Computernetworkingnotes Com Switching Vlan STP VTP DTP Ether

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Basic Switch configurations commands
In this article I will introduce the Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS) command line
interface (CLI) for the 2960 series switch. You will need to logon to a switch and become familiar
with the different levels of access on the switch. You will also become familiar with the
commands available to you in each mode (user or privileged) and the switch help facility, history,
and editing features.
User vs. Privileged Mode
User mode is indicated with the > next to the switch name. You can look at settings but can not
make changes from user mode. In Privilege mode, indicated by the #, you can do anything. To
get into privilege mode the keyword is enable.
HELP
To view all commands available from this mode type:?This will give you the list of all available
commands for the switch in your current mode. You can also use the question mark after you
have started typing a command. For example if you want to use a show command but you do
not remember which one it is, use the ? as this will output all commands that you can use with
the show command.
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Configuration Mode
From privilege mode you can enter configuration mode by typing config term command you can
exit configuration mode type type end or <CTL>+z
Configuration of Cisco 2960 Switch
To practically implement these command either create a simple topology on packet tracer or
download this topology.
Ddownload Topology
Now click on any switch and configure it as given below
To know all available command on user exec mode type ? and press enter
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Switch>?
Exec commands:
[1-99] Session number to resume
connect Open a terminal connection
disconnect Disconnect an existing network
connection
enable Turn on privileged commands
exit Exit from the EXEC
logout Exit from the EXEC
ping Send echo messages
[Output is omitted]
Three command can be used to logout from terminal.
Switch>enable
Switch#disable
Switch>exit
Switch con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
show version Command will display the device platform, detected interface, ios name
Switch>enable
Switch#show version
Cisco IOS Software, C2960 Software (C2960-LANBASE-M),
Version
12.2(25)FX, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)
Copyright (c) 1986-2005 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 12-Oct-05 22:05 by pt_team
ROM: C2960 Boot Loader (C2960-HBOOT-M) Version 12.2(25r)FX,
RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc4)
System returned to ROM by power-on
Cisco WS-C2960-24TT (RC32300) processor (revision C0) with
21039K bytes of memory.
24 FastEthernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
2 Gigabit Ethernet/IEEE 802.3 interface(s)
[Output is omitted]
show mac address Command will show all detected mac address dynamically and manually
Switch#show mac-address-table
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
1 0001.643a.5501 DYNAMIC Gig1/1
To view run time configuration of RAM use show running-config command
Switch#show running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 925 bytes
version 12.2
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
[Output is omitted]
To view startup configuration [ Stored in NVRAM] use show startup-config command
Switch#show startup-config
Current configuration : 925 bytes
version 12.2
no service password-encryption
!
hostname Switch
[Output is omitted]
To get information about VLAN configuration use show vlan command
Switch#show vlan
VLAN Name Status Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -----------
------------
1 default active Fa0/1, Fa0/2,
Fa0/3, Fa0/4
Fa0/5, Fa0/6,
Fa0/7, Fa0/8
Fa0/9, Fa0/10,
Fa0/11, Fa0/12
Fa0/13, Fa0/14,
Fa0/15, Fa0/16
Fa0/17, Fa0/18,
Fa0/19, Fa0/20
Fa0/21, Fa0/22,
Fa0/23, Fa0/24
[Output is omitted]
show interface command will show all detected interface with their hardware description and
configuration
Switch#show interfaces
FastEthernet0/1 is up, line protocol is up (connected)
Hardware is Lance, address is 0060.2f9d.9101 (bia
0060.2f9d.9101)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
[Output is omitted]
interface vlan 1 is used to assign ip address and default gateway to switch. Show interface
vlan 1 will give a over view of vlan1.
Switch#show interface vlan1
Vlan1 is administratively down, line protocol is down
Hardware is CPU Interface, address is 0060.5c23.82ae
(bia 0060.5c23.82ae)
MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 1000000 usec,
reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255
Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set
ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00
[Output is omitted]
delete command is used to delete all vlan configuration from switch Dont add space between
flash and vlan.dat Run this exactly shown here adding a space could erase flash entirely leaving
switch blank
Switch#delete flash:vlan.dat
Delete filename [vlan.dat]?
Delete flash:/vlan.dat? [confirm]
%deleting flash:/vlan.dat
Startup configuration can be removed by erase commands
Switch#erase startup-config
Erasing the nvram filesystem will remove all configuration
files!
Continue? [confirm]
[OK]
Erase of nvram: complete
%SYS-7-NV_BLOCK_INIT: Initialized the geometry of nvram
Basic Switch Configuration Step by Step
use configure terminal command to go in global configuration mode
Switch#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with
CNTL/Z.
Now change default switch name to switch 1
Switch(config)#hostname Switch1
Set enable password to vinita and secret to nikki
Switch1(config)#enable password vinita
Switch1(config)#enable secret nikki
Set console password to vinita and enable it by login command. Order of command is
important. Set password before you enable it.
Switch1(config)#line console 0
Switch1(config-line)#password vinita
Switch1(config-line)#login
Switch1(config-line)#exit
Enable 5 telnet session [ vty0 - vty4] for router and set their password to vinita
Switch1(config)#line vty 0 4
Switch1(config-line)#password vinita
Switch1(config-line)#login
Switch1(config-line)#exit
Now set switch ip address to 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0 and default gateway to 192.168.0.5
Switch1(config)#interface vlan1
Switch1(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0
Switch1(config-if)#exit
Switch1(config)#ip default-gateway 192.168.0.5
Set a description finance VLAN to interface fast Ethernet 1
Switch1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
Switch1(config-if)#description finance VLAN
By default switch automatically negotiate speed and duplex but you can adjust it manually
Switch1(config-if)#duplex full
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state
to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
FastEthernet0/1,
changed state to downSwitch1
(config-if)#duplex auto
to up
Switch1(config-if)#duplex half
to down
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface
FastEthernet0/1,
changed state to down
to up
Switch1(config-if)#duplex auto
Switch1(config-if)#speed 10
Switch1(config-if)#speed 100
Switch1(config-if)#speed auto
Switch1(config-if)#exit
Switch1(config)#exit
mac address table can be wiped out by clear commands
Switch1#show
Switch1#show mac-address-table
Mac Address Table
-------------------------------------------
Vlan Mac Address Type Ports
---- ----------- -------- -----
1 0001.643a.5501 DYNAMIC Gig1/1
Switch1#clear mac-address-table
Switch1#clear mac-address-table ?
dynamic dynamic entry type
Switch1#clear mac-address-table dynamic
To restart switch use reload command [ running configuration will be erased so copy it first to
To restart switch use reload command [ running configuration will be erased so copy it first to
startup configuration ]
Switch1#reload
Proceed with reload? [confirm]
Switch con0 is now available
Press RETURN to get started.
CCNA basic switch configuration commands sheet
Command descriptions
switch>?
The ? works here the same as in a router Used to get the
list of all available commands
switch>enable User mode, same as a router
switch# Privileged mode
switch#disable Leaves privileged mode
switch>exit Leaves user mode
switch#show version Displays information about software and hardware.
switch#show flash:
Displays information about flash memory (will work only
for the 2900/2950 series).
switch#show mac-address-
table
Displays the current MAC address forwarding table
.
switch#show running-
config
Displays the current configuration in DRAM.
switch#show startup-config Displays the current configuration in NVRAM.
switch#show vlan Displays the current VLAN configuration.
switch#show interfaces
Displays the interface configuration and status of line:
up/up, up/down, admin down.
switch#show interface
vlan1
Displays setting of virtual interface VLAN 1, the default
VLAN on the switch.
To Reset Switch Configuration
Switch#delete
flash:vlan.dat
Removes the VLAN database from flash memory.
Delete filename [vlan.dat]? Press Enter
Delete flash:vlan.dat?
[confirm]
Press Enter
Switch#erase startup-
config
Erases the file from NVRAM.
Switch#reload Restarts the switch.
To Set Host Names
Switch#configure terminal Moves to global configuration mode
Switch(config)#hostname
Switch1
Creates a locally significant host name of the switch.
This is the same command as the router.
Switch1(config)#
To Set Passwords
Switch(config)#enable
password vinita
Sets the enable password to vinita
Switch(config)#enable
secret nikki
Sets the encrypted secret password to nikki
Switch(config)#line console
0
Enters line console mode
Switch(config-line)#login Enables password checking
Switch(config-
line)#password vinita
Sets the password to vinita
Switch(config-line)#exit Exits line console mode
Switch(config-line)#line vty
0 4
Enters line vty mode for all five virtual ports
Switch(config-line)#login Enables password checking
Switch(config-
Switch(config-
line)#password vinita
Sets the password to vinita
Switch(config-line)#exit Exits line vty mode
Switch(config)#
To Set IP Addresses and Default Gateways
Switch(config)#interface
vlan1
Enters the virtual interface for VLAN 1, the default VLAN
on the switch
Switch(config-if)#ip address
192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0
Sets the IP address and netmask to allow for remote
access to the switch
Switch(config-if)#exit
Switch(config)#ip default-
gateway 192.168.0.5
Allows IP information an exit past the local network
To Set Interface Descriptions
fastethernet 0/1
Enters interface configuration mode
Switch(config-
if)#description Finance
VLAN
Adds a description of the interface
To Set Duplex Operation
fastethernet 0/1
Moves to interface configuration mode
Switch(config-if)#duplex
full
Forces full-duplex operation
auto
Enables auto-duplex config
half
Forces half-duplex operation
To Set Operation Speed
fastethernet 0/1
Switch(config-if)#speed 10 Forces 10-Mbps operation
Switch(config-if)#speed 100 Forces 100-Mbps operation
Switch(config-if)#speed
auto
Enables autospeed configuration
MAC Address Table
switch#show mac address-
table
Displays current MAC address forwarding table
switch#clear mac address-
table
Deletes all entries from current MAC address forwarding
table
switch#clear mac address-
table dynamic
Deletes only dynamic entries from table
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Written by Sanjay Kumar
Comments
# Riscks D.Kollie,JR 2014-07-24 11:13
Very much good help me a lot to do more practice
# Cidriek 2014-06-27 12:34
Thanks for the info. In fact, you did answered my questions. Thanks!
# astro 2014-06-25 06:48
It so easy to understand I LIKED it.Thanks
# chenthil 2014-06-20 18:40
good guide we can easily understand
# maliro ivan 2014-06-18 14:59
thanks very much , it is a nice and well summarized,easi ly understandable and really
they have helped me alot
MAY THE ALMIGHTY LORD REWARD U
# Jorsef 2014-06-06 03:35
Very helpful thanks so mcuh
# A.Rahman 2014-05-18 06:19
Cool Info keep it up. :>
# Raj 2014-05-12 10:32
How to create access list to allow SSH access for few IP address (eg 10.149.21.0/24)
# rajkumar 2014-05-12 06:57
Very good information
# krishna 2014-04-09 06:21
good add more commands
# sunil chambhore 2014-03-13 06:16
i have learning that time no chance for me very hard work to learning.thank you for me
advise.
# Calvan 2014-02-13 06:30
no mention,use the right command and all working good
# aditya 2014-01-20 16:44
VERY GOOD METHOD AND THANKU FOR computernetwork ingnotes
# Calvan 2014-02-13 06:28
No mention,As long the command is correct and jageted .Is good to have it.
# Collins285 2014-01-12 19:22
Thank you so much at least I can start somewhere with people like you around.
# Eelo 2013-12-05 18:25
Really great guide but you forgot what is probably the most important command:
copy running-config startup-config
otherwise any changes you may have jsut made to your configuration will just go right out
the window other than that good job.
# Mega 2014-02-14 02:22
Um nice guide. But i wonder what is copy running-config startup-config?
# Eelo 2014-02-17 13:37
Its the command that overwrites the current startup confuguration with the current
running configuration. in other words if you dont use it all the changes made to
your switch will be lost when it shuts off
# GURULINGAPPA 2013-12-05 02:33
it's useful for fresher
# putar 2013-12-04 14:44
nice guide, thank you so much
# akpro aim flix 2013-12-03 16:12
I am very glad I had with you this doc
# jasmine 2013-11-29 19:50
Thanks for your outstanding memorial encounter and I also had such an experience
Remote control system for lights and fans
# vijo 2013-11-07 09:20
iam not able to send a message from the pc0 to pc2..help plz
# Joshua Bachuba 2013-11-05 17:26
excellent guide, it is helpfully
# wadood masood 2013-10-14 05:12
wowwwwwwww grate ??????????????? ? nice method
# Ramesh 2013-10-11 14:11
thanks a lot....this information help me a lot......thank you verymuch
# come2i 2013-10-07 13:41
hi
how come i cannot config interface ip address on a cisco switch 2960 in packet tracer
Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.0.10 255.255.255.0
help the new beeeeee
# suman 2013-10-04 10:34
it is very good medium to understand ......thanku u cisco.
# bharat rathod 2013-09-24 07:34
OOOOOOOSUM every single line is very useful if anyone want to know about switching
he or she do not need to go any where else..good guide and method....
thanx verry verry much
# Ravishankar 2013-09-24 04:14
Very good information, thanks a lot for sharing the switch details.
# vineeth 2013-09-10 10:50
great,i liked very much.
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# P.K.pandya 2013-09-08 08:36
good guide.......... ...
# Ajaz Wani 2013-09-07 07:19
OOOOOOOSUM every single line is very useful if anyone want to know about switching
he or she do not need to go any where else..
I am very thankfull who ever is behind this. Thanks sir thanks very much this helps me a
lot.
# krishna p acharya 2013-09-03 06:12
good guide and method....
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