8 Worksheet (AS)

Data needed to answer questions can be found in the Data, formulae and relationships sheet.
1 Two springs X and Y have spring constants k and 2k respectively.
Spring X is stretched by a force F and spring Y is stretched by a force 2F. ach spring obeys
!oo"e#s law during the e$tension.
The wor" done in stretching spring X is W
X
and the wor" done in stretching spring Y is W
Y
.
%hat is the relationship between W
X
and W
Y
&
A W
Y
'
2
(
W
X
B W
Y
' W
X
C W
Y
' 2W
X
D W
Y
' )W
X
2 *our wires A, B, C and D have diameters, lengths and are stretched by forces as shown. +ll the
wires are made of the same material.
%hich wire has the smallest e$tension&
3 The force on a sample of a material is slowly increased and then slowly decreased. The
force,e$tension graph is shown in the diagram.
%hich area represents the net wor" done on the sample during the complete process& -(.
A P + Q B Q + R C P + Q R D P + Q + R
+S and + /evel 0hysics 1riginal material 2 3ambridge 4niversity 0ress 25(5 1
F
A B C D
d
l
2d d 2d
2l
2F
F 2F
8 Worksheet
4 %hich statement is true about rubber, a polymeric material& -(.
A + normal rubber band brea"s when the strain is greater than (.
B + normal rubber band brea"s when the strain is less than (56.
C %hen a small amount of sulfur is added, to provide cross7lin"s between molecules in
rubber, the elastic limit is reduced.
D %hen a small amount of sulfur is added, to provide cross7lin"s between molecules in
rubber, the ultimate tensile stress is reduced.
5 %hat is equal to the Young modulus& -(.
A The area between a force,e$tension graph and the e$tension a$is.
B The area between a stress,strain graph and the stress a$is.
C The gradient of a force,e$tension graph.
D The gradient of a stress,strain graph.
6 Springs and wires obey !oo"e#s law. State !oo"e#s law. -(.
7 + spring has a natural length of 2.8 cm. + force of ).5 9 e$tends the spring to a length
of :.2 cm.
a %hat is the e$tension of the spring& -(.
b Determine the force ;spring< constant k for the spring in 9 m
=(
. ->.
c 3alculate the e$tension of the spring when a tensile force of :.5 9 is applied. You may
assume that the spring has not e$ceeded its elastic limit. -2.
8 The diagram shows the stress,strain graphs for two wires A and B made from different materials.
The wires have the same length and cross7sectional area. $plain which of the materials is?
a brittle -(.
b stiffer -(.
c stronger. -(.
+S and + /evel 0hysics 1riginal material 2 3ambridge 4niversity 0ress 25(5 2
8 Worksheet
9 + graph of force F against e$tension x is shown for a spring.
a 4se the graph to determine the force ;spring< constant k of the spring. -2.
b 3alculate the energy stored ;elastic potential energy< in the spring when its e$tension is
8.5 cm. ->.
10 + length of cable of diameter (.2 mm is under a tension of (85 9. 3alculate the stress in the
cable. ->.
11 + metal wire of diameter 5.:@ mm and natural length (.8 m is fi$ed firmly to the ceiling at one
end. %hen a :.@ "g mass is hung from the free end, the wire e$tends by 2.@ mm. 3alculate?
a the stress in the wire ->.
b the Young modulus of the material of the wire. -).
12 The diagram shows two springs X and Y connected
in series and supporting a weight of @.5 9. The force
constants of the springs are shown on the diagram.
a 3alculate the e$tension of each spring. -2.
b Determine the force ;spring< constant for the
combination. -2.
c +ccording to a student, the force constant for the
springs in series is the sum of the force constants
of the individual springs. As the student correct& -(.
+S and + /evel 0hysics 1riginal material 2 3ambridge 4niversity 0ress 25(5 3
8 Worksheet
13 + (@5 g trolley is placed on a frictionless air trac". 1ne end of the trolley is attached to a spring
of force constant 85 9 m
=(
. The trolley is pushed against a fi$ed support so that the compression
of the spring is @.5 cm. The trolley is then released.
a %hat is the initial acceleration of the trolley when it is released& ->.
b %hat is the initial energy stored in the spring& ->.
c 3alculate the final speed of the trolley along the air trac". You may assume that there is
(556 transfer of energy from the spring to the trolley. -2.
14 The force,e$tension graph for a length of metal wire is shown below.
a The gradient of the graph is equal to the
force constant k of the wire. Show that
the force constant k is given by?
k '
l
EA
where E is the Young modulus of the metal,
A is the cross7sectional area of the wire and
l is the natural length of the wire. -).
b $plain how the gradient of the force,e$tension
graph would change for a wire of
the same material but?
i twice the length -(.
ii twice the radius. -(.
Total?
)B
Score? 6
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