2
df = 511
.05 (9) = 1.96

A. Findings: t (7.78) is greater than .05 (1.96)
The t-value of 7.78 is greater than the critical value 1.96.
B. Decisions: Reject H
o

There is a significant correlation between marriage adjustment levels and
education of the students.
C. Interpretation/ Implications
This means that the researcher is 95% confident that there is a significant
correlation between marriage adjustment levels and education of the students. As the
educational attainment of husband is higher the level of marriage adjustment also
increases. Thus, both variables are comparable.