1

The National Early

Recovery and
Reconstruction Plan
for GAZA
International
Conference in Support
of the Reconstruction
of Gaza

Cairo,
Arab Republic of Egypt
October 2014
State of Palestine
3
1
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The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
2
ACRONYMS 4
FOREWORD 6
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 7
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 8
SECTION 1: SETTING THE CONTEXT 12
1.1 Counting the Losses 14
1.2 The National Consensus Government: Priority Agenda 15
1.2.1 Institutional and Legal Agenda 15
1.2.2 Economic and Fiscal Agenda 16
1.3 The Vision for Gaza: Integration and Economic Development 17
1.4 The Private Sector: A Key Role in Economic Revival 19
SECTION 2: PLANNING FOR RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION 20
2.1 Preparation of the Plan 22
2.2 Guiding Principles 22
2.3 Coverage of the Plan 24
2.3.1 Relief 24
2.3.2 Early Recovery 24
2.3.2 Reconstruction 25
2.4 Prerequisites for Efective Implementation of the Plan 26
2.4.1 A New Arrangement for Movement and Access 26
2.4.2 Sucient and Rapidly Disbursed Funding 27
2.4.3 Government Leadership and Eective Co-ordination 27
SECTION 3: GAZA RAPID ASSESSMENT OF DAMAGES AND NEEDS 28
3.1 Social Sector 31
3.1.1 Social Protection and Social Safety Nets 31
3.1.2 Health and Psychosocial Well-Being 32
3.1.3 Education 32
3.1.4 Civil Society, Community-Based Organizations, and Faith-Based Institutions 33
3.2 Infrastructure Sector 34
3.2.1 Clearance of Rubble and Explosive Remnants of War 34
3.2.2 Energy 34
3.2.3 Water and Waste Water 35
3.2.4 Shelter and Housing 36
3.2.5 Government Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure 36
3.2.6 Border Crossings 36
3.2.7 Roads 36
3.3 Economic Sector 37
3.3.1 Agriculture and Fishing 37
3.3.2 Industry and Manufacturing 38
3.3.3 Trade and Services 39
3.3.4 Employment and Livelihood 39
3.4 Governance Sector 40
3.4.1 Operational Capacity of Central Government Institutions 40
3.4.2 Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions 40
3.4.3 Rule of Law and Human Rights 41
3.4.4 Implementation and Coordination 41
Table of Contents
3
SECTION 4: RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION INTERVENTIONS 42
4.1 Social Sector 44
4.1.1 Social Protection and Social Safety Nets 44
4.1.2 Health and Psychosocial Well-Being 45
4.1.3 Education 46
4.1.4 Civil Society, Community-Based Organizations, and Faith-Based Institutions 47
4.1.5 Summary of Interventions in Social Sector 47
4.2 Infrastructure Sector 48
4.2.1 Clearance of Rubble and Explosive Remnants of War 48
4.2.2 Energy 49
4.2.3 Water and Waste Water 49
4.2.4 Shelter and Housing 50
4.2.5 Government Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure 51
4.2.6 Border Crossings 52
4.2.7 Roads 52
4.2.8 Summary of Interventions in Infrastructure Sector 53
4.3 Economic Sector 54
4.3.1 Agriculture and Fishing 54
4.3.2 Industry and Manufacturing 55
4.3.3 Trade and Services 56
4.3.4 Employment and Livelihood 56
4.3.5 Facilitating Investment 57
4.3.6 Summary of Interventions in Economic Sector 57
4.4 Governance Sector 57
4.4.1 Implementation and Coordination 58
4.4.1 Operational Capacity of Central Government Institutions 58
4.4.2 Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions 59
4.4.3 Rule of Law and Human Rights 60
4.4.4 Summary of Interventions in Governance Sector 60
SECTION 5: IMPLEMENTATION ARRANGEMENTS AND PERFORMANCE MONITORING 62
5.1 Government Leadership through the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee 64
5.2 Co-ordination with Partners 64
5.3 Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction Implementation Unit 65
5.4 Detailed Damage Assessments and Action Planning at Sector and Municipality Level 65
SECTION 6: FINANCING REQUIREMENTS AND MECHANISMS 66
6.1 Overview of Current Fiscal Situation 68
6.2 Summary of Recovery and Reconstruction Costs 69
6.3 Financing Mechanisms 71
Annex 1: Mapping of Financing Mechanisms 72
Photo credits: UNDP/PAPP photo archive - Ahed Izhiman, Shareef Sarhan, Media Town, Tanya Habjouqa
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
4
ACRONYMS
AHLC Ad Hoc Liaison Committee
AMA Access and Movement Agreement
ASP Agricultural Support Programme
CFW Cash For Work
CMWU Coastal Municipalities Water Utility
CSO Civil Society Organization
CSRP Commercial and Services Rehabilitation Programme
CTA Central Treasury Account
DARP Development Assistance and Reform Platform
EOD Explosive Ordnance Disposal
ERW Explosive Remnants of War
EU European Union
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization
GBV Gender-based Violence
GDP Gross Domestic Product
IDP Internally Displaced Person
ILO International Labor Organization
IRP Industrial Repair Programme
KV Kilovolt
LACS Local Aid Co-ordination Secretariat
MCM Million Cubic Meters
MIRA Multi-Cluster Initial Rapid Assessment
MOEHE Ministry of Education and Higher Education
MONE Ministry of National Economy
MOPAD Ministry of Planning and Administrative Development
MSME Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises
NFI Non-Food Item
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
OCHA Oce for the Coordination of Humanitarian Aairs
PEGASE Mcanisme Palestino-Europen de Gestion et d'Aide Socio-conomique
PFI Palestinian Federation of Industries
PID-MDTF Partnership for Infrastructure Development Multi-Donor Trust Fund
PRDP-MDTF Palestinian Reform and Development Plan Multi-Donor Trust Fund
PSS Psycho-Social Support
PWA Palestinian Water Authority
STLV Short Term Low Volume
TVET Technical Vocational Education and Training
UNDP/PAPP United Nations Development Programme
Programme of Assistance to the Palestinian People
UNEP United Nations Environmental Programme
UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientic and Cultural Organization
UNFPA United Nations Population Fund
UNICEF United Nations Childrens Fund
UNMAS United Nations Mine Action Service
UNRWA United Nations Relief and Works Agency
USD United States Dollar
WFP World Food Programme
WHO World Health Organization
5
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
6
FOREWORD
Gaza is once more in crisis. Seven weeks of bombardment and ground incursions have left thousands dead and injured and half a
million people displaced. The physical destruction is vast in scale. Yet it is the human loss that is truly incomprehensible and from
which will be the hardest to recover.
Palestinians living in Gaza have suered too long and too much. They deserve a future that is free from restriction, connement,
and destruction. With their resilience, ingenuity, and determination, our people in Gaza are more than capable of making the
coastal region of Palestine ourish and prosper.
Full recovery from years of conict and devastation can happen only if Gaza is once more connected with the West Bank,
including East Jerusalem, and all parts of Palestine are once more open to the world. Free movement of people and goods will
catalyze Gaza, catapulting it from its current crisis into socio-economic sustainability. Freedom of access must be guaranteed.
The borders must be opened. Trade must ow. People must travel.
The past months have been some of the grimmest in Palestinian history. And, yet, it was not a new experience. Since the Nakba
in 1948 until now, Palestinians have been forced through too many dark days. Israeli military action is constant, with massive
assaults in tragic repetition: in Gaza, six-year old children have already lived through three major assaults that have robbed them
of friends, family, and their childhood innocence.
But our Palestinian people will continue to move forward towards their dream of an independent, prosperous, and peaceful
state, with East Jerusalem as their capital. When Gaza last faced such destruction in 2009, Palestinian unity was still a distant
dream. Now, our people have achieved that unity, brought together by the National Consensus Government, formed just
weeks before the assault on Gaza began. Our Government will exert all eorts to recover, repair, and rebuild Gaza as an
integral region of Palestine.
We extend our hand to the international community, to our partners in peace and our friends in times of need. We challenge the
world to be ambitious and daring in helping us realize our dream of prosperity and justice in an independent state, free of military
occupation. An immediate measure is to end the blockade on Gaza and ensure our people never again experience the horrors of
this summer.
A brighter future is on the horizon. Give Palestinians in Gaza the tools, the opportunities, and the freedom to secure that future -
here and now.
Rami Hamdallah
Prime Minister
State of Palestine
7
State of Palestine
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This document was prepared by the Palestinian Governments Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee for Gaza Recovery and
Reconstruction, supported by the Inter-Governmental Technical Committee.
This Plan will be used to consolidate resources and responses to help the Palestinian people in Gaza rebuild their lives and
livelihoods. As such, it forms the basis for mobilizing resources and eorts at the international conference in Cairo, Egypt on
October 12, 2014 and provides the guiding framework for all relief, early recovery, and reconstruction interventions.
The Government would like to express its appreciation to the institutions that contributed to the development of this plan and
the rapid damage and needs assessment that underpins it, including the line ministries, other Government bodies, the United
Nations, the World Bank, the European Union (EU), the Oce of the Quartet Representative, international and national NGOs, and
the private sector. Special appreciation goes to Egypt and Norway for organizing the donor conference.
As we work together to provide our people in Gaza with a better future, we acknowledge the damage that can never be undone
and the loss that will remain, even when peace and prosperity return. We honor the memory of the thousands who have died,
we mourn with those left behind, and stand with those who have suered the most.
Finally and with the greatest sorrow, we remember the children: those who have died and those who still live, haunted by the
horrors of this assault and the other assaults that have overshadowed their childhoods.
Mohammad Mustafa
Deputy Prime Minister
Chairman of Inter-Ministerial Committee
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
8
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
In July 2014, the Israeli military launched a sustained assault on Gaza. For seven weeks, Gaza was invaded and bombarded from
land, sea, and air. The human loss was great: at least 2,145 people were killed, including 581 children. One in four Palestinians in
Gaza was forced to ee, and over 60,000 houses were partially or completely destroyed. Public services have been devastated,
creating scarcity of water, energy, food, and shelter. Agriculture, industry, and trade are at a standstill, leaving ever more Gaza
residents without a livelihood.
This devastating assault follows decades of occupation and border closures that have left our people in Gaza isolated,
impoverished, and vulnerable. Gaza was already in the grip of a humanitarian and environmental crisis before the assault began.
A seven-year blockade had suocated the private sector, creating widespread dependency: 80 percent of Gaza residents were
already dependent on aid, 47 percent were food insecure, and 40 percent were unemployed.
The National Consensus Government has developed this Palestinian National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan to provide
a roadmap through the current humanitarian crisis to long-term development. The Gaza Early Recovery and Reconstruction
Rapid Needs Assessment forms the backbone of the plan. Conducted by Palestinian ministries and agencies with the support of
local and international partners, it uses the situation prior to the assault as a baseline but contextualizes it within the experience
of Israels long and continuing blockade of Gaza.
This Plan was developed with the intention to transition from relief eorts to longer-term development needs across four sectors
social, infrastructure, economic, and governance. The Government will respond to the urgent and chronic needs of Gaza with
relief, recovery, and reconstruction interventions in each of these sectors that will reinforce the foundations for longer term
development and growth.
Gaza is an integral part of the Palestinian state and its gate to the Mediterranean. Its development is crucial for the viability of
the Palestinian state and for the two-state solution. The Government will no longer accept the isolation and repression of our
people in Gaza. Renewed growth and prosperity in Gaza is the Governments moral and national imperative. Furthermore, there
is no doubt that the success of the Government in the reconstruction of Gaza is key to ensuring the stability of Gaza, Palestine,
and the region.
Through the National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan, the Government will take - and lead - a series of measures to
uphold its responsibility towards Gaza and its residents and ensure rapid improvements to their lives, by working on multiple
paths, in cooperation with partners in civil society, the private sector, and donors, while maintaining national ownership.
Response is already ongoing, under the leadership of the Government through its Bridging to Recovery Initiative that guides the
transition from emergency to early recovery.
Initial rapid assessments have provided early evidence on the scale of the damage caused by the 51-day assault and form the
basis for the Governments response plan. Nearly half a million people were displaced at the height of the conict and more
than 11,200 injured, resulting in an increase in the number of poor, unsheltered persons, disabled, orphans, and female-headed
households. 373,000 children are now in need of psychosocial support. Fifty percent of all medical facilities sustained severe
damage and Gazas emergency and primary health care systems are now overstretched and under-supported. At the same
time, border closures have prevented the ow of crucial medical supplies and the transfer of high risk medical cases. Nearly 300
education establishments, from kindergarten to university level, suered extensive damage and numerous others require repairs
having been used as emergency shelters for the internally displaced during the assault.
Essential infrastructure, which was already at breaking point prior to the assault, has sustained severe damage. An estimated
20,000 tons of explosives red by the Israeli military have left many buildings and large areas of Gaza reduced to rubble. At least
5,000 explosive remnants of war (ERW) are not yet secured or destroyed. Extensive disruption has been caused to water and
sanitation networks, energy supplies and facilities, roads and bridges, and the telecommunications system.
9
Gazas private sector has suered both direct damage to property, equipment, stock and raw materials, as well as indirect losses
due to closure and reduced economic activity. The agriculture sector has seen widespread destruction of cultivated land,
greenhouses, livestock and poultry farms, water wells, irrigation networks, and other productive assets. Seventeen percent of the
total cultivated area has been completely destroyed. In the industrial sector, more than 20 percent of Gazas industrial enterprises
and over 4,000 commercial and trade enterprises have been destroyed or damaged. Unemployment is set to rise signicantly,
defaults in the banking sector may become a problem, and investors, who were already hesitant to invest, are likely to be ever
more cautious.
This Early Recovery and Reconstruction plan presents a comprehensive and prioritized response to the overwhelming damage
across all sectors and geographic areas in in Gaza.
The response in the social sector will require $701 million. The Government will work with UNRWA and other agencies to extend
a safety net to newly impoverished citizens, including through expanded cash transfers, food assistance, and distribution of non-
food items. Health services will be restored by rehabilitating destroyed and damaged health infrastructure and equipment. In
the education sector, the Government and UNRWA will focus on responding to urgent humanitarian needs amongst students,
rehabilitating infrastructure, providing psycho-social and social protection support to students, sta, and families, and returning
to education as soon as possible.
In the infrastructure sector, $1.9 billion will be required for temporary service provision as well as extensive rehabilitation and
reconstruction. The Government will prioritize the removal of rubble and removal of ERWs, which pose a critical danger to
citizens, particularly children. In the energy sector, additional supplies will be purchased to supplement the now repaired Gaza
Power Plant. Access to potable water will be increased initially through provisional supplies, followed by rehabilitation of the
destroyed and damaged infrastructure and equipment. Small-scale desalination units will also be developed, and pumps,
generators, and chlorine will be distributed. The largest expenditure within the infrastructure sector will be on housing, where
temporary housing solutions will be found rapidly for those who have seen their houses destroyed or damaged. Thereafter,
repairs and reconstruction will begin. A program to upgrade and develop border crossings will be essential to ensure handling
of the construction materials required for the recovery and reconstruction eorts.
The Government will invest $1.2 billion to rebuild the private sector and increase employment in Gaza, including restoring
the productivity of the agricultural, shing, industrial, and manufacturing sectors and the trades and services sector through
rehabilitation, economic stimulation packages, as well as cash-for-work support.
With respect to the governance sector, the National Consensus Government will seize the opportunity presented by its recent
formation to harmonize and integrate the previously divided government structures. Maintaining and expanding the operational
capacity of the government will need to go hand in hand with the reconstruction of government institutions damaged and
destroyed during the assault. These interventions will start immediately and require $183 million.
The total cost of relief, recovery and reconstruction is estimated at $4 billion. This is about three times the estimated cost after the
2008 assault and equivalent to 35 percent of the total GDP for the West Bank and Gaza combined. When compared to Palestines
development budget for 2014 of $316 million, this is a huge shock. However, the Government sees the investment in Gaza as
an investment in stability and the viability of a future Palestinian State.
Alongside direct funding for relief, recovery and reconstruction, the continuation of existing budget support for Palestine to
Gaza in 2014-2017 will be a vital element for sustaining government functions in the West Bank and Gaza. An estimated $4.5
billion is required. Therefore the Government urges donors not only to complete the budget support for 2014, but also to
commit to budget support for 2015-2017. Without this, proper functioning of the National Consensus Government, as well as
recovery and reconstruction in Gaza, will be impossible.
Whilst Gazas rebuilding will be costly in the short -to medium- term, the Governments vision for Gaza is one of sustainability and
self-suciency, where Gaza is an integral driver of the a growing Palestinian economy, united with the West Bank and opened
up to the rest of the world.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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GAZA DAMAGES AND RECONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS
Recovery and Reconstruction Costs ($m)
Sector
Sub-Sector Damage
Scope of Recovery
Interventions
Relief
Early
Recovery
Reconstruction Total
S
o
c
i
a
l
Social
Protection
Increased household
vulnerability:
30,000 additional
households in need
of social protection
Comprehensive support
to newly impoverished
citizens, including increased
coverage of cash transfer
program
230 8 80 317
Health and
Psychosocial
Support
Total and partial
damage to 9
hospitals, 28 clinics
and 25 ambulances;
373,000 children in
need of psychosocial
support
Health care for IDPs;
Restocking of drugs and
supplies; rehabilitation
of infrastructure and
equipment; provision of
psychosocial support; crisis
preparedness
14 159 45 218
Education
and Higher
Education
148 schools and
eight universities
and pre-schools
damaged or
destroyed; 113
schools used as
shelters
Rehabilitation of damaged
and destroyed school
infrastructure and
equipment; school supplies;
remedial education; crisis
preparedness
1 45 75 121
Civil Society,
CBOs & FBOs
222 NGOs and
charities destroyed
and damaged; 296
mosques and 3
churches destroyed
or damaged
Support to 222 social
protection NGOs with
damage; Repairs and
rehabilitation of mosques
and churches
0 4 41 45

Sub-total 245 215 241 701
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Rubble & ERW 2.5 million tons of
rubble; estimated
5000 ERWs
Removal of rubble and
ERWs
0 20 14 34
Energy Destruction of
Gaza Power Plant;
damage to grid, Gaza
north substation,
and transmission
infrastructure
Temporary alternative
electricity provision;
rehabilitation of grid
damages; new transmission
system
0 32 153 185
Water,
Sanitation and
Hygiene
26 water wells and 16
public water supply
tanks damaged;
46.8km of water
networks and 17.5km
of wastewater
networks destroyed
Provisional water supply;
rehabilitation of destroyed
and damaged infrastructure
and equipment for water
and wastewater, STLV
desalination, clearing of
solid waste, rehabilitation of
land lls
40 80 116 236
Housing and
Shelter
Total damage
to some 10,000
housing units
Severe damage
to some 10,000
housing units; Partial
damage to some
40,000 housing units
Rental/hosting allowances;
Temporary housing
solutions; repairs to
damaged houses;
rehabilitation and
reconstruction of severely
and totally destroyed
houses
129 143 910 1,182
Governmental
Buildings and
Other Public
Infrastructure
106 newly destroyed
public buildings,
damage to UNRWA
installations and
other public
infrastructure
Temporary oces,
reconstruction of public
buildings, rehabilitation of
UNRWA premises, repair
of lighting and other
installations
0 51 97 149
Border
Crossings
Border crossings
damaged or
deteriorated
Rehabilitation of border
crossings
0 5 50 55
Roads Damage of roads Road repairs 0 0 70 70
Environment Unassessed
environmental
damage
Environmental damage
assessment
0 1 0 1

Sub-total 169 332 1,410 1,911
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Sector
Sub-Sector Damage
Scope of Recovery
Interventions
Relief
Early
Recovery
Reconstruction Total
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
Agriculture Damage to land,
agricultural and
shing assets and
infrastructure; losses
in production
Compensation for losses;
Rehabilitation of damages,
restoration of production
0 194 257 451
Industry and
Manufacturing
297 totally damaged
and 693 partially
damaged industrial
enterprises;
production losses
Compensation for losses;
Repairs and rehabilitation
program for industrial
sector; Repairs to Gaza
Industrial Estate
0 75 284 359
Trade and
Services
1,255 totally
damaged and 2,928
partially damaged
commercial
enterprises;
production losses
Compensation for losses;
Commercial and services
rehabilitation program
0 130 77 207
Employment Steep increase in
unemployment and
poverty
Cash for work and
sustainable job creation
0 62 7 69
Facilitating
Investment
Decreased ability and
willingness to invest
by private sector
Short term to long term
nancing for private sector
companies, capacity
building
0 20 130 150


Sub-total 0 481 754 1,235
G
o
v
e
r
n
a
n
c
e
Operational
Capacity of
Central Gov.
Institutions
Weakened
operational
capacities
Allowances to personnel
in Gaza, support to
reintegration
0 113 0 113
Operational
Capacity
of Local
Government
Institutions
Weakened
operational
capacities
Support to salaries for
municipal employees
0 31 0 31
Rule of Law and
Human Rights
Increased need for
rule of law services
and protection
Support to legal aid and
arbitration, human rights
and IHL monitoring
0 1 6 7
Implementation
and
Coordination
Widespread
destruction;
weakened
operational
capacities
Strategic spatial planning;
scaled up coordination,
implementation, and
monitoring capacity of
reconstruction and recovery
0 12 20 32


Subtotal 0 157 26 183
TOTAL

414 1,184 2,432 4,030
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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SECTION1
Setting the Context
. 1 Counting the Losses
. 2 The National Consensus Government: Priority Agenda
. 3 The Vision for Gaza: Integration and Economic Development
. 4 The Private Sector: A Key Role in Economic Revival
The recent assault on Gaza is a reminder of the destabilizing impact and the heavy
toll that Israels decades long occupation exerts on Palestinians and will continue
to exert, so long as the goal of an independent Palestinian state in fulllment of
international law and consensus remains elusive. The status quo is unsustainable.
A comprehensive and just peaceful settlement is essential to stopping the
continuing, destructive conict. Only an independent Palestinian state, free of
Israeli occupation, can ensure peace, stability and security, side by side with Israel
on the 1967 borders.
Unifying all Palestinian territory under one eective government is an imperative
for the Palestinian people and for a viable and prosperous state. The formation of
the National Consensus Government is an essential rst step in that direction and
in ensuring national unity. The challenges facing the Government are numerous,
spanning complex administrative, nancial, legal, economic, and security issues.
Added to those is the momentous task of reconstructing Gaza and economic
recovery across the whole Palestinian territory, all against the backdrop of a
deteriorating economic situation, high unemployment, decreased nancial
support, and continued Israeli occupation and colonization.
The success of the National Consensus Government in meeting these challenges
is the success of national unity in ensuring the economic and institutional
foundations of an independent Palestinian state. The challenges are grave but can
be met by the Government, provided that there is strong local and international
political support and generous nancial and technical support from donor
countries, and provided that Israel upholds its obligations under international law
and removes its destructive restrictions on Palestinian freedom.
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The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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1.1 COUNTING THE LOSSES
In August 2014, Gaza marked the end of the sixth Israeli assault since 2006. Although the 51-day bombardment and invasion
has halted, Palestinians in Gaza are still counting their losses: thousands are dead or injured, nearly half a million were displaced,
over 110,000 are still homeless, and billions of dollars of damage has been done.
All this is against the backdrop of 66 years of displacement and dispossession, 47 years of military occupation, decades of travel
restrictions, and a seven-year blockade, which has crippled the economy and shattered livelihoods. Two of every three people in Gaza
were receiving food aid war prior to the recent assault. Poverty rates were up to 39 percent and unemployment had hit 45 percent.
Through the latest assault, which began on July 7, 2014, the Israeli military has once again wrought wholescale damage and
destruction to Gaza, surpassing even the aftermath of the December 2008 assault. During the 51-day assault, at least 2,145
people killed and over 11,200 were injured. At least 142 Palestinian families lost three or more members, while 1,500 children lost
one or both parents. More children have suered than ever: at least 581 children were killed. Over 3,436 children were injured,
leaving many permanently disabled
1
.
One in four Palestinians in Gaza was forced to ee, and over 60,000
houses were damage or destroyed. Infrastructure and public
utilities were severely damaged, including Gazas only power
plant, its water facilities, sanitation, electricity, telecommunication
networks, and transportation. Israeli military strikes destroyed
government and UN facilities, municipal centers, and public
utilities, impeding the provision of basic services to Gazas 1.8
million inhabitants. The local economy has almost completely
collapsed, after the destruction of an unprecedented number of
private sector assets and damage to agricultural land and shing
facilities. During the assault, up to 71 percent of the population
became food insecure, as prices of basic foodstu soared by 40
to 179 percent. After seven weeks of assault, most Palestinians
in Gaza can no longer meet their most basic needs: earning a
livelihood is almost impossible.
Immediate relief is already underway, provided by Government ministries and local and international agencies. The UN Oce
for the Coordination of Humanitarian Aairs (OCHA) has issued two funding appeals for a combined $563 million. The requested
funds are supporting 47 humanitarian actors in providing immediate relief until December 2014. But humanitarian assistance is
just the rst phase in the longer eort to help Palestinians in Gaza recover quickly and build back better.
The National Consensus Government has developed this Palestinian National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan, in
coordination with UN agencies, civil society, and the private sector, to provide a roadmap through the current humanitarian
crisis to long-term development. Building on the larger Palestinian National Development Plan, this Plan formulates responses
to diverse and urgent sectoral needs to secure the foundation for a prosperous Gaza. Prior to the publication of this Plan, the
Government began its Bridging to Recovery Initiative, through which it initiated key priority interventions from the Plan in
response to critical needs in Gaza.
Securing a stable future requires an end to this destruction and reconstruction cycle. The siege must be permanently lifted and
normal movement of people, trade and economic activity must be restored. It is imperative to ensure that the current recovery
and reconstruction leads Gaza onto a sustainable and permanent upward trajectory.
1 Data on fatalities and casualties are based on preliminary information (as of September 4, 2014) and may change.
15
1.2 THE NATIONAL CONSENSUS GOVERNMENT: Priority Agenda
The recent Israeli assault started ve weeks after the formation of a National Consensus Government the rst government to
administer in both the West Bank and Gaza since 2007. Formed as a result of President Mahmoud Abbas successful eorts to
achieve national reconciliation, this Government aims to institutionally, legally, economically, and socially reintegrate Gaza and the
West Bank, as a step towards achieving the aim of an independent and vibrant Palestinian state, with East Jerusalem as its capital.
Upon its inception on June 2, 2014, the National Consensus Government was met with strong popular Palestinian support and
welcomed by key international stakeholders, including all the Quartet members: the United States, the European Union, Russia
and the United Nations.
However, Israel expressed immediate and continued opposition to the National Consensus Government. It signicantly limited
the new Governments ability to eectively oversee the rehabilitation and integration of the ministries and national institutions,
including by preventing the movement of Government members between the West Bank and Gaza.
1.2.1 Institutional and Legal Agenda
Coupled with external challenges caused by the Israeli occupation, the new Government must address complex internal
governance tasks, including the complex harmonization of national institutions, civil services, and legal systems. Following seven
years of political separation, the full harmonization of Government institutions, civil service, and legal systems between Gaza and
West Bank is a historical opportunity that will take time to realize. The overall objective of the Government is to reunite the body
politic and strengthen state institutions through the implementation of the reconciliation agreement, with the aim of ensuring
a unied Palestinian government eectively governing both Gaza and the West Bank.
At the center of the eort to reunify and harmonize institutions is the issue of pre-2007 employees and the post-2007 sta
engaged by the then de facto authority in Gaza. This issue has to be addressed in the short-term while ensuring that the
Government is able to function in Gaza and carry out recovery and reconstruction eorts, and without undermining the
introducing of a plan for the rationalization of civil service in Gaza and capacity development in the medium-long term. The
resolution of these issues is further complicated by external legal challenges and the dire economic situation, in particular the
inability of the economy to generate jobs under current circumstances.
Establishing and maintaining law and order under the Government authority requires arrangements in the immediate and
short-term for controlling the border crossings; harmonizing the police force; and increasing support to civil defense in response
to early recovery eorts. In the medium-long term, security sector reform is essential to ensure the integration of the security
forces under a clear command structure, along with capacity-building.
The third major priority is the reintroduction of a unied justice system in Gaza by addressing the status of applicable laws, eect
of legal decisions, and reunication of the court system, while continuing the process that was begun prior to 2007 of unifying
the dierent laws, resulting from historic separation and dierent legal systems between the West Bank and Gaza.
1.2.2 Economic and Fiscal Agenda
The reversal of long term economic deterioration in Palestine, but especially in Gaza, is critical. The Palestinian economy has been
strangled by ongoing restrictions and a highly uncertain political outlook. This has been felt even more acutely in recent years as
a result of falling foreign aid levels. Growth fell to 1.9 percent in 2013 and is forecast to be negligible in 2014. Since this is below
the average population growth of 3 percent, Palestinians are seeing their GDP per capita decline.
This economic picture is even more startling when looking at Gaza, where repeated military assaults have time and again
destroyed economic infrastructure and paralyzed economic activity. The impact has been compounded by the severe economic
shock produced by the seven-year blockade on exports and imports, which has prevented movement of goods and people
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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between the West Bank and Gaza and all but eliminated Gazas export focused private sector. Today, only small shipments of
selected products are permitted to other markets through donor-supported projects.
The result is that real GDP per capita in Gaza has stayed largely stagnant since 1994, whilst real GDP per capita in the West Bank
has more than doubled. Gazas contribution to Palestines total GDP has shrunk, from over a third in the mid-1990s to a quarter
now. Pre-assault unemployment hit a staggering 45 percent, as compared to 16 percent in the West Bank, and was high as 70
percent amongst Gazas youth. Before the latest assault, poverty stood at 38 percent, close to double the level of the West Bank.
A further 30,000 households are estimated to have fallen into poverty as a result of the latest assault.
In this context, Gazas recovery and reconstruction must address not only the immediate economic impact of the assault but also
the preexisting structural challenges inhibiting Gazas development.
Yet, the Governments room for maneuver to address these issues directly is limited. Despite scal reforms and improvements,
the Government remains reliant on donor support to meet the budget decit and fund development projects. Additional
spending for recovery and reconstruction will put signicant scal pressure on the budget, at a time when donor ows have
been steadily declining, falling by 30 percent since 2008. However, since revenues from Gaza in the short term will not be able
to meet more than a small fraction of the additional expenditure in 2013, only 3 percent of total Government revenues were
collected in Gaza, as compared to 43 percent of budget expenditures there - the Government has no option but to look to its
partners to support the recovery and reconstruction eort.
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FIGURE 1: GDP and Real GDP Growth (USD m, %) Figure 2: Real GDP per Capita (USD)
SOURCE: World Bank Analysis

FIGURE 1: GDP and Real GDP Growth (USD m, %)



-15.0
-10.0
-5.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
West Bank GDP Gaza GDP Real GDP Growth rate in WB&G
Figure 2: Real GDP per Capita (USD)



0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Per Capita GDP in West Bank Per Capita GDP in Gaza
17
1.3 THE VISION FOR GAZA: Integration and Economic Development
Gaza is an integral part of the Palestinian state and its gate to the Mediterranean. Its development is crucial for the viability of the
State of Palestine and for the two-state solution. There is no doubt that the success of the National Consensus Government in
the reconstruction of Gaza is key to ensuring the stability of Gaza, Palestine, and the region.
Through this Plan, the Government will take - and lead - a series of measures to uphold its responsibility towards Gaza and
its residents and ensure rapid improvements to their lives, by working on multiple paths, in cooperation with partners in civil
society, the private sector, and donors, while maintaining national ownership.
Addressing the humanitarian crisis in Gaza is the rst step
towards reconstruction and in enabling the population
to live in dignity. Although the material damage can be
repaired, the widespread loss of human life as a result of
the assault will be suered by generations to come. The
Governments goal is not simply to alleviate the suering of
citizens and repair the physical damage, but also to make
substantive improvements in the economic and social
situation of Gaza residents, particularly by dealing with the
chronic problems of poverty and unemployment.
It is neither sucient nor acceptable to return to the
status quo prior to the July/August assault. This would
be tantamount to buying time until the next assault and
crisis. Rather, the economy in Gaza must be put on an
upward trajectory to achieve development, prosperity, and
a dignied life for its population. Accordingly, this Plan is
not aimed to put out res. Rather, it is the beginning of
sustainable development of Gaza, as part of the larger
national plan to return the State of Palestine to its rightful
political and developmental track.
Developing for the Future:
Beyond Reconstruction
At least $7 billion is required as additional investment to
meet long-term development needs. Most of this will be
driven by the private sector.
Keystone infrastructure development projects include:
The Gaza Marine gas project
The international airport
The commercial seaport
A large scale desalination plant
A north-south water carrier
Waste water treatment plants
Signicant investment is also required to address the
existing infrastructure decit arising from the blockade,
including 75,000 housing units, over 270 schools, and
two new hospitals.
These projects are not budgeted in the reconstruction
plan but will be critical for a thriving Gaza.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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The vision of this Government is a Gaza that is fully integrated into the State of Palestine, politically, socially, and economically, and
- through it - with the rest of the world. This vision assumes that local and international movement of goods and people is reliable
and secure via two safe passages and a permanent territorial link, facilitating increased tourism and a thriving private sector.
Looking beyond the immediate recovery and reconstruction eort, further priority infrastructure projects will be required
to address the public and private decit that has resulted from the blockade and to catalyze Gazas potential to contribute
to Palestinian economic growth. Substantial additional investment is required to provide the infrastructural and economic
foundation for Gaza and Palestine - to thrive.
Under this vision, in ve years, a reconstructed Gaza will be open for business, fully engaged with the West Bank economy, and
attracting international investment and tourism. In ten years, Gaza will be a rapidly growing, export-oriented economy, with
increased trade and domestic prosperity and reduced aid dependency.
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1.4 THE PRIVATE SECTOR: A Key Role in Economic Revival
Gazas businesses have previously been amongst the most productive in Palestine, and its residents have remained dynamic and
resilient. Strong opportunities for medium- and long-term growth in Gaza exist in various areas, including the manufacturing,
technology, agriculture, tourism, energy, and construction sectors. Gaza enjoys a number of assets and sources of strength,
including a substantial young, highly literate, and entrepreneurial labor force, a strategic geographic location in a narrow land
corridor between North Africa and the Middle East, coastal assets that could be developed for year-round tourism, and signicant,
yet-to-be-developed energy resources. Under dierent conditions, Gaza-based businesses can transform the coastal region and
Palestine into a hub for trade of goods and services, servicing markets in Europe and the Middle East.
Palestinian companies will play a key role in the recovery and reconstruction eorts, both as implementers of interventions and
recipients of assistance if relevant. The Government will provide the proper enabling environment for the private sector to work
eciently. While implementing this Plan, priority will be given to creating favorable conditions for local economic development
through the activation of the private sector. The Government will leverage the private sector via Public Private Partnerships (PPP)
in infrastructure development. It will seek to put in place an enhanced range of nancing and insurance mechanisms for those
who invest in Gaza. In addition, it will harmonize West Bank and Gaza laws and provide incentives for investment in Gaza through
the introduction of specic initiatives.
While various interventions are planned for the revitalization of the private sector, this objective cannot be achieved without
ensuring the removal of the blockade and access and movement restrictions, allowing for normal trade between Gaza and the
West Bank, neighboring countries, and world markets.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
20
SECTION2
PLANNING FOR
RECOVERY AND
RECONSTRUCTION
. 1 Preparation of the Plan
. 2 Guiding Principles
. 3 Coverage of the Plan
. 4 Prerequisites for Efective Implementation of the Plan
21
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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2.1PREPARATION OF THE PLAN
This Plan was prepared by the Oce of the Deputy Prime Minister and overseen by the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee.
The Committee was formed by the Cabinet of Ministers on 30 July 2014 to oversee the preparation of the Plan for the donor
conference in support of reconstruction eorts and budgetary support. It was assisted by a Technical Team composed of
representatives of 20 ministries and Government institutions working closely with international organizations, donor countries,
and the private sector.
This Plan is based on the Gaza Early Recovery Rapid Needs Assessment, which began on August 14 and was conducted by
line ministries in coordination with the Ministry of Planning and Administrative Development (MOPAD). Rapid assessments
of damage and recommendations for top priority immediate interventions, as well as broader recovery and rehabilitation
interventions, were prepared across the four key sectors, in accordance with the National Development Plan: Social Sector;
Infrastructure Sector; Economic Sector; and Governance Sector. The damage assessments utilized a range of methodologies
including analysis of satellite imagery, site visits, surveys, and interviews on the ground in Gaza, as required. Given the time
limitations faced in developing the plans, both the damage valuation and the nancing requirements are best estimates, based
on the information available at this time.
This Plan also draws upon preliminary needs assessments and response planning by the World Bank and UN agencies, including
the Multi-Cluster/Sector Initial Rapid Assessment (MIRA) that was conducted on August 13, 18, and 19 by the UN OCHA and
Government ministries in Gaza. The Plans analysis of existing needs prior to the July/August assault is based on previous studies
produced by the Government, the World Bank, and UN agencies .
These assessments are rapid examinations of the challenges faced by residents of Gaza. Further ongoing and planned full-scope
assessments will feed the Governments detailed work planning for the interventions described in this Plan. These assessments
include an infrastructure damage assessment by UNDP/PAPP and the Government and a Detailed Needs Assessment (DNA) by
the European Union, the World Bank, and UNDP/PAPP.

2.2 GUIDING PRINCIPLES
The Plan is guided by a set of principles that intend to maximize its eectiveness and draw on lessons learned from the
previous recovery and reconstruction planning and implementation:
Linking recovery plans to Palestines National Development Plan: Gaza is an integral part of the Palestinian economy and
the Palestinian state. The recovery and reconstruction eorts under this Plan are entirely consistent with national development
objectives, which serve to promote coherence in resource allocation, planning and implementation. The implementation
mechanism for Gaza reconstruction will be synchronized with the implementation mechanisms for Palestines broader
economic development plans, as laid out in the National Development Plan. To maximize impact and harmonize eorts of
a broad range of actors, the Plan will be implemented on the basis of the Global Partnership for Eective Development Co-
operation: ownership, focus on results, inclusive partnerships, as well as transparency and accountability.
Government-led with broad-based participation: The National Consensus Government is leading the planning, execution,
and monitoring of the Plan, in cooperation with international and local partners. The Government is already coordinating
immediate response to urgent needs in Gaza with international agencies through the Inter-Cluster Coordination System
and under the framework of its Bridging to Recovery Initiative. The Government will continue to coordinate eorts of all
stakeholders in the early recovery process to avoid duplication of eorts and identify gaps and optimize the use of resources
available for sustainable recovery and development. During the implementation process, the people and businesses of
Gaza and Palestine will be at the center of early recovery and reconstruction eorts.
Using the plan for economic and private sector revitalization: The Plan aims to rebuild local production capacity. A
priority has been given to creating favorable conditions for local economic development through the activation of the
private sector. The plan aims to create additional temporary and permanent jobs and secure a key role for Palestinian
23
companies in the implementation eorts of recovery and reconstruction. In this sense, the private sector and a wide range
of civil society organizations are expected to be mobilized as both recipients of assistance and implementers of early
recovery and reconstruction interventions.
Prioritizing accountability and efciency in execution: The Plans development and design pays particular attention
to the need for rapid implementation and strong accountability mechanisms. Government bodies, private sector
representatives, and donors will be held responsible for delivery in their key respective areas through a clear, transparent
implementation roadmap that forms the basis of a performance management framework by the Government.
Focusing on most vulnerable demographic segments: The Plan focuses on and pays special attention to members of
society who are most vulnerable, notably:
Women: As primary care givers, many women in Gaza are struggling to manage large families, particularly if
displaced. There are more female-headed households, due to the death or disabling of male relatives. Pregnant
and lactating women have reduced access to health care. Women and girls in shelters struggle to maintain
cultural norms of privacy. There is evidence of increased gender-based violence.
Children: Unacceptable numbers of children were killed (over 23 percent of total casualties) and injured (33
percent of total injuries). Over 1,500 children lost one or both parents, while hundreds of thousands need
psychosocial support. Children are also vulnerable to increased violence and abuse and ERWs.
Persons with disabilities: An estimated 1,000 people are newly disabled. Disabled residents of Gaza face a
myriad of urgent challenges, including access restrictions due to widespread destruction and loss of special
aids, medicines, and service provision (following the destruction of the only rehabilitation facility). Shelters are
not handicapped suited.
Elderly: Many older residents in Gaza already have physical and mental vulnerabilities, are dependent on now-
limited health services, and are less able to cope in damaged housing or shelters. Experiences of multiple
hostilities and displacements increases psychosocial needs.
Internally Displaced Person (IDP): The internally displaced are a newly vulnerable population, particularly
those who lost all their assets when their houses were destroyed. There are still 110,000 IDPs, sheltering in
schools and with host families. IDPs struggle with inadequate access to basic services, overcrowding, food
insecurity, psychosocial needs, and health concerns. Host families, extended communities, and supporting
agencies are under strain.
This Plan details interventions under all four sectors that are designed to protect these groups, including
expanded social protection, provision of health and psychosocial support, strengthened crisis preparedness,
ERW clearance, and targeted availability of legal aid.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
24
2.3 COVERAGE OF THE PLAN
This Plan was developed with the intention to transition from relief eorts to longer-term development needs in Gaza. As a
result, it combines critical relief, recovery, and reconstruction needs in order to lay the foundations for long term development.
In its approach the Plan has identied three phases of interventions to respond to the complex, large-scale needs of Gaza and
its population: relief, early recovery, and reconstruction.
The immediate focus will be on the continuation of relief eorts already initiated by public and international agencies, especially
for IDPs, as well as initiating early recovery interventions. Within a timeframe of six months from the Conference, the plan
anticipates the launch of reconstruction eorts. This, however, is contingent on a border regime that reconnects Gaza to the
outside world and allows for access of required materials and specialized personnel.
2.3.1 Relief
Timeframe: Immediate Month 6
Israels assault has created a complex humanitarian emergency situation that has required an immediate response in order to
save lives and prevent severe harm to the population in Gaza. Some of these humanitarian interventions, in particular for IDPs,
will need to be sustained over the coming months. These relief interventions focus predominantly on such needs as access to
clean water and food, provision of shelter, as well as social protection for those whose homes were destroyed. Many of these
interventions are being implemented through the Gaza Crisis Appeal, which was jointly issued by the UN and the Government.
2.3.2 Early Recovery
Timeframe: Month 1 Month 12
Early recovery is a multi-dimensional process that aims at stabilizing living conditions and preparing the foundations for
longer-term reconstruction and development by supporting and generating self-sustaining processes for post-crisis recovery,
planning, and nancing. Among other things, early recovery interventions will aim to restore delivery of basic services (health,
education, social programs, water, electricity, telecommunications); reduce additional risk and vulnerability; remove ERWs; begin
to restore livelihoods and shelter (ensure safe and secure environments); and support the return of IDPs. In parallel with this, the
Government will work towards strengthening governance functions.
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2.3.3 Reconstruction
Timeframe: Month 6 Ongoing
Beyond the rst two response phases, the Plan comprises
a major reconstruction eort across all sectors in order
to restore Gaza to normalcy. Services and infrastructure
in Gaza are largely non-functional, due to the massive
destruction of public and private infrastructure. It is thus
crucial to initiate reconstruction activities as early as
possible. Recognizing this, the Plan identies time-sensitive
reconstruction interventions that must be dealt with rapidly
and fully, and which will be given top priority during the
early reconstruction phases.
The entire reconstruction eort will be underpinned by the
aspiration to build back better. A mere rebuilding of the
status quo or lling gaps left by the assault will not suce.
In this sense, the reconstruction provides an opportunity to
revisit the needs of Gaza residents as they stand today, not
as they stood yesterday. We must set our aims on ensuring
conditions for lasting prosperity and wellbeing and creating
an enabling environment for their enterprise and industry to
ourish, and for people to live in dignity. We must also ensure
that the reconstruction directly addresses key restraints to
Gazas growth and some of the impending crises.
Bridging to Recovery Initiative
The Government believes that recovery must start
immediately, alongside immediate relief activities
implemented by ministries and humanitarian agencies,
so that the people in Gaza can take an active not passive
role in rebuilding their lives, homes, and livelihoods.
Therefore, in advance of the donors conference, the
Government is moving forward with implementing
priority early recovery interventions, as part of the rst
phase of the Gaza Early Recovery and Reconstruction
Plan. These selected interventions are designed to:
1. Increase availability of basic services in Gaza;
2. Provide temporary housing solutions and facilitate
IDPs to return home as soon as possible; and
3. Relieve nancial stress and enable the private sector
to participate in recovery and reconstruction.
The interventions are a bridge from humanitarian crisis to
early recovery. Through these actions, the Government is
operationalizing its core strategy for Gazas recovery: caring
for its citizens, rebuilding its infrastructure, revitalizing its
economy, and strengthening its governance.
The Shelter Assistance Package launched by the
Government, UNRWA, and UNDP was the rst Bridging
to Recovery intervention. At the time of writing, the
Government was working with the private sector to
identify priority interventions for implementation.
Relief
Donor conference
Bridging to Recovery
Reconstruction
Transition into long-term development
Early Recovery
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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2.4 PREREQUISITES FOR EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PLAN
The success of the plan and the achievement of its objectives depend on several factors. However, based on past experiences,
there are three main factors which will determine the success of the plan:
Unrestricted movement and access of goods and people;
Availability of sucient and appropriate funding that can be rapidly deployed on the ground to meet the Plans activities; and
Eective ownership and leadership by the Palestinian Government and coordination with its partners to ensure that all
eorts and operations are ecient and have maximum impact in the shortest possible time.
The Plan calls for joint commitment between the Government and its partners to ensure that such conditions are met.
2.4.1 A New Arrangement for Movement and Access
Movement and access is essential to the recovery, reconstruction and development of the economy, improvements in peoples
living conditions, and revival of the private sector. As result, the blockade must be lifted and crossings must be opened and
operated eectively to allow for movement of goods and people from and into Gaza.
The issues that will need to be addressed include: Gaza crossings with Israel; access and movement between the West Bank and
Gaza; removal of access restrictions to lands near the Green Line in Gaza and the territorial waters; a bilateral Palestinian-Egyptian
crossing at Rafah; and commercial seaport and airport in Gaza.
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Beyond the right of Palestinians to have the free movement laid out in international law and agreements, unrestricted access
and movement is essential to the swift, ecient, and eective implementation of this Plan. The importance of this prerequisite
is underlined by the year-long delay of key interventions of the 2009 Recovery and Reconstruction Plan by an Israeli regime of
entry restrictions, clearance requirements for construction materials and equipment, and approval processes. A continuation of
the current restrictions would signicantly impede the progress and impact of the interventions described in this Plan. The
UN estimates that, if current restrictions on the entry of materials persist, it will take over 18 years to reconstruct the destroyed
housing units alone. This would be catastrophic for Gaza.
As a result, this Plan calls for the swift entry of all required construction materials and commodities. The Government welcomes
the new UN proposal for facilitating imports for private and government projects as a positive step. But the easing of the
restrictions is insucient. The permitting, review, and control regime must be completely removed as an obstacle to both the
reconstruction eorts required to ensure basic service provision as well as the ability of the Gaza economy to generate income,
jobs, and opportunities for the population.
2.4.2 Sufcient and Rapidly Disbursed Funding
At $4 billion, the total cost required for the recovery and reconstruction is three times the estimated cost after the 2008 assault
and equivalent to a third of the total GDP for the West Bank and Gaza combined.
The Government faces a challenging scal position, resulting rst and foremost from the ongoing Israeli occupation and
restrictions on movement and access and the Palestinian economy in general. The unprecedented level of damage of the latest
assault requires an unprecedented level of nancial support. Although the Government will strive to contribute its own nancial
resources, its constrained scal position means that it has no option but to look to local, regional, and international partners
to provide the necessary nancial support for recovery and rehabilitation to be completed. It will be essential that this can be
disbursed quickly and eciently and in line with the Governments priorities, such that support, services, and infrastructure can
be delivered as quickly as possible to the people and businesses of Gaza.
In line with the principle of Government ownership of the strategy and its implementation, and global commitments on aid and
development eectiveness, this Plan calls on donors to maximize utilization of national systems. Such an approach will enable
a more coherent, programmatic, and long-term approach to development, and lead to much greater Palestinian ownership of
the process.
2.4.3 Government Leadership and Efective Co-ordination
This Plan targets all sectors, geographic areas, and institutions aected by the assault. The enormous scale of the damage, the
breadth and scope of activities required, and the number of stakeholders involved means that eective management and co-
ordination of the Plans implementation and nancing will be critical to reaching targeted goals.
In line with the guiding principles outlined above, the responsibility for overall implementation, coordination, and oversight
of the early recovery and reconstruction process will rest with the Government. However, the implementation of the Plan
will involve all key ministries and Government bodies, working across all levels of Government and in close cooperation with
numerous partners, including national development agencies, local and international NGOs, and the private sector.
The Government will lead the coordination of all stakeholder eorts in order to avoid duplication of eorts, identify gaps, and
optimize the use of resources available, as detailed in Section 5.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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SECTION3
GAZA RAPID
ASSESSMENT OF
DAMAGES AND NEEDS
. 1 Social Sector
. 2 Infrastructure Sector
. 3 Economic Sector
. 4 Governance Sector
Conducted in the immediate aftermath of the assault, the preliminary
assessment found an unprecedented scale of destruction. All geographic areas
of Gaza were aected by the conict and witnessed aerial bombardment,
naval shelling, or artillery re. Some 44 percent of Gaza was designated by the
Israeli military as a buer zone, from the fenced border with Israel towards the
west and in northern Gaza. Due to its densely populated and largely urban
environment, all people in Gaza were exposed to the conict and suered from
damages to vital infrastructure.
Since Gaza was already facing serious humanitarian and developmental
challenges, this Plan provides a contextual description of the needs existing
before the July/August assault (where relevant), followed by a description of the
losses created by the assault.
29
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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2009 - 2014 DENSITY COMPARISON OF DESTROYED AND SEVERELY
DAMAGED STRUCTURES IN GAZA
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3.1 SOCIAL SECTOR
Seven weeks of bombardment, seven years of blockade, and 25 years of movement restrictions have taken their toll on
Palestinians living in Gaza. Social services, including health and education, are overstretched by historical weaknesses and new
losses. Poverty, food insecurity, and social vulnerability have rocketed as a result of the mass displacement and destruction of the
population. Many households in Gaza can no longer live without external assistance, putting additional pressure on the social
protection system.
3.1.1 Social Protection and Social Safety Nets
Prior to the Assault
Decades of border restrictions and repeated assaults have destroyed livelihood opportunities and left most families in Gaza highly
vulnerable to further shocks. Eighty percent of people in Gaza depend on social assistance, while social transfers (both cash and
in-kind) have become an important source of income for the majority of households, accounting for approximately 16 percent
of total household consumption overall and 31 percent among the poorest households prior to the assault. Some 72 percent of
people were either food insecure or vulnerable to food insecurity, even when taking into account UN food distributions to almost
1.1 million people. For as long as the closure continues, levels of food insecurity will remain high.
Impact of the Assault
Gaza families have shown marked resilience to these stresses, drawing upon their extended community networks to provide
informal safety nets. However, the aftermath of this assault will strain those remarkable networks, as food prices soar, new families
fall into poverty, and others are pushed further down. Greater food insecurity now exists, exacerbated by massive displacement,
destruction in the agriculture/shery sector, lack of cooking gas, fuel, and cooking utensils, and limited access to water.
Thousands of households have lost income sources (due to the death, disabling, or unemployment of workers) and homes
(with tens of thousands of houses destroyed or damaged). Some 1,500 children have lost one or both parents. Over 1,000 newly
injured people will be permanently disabled, creating greater social and nancial responsibility on their family and social safety
nets. Psychosocial trauma is widespread, making recovering from loss a longer process for all, particularly children, bereaved
families, and inhabitants of the most impacted neighborhoods.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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3.1.2 Health and Psychosocial Well-Being
Prior to the Assault
Even before the latest assault, health services in Gaza were strained by a rapidly increasing population, nancial constraints, and
scarcity of medical supplies. Medical equipment experienced frequent breakdowns caused by power interruptions and water
impurities, among other factors. Most existing health facilities were in need of rehabilitation and upgrading in order to ensure
quality services and meet the needs of a growing population.
Impact of the Assault
Over half of Gazas hospitals and clinics are aected. Fifteen of 32 hospitals are damaged, with three of them closed. Forty-
ve of 97 primary health care clinics in Gaza are damaged (with four completely destroyed) and 17 are closed, along with
two psychiatric clinics and the only rehabilitation center in Gaza. Twenty-ve ambulances were destroyed or damaged. Health
workers have also suered seriously: 23 have died and 83 were injured during attacks on ambulances and hospitals.
The current crisis has illuminated the dramatic
eects of the massive shortage in the availability of
medical supplies and services. In the aftermath of
the assault, health services will be in exponentially
greater demand, resulting from the large number of
injuries, increased public health risks, and massive
psychological trauma.
Details of the losses suered by private and NGO health
facilities are not yet known (apart from the destruction
of Al-Wafa Hospital, the only rehabilitation hospital in
Gaza, counted above), but high reconstruction and
re-equipping costs are assumed.
Given the high number of children injured and the relative youth of Gaza residents, the cumulative psychological and physical
impact of this and previous assaults represents a serious and long-term responsibility for the health system. Newly injured patients
were released prematurely to relieve pressure on hospital services and will require follow-up and further treatment. Over 40,000
pregnant women cannot access antenatal care, which puts their unborn children at risk. The UN estimates that 373,000 children
will need direct and specialized psychological counseling, while all students will require some form of psychological assistance.
3.1.3 Education
Prior to the Assault
Education in Gaza has long been characterized by overcrowding and unsafe conditions (approximately 37.3 students per class).
The 2008 assault resulted in 217 schools and 60 kindergartens being damaged, including 18 facilities damaged beyond repair: the
ongoing blockade has prevented the urgently needed reconstruction of damaged schools and construction of new ones. The
annual increase of students in Gaza is nearly four percent (approximately 10,000 new students) and 79 percent of Governmental
schools and 88 percent of UNRWA schools operate on a double shift system. In 2012, the UN found that 200 additional schools
were needed and another 190 schools would be needed by 2020.
Impact of the Assault
The Ministry of Education and Higher Education (MOEHE) started the school year on September 14, three weeks later than
the scheduled August 24. However, damage is widespread and severe in the primary and secondary education sector across
33
government and UNRWA systems: 26 schools
were destroyed, 122 schools were damaged,
and a further 113 schools were used as shelters
for IDPs. In total, over 559,000 students have
been aected by damage to Gazas schools and
universities. Damage was greatest in the Gaza
governorate, particularly in the east, where nine
schools were destroyed and 39 damaged.
Damage was also signicant in pre-school,
private, and higher education facilities,
although detailed assessments are not yet
complete. Half of all universities in Gaza
are damaged, including Al Aqsa University,
Palestine Technical College, the Technology
and Science University, and Islamic University.
The impact on students will be long-term and will result in further over-crowding and potentially irregular schedules for
Government and UN students, who may have to travel further and at greater cost to alternate schools. Damaged facilities
are likely to require three to ten months for reconstruction or rehabilitation. Over 56,000 IDPs remain sheltering in 41 UNRWA
schools and two government schools.
Educational resources, technologies, supplies, and hygiene facilities were damaged or destroyed on a large-scale, particularly
following the destruction of the MOEHE warehouse: replacing them will be complicated by shortages of fuel and materials, leading
to sharp increase in educational costs. Families of students who have lost their houses would need support in order to ensure the
availability of school uniforms and stationary for their children. Psychosocial support of aected students will also be essential.
3.1.4 Civil Society, Community-Based Organizations, and Faith-Based Institutions
Prior to the Assault
Civil society organizations (CSO) have long had a strong presence in Palestine. CSOs have played a key role in service delivery
especially in the health sector.
Impact of the Assault
Full details of the damages inicted on the civil society in Gaza are not yet available, although an estimated 222 social protection
organizations and charities were damaged.
Places of worship were also damaged, including a number of historical signicance. In total, 296 mosques were aected (with 73
completely destroyed), three churches were damaged, and 10 cemeteries were damaged.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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3.2 INFRASTRUCTURE
Residents of Gaza are struggling to cope without secure supplies of water, sanitation, and power. Nearly half a million people
were displaced by danger or housing loss. Around 110,000 people will remain displaced long-term. The implications of the
damage left by the July/August assault are vast, in nancial cost, human suering, and public health. However, the scale of the
damage also brings attention to the chronic vulnerabilities of infrastructure in Gaza. As numerous UN reports have highlighted,
the water, sanitation, and energy sectors are close to failure, potentially making Gaza an unlivable place by as soon as 2020.
3.2.1 Clearance of Rubble and Explosive Remnants of War
Impact of the Assault
The Israeli military shelled and bombarded Gaza for seven weeks from sea, air, and land. Over 2.5 million tons of rubble are spread
across Gaza, particularly in areas that experienced the heaviest bombardment, such as Beit Hanoun, Beit Lahia and Shujaiyeh
(Gaza City), Khuzaa, and Rafah.
An estimated 20,000 tons of explosives were red by the Israeli military: some 5,000 ERWs have yet to be secured, according to
the UN. As a result, ERWs currently pose a major threat to children, farmers, IDPs returning home, reconstruction workers, and
humanitarian workers. UNMAS estimates that 713,000 Gaza residents could be aected and that children are at greatest risk, with
an estimated 450,000 in danger of accidentally triggering an ERW. Well-placed concerns about ERWs are likely to deter IDPs from
returning to their homes, if still standing. Rubble clearance will also be complicated by hidden ERWs.
The Police Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) unit in Gaza has already identied probable location of ERWs and begun removing
and disarming ERWs, when possible. In Khan Younis alone, 1,800 disabling and destroying missions took place during the assault.
The EOD Unit continued working throughout the assault, without specialized tools or safety equipment: four EOD sta (including
the unit head) were killed, along with two journalists, in August while attempting to disarm an ERW.
3.2.2 Energy
Prior to the Assault
Gaza was suering from an electricity decit prior to the July/August assault, as a result of fuel scarcity, inadequate infrastructure, power
leakage, limited nancial resources, and impediments on sector development caused by Israeli occupation and restrictions. With the
power supply at 200MW of the required 450MW prior to the assault, daily power cuts were normal (lasting as long as 16 hours in certain
areas), restricting private sector operation and aecting the provision of essential services such as water supply, sewage treatment and
removal, and the functioning of health services. Upgrades to the network, improved fuel resources, and additional power lines were
already critically needed to meet current needs alone. Yet, without strategic interventions to create sustainable capacity growth, the
energy crisis will continue: by 2020, Gazas energy supply will have to at least double to meet demand.
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Impact of the Assault
Less than 30 percent of electricity demand is now being met. Damaged assets include the main storage warehouse, network
structures, the north Gaza substation, and the only local electricity power plant. The Gaza Power Plants fuel treatment and
storage facilities were completely destroyed. In addition, only 10 percent of the electricity received is utilized due to the extensive
damage sustained by the internal distribution network. For instance, severe network damage means that, in eastern Gaza City,
Beit Hanoun, Khuzaa and eastern of Rafah, the majority of households there are not likely to receive electricity.
3.2.3 Water and Waste Water
Prior to the Assault
The water and waste water sectors were at crisis point prior to the assault. Gaza relies almost completely on its coastal aquifer,
which is being over-abstracted and inltrated by sewage, pollution, and sea-water. The aquifer could become unusable as early
as 2016 and only seven percent of operating water wells produce potable water according to WHO standards. In general, only
10 percent of water in Gaza is now potable. Although the water network coverage is almost universal, its distribution eciency
was down to 55 percent. As a result, access to clean water was already limited, with average consumption at 70-90 percent of
the global WHO daily standard.
Impact of the Assault
The attacks severely impacted the water, sanitation
and hygiene sectors, leaving at least 450,000 people
vulnerable to serious public health risks. Primary
water pipelines, water reservoirs, house connections,
sewage pipelines, wastewater treatment plants, and
sewage pumping stations were directly targeted
and damaged. Well pumping stations, the waste
water treatment plants, and the desalination process
are now disabled by electricity and fuel shortages.
Between 20 and 30 percent of water and sewage
networks remain damaged, mostly in Khan Younis,
and 12 percent of wells were destroyed or damaged,
mostly in Gaza City, Beit Hanoun, and Deir Al-Balah.
Around 90 percent of water (and sanitation) facilities rely on electric power for pumping water to the population. Water provision
is now cut or severely restricted, with residents of North Gaza and Khan Younis most aected. Between 30 to 50 percent of
household water storage capacity was damaged and many households lack the electricity or pumps to ll water storage when
water is available. Despite rapid repair by the Coastal Water Management Utility (CWMU) of 80 percent of priority repairs to
infrastructure, between 20 to 30 percent (450,000 people) are unable to access municipal water. Costs of desalinated and
tinkered water have increased, further limiting access to water for vulnerable families and creating nancial stress for the larger
population, which was already dependent on private water vendors prior to the assault.
Sanitation is also a priority: services are damaged and the massive number of IDPs are overwhelming the public shelters or
their shared accommodations. This represents a serious imminent public health risk, with infectious diseases reportedly on the
rise, particularly amongst IDPs. Only 50 percent of wastewater is treated and is owing into the sea and streets or mixing with
water, posing a severe environmental and public health threat. Although solid waste services are functioning in most areas,
collection is infrequent and residents are dumping waste within their communities. Lack of spare parts and fuel for operation
and maintenance are likely to cause further service disruptions.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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3.2.4 Shelter and Housing
Prior to the Assault
Gaza was already facing a housing shortage of over 75,000 units, as a result of a rapidly growing and young population, import
restrictions on construction materials, and signicant damage and destruction during previous assaults.
Impact of the Assault
Further severe stress was caused by the July/August assault, which aected around 60,000 housing units (or 18 percent of Gazas
housing stock). Around 20,000 housing units were totally destroyed or severely damaged. A further 40,000 housing units were
partially damaged, impacting a further 260,000 people.
One in four Gaza residents were displaced by the Israeli bombardment, forced into public shelters or shared accommodation: of
that number, over 68 percent were displaced by housing damage. Weeks after the ceasere, as this report goes to print, some
110,000 IDPs remain in public shelters or with host families.
Type of damage Destroyed Severe Damage Partial damage Total Units
Description Totally destroyed houses, beyond
repair. Need demolition and
reconstruction.
Severe damages in essential
parts of house. Uninhabitable
until major rehabilitation work
is undertaken.
Major or minor damages in
part of house. House can be
inhabited but needs repairs
North Gaza 2,300 2,300 8,000 12,600
Gaza 2,900 2,900 15,000 20,800
Middle Gaza 1,500 1,500 6,000 9,000
Khan Younis 2,000 2,000 7,000 11,000
Rafah 1,300 1,300 4,000 6,600
Total 10,000 10,000 40,000 60,000
3.2.5 Government Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure
Impact of the Assault
The impact of the July/August assault was universal on public infrastructure. Municipalities, central government authorities, and
UNRWA report destruction and damage to facilities, and critical operational infrastructure and equipment. In total, 78 public
buildings were destroyed, adding to the 28 public buildings destroyed in previous assaults.
3.2.6 Border Crossings
The 2006 Access and Movement Agreement (AMA) identied six border crossings for commercial and traveler use, as well as
the international airport and commercial seaport. Currently, only three border crossings are functional, with minimal movement
allowed across all three. Other crossings and access (including the safe passage to the West Bank) are not open, and their facilities
range from being under-developed, damaged, deteriorated, or destroyed. This non-compliance with the AMA has suppressed
economic growth and eectively imprisoned 1.8 million people.
3.2.7 Roads
Impact of the Assault
The municipal road networks suered the most damage. One in every two kilometers of regional roads in Gaza were already
unpaved or damaged, as a result of damage in previous Israeli incursions or because rehabilitation was hindered by the blockade.
Further damage to roads during the assault impeded rapid response and civilian evacuation and continues to constrain provision
of basic and critical services. Khan Younis, Gaza, and North Gaza experienced the greatest road damage respectively.
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3.3 ECONOMIC SECTOR
The private sector in Gaza has undergone more than a decade of strife since 2000. The nearly complete halt in imports to and
exports from Gaza after 2007 resulted in a dramatic drop in manufacturing and agricultural outputs, as most items essential to
private sector revitalization remain on banned lists and are inaccessible.
Although the blockade was slightly eased in 2010 to allow imports of consumer goods and construction materials for donor
funded projects, restrictions on imports of construction and raw materials to the private sector are still fully in place; similarly,
exports to the West Bank and Israeli markets, which traditionally absorbed around 85 percent of Gazas exports, are still restricted.
Combined with the destruction of the tunnels that were the only other unocial supply line for Gaza (enabling an estimated
$700 million annual trade), the blockade has eectively suocated the economy. Signicantly, engagement in innovative and
business-upgrading activities has dropped among Palestinian rms in recent years, driven primarily by diminished levels of
activity among Gaza rms.
The most recent assault has been a further, severe shock. Thousands of factories and commercial establishments are damaged or
destroyed and the agricultural and shing industries are in ruins. Unemployment, which was already at unacceptably high levels,
has been exacerbated. Sustainable recovery will require signicant eorts to generate private sector-led growth.
3.3.1 Agriculture and Fishing
Prior to the Assault
Since the 1990s, agriculture in Gaza has been in a steady and serious decline. While Israeli military restrictions on access and
movement have been destructive in all economic sectors, the agricultural sector has been one of the worst hit. Seventeen
percent of Gaza is largely o-limits, including 35 percent of its agricultural land, while more than 3,000 shermen do not have
access to 85 percent of the maritime areas agreed in the 1995 Oslo Accords. As a result, fewer crops are now grown and the sh
catch has decreased dramatically. Overall, land and sea restrictions aect 178,000 people, 12 percent of Gaza residents, and result
in annual estimated losses of almost $80 million from agricultural production and shing.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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Impact of the Assault
The agricultural sector was directly targeted by during the July/August assault: 30 percent of agricultural land was damaged.
Much of the best agricultural land was part of the operational area of the Israeli military and is assumed to be contaminated by
ERWs. These will need to be cleared before farmers can be condent of working their land safely.
An estimated 40 percent of livestock died: half the poultry stock and hundreds of sheep and cows perished in the bombardment
or from lack of feed and water, when owners could not access their farms. A large number of the irrigation wells, irrigation
systems, greenhouses, productive trees, post-harvest facilities, and agricultural equipment were also targeted and destroyed.
The areas most aected in the agricultural sector are Khan Younis, followed by Rafah, Gaza, North Gaza, and Middle Gaza.
The shery sector was also greatly aected: shermen could not access the sea for the duration for the assault and many boats
were destroyed. In the rst month of the assault, nine percent of the annual catch was lost, impacting the already limited,
protein-low Gaza diet.
3.3.2 Industry and Manufacturing
Prior to the Assault
The industrial sector in Gaza is mainly comprised of small and medium sized rms representing 94 percent of the total industrial
enterprises in Gaza. Over 50 percent of enterprises across the industrial, furniture, garment, textile, and agribusiness sectors were
closed over recent years due to a combination of physical damage inicted by the conicts and deteriorating market conditions
caused by trade restrictions. The Palestinian Federation of Industries (PFI) reports that the number of industrial workers dropped
from 350,000 in 2005 to less than 15,000 in mid-2013, which is a strong indication of the shrinking industrial base in Gaza.
Electricity has become the top binding constraint reported by Palestinian rms in Gaza, second only to political instability. The
blockade halted Gazas exports, virtually ending the operations of key export sectors: the number of truckloads that currently exit
Gaza is less than four percent of the pre-blockade 2006 rate and one percent of the 2000 rate, averaging one truck only every
two days in 2013 and 2014.
Impact of the Assault
Gazas weakened industrial rms suered both direct and indirect losses as a result of the assault. In total, 990 industrial enterprises
were impacted: 297 factories and workshops were destroyed and 693 were partially damaged. The construction industry suered
the biggest losses, making up 28 percent of damaged industries, while the greatest concentration of damage was in Gaza City,
where 68 percent of the damaged industries were located. Many industrial facilities had to suspend their production because of
power and fuel shortages. In turn, the closure of facilities and suspension of production resulted in dismissal of workers because
rms were unable to pay wages.
Although companies in the Gaza Industrial Estate (GIE) were not directly targeted, infrastructure at the GIE was damaged, restricting
the operations of rms within the estate even after the assault.
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3.3.3 Trade and Services
Prior to the Assault
Trade activities in Gaza are extremely dicult under strict Israeli measures and full control over the crossings. This has deprived
rms of access to West Bank and international markets. The internal trade sector in Gaza is mainly comprised of micro and small
enterprises representing 99 percent of the total commercial enterprises. The trade sector is well connected with agriculture and
manufacturing. Without a scale up in these sectors, retail and wholesale activities will not be able to ourish.
Israeli movement and access restrictions have limited the telecommunications sector for years, including on the launch of a
second Palestinian mobile phone operator, the import of equipment, and the movement of personnel into and out of Gaza.
International tourism has become a moribund industry due to restrictions on entry into Gaza, although domestic (internal)
tourism has grown, as Palestinians seek leisure within the connes of the blockaded borders of Gaza. However, this is insucient
to occupy the 15 hotels.
Impact of the Assault
Nearly 4,200 commercial enterprises suered during the assault: around 1,255 were destroyed and 2,928 were partially damaged.
Over 90 percent are small stores.
The scale of damage and destruction to telecommunications (telephony and internet) infrastructure is reported to be signicant,
with the damage mainly in the xed line network. Rehabilitation will depend on access to materials from the external market
and entrance of specialized personnel into Gaza. The mobile communications network is seriously disrupted in a number of
Gaza districts: 225 stations have no power supply and 14 stations were destroyed.
The assault has dealt a further blow to the tourism industry. Many of important sites were damaged during the July/August assault,
including three submitted by the Government for addition to UNESCOs list of World Heritage sites.
Five bank branches were damaged during the bombardment. The degree of indirect losses to the banking sector will become
clear as the situation stabilizes and banks determine which customers will be unable to pay back their loans, and the impact of
this on total non-performing loans.
3.3.4 Employment and Livelihood
Prior to the Assault
Unemployment was at 45 percent (after a sharp increase from 28 percent following the end of the tunnel trade in mid-2013):
nearly 70 percent of young people were unemployed.
Impact of the Assault
While nal gures are not yet available about the level of unemployment post-assault, the widespread devastation of the
economic sector and the prolonged suspension of work indicate that the rate of unemployment has jumped signicantly and
will remain higher than the pre-assault rate for a prolonged period.
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3.4 GOVERNANCE SECTOR
A functional and unied public administration under the National Consensus Government is pivotal to the success of the
recovery and reconstruction plan, to stabilizing Gaza, and to providing services to its citizens. Within the period of this Plan,
the Government, in parallel to leading and implementing the recovery and reconstruction eort, will need to assume eective
authority and sole governmental responsibilities in Gaza; consolidate authority over ministries and Government agencies and
reintegrate them with national institutions; harmonize and rationalize the civil service in Gaza; and gradually assume security
responsibilities as part of a comprehensive security sector reform, starting with the assumption of policing responsibilities under
the authority of the Government to maintain civic law and order.
The scale of destruction and massive displacement as a result of the Israeli assault could potentially lead to destabilized security,
if immediate relief and early recovery are not provided adequately. Accordingly, the rst objective in the short-term is to ensure
the operations of central and local government institutions for relief, early recovery, and reconstruction of Gaza. Achieving this
will require a temporary solution for the personnel engaged by the previous de facto authorities post-June 2007 who have not
received regular payments for a prolonged period of up to one year. This temporary mechanism will be limited in time and
function in parallel to beginning the process of harmonization and rationalization of the civil service, aimed at determining the
retention and retraining of existing civil servants who are not currently in active duty and the possible integration of personnel
who were recruited over the past seven years by the previous de-facto authorities, following the determination of their status.
3.4.1 Operational Capacity of Central Government Institutions
The consolidation of the public administration under the authority of the National Consensus Government requires a careful
examination of available modalities within the existing scal limitations of the budget. The civil service employees in Gaza
have not been able to assume their responsibilities yet and return to their work. In addition, those employed by the previous
de facto authorities after June 2007 have not received regular payments for months, and their status remains undened. These
include some 10,000 personnel in the education and health sectors, who perform vital social services for the population. This
is in addition to several thousand civil police ocers and members of the security apparatus. This situation is not tenable and
threatens the operational capacity of central government institutions to implement early recovery and reconstruction programs.
The consolidation of the public administration and service provision will further be complicated by the immediate impact of the
assault, which resulted in the destruction of public buildings, along with government equipment and vehicles.
3.4.2 Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions
Municipalities are direct providers of essential daily services to their citizens and as such play a key role in recovery and
reconstruction eorts.
Municipalities to a large degree depend on revenues for services and municipal fees and taxes. In impoverished Gaza, however,
citizens are not able to pay these service fees and taxes. As a result, municipal personnel have not received regular payments
for months, and currently only core personnel is reporting to work. While conditions vary slightly between municipalities, the
operational capacity of municipalities has been compromised during the most critical period. Especially in the current recovery
and reconstruction phase, it is vital that municipalities work at their maximum capacity.
Municipalities have also suered direct losses. Municipal facilities and equipment have been destroyed and damaged throughout
Gaza, though Rafah, Beit Lahia, and Gaza City incurred most of the damages. These damages further undermine the operational
capacity of the aected municipalities.
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3.4.3 Rule of Law and Human Rights
The weeks of shelling and bombardment have compromised rule of law and human rights in Gaza beyond the assault. Law
enforcement infrastructure, courts, prosecution departments, and family courts, as well as the only womens shelter were also
destroyed or damaged. The Palestinian Bar Association lost eight of its lawyers.
While enforcement capacities have been weakened, protection needs have increased substantially, including at IDP centers.
Considering the massive loss of lives and property and the corresponding need to nd alternative shelter, it is expected that rule
of law institutions will be confronted with a strong increase in caseloads related to land, property, and housing rights, as well as
with personal status, heritage, and custody issues.
The disproportional killing of civilians and the massive destruction of civilian infrastructure all point out to serious violations of
International Humanitarian Law by Israel. Human rights organizations based in Gaza and the West Bank have mobilized their
resources and are cooperating in documenting and investigating violations of International Humanitarian Law. These activities are
vital for ensuring accountability and need to be conducted at the very early stage, at times ahead of the removal of rubble and
other damages.
3.4.4 Implementation and Coordination
As noted above, widespread destruction and government transitions have impacted the capacity and resources of the
Government. There is a need to upgrade the operational capacity of central government institutions to implement this Plan.
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SECTION4
RECOVERY AND
RECONSTRUCTION
INTERVENTIONS
. 1 Social Sector
. 2 Infrastructure Sector
. 3 Economic Sector
. 4 Governance Sector
Relief activities are already underway to respond to humanitarian needs and
increase availability of essential services. The interventions outlined below build
upon ongoing and planned relief activities and are designed to be an eective
bridge between current critical needs and a more sustainable response to new
and chronic needs in Gaza. This is particularly important because of the decline in
the quality of services and economic conditions before the July/August assault.

In order to address the needs of people in Gaza in an integrated and coordinated
way, priority interventions must ensure that sectoral and sub-sectoral needs are
considered in relation to each other. Interventions in one sector will reinforce those
in others. For example, an improved supply of energy will increase availability of
water and sanitation services, improving living conditions (particularly for IDPs),
reducing public health risks, and protecting the vulnerable (such as women and
children). Energy is also critical to reviving the private sector, which will be an
important supply and employment resource during recovery and reconstruction.
The sequencing and prioritization of recovery and reconstruction activities
recommended below is a result of the careful consideration of the various sub-
sectors of the Plan.
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4.1 SOCIAL SECTOR
Response in the social sector will be quick and signicant. Social protection programs are being expanded to accommodate the
newly poor and vulnerable. Education and health services will be strengthened to cope with the systemic shocks triggered by
the assault and the increased demand on services.
4.1.1 Social Protection and Social Safety Nets
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
$230m $8m $80m $317m
Tens of thousands of families are struggling to cope in the aftermath of destruction, death, and nancial loss. Over 30,000
households (around 172,500 individuals) are estimated to have newly fallen into poverty and food insecurity, increasing the
already substantial number of people dependent on aid. There is an immediate need to signicantly scale up the Governments
existing social protection programs as a result, including:
Cash Transfer Program for 95,000 households (up from a pre-assault 65,000 household level)
Health insurance coverage for 70,000 households (up from 40,000 household level)
Regular food assistance (through WFP) for 55,000 households (up from 25,000 households)
These scaled up programs are expected to last up to two years.
A second exceptional food distribution will be provided to all households not already receiving regular food assistance (estimated
to include 730,000 households). Short-term assistance will also be provided to newly displaced and conict-aected refugee
families, including food parcels to IDPs in shelters and non-food items (NFI) to IDPs and refugee families.
Early recovery interventions will seek to create or strengthen longer-term support, including raising awareness of and responding
to the emerging needs of refugee women, providing reimbursement of medical and burial expenses, providing new orphans
with sponsorship cash allowance, and exempting 140,000 students from school fees (up from 120,000). Child protection systems
will be strengthened, including child protection services, helplines, referrals, and resilience building activities, particularly in
response to children living in displaced families.
45
Longer-term assistance projects will aim to strengthen vulnerable households (e.g., households headed by women or including
the disabled) by supporting income-generating projects and encourage newly disabled people to re-integrate through
vocational training and home adaptations.
Protection for women against gender-based violence (GBV) will be increased through multiple interventions, including a
rapid assessment, mapping of available services for women and girls, strengthening of protection resources (e.g., safe places,
protection committees, and referral pathways), and awareness raising amongst women and their community about GBV and
specialized services.
A new assessment of vulnerability in Gaza will also be conducted, based on a survey of household expenditure and consumption.
4.1.2 Health and Psychosocial Well-Being
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
$14m $159m $45m $218m
In the aftermath of the assault, health services are overburdened, under-resourced, and still very much in demand. Interventions
must focus on ensuring hospitals, clinics, and other health providers are able to respond, now and in the long-term. Primary
health care services are crucial to prevent outbreaks of diseases and in the relief phase - will be provided to IDPs in shelters,
particularly new mothers.
Health facilities will be provided with medication and medical supplies to replenish stocks exhausted during the July/August
assault. Eight hospitals, 21 primary health care clinics, two psychiatric clinics and a clinic for the handicapped need repair and
re-equipping, following damage to physical infrastructure, equipment, and furniture. Specialized medical equipment also needs
repairing or replacing: electromechanical, medical equipment, and spare parts will also be provided, along with 25 ambulances.
During the recovery phase, the health system will be strengthened by analyzing and responding to needs in health human
resource, health information, medical stocks, non-communicable disease care standards, and emergency preparedness. The
cooling chain for vaccines will be restored, with capacity improvements, and provide a new stock of vaccines.
Psychosocial support will also be a key early recovery intervention, including for displaced families, including young girls and
elderly people, 100,000 children whose families lost their homes, new widows and women whose household has lost income-
earners, GBV survivors, 1,000 newly disabled, 1,500 new orphans, and UNRWA sta who worked during the assault.
Specialized protection mechanisms will be established to serve 60,000 highly vulnerable children with psychosocial services.
Schools will also serve as a mechanism for responding to trauma amongst children, including awareness-raising and counselling
sessions for school teachers, students, sta, and school safety committees; school-based activities to promote non-violence,
child protection, and psycho-social support by teachers and counselors; and psycho-social support to pupils and teachers to
improve coping skills.
During the reconstruction phase, ve primary health clinics and two rehabilitation centers destroyed during the assault will be
reconstructed and equipped. Finally, a comprehensive review of health sector emergency preparedness and response plans will
be carried out.
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4.1.3 Education

Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
$1m $45m $75m $121m
With half the Gaza population under 18, education can be used as a primary mechanism for social and psychosocial stabilization
throughout Gaza. Schools can provide much needed structure and normalcy for children, who are suering from direct or indirect
trauma. Damage was done across the entire educational spectrum: from pre-schools to universities. There is a massive scale of
rebuilding, repairing, and re-equipping that must be done in governmental, UN, private, and NGO schools and universities.
Schools will cater for students with existing or new disabilities (caused during the assault) who either have lost their specialized
equipment (e.g., mobility aids or hearing aids) in the assault or have new needs. Emergency education will also be provided to
children living in IDP shelters.
As the school year starts, new school supplies (e.g., uniforms, bags, and stationery) are being distributed to students, with a focus
on internally displaced students.
To promote educational early recovery, 144 government and UNRWA schools, one private school, three pre-schools, and four
universities will be repaired and re-equipped. A further twenty-two governmental schools, two pre-schools, and two university
buildings will need to be reconstructed.
Since school capacity was already insucient in Government and UNRWA schools, reconstruction plans will aim at creating
sucient capacity for both current and future students.
Therefore, reconstruction plans will aim at creating sucient capacity for both current and future student population. UNRWA
will also build transitional schooling facilities for refugees. A number of programs will be introduced to strengthen educational
delivery and respond to the aftermath of the assault.
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4.1.4 Civil Society, Community-Based Organizations, and Faith-Based
Institutions
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $4m $41m $45m
Civil society organizations suered heavily during the assault with over 220 organizations experiencing signicant damage.
These charities and NGOs will receive a one-time payment to help them re-establish their services to their 180,000 beneciaries.
Nearly 200 mosques will be rehabilitated and 73 mosques will be reconstructed. Reconstruction will also be undertaken for a
range of archaeological and cultural sites.
4.1.5 Summary of Interventions in Social Sector
Interventions & Estimated Costs by Phase
Sub-Sector Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction
Social Cash assistance and health
insurance for an additional 30,000
newly vulnerable households
Food and non-food assistance to
IDPs and non-IDPs
(*all to continue for full duration of plan)
Reimbursement of medical and
burial expenses
Exemptions from tuition fees for
students
Strengthening protection for
women and children
Support to permanently disabled
Livelihood support to vulnerable
households
Strengthening GBV protection
Vulnerability assessment
Estimated Cost: $230m Estimated Cost: $8m Estimated Cost: $80m
Health Emergency repairs on essential
equipment and vehicles
Primary health care services for
persons in shelters
Restocking of medication and
medical supplies
Rehabilitation of 8 damaged
hospitals and 24 clinics
Replacement of medical
equipment, spare parts, and 25
ambulances
Restoration of cooling chain for vaccines
Expanded psycho-social support
Improved health services for
refugees and children
Health system strengthening
Reconstruction of destroyed
hospital
Reconstruction of 5 destroyed clinics
Emergency preparedness
Estimated Cost: $14m Estimated Cost: $159m Estimated Cost: $45m
Education Provision of aids for disabled
students
Emergency education in shelters
Rehabilitation of 145 schools
Rehabilitation of 4 universities
Rehabilitation of 3 pre-schools
Provision of schooling supplies
Rehabilitation of 24 heavily
damaged schools and pre-schools
Reconstruction of 2 university
buildings
Crisis preparedness
Remedial education
Transitional schooling facilities
Estimated Cost: $1m Estimated Cost: $45m Estimated Cost: $75m
Civil society Rehabilitation of damaged NGO
infrastructure
Support to 222 social protection
NGOs with partial damages
Reconstruction of destroyed NGO
infrastructure
Rehabilitation of 196 mosques
Reconstruction of 73 mosques
Rehabilitation of archaeological
and cultural sites
Estimated Cost: $4m Estimated Cost: $41 m
ESTIMATED
SUB-SECTOR
COST
$245m $215m $241m
TOTAL SECTOR
COST
$701m
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4.2 INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR
Immediate response, as part of the relief and early recovery eort, is essential to ease individual suering and increase
access to basic services. However, given that Gazas infrastructure was already at breaking point prior to the assault,
short term xes cannot evolve into long-term solutions. Equally, the infrastructure reconstruction eort cannot simply
be a re-building of pre-existing infrastructure. Instead, reconstruction eorts will be informed by long-term, cross-sector
infrastructure planning that will establish eective integrated infrastructure networks as the basis for long-term sustainable
social and economic development.
A critical pre-requisite for infrastructure development is access and movement. Even the most urgent need or the most strategic
priority cannot be met if the blockade is not ended. Without materials and fuel, networks cannot be mended, houses cannot be
built, and a healthy and sustainable future cannot be assured
4.2.1 Clearance of Rubble and Explosive Remnants of War
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $20m $14m $34m
Two and a half million tons of rubble need to be removed, the mass clearance can be divided between the early recovery phase
and the reconstruction phase. Although it is not suitable for rebuilding, the rubble removed during the reconstruction phase
can be reused for road rehabilitation, curbs stones, and road paving. Large chunks of concrete can be reused as wave breakers
for the shing harbor.
Given the high tonnage of munitions used during this assault and the December 2008 assault, there is a signicant risk that ERWs
will be hidden in the rubble. Activities will include rapid assessments, emergency ERW (and explosive hazards) risk education
for civilians and humanitarian actors in highly impacted neighborhoods, as well as the oversight and monitoring of marking,
collection, and disposal of ERW by the Police EOD teams as and when the security and political situations allow. Activities would
begin in the early recovery phase and continue through the reconstruction phase.
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4.2.2 Energy
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $32m $153m $185m
A steady and sucient supply of electricity is essential to Gazas recovery. Immediate repairs are needed to the badly damaged
grid. A temporary storage facility will be found for electrical equipment, until the construction of a new main storage facility for
electrical equipment is completed as part of reconstruction.
An initial repair of the Gaza Power Plant has been completed to allow for its operation. In addition, planned early recovery will
see the restoration of the main power lines for supply from Israel and the provision of electrical materials to repair networks. In
parallel, the possible expansion of supply of electricity through existing lines from Egypt is being explored. Other potential short-
term alternatives are being evaluated, which include a connection to a oating naval power station.
However, the pre-existing energy decit requires more than an attempt to return to the cost-inecient status quo. In the long-
term, the Government will promote the cost-saving conversion of the Gaza Power Plant to natural gas from industrial diesel by
the private sector.
4.2.3 Water and Waste Water
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
$40m $80m $116m $236m
While pressing health risks justify immediate and primary focus on repairs, the water and sanitation sector is facing serious
systemic failings that must be addressed to ensure sustainable water sources and sanitation systems in the future. Long-term
interventions are essential to enable Gazas water and sanitation services to accommodate citizen and environmental demands
now and in the future.
Immediate interventions will include the provision of mobile pumps and generators (with spare parts and fuel) for pumping
water and wastewater. Access to clean water will be improved through the provision of chlorine to disinfect water. IDPs will
receive water for drinking and domestic use through water trucks and bulk water storage units and will have access to new
sanitation installations. Water and sanitation support for IDPs will continue through the early recovery phase.
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At the same time, the Palestine Water Authority will upgrade its operational capacity by procuring new machinery, equipment,
and vehicles to replace damaged or destroyed assets. Response to this operational need can be both emergency and early
recovery, but assistance will begin immediately to support rapid system repairs.
Urgent repairs have been done, including the restoration of the Rafah Waste Water Treatment Plant pipeline to the sea, which
stopped partially treated waste water seeping into ground water wells. However, signicant numbers of water and sanitation
systems, desalination units, wastewater pumping stations, and wastewater treatment plants need repair, as part of the early
recovery eort.
Municipal public roads, water and sanitation services, and electrical installations will be repaired to facilitate early recovery and
protect public health, particularly of the most vulnerable. Transitional solid waste dumps will be cleared.
In a later phase, water wells, networks, and tanks, and sanitation networks will be completely rebuilt, particularly in areas of
widespread destruction, including in Beit Hanoun, Jabalia, Shujaiyeh, eastern Rafah, and the eastern Khan Younis villages. Those
areas need a complete water and waste water infrastructure solution, which may require a re-design of the networks based on
the new population in the area.
During recovery and reconstruction phases, additional supply of potable water will be provided through supply of more water
from Israel of up to additional 10 MCM per year.
Longer-term responses to the challenges of clean water and sanitation for the people of Gaza must be funded. In light of
the current demand for fresh water and the expected growth by some 60 percent over current levels of abstraction from the
aquifer, the increase of potable water supply in the short-term and the longer-term through the interventions proposed below
are essential to restoring the aquifer. Already the UN Environmental Programme (UNEP) recommends ceasing abstraction
immediately from the aquifer to avoid irreversible damage and enable its recovery, a process which is expected to take decades.

4.2.4 Shelter and Housing
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
$129m $143m $910m $1,182m
Heavy bombardment of residential areas has damaged or demolished an estimated 60,000 housing units across Gaza, in a sector
still trying to recover from previous bombardments and import bans on construction materials. This housing damage displaced
one in four people in Gaza: at the time of going to print, over 110,000 people still remain in shelters or with host families.
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A joint program for early recovery and reconstruction will be implemented by the Government, UNRWA, and UNDP to respond
to the needs of refugee and non-refugee families whose houses had been aected by assault. The Government, UNRWA, and
the UNDP will conduct joint shelter assessments of damaged and destroyed homes in Gaza to help facilitate a transition period
for internally displaced persons.
Support to households is based on the extent of the damages suered. The 20,000 families whose homes have been destroyed
or severely damaged and therefore are uninhabitable - will receive temporary support measures before their houses can be
reconstructed. These include a rental subsidy/host family support package, which will provide each family between $200-250
per month depending on family size for rental. A one-time reintegration cash allowance will also be provided to the families to
enable the purchase of necessary NFIs. The Government will increase the currently limited rental capacity in Gaza by nishing
4,000 semi-constructed housing units for use as temporary shelters for IDPs over a two-year period.
Based on an assessment of the value of damages, the 40,000 families whose homes were partially damaged during the assault
will receive support of up to $3,000 per household to undertake house repairs.
In the longer-term, the 20,000 destroyed or severely damaged housing units will be rehabilitated or reconstructed by the
Government and UNRWA. This will form the largest part of the housing budget, with the reconstruction cost of a unit estimated
at $60,000 and repair of severe damage at $25,000.
In addition, the plan also covers 1,000 housing units destroyed that will also be reconstructed and rehabilitated to ease the pre-
assault housing decit.
The planned reconstruction and repair of these housing units is entirely contingent on the availability of construction materials, which
in turn depends on the complete removal of restrictions on imports to the private sector imposed by Israel, in addition to removing
obstacles and delays on the entry of materials to international agencies
4.2.5 Government Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $51m $97m $149m
During the early recovery phase, ministries that were directly aected by the assault will provide temporary buildings and
furniture for their employees. The Government will rehabilitate municipality buildings and facilities (e.g., garages, storehouses).
UNRWA will repair partially damaged schools, health centers, food distribution centers, and oces.
Destroyed buildings will be reconstructed at a later stage and include UNRWA facilities and 106 public buildings (including 28
buildings destroyed in previous assaults). The Government will also repair recreational sites and lighting/electrical works.
4.2.6 Border Crossings
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $5m $50m $55m
In Gaza, the political and security turmoil has rendered the crossings totally dysfunctional or non-existent. A new arrangement
at the crossings between Gaza and Israel and between Gaza and Egypt will be necessary. This Plan provides an overview of key
functionalities to be achieved during the post-assault recovery and reconstruction. However, the details and prioritization of
interventions at border crossings will be nalized in internationally-mediated negotiations.
Trade facilitation is the paramount driving force in the selection of border crossings. Gaza is and will continue to be dependent
on trade with other countries for its economic development. As a result, border crossings must be strategically located.
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Furthermore, special needs of certain products must be considered in locating and constructing border crossings: for instance,
agricultural products, aggregates, and pipelines need to have dedicated crossings. Basic equipment and operational costs will
be provided during the early recovery phase to facilitate movement through the crossings.
New infrastructure and additional facilities will be constructed for the movement of passengers. In addition to infrastructure
development requirements at the crossings, o site infrastructure leading to the crossings will require development, in particular
suitable access roads. Capacity development will also be required to ensure the eective and sustained operation of the crossings.
4.2.7 Roads
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- - $70m $70m
Extensive damage of municipal infrastructure is reported across Gaza, with the most damage inicted in Gaza City, Beit Hanoun,
Khuzaa, Bani Suheila, and Beit Lahia. Several roads will be rebuilt during the reconstruction phase, including the Al-Karamah
road, the northern part of Salah Ed-Din road, and some municipal roads.
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4.2.8 Summary of Interventions in Infrastructure Sector
Interventions & Estimated Costs by Phase
Sub-Sector Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction
Rubble and
ERW
Rubble and ERW removal
Heavy machinery for MOPWH
Rubble and ERW removal
Estimated Cost: $20m Estimated Cost: $14m
Energy:
electricity, fuel,
and gas
Restoration of power lines
Equipment for network repair
Alternative temporary electricity
generation
New supply line from Israel
Restoring transmission system
New storage facility
Estimated Cost: $32m Estimated Cost: $153m
Water, waste
water and
sanitation
Restoration of temporary water
provision
Water provision to IDPs
Clearance of transitional solid
waste dump sites
Restore PWA/CMWU capacity
Continued restoration of
temporary water provision
Continued water provision to IDPs
Rehabilitation of water and
wastewater infrastructure
Rehabilitation of solid waste
disposal capacity
Restoration of PWA/CMWU
capacity
Continued rehabilitation of water
and wastewater infrastructure
Procurement of water from Israel
(15MCM/year)
Estimated Cost: $40m Estimated Cost: $80m Estimated Cost: $116m
Housing and
Shelter
Rental subsidy/host family
support for those with
uninhabitable housing
One-time household items
allowance for those with
uninhabitable housing
Temporary shelter solutions for
those with uninhabitable housing
Assessment and compensation
for repair of damaged houses
Reconstruction of houses
Repair of severely damaged
houses
Estimated Cost: $129m Estimated Cost: $143m Estimated Cost: $910m
Public
Buildings
Temporary location and furniture
for aected ministries
Repairs of UNRWA installations
Reconstruction of 106 public
buildings
Rehabilitation of lighting
Rehabilitation of recreational sites
(parks, sports facilities)
Estimated Cost: $51m Estimated Cost: $97m
Roads Road repair
Estimated Cost: $70m
Border
Crossings
Initial limited operation of
crossings
Rehabilitation of border crossings
Estimated Cost: $5m Estimated Cost: $50m
Environment Environmental damage and
hazardous waste management
assessment
Estimated Cost: $ 1m
ESTIMATED
SUB-SECTOR
COST
$169m $332m $1,411m
TOTAL SECTOR
COST
$1.9b
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4.3 ECONOMIC SECTOR
The private sector has a crucial role to play in Gazas early recovery and long-term economic growth. It will be the production
and trading source of materials and services needed by Gaza residents to feed and clothe their families, repair their homes,
and rebuild their lives. A stronger private sector can also generate more income-generation opportunities, whether through
employment in existing companies or industries immediately critical to Gazas recovery, including construction and agriculture.
In addition, Gaza has in the past demonstrated a high capacity for manufacturing and agricultural production in sectors such as
furniture, textiles, strawberries, and owers, to name a few. This capacity suggests a great potential for Gaza to serve as a hub for
production of high quality goods and specialty services in the Middle East.
Therefore, rebuilding the private sector entails much more than rebuilding factories and farms damaged in recent years, and
much more than re-creating former linkages to past markets in traditional sectors. The economy in Gaza must be reconceived to
be better placed in responding to world market demands several years from now. This will require investment in a highly skilled,
modern work force, the technology and equipment to produce high quality goods and services that command competitive
prices, and an up-to-date and ever evolving understanding of the demands of world markets. The private sector must be ready
soon to take advantage of the opportunity to serve markets from which it has been eectively banned for many years.
4.3.1 Agriculture and Fishing
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $194m $257m $451m
Given the seasonal nature of agricultural production, farmers will need rapid assistance in repairing agricultural land, crops,
fruit trees, and livestock to restore their livelihoods and improve agricultural supplies to local markets. This will also be required
for shermen. Detailed assessments will be undertaken to assess damages and understand losses. Compensation for losses is
expected to be a rst step in early recovery.
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Thereafter, Government will implement a series of interventions under the umbrella of an Agricultural Support Program (ASP). These
interventions will provide assistance to small farmers and households who have been aected by the assault on Gaza, including:
1. Assistance to farmers who own or lease lands that have been aected by the Israeli assaults. Aected farmers will be
supported by the provision of nancing to procure needed greenhouse materials, water storage and drip irrigation systems,
and seed/plant stock. To the extent possible, agricultural inputs should be procured locally to help restore Gaza industries.
Repair or replacement of physical infrastructure of the agricultural sector will be needed.
2. Assistance to farmers and households who have lost livestock. ASP will provide nancial assistance for these farmers to
rehabilitate their livelihood assets; procure livestock and repair their farms.
3. Assistance to shermen to repair and/or replace their damaged equipment and boats.
ASP will provide an important source of economic security to disadvantaged women and youth.
4.3.2 Industry and Manufacturing
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $75m $284m $359m
The Government will work to support the industrial and manufacturing sector in re-
building its capacity and strengthening its future productivity. All industrial rms reporting
damages will undergo a damage assessment that will certify the level of losses and
eligibility for assistance.
Compensation for production losses will be distributed as a rst step in early recovery.
Thereafter the Government will implement a series of interventions under the umbrella of
an Industrial Repair Program (IRP). These interventions will rapidly respond to the severe
damage to the private sector and help jump-start the production cycle, including in the
food and construction sectors. These two industries are particularly critical. The food
industry can help provide food security to Gazan citizens, whilst construction rms must
be prepared to have an active role in the reconstruction eorts.
To be eligible for assistance, rms will need to show proven track records of production
in the past, that they are economically viable, or have the potential to resume operations
once equipment or physical infrastructure is restored.
The program will provide nancial grants to rms to assist them to:
Renovate and/or reconstruct destroyed business premises and facilities. Such premises have to be either owned by the applicant or
leased for a minimum of one year from the application date.
Repair or replace equipment in damaged factories and rms that have lost their core production equipment.
Acquire oce equipment, such as computers, telephones, fax machines, and furniture, to continue their operations.
The implementation approach will stress the importance of job creation not only at the beneciary level but at the suppliers and service
providers end as well. A cost-sharing mechanism by the rms will be encouraged.
The Government is exploring options to support the relocation of destroyed factories to the GIE, pending the immediate repair of
damaged infrastructure of the industrial estate. Preliminary analysis suggest that also scope for expanding the GIE by 50 percent to
accommodate these relocations.
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4.3.3 Trade and services
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $130m $77m $207m
Similarly to industrial rms, all trade and services rms reporting damages will undergo a damage assessment that will certify the
level of losses and eligibility for assistance.
Compensation for production losses will be distributed as a rst step in early recovery.
Thereafter, the Government will implement a series of interventions under the umbrella of a Commercial and Services
Rehabilitation Program (CSRP). The CSRP will provide cash grants to micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSME) who have
been aected by the assault. Co-ordinated interventions will oer commercial MSMEs (e.g. vendors, and small workshops) cash
grants to repair damages in their facilities, replenish their lost stocks, and resume their businesses. The program will also identify
damages in the services sector (e.g. hotels, restaurants, and ICT rms) and provide grants to damaged enterprises to repair
and furnish their facilities and get back to work. If needed, businesses will then be connected to nancial institutions (such as
micronance institutions) that work in Gaza in order to ensure access to nance for future needs.
The program will be implemented in a phased approach and payments will be done on installments to ensure that the businesses
have actually fullled their commitments in terms of repairing their facilities and procured goods and / or productive assets.
4.3.4 Employment and Livelihood
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $62m $7m $69m
Unemployment has increased from the pre-assault 45 percent, as a result of damage to industries and commercial enterprises.
Job creation will stimulate early recovery both at the household level and in key private sector areas that can use manpower to
rehabilitate and re-activate their industries.
Cash-for-work (CFW) will be a key early recovery initiative, supporting other interventions, including repair and recovery, including
rubble removal for temporary housing, infrastructure works related to reconstruction, labor intensive road tiling, digging ditches
for water and wastewater pipes, and repairing industrial zones.
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4.3.5 Facilitating Investment
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $20m $130m $150m
Availability of capital will be critical to the recovery and reconstruction eorts of the private sector. Recognizing the extreme
pressure that the assault has placed on private businesses, the Palestinian Monetary Authority (PMA) has already implemented
a scheme for deferral of repayment of existing loans. Looking forward, in addition to providing compensation and assistance
to the private sector, the Government, and the PMA will work with the banking sector to put in place appropriate nancing
mechanisms to enable the private sector to access additional nancing for the recovery and reconstruction eorts. Through
these mechanisms, the private sector should be able to secure increased access to working capital (for small repairs and
restocking of raw materials) as well as long-term capital (for rehabilitation and reconstruction of own capacity, but also for
development and delivery of reconstruction projects), at reduced interest rates. Alongside additional nancing mechanisms,
options for aordable risk insurance for domestic businesses will be explored. These facilities will allow selected businesses to
leverage the compensation and assistance they receive to greater eect and at lower risk.
Alongside increased nancing, the Government will deliver selected capacity development programs, to strengthen the likelihood
of success of reconstruction eorts by the private sector and drive increased protability. These will include professional training,
improvement of management skills, marketing support, and awareness of nancing strategies and options.
4.3.6 Summary of Interventions in Economic Sector
Interventions & Estimated Costs by Phase
Sub-Sector Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction
Agriculture Detailed assessment of the agriculture sector
Compensation for production, livestock
and shing losses
Restoration of farm land, fruits, and crops
Restoration of livestock economy
Rehabilitation of shing equipment
Reconstruction of agricultural infrastructure
and assets
Continued restoration of fruits and crops
Continued restoration of livestock economy
Continued rehabilitation of shing equipment
Estimated Cost: $194m Estimated Cost: $257m
Industry and
Manufacturing
Detailed assessment of damaged facilities
Compensation for production losses
Rehabilitation and reconstruction of 990
industrial facilities
Rehabilitation and possible expansion of Gaza
Industrial Estate and other industrial zones
Estimated Cost: $75m Estimated Cost: $284m
Trade and
Services
Detailed assessment of damaged facilities
Compensation for losses
Rehabilitation of some 3,400 commercial
establishments
Rehabilitation of telecommunication
infrastructure
Reconstruction of some 800 commercial
establishments
Rehabilitation of tourism facilities
Estimated Cost: $130m Estimated Cost: $77m
Employment Cash for work programs in support of
rehabilitation and reconstruction
(will remain ongoing for reconstruction
period also)
Vocational training opportunities to improve
employment opportunities
Estimated Cost: $62m Estimated Cost: $7m
Facilitating
Private
Investment
Financing facility for repairs and restarting of
operations
Expanded range of nancing facilities for
investment
Expansion of risk guarantees for domestic rms
Capacity building
Estimated Cost: $20m Estimated Cost: $130m
ESTIMATED
SUB-SECTOR
COST
$481m $754m
TOTAL SECTOR
COST
$1.2b
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4.4 GOVERNANCE SECTOR
The consolidation of the public administration in Gaza is both a means and an end. In the short-term, the implementation of the
recovery and reconstruction plan can only be achieved by restoring and maintaining the existing operational capacity of central
and local government institutions, under the authority of the Government. These operational capacities are absolutely vital to
the implementation of the recovery and reconstruction plan as a whole, and thus constitute an overall recovery foundation.
Within an overall climate of a fragile security situation, stability can be undermined easily. Early recovery and reconstruction
will quickly lose traction if a security vacuum is allowed to take hold in Gaza. Preventing a security vacuum will require the
maintenance of law and order under the authority of the Government by reintroducing civil police under a unied command.

Maintaining and expanding the operational capacity of the Government will need to go hand in hand with the reconstruction
of destroyed and damaged infrastructure for Government institutions.
4.4.1 Operational Capacity of Central Government Institutions
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $113m - $113m
To boost existing operational capacities of government institutions in Gaza for recovery and reconstruction, the
Government aims at reintegrating existing civil servants, hired before June 2007 into Government institutions,
streamlining the civil service, and fully harmonizing these institutions with national institutions.
The National Consensus Government has established a Legal and Administrative Committee to explore options and
scenarios for consolidating the civil service and determining the status of the civil personnel engaged by the previous
de facto authority in Gaza. This committee was established in early June and originally mandated for four months. Due
to the political and security situation in Gaza, the work of the committee has been stalled since early July. A Higher
Security Committee will be established by the President that will discuss the options for the security apparatus.
59
The work of these committees will need to explore options for affected personnel, including the options for early
retirement, retraining, and job placement in the private sector or with non-governmental service providers. At the
same time, the consolidation process needs to take into account the existing civil servants in Gaza who have not been
on active duty for the past seven years and might require renewed training and capacity development to fulfill their
functions. The consolidation process will need to be guided by available fiscal resources and real needs on the ground
in each sector.
The reconsolidation of the public administration, however, will not be completed by harmonizing civil servants in
Gaza and the West Bank. Beyond civil servants, the Government will implement an action plan for national institutional
reintegration and for harmonizing the administrative legal framework. In doing so, the National Consensus Government
will adopt a sequenced approach and prioritize sectors crucial for service delivery, which simultaneously also contain
the largest number of personnel.
Reintegrating the rule of law system is important for functional social and economic ties between the West Bank and
Gaza. A functioning public administration furthermore requires freedom of movement within the country, which
includes the ability to meet in person by traveling between the West Bank and Gaza, which under the Oslo Accords
constitute a single territorial unit.
The consolidation of the public administration will not only cement the National Consensus Government but will also
improve fiscal sustainability and effective service delivery for recovery, reconstruction, and longer-term development.
However, this consolidation cannot be implemented overnight and will take several months.
In the meantime, the smooth operation of central government institutions in Gaza needs to be safeguarded. During
such a transition period, until the Legal and Administrative Committee concludes its works, it is essential that civil
personnel engaged by the previous de facto authority receive compensation in the form of social allowances for six
months under a temporary mechanism, outside the government budget, enabling them to concentrate on their work
while they and their families are provided for. This assumes that in parallel the Legal and Administrative Committee is
able to assume its work aimed at resolving the status of this group and consolidating the civil service.
This requires support to the Legal and Administrative Committee in defining a mechanism for expedited steps,
sequenced by priority sectors, towards the consolidation of civil servants, institutions and applicable legal frameworks.
Once the mechanism has been elaborated, its implementation will also require initial funding to accommodate and
retrain civil servants for resuming their positions.
4.4.2 Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $31m - $31m
In order to restore and maintain the operational capacity of local government units in Gaza for recovery and reconstruction tasks,
the Government seeks immediate exceptional supplementary funding for municipal personnel for a period of six months. Fuel
and oce supplies will also be provided.
Restoring physical infrastructure and equipment for municipalities will be equally important in order to allow municipalities to
provide regular services, and support their role in the recovery and reconstruction eort.
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4.4.3 Rule of Law and Human Rights
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $1m $6m $7m
The request for allowances to civil personnel above also includes personnel of the courts system.
This needs to be complemented by support to legal assistance to vulnerable groups, including IDPs and the bereaved, particularly
women and children. In this regard, immediate support needs to be provided to legal aid and arbitration for IDPs, while, in the
medium-term, the partially destroyed legal aid system needs to be rehabilitated.
Civil society organizations with a focus on human rights require support to monitor adherence to human rights principles within
the fragile rule of law setting in the aftermath of the war.
4.4.4 Implementation and Coordination
Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction Total
- $12m $20m $32m
The MOPWH, UNRWA, and UNDP will conduct cross-sectoral assessment of damages to infrastructure and buildings. Once
these assessments are done, the Government will use strategic spatial planning to build back better, particularly in residential
neighborhoods and community infrastructure. Spatial planning is most critical for the most aected localities, including
Shujaiyeh and Khuzaa.
To support this and other implementation management tasks for this Plan, the Government will scale up its capacity for
coordination, implementation, and monitoring of needs assessments and recovery and reconstruction interventions. Capacity
will also be needed to monitor arrangements for the import of building materials.
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4.4.5 Summary of Interventions in Governance Sector
Interventions & Estimated Costs by Phase
Sub-Sector Relief Early Recovery Reconstruction
Public
Administration
Provision of personnel allowances
under a temporary mechanism (6
months)
Reintegration of public
administration systems
Estimated Cost: $113m
Local
Governance
Supplementary salaries for
municipal sta for 6 months
Provision of fuel of oce supplies
Review of municipal functional
capacity
Rehabilitation of municipality
buildings
Replacement of destroyed
equipment and vehicles
Estimated Cost: $31m
Rule of Law and
Human Rights
Investigation of violations of
International Humanitarian Law
and Human Rights
Legal aid and arbitration for IDPs
Rehabilitation of legal aid clinics
and support to legal aid system
Estimated Cost: $1m Estimated Cost: $6m
Implementation
and
Coordination
Scaling up recovery and
reconstruction implementation
capacity
Strategic spatial planning
Monitoring of building material
imports
Scaling up recovery and
reconstruction implementation
capacity
Strategic spatial planning
Monitoring of building material
imports
Estimated cost: $12m Estimated Cost: $20m
ESTIMATED
SUB-SECTOR
COST
$157m $26m
TOTAL SECTOR
COST
$183m
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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SECTION5
IMPLEMENTATION
ARRANGEMENTS
AND PERFORMANCE
MONITORING
. 1 Government Leadership through the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee
. 2 Co-ordination with Partners
. 3 Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction Implementation Unit
. 4 Detailed Damage Assessments and Action Planning at Sector and
Municipality Level
This plan presents the blueprint and guiding framework for the relief, response
and recovery eorts in Gaza for 2014-2017. While international partners are kindly
requested to provide adequate funding, ultimate responsibility for the delivery of
the plan rests with the National Consensus Government, which will act as the
single address for all planning, implementation, and nancing issues with respect
to the recovery and reconstruction of Gaza.
Detailed planning and active management of the recovery and reconstruction
process will be essential to ensure eective implementation. In this respect,
the mandate of the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee on Recovery and
Reconstruction will be extended to oversee the implementation of the Plan.
The Committee will be supported by a new Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction
Implementation Unit. An immediate priority for the Committee, the Government
and partners will be to complete the detailed damage assessments and develop
detailed implementation plans by sector and at the local level. These plans will
include clear objectives and targets, which will provide the basis for results based
management of the implementation process, which in turn will drive increased
accountability and successful delivery.
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5.1 Government Leadership through the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee
The development of the current plan was spearheaded by the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee on Recovery and Reconstruction,
headed by the Deputy Prime Minister. In order to facilitate continuity between the planning and implementation phases, the
mandate of the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee will be extended to cover implementation of the Plan.
The Committee will be responsible for setting priorities, approving the allocation of international and Governmental funding
against specied priorities, actively monitoring progress and reporting to Cabinet, and addressing implementation challenges
with national and international partners. Membership of the Committee will continue to comprise the Minister of Finance/
Planning; the Minister of Social Aairs/Agriculture; the Minister of Public Works and Housing; the Minister of Local Government;
the Head of the Palestinian Water Authority; and the Head of Energy and Natural Resources Authority.
During the implementation phase, a key area of attention for the Higher Committee will be the critical implementation
pre-requisites, which must be sustained in order for the Plan to be eective. In line with this, specic action plans will also
be developed for eective execution of the enablers, particularly with regard to movement and access. Should progress of
implementation on these issues stall, partners and the international community will be called upon to provide required support
to enable the facilitation of recovery and reconstruction.
5.2 Co-ordination with Partners
Whilst the Government will steer the recovery and reconstruction eort, the important contribution of the Governments
national and international partners cannot be underestimated. The National Consensus Government will work in the spirit of
common purpose and coordinated action with all its partners - international donors, the private sector and civil society to
restore stability and rebuild Gaza.
The Government will establish a Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction Advisory Board, which will include representatives of the
private sector, civil society, and key international partners. The Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee will meet with the Board on a
quarterly basis to share ideas and strategies with regard to the recovery and reconstruction eorts.
At the working level, existing mechanisms will be actively leveraged to ensure co-ordination with all partners in planning and
implementation. These include the Local Aid Co-ordination Secretariat (LACS), Sector Working Groups, and the humanitarian
clusters. The electronic aid information management platform DARP (Development Assistance and Reform Platform), housed
at the MOPAD, is expected to be the tool used to monitor nancial assistance from donors against the plan. The tool will be
adapted to include a module specic to the Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for Gaza. All projects will be entered into
DARP by the Government and donors will be required to provide updates based on a pre-agreed schedule.
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5.3 Gaza Recovery and Reconstruction Implementation Unit
Given the breadth and complexity of activities that will be required for the response touching all sectors, all geographical areas,
and involving direct support to at least a quarter of the population - a new Implementation unit will be established to drive
implementation. The Unit will report to the Higher Inter-Ministerial Committee and work closely with Government ministries
and agencies, as well as the international community, civil society, and private sector, to ensure the execution of the priority
recovery and reconstruction interventions in this Plan.
In the immediate period, the Unit will work to support ministries, agencies, and municipalities with eective prioritization,
detailed planning, and setting targets for the recovery and reconstruction eorts. Thereafter, the Unit will play an active role in
obtaining regular status reports on the priority interventions under the Plan from the ministries, identifying challenges in their
implementation, and strengthening co-ordination between sectors as well as ministries.
The Unit will provide monthly status reports to the Council of Ministers through the Inter-Ministerial Committee during the rst
six months of recovery reconstruction, and move to a quarterly reporting basis in thereafter. The reports will focus on progress
of the most critical elements of the Plan and recommendations regarding accelerating implementation. The Unit will also work
with ministries and agencies to ensure that decisions from the Council of Ministers are rapidly implemented.

5.4 Detailed Damage Assessments and Action Planning at Sector
and Municipality Level
This plan forms the skeleton of the recovery eort and is based on an initial assessment of the impact of the Israeli assault.
Eective implementation will require signicant further work in terms of detailed diagnosis, planning, and programming of
specic response interventions in each sector.
Detailed Damage and Needs Assessments are currently underway through Government ministries and agencies,
overseen by the Technical Committee, and with the support of the UN, the World Bank, and the EU. These will form the
basis of detailed intervention planning for early recovery. The assessments will include baseline GIS data regarding all
facilities which were damaged.
Detailed Action Planning will follow the nalization of the damage assessments, and will be undertaken at the sector levels in
collaboration with national partners. It is expected that this process will validate many of the high level recommendations of this
report and develop them further into specic projects and interventions. It will also propose additional measures to respond to
the breadth of damage and needs as they become better understood.
The detailed action planning process will be completed in 2014. The output of this process will be a series of sector and
municipality action plans, which will be consolidated into a Recovery and Rehabilitation Implementation Strategy. This ongoing
planning process will not hinder on-going and immediate implementation of immediate humanitarian measures and early
recovery interventions. These will be ongoing throughout.
The sector plans and interventions will be underpinned by a clear Monitoring and Evaluation Framework, which will capture
goals, objectives, outputs and outcomes in each sector and intervention. These will also be linked to the budget and nancial
inputs required for delivery.
Results monitoring at the sector level will be the primarily responsibility of line ministries/concerned budget entities, in
cooperation with national and international partners. MOPADs Monitoring and Evaluation department will compile sector level
data into quarterly monitoring reports of the Plan. Financial input and results reports will be accessible on the MOPAD website
and will be discussed by the Plans management structure as a tool for evidence-based decision making.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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SECTION6
FINANCING
REQUIREMENTS AND
MECHANISMS
. 1 Overview of Current Fiscal Situation
. 2 Summary of Recovery and Reconstruction Costs
. 3 Financing Mechanisms
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6.1 Overview of Current Fiscal Situation
The Palestinian Government has made signicant and continued eorts to improve its scal performance through revenue
reforms and expenditure limitations. In 2013, on account of these measures, the scal decit declined by 2.7 percentage points
to 13.9 percent of GDP. However, the Governments scal position remains extremely fragile, highly reliant on donor support,
and highly dependent on economic and political relations with Israel. By the end of 2013 public debt, including arrears and
clearance revenue advances, had reached $4.6 billion, close to 40 percent of GDP.
The total budget for 2014 was $4.4 billion, comprising 92 percent recurrent and 8 percent development expenditure. Even before
the National Consensus Government was formed, expenses on Gaza comprised almost 40 percent of the budget, comprising
payments of salaries for public-sector workers; coverage of non-wage bill items like health referrals, medical supplies, and social
assistance; and coverage of fuel and net lending expenses for electricity and water. Disbursements amount to approximately
$120 million on a monthly basis or $1.44 billion annually.
2013 (Actual) 2014 (Projected) % Change
USD m USD m %
Gross Revenues 2,687 2,923 9%
Total Net Revenues 2,443 2,752 13%
Total Expenditure and Net Lending 3,903 4,110 5%
Of which Gaza expenditure 1,440 1,440 -
Current Balance (1,460) (1,358) -7%
Development Expenditures 197 316 60%
Total Balance (1,657) (1,674) 1%
In its September 2014 report to the AHLC, the IMF described the near-term scal outlook as challenging in any scenario, without
accounting for the spending needed for Gaza reconstruction. It forecasts a scal gap of approximately $350 million for 2014,
accounting for 16.5 percent of GDP, assuming that overall donor nancing will reach $1.5 billion.
The July/August assault in Gaza has provided an unprecedented shock to the Governments already strained budget position.
The National Consensus Government is faced with a recovery and reconstruction bill that is equivalent to the entire 2014 budget,
13 times the 2014 development budget, and over 20 times the 2013 development budget. In the absence of external support,
incurring the cost of reconstruction would imply not being able to meet recurrent expenditures in the West Bank and/or up to a
doubling of the existing public debt, neither of which is practically or politically possible.
Given the scale and urgency of the challenge, the Government has no choice but to reach out to the international community for
support with this momentous task.
The Government sees the investment in Gaza as an investment in stability and the viability of a future Palestinian state. Whilst Gazas
rebuilding will be costly in the short- to medium -term, the Governments vision for Gaza is one of sustainability and self-suciency,
where Gaza is an integral driver of the Palestinian economy and where it contributes to the scal position of the Government.
69
6.2 Summary of Recovery and Reconstruction Costs
The total costs of the reconstruction eort are estimated at $4 billion, of which $414 million is required for immediate relief, $1.2
billion for early recovery, and $2.4 billion for the reconstruction of Gaza. Financing for the immediate relief and early recovery
phases is required immediately; nancing for reconstruction projects will be required in 2015, 2016, and 2017.
Summary Costs by Sector and Sub-Sector
Sector
Sub-Sector
Relief
Phase
(USD m)
Early
Recovery
Phase
(USD m)
Reconstruction
Phase
(USD m)
Total
(USD, m)
S
o
c
i
a
l
Social Protection 230 8 80 317
Health and Psychosocial Support 14 159 45 218
Education and Higher Education 1 45 75 121
Civil Society 0 4 41 45
Sub-total 245 215 241 701
I
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e

&

E
n
v
i
r
o
n
m
e
n
t
Rubble & ERW 0 20 14 34
Energy 0 32 153 185
Water, Sanitation and Hygiene 40 80 116 236
Housing and Shelter 129 143 910 1,182
Governmental Buildings and Other Public Infrastructure 0 51 97 149
Border Crossings 0 5 50 55
Roads 0 0 70 70
Environment 0 1 0 1
Sub-total 169 332 1,411 1,911
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
Agriculture 0 194 257 451
Industry and Manufacturing 0 75 284 359
Trade and Services 0 130 77 207
Employment 0 62 7 69
Promoting Investment 0 20 130 150
Sub-total 0 481 754 1,235
G
o
v
e
r
n
a
n
c
e
Operational Capacity of Central Gov. Institutions 0 113 0 113
Operational Capacity of Local Government Institutions 0 31 0 31
Rule of Law and Human Rights 0 1 6 7
Implementation and Coordination 0 12 20 32
Sub-total 0 157 26 183
TOTAL

414 1,184 2,432 4,030
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
70
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E
C
T
I
O
N

6
:

F
I
N
A
N
C
I
N
G

R
E
Q
U
I
R
E
M
E
N
T
S

A
N
D

M
E
C
H
A
N
I
S
M
S
This Plan quantifies the direct costs of recovery and reconstruction, which are separate from existing commitments on
budget support to the Government. However continuation of existing budget support to the Government will be a
vital element for sustaining government functions in both Gaza and the West Bank, meeting the governments existing
responsibilities to its employees and citizens, as well as providing the basis for recovery and reconstruction in Gaza. Budget
support will ensure continued provision of health and education services, purchases of electricity, fuel and water, as well
as maintaining social support.
Therefore, in addition to seeking nancial support for the direct costs of recovery and reconstruction, the Government urges
donors to complete the budget support for 2014 and fund required budget support for the next three years. Without this, the
proper functioning of the National Consensus Government, as well as recovery and reconstruction in Gaza, will be impossible.
The impact of assault on budget support for the Government in 2015 and beyond is not yet clear. However, it is likely that the
additional burden that the assault has created for Gazas social support, education, and health services, amongst others, may
require an further increase in budget support beyond current levels and the costs already captured under the Recovery and
Reconstruction Plan. At least some of these costs should be outweighed by additional revenues from Gaza as the situation
stabilizes and the Gaza economy recovers, which are currently unaccounted for. The net impact of integrating Gaza fully into the
scal framework will become clearer with time, as the longer-term systemic impacts become evident.
At present, the total value of required budget support for the State of Palestine 2014-2017 has been estimated at $4.5 billion.
Budget support required
USD m
Budget support committed and but not disbursed in 2014 580
Budget support required for 2015-2017 3,924
Total Budget Support for Recovery and Reconstruction Period 4,504
71
6.3 Financing Mechanisms
Early recovery and reconstruction eorts must be guided by two pivotal principles: national ownership and rapid implementation.
Consideration for these two principles is also central to the nancing mechanism proposed for the implementation of the Plan.
In line with the principle of ownership, the National Consensus Government has a strong preference for the utilization of the
Governments Central Treasury Account (CTA) as the primary nancing mechanism for the Recovery and Reconstruction of Gaza.
The CTA not only allows for implementing budget programs and receiving budget support, but has also been used to the full
satisfaction of the Government and donors alike for earmarked funding to specic programs and projects. The soundness of the
Governments public nancial management system and the CTA has been applauded by the International Finance Institutions
in past reports to the Ad Hoc Liaison Committee (AHLC).
However, recognizing the constraints of international organizations, the Government accepts that other nancing mechanism
may be necessary to complement funding through Government channels in order to allow for rapid implementation.
Nevertheless, to serve the aim of eciency and eective co-ordination, the Government urges donors to restrict this external
funding to the limited number of existing mechanisms that have been shown as eective and are believed to be sucient for
an eective reconstruction eort. These are:
1. UN Agencies: Direct funding can be provided to established UN agencies already working on the ground, including UNRWA
and UNDP, for a range of issues including support to the refugee population, ERW removal, and infrastructure development.
2. PEGASE: The McanismePalestino-Europen de Gestion et dAide Socio-conomique established by the European Union
can be used to enable support for the Palestinian Administration and Services, including salaries to sta; support to the
Social Protection System via cash transfers and other mechanisms, and support to private sector enterprises.
3. World Bank: Funding via the Palestinian Reform and Development Plan Multi-Donor Trust Fund (PRDP-MDTF) can be
channeled for budget support to drive the reform and institution building agenda; and via the Partnership for Infrastructure
Development Multi-Donor Trust Fund (PID-MDTF) for energy, water, sanitation, and urban development investments.
The private sector and NGOs are important implementing partners who are expected to receive funding via the above nancing
channels. A more detailed mapping of the applicability of the dierent mechanisms to dierent subsectors is shown in Annex 1.
As for the Arab States, they can channel their support through the Islamic Development Bank, which in turn will utilize the above
nancing mechanisms to deliver its support.
The use of alternative funding mechanisms should not undermine the Governments leadership role on the reconstruction
eort. Therefore, the Inter-Ministerial Committee will serve as a Steering Committee for the recovery and reconstruction eort,
approving the allocation of funding for intervention programs, and ensuring coordinated implementation and overall nancial
management of the Recovery and Reconstruction Plan.
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
72
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T
I
O
N

6
:

F
I
N
A
N
C
I
N
G

R
E
Q
U
I
R
E
M
E
N
T
S

A
N
D

M
E
C
H
A
N
I
S
M
S
Annex 1: Mapping of Financing Mechanisms
Government Donor Agencies Other
xx Prioritized mechanism
x Alternative mechanism
Central
Treasury
Account
MDLF UNRWA
(for refugees)
Specialized
UN
Agencies
EU
(PEGASE)
World Bank
(incl. Infra.
Trust Fund)
NGOs
S
o
c
i
a
l
Social Protection xx xx
xx
(WFP,
UNDP,
UNICEF)
x
Health, Psycho-Social Care xx xx
xx
(WHO,
UNFPA,
UNICEF)
x x
Education and Higher Education xx xx
xx
(UNICEF,
UNESCO)
x
Civil Society, CBOs and FBOs xx
I
n
f
r
a
s
t
r
u
c
t
u
r
e



Rubble & ERW xx
xx
(UNDP,
UNMAS)
Energy xx x x
Water, Sanitation & Hygiene xx x x x
Housing and Shelter xx xx
x
(UNHABITAT)
x
Governmental and Other Public
Infrastructure
xx xx xx
Border crossings xx
Roads x xx x x
Environment xx x
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
Agriculture xx
x
(FAO)
xx x
Industry and Manufacturing xx xx x
Trade and Services xx xx x
Employment xx xx
x
(UNDP)
x x
Facilitating Investment xx
x
(Banks)
G
o
v
e
r
n
a
n
c
e
Public Administration xx
xx
(UNDP)
xx x
Local Governance xx xx x x
Rule of Law and Human Rights x
xx
(UNDP)
xx
Implementation and Co-ordination xx x
3
The National Early Recovery and Reconstruction Plan for GAZA 2014
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te
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A
b
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ra
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m
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o
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s
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o
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m
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a
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o
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N
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v
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M
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m
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m
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c
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m
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m
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o
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m
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m
A
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m
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A
b
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h
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o
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re
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b
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jm
, n
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rn
G
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a
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l A
b
d
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(s
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) , n
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a
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m
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, n
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a
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W
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a
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R
o
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A
h
m
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M
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i, 7
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e
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, n
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a
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o
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m
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d
A
h
m
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M
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i, 6
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R
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H
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a
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a
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a
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A
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a
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h
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o
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a
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m
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d
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n
A
b
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D
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2
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u
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b
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D
a
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a
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h
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a
s
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M
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m
o
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, 4
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a
.
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o
h
a
m
m
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y
A
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7
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A
h
m
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it L
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.
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a
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, B
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a
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.
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a
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a
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a
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, 2
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s
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h
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, 2
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a
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a
m
Y
a
s
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, 1
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Is
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r, R
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o
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a
m
Y
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A
b
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N
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, 2
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a
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h
.
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o
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a
Y
a
s
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A
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N
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is
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r, R
a
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h
.
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la
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a
s
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A
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.
A
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a
M
o
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a
m
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d
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id
a
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o
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f A
b
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a
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, 2
3
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a
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h
.
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a
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m
H
a
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n
A
b
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J
a
z
z
a
r, 6
0
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a
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h
.
M
a
h
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R
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d
A
b
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le
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a
n
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a
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h
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
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d
R
a
m
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b
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im
a
n
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a
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h
.
A
h
m
a
d
R
a
m
i A
b
u
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le
im
a
n
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a
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h
.
L
a
m
a
R
a
m
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b
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S
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le
im
a
n
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a
fa
h
.
J
a
n
a
R
a
m
i A
b
u
S
u
le
im
a
n
, R
a
fa
h
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
F
o
u
a
d
A
l-D
e
d
d
a
, 2
8
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a
b
a
lia
.
Is
s
a
S
a
a
d
i A
s
h
a
a
r, 4
0
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
Y
a
s
s
e
r Y
o
u
s
e
f A
b
u
D
b
a
g
h
, 2
0
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u
s
s
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ira
t, C
e
n
tra
l G
a
z
a
.
A
m
ro
T
a
re
q
H
a
s
a
n
Q
a
n
d
il, 1
7
, C
e
n
tra
l G
a
z
a
W
a
e
l N
ih
a
d
S
a
y
y
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d
, 2
3
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e
n
tra
l G
a
z
a
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
T
a
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e
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r H
a
s
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n
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a
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d
il, 2
0
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e
n
tra
l G
a
z
a
.
H
a
m
d
i M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
d
u
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z
iz
A
y
y
a
d
, G
a
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a
.
S
h
a
d
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a
m
d
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h
a
m
m
a
d
A
y
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a
d
, G
a
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a
.
S
a
d
ia
A
b
u
T
a
h
a
, 4
0
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a
fa
h
.
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o
h
a
m
m
e
d
A
b
u
T
a
h
a
, 2
7
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a
fa
h
.
Y
o
u
s
s
e
f A
b
u
T
a
h
a
, R
a
fa
h
.
R
e
z
e
q
A
b
u
T
a
h
a
, tw
o
m
o
n
th
s
, R
a
fa
h
.
Y
o
u
s
e
f D
a
o
u
d
A
b
u
M
a
d
i, 6
5
, N
u
s
s
e
ira
t.
H
a
s
s
a
n
Y
o
u
s
e
f A
b
u
M
a
d
i, N
u
s
s
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t.
K
a
rim
Y
o
u
s
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f A
b
u
M
a
d
i 2
4
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u
s
s
e
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t.
A
m
in
Y
o
u
s
e
f A
b
u
M
a
d
i, 5
, N
u
s
s
e
ira
t.
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
H
a
s
s
a
n
Q
e
s
h
ta
, R
a
fa
h
.
A
h
m
e
d
S
h
te
w
i Q
e
s
h
ta
, R
a
fa
h
.
Y
a
h
y
a
a
l-N
e
m
s
, R
a
fa
h
.
H
a
z
e
m
a
l-N
e
m
s
, R
a
fa
h
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
a
l-N
e
m
s
, R
a
fa
h
.
O
s
a
m
a
A
b
u
N
a
k
ira
h
, R
a
fa
h
.
M
o
u
s
a
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
R
a
jila
, 2
5
, R
a
fa
h
.
S
a
lm
a
S
u
le
im
a
n
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
R
a
d
w
a
n
, 8
6
, R
a
fa
h
.
Ib
ra
h
im
A
b
d
e
l-H
a
k
im
D
a
o
u
d
a
l-Z
a
q
z
o
u
q
, 2
2
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a
fa
h
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
F
o
a
z
Ib
ra
h
im
A
b
u
R
a
jila
h
, 2
6
, R
a
fa
h
.
H
a
z
im
K
h
a
le
d
A
b
d
e
l-M
a
a
d
i A
w
d
a
, R
a
fa
h
.
H
a
th
ifa
A
b
u
T
e
ir, G
a
z
a
C
ity.
N
a
b
il a
l-N
a
jja
r, G
a
z
a
C
ity.
K
a
m
a
l A
b
u
T
e
ir, G
a
z
a
C
ity.
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
T
e
ir, G
a
z
a
C
ity.
Y
a
h
y
a
J
a
m
a
l M
u
s
a
S
h
a
b
a
t, 2
9
, G
a
z
a
C
ity.
A
b
d
u
l-M
a
le
k
A
b
d
u
l-S
a
la
m
a
l-F
a
rra
, 5
8
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
O
s
a
m
a
A
b
d
u
l-M
a
le
k
a
l-F
a
rra
, 3
4
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
E
m
a
d
A
b
d
u
l-H
a
fe
th
a
l-F
a
rra
, 2
8
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
w
a
te
f E
z
z
e
d
d
in
a
l-F
a
rra
, 2
9
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
l-F
a
rra
, 1
2
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
L
o
je
in
B
a
s
s
e
m
a
l-F
a
rra
, 4
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
Y
a
ra
A
b
d
u
l-S
a
la
m
a
l-F
a
rra
, 8
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
N
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d
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e
M
a
h
m
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h
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b
d
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h
A
w
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h
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o
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m
m
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d
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a
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h
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n
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e
d
A
b
d
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a
tif a
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h
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n
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is
.
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a
m
i S
u
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im
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n
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d
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h
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u
s
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m
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h
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h
m
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d
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b
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h
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o
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m
m
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d
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h
m
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d
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m
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d
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h
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o
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m
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A
m
ra
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h
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ila
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b
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A
m
ra
n
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h
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n
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.
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m
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l Z
u
h
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ir M
o
h
a
m
m
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d
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in
, 2
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h
a
n
Y
o
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n
is
.
M
a
h
e
r J
a
fa
r H
a
jja
j, 5
4
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
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is
.
A
h
m
a
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
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d
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s
s
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in
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a
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a
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h
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i M
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A
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h
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n
Y
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is
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a
s
a
n
A
b
d
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a
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a
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y
y
o
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m
i, D
e
ir a
l-B
a
la
h
.
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o
h
a
m
m
a
d
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z
iq
H
a
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s
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h
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y
a
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a
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a
.
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ra
h
im
S
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la
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m
a
n
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ri, 5
0
y
rs
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fa
h
.
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d
ia
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5
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A
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ri, 6
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o
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n
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ra
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m
o
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th
s
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h
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n
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s
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ra
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im
H
a
m
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d
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h
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a
b
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h
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y
k
h
A
l-E
id
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5
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rs
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a
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h
.
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o
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m
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h
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A
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l, 3
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ra
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M
o
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h
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m
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m
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ly, R
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h
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b
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A
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fi, R
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u
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ra
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A
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la
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a
M
o
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m
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ly, R
a
fa
h
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h
a
J
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m
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l A
b
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iy
a
d
a
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T
a
is
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r A
li M
o
a
m
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a
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u
s
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m
A
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a
a
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o
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ra
M
o
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a
m
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d
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m
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o
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A
b
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H
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h
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h
m
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d
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a
m
A
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d
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y
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rs
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e
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tra
l G
a
z
a
.
S
o
u
a
d
A
li A
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ri, 6
0
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e
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rs
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it L
a
h
ia
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a
m
a
l N
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il A
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ra
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o
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th
s
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it L
a
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s
a
m
a
A
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M
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7
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A
tif S
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M
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m
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m
b
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r A
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f Z
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h
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p
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th
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t J
o
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h
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m
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r Y
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ra
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h
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h
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h
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th
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h
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n
Y
o
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a
d
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l-Q
a
w
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s
m
i , K
h
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n
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o
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li B
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k
h
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h
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n
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s
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h
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h
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ith
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ro
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h
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ith
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5
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h
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ith
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m
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a
b
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ro
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5
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m
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o
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d
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t S
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m
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h
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h
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d
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a
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re
f B
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a
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8
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a
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h
m
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d
a
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o
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h
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2
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a
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ra
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f, 1
9
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a
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a
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M
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h
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A
b
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o
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m
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d
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h
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o
h
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m
m
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d
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m
a
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h
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.
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a
n
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b
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h
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M
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a
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h
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h
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a
h
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d
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o
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a
m
m
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d
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r, G
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a
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d
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l N
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r A
lm
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g
h
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ri, 2
7
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h
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M
a
h
d
iy
y
a
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im
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m
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r A
b
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o
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ly, 5
8
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h
a
n
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o
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is
.
T
h
a
e
r N
a
ji a
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m
o
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r, 2
2
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h
a
n
Y
o
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n
is
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
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d
Y
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f A
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d
la
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h
a
n
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is
.
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b
d
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h
a
b
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S
h
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b
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b
2
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h
a
n
Y
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is
.
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la
a
A
lw
e
h
2
2
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h
a
n
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o
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n
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.
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h
m
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d
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A
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in
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h
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n
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.
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o
h
a
m
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d
A
h
m
e
d
H
a
m
a
d
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h
a
n
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is
.
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tiy
y
e
h
S
a
la
m
e
h
a
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s
h
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s
h
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8
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h
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a
m
z
a
F
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k
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h
m
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d
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d
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d
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z
a
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ra
h
im
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a
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m
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d
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d
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s
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rn
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a
C
ity.
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o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
m
m
a
r S
h
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ra
f, 1
0
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a
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a
C
ity.
M
o
h
a
m
m
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d
R
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fa
t N
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m
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a
z
a
O
ld
C
ity.
H
u
s
a
m
R
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fa
t N
a
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m
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a
z
a
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ld
C
ity.
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a
m
a
l A
b
d
u
l-k
a
rim
a
l-L
o
u
h
, 3
2
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ir a
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a
la
.
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ra
h
im
A
b
d
u
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rim
a
l-L
o
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h
, 2
9
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e
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a
la
.
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h
a
le
d
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s
r a
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o
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h
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6
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la
.
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m
a
a
l A
b
d
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a
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s
ri, 4
8
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la
.
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a
m
Y
a
h
y
a
a
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o
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h
, 2
7
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ir a
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a
la
.
S
a
m
ih
K
a
m
a
l A
b
u
a
l-K
h
e
ir, 6
3
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h
a
n
Y
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is
.
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th
m
a
n
F
a
w
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i A
b
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n
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7
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h
a
n
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.
S
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a
m
a
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m
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h
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n
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t.
M
o
h
a
m
m
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A
d
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l A
s
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o
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r, N
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s
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R
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n
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d
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s
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ra
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s
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o
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s
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b
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r N
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D
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A
b
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a
h
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r T
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M
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k
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m
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s
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m
a
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s
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a
s
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s
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r Z
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t, N
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a
b
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h
A
b
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S
h
o
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a
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t.
A
h
m
a
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
Y
a
s
s
in
a
l-M
a
ja
y
d
a
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
li M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
l-A
s
ta
l, 2
3
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
K
h
a
le
d
S
a
lim
a
l-A
s
ta
l, 2
6
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
a
lim
a
l-A
s
ta
l, 2
6
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
R
a
m
z
i Ib
ra
h
im
a
l-A
s
ta
l, 2
1
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h
a
n
Y
o
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n
is
.
O
d
a
h
A
h
m
a
d
a
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s
ta
l, 2
5
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
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n
is
.
A
h
m
a
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u
s
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f E
m
a
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d
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o
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h
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a
b
a
lia
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u
n
a
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m
a
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a
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a
b
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lia
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o
h
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m
m
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d
M
u
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A
lw
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n
, c
h
ild
, J
a
b
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lia
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ria
m
K
h
a
lil R
u
b
a
, 7
0
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a
b
a
lia
.
H
a
n
i A
b
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K
h
a
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a
b
a
lia
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o
h
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ila
a
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l, 7
0
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a
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a
C
ity.
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o
n
e
s
A
h
m
a
d
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u
s
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t, C
e
n
tra
l G
a
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a
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z
z
a
t D
h
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ir, 2
3
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fa
h
.
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u
rk
e
y
y
a
D
h
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ir, 8
0
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a
fa
h
.
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a
s
m
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n
D
h
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5
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a
fa
h
.
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a
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D
h
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2
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a
fa
h
.
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a
s
n
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m
D
h
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ir, 8
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a
fa
h
.
S
o
h
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il H
a
s
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n
N
a
s
s
a
r, B
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it L
a
h
ia
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n
is
A
b
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h
a
m
m
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la
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l-B
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re
ij (M
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y
o
r).
A
y
m
a
n
S
a
m
ir Q
e
s
h
ta
, 3
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a
fa
h
.
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m
a
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l S
h
a
h
in
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7
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a
fa
h
.
B
a
h
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d
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n
a
l-G
h
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rib
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h
.
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la
B
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d
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n
a
l-G
h
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rib
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a
fa
h
.
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a
h
rir N
a
s
r J
a
b
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r, 1
5
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o
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G
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a
.
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a
m
m
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d
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ta
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r, 2
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h
a
n
Y
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ta
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r, 3
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h
a
n
Y
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is
.
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h
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d
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n
K
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a
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o
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rn
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lis
t), R
a
fa
h
.
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la
B
a
h
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d
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n
K
h
a
tib
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h
.
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a
d
d
a
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A
b
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A
m
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r, K
h
a
n
Y
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h
m
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d
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le
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a
n
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h
m
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m
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d
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m
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d
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A
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r, K
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A
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m
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A
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Y
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A
h
m
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A
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h
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n
Y
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r A
h
m
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A
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A
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r, K
h
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Y
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o
h
a
H
a
jja
j A
b
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A
m
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r , K
h
a
n
Y
o
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.
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o
s
a
b
A
h
m
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d
S
w
e
ih
, 1
7
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a
z
a
.
N
a
rim
a
n
K
h
a
lil a
l-A
g
h
a
, 3
9
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a
z
a
.
A
li M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
M
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ro
u
f, 2
3
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a
z
a
.
D
r. B
a
s
h
ir a
l-H
a
jja
r, n
o
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e
rn
G
a
z
a
.
S
a
m
ir a
l-H
a
jja
r, n
o
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rn
G
a
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a
.
H
a
n
a
N
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im
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la
ta
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lia
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o
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a
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lia
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a
b
a
lia
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m
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a
la
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a
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a
lia
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lia
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S
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r M
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ta
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a
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a
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im
N
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m
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a
b
a
lia
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a
h
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r A
h
m
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N
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r, 6
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h
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M
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m
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h
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a
m
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l R
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m
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d
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L
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fi, 5
0
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K
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A
b
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Z
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, 1
.
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m
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J
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l J
n
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, 4
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a
b
a
lia
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
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L
o
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z
, 2
2
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a
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lia
.
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
d
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h
H
a
s
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n
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b
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h
.
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id
a
d
A
h
m
a
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S
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m
a
A
b
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Z
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h
.
S
h
a
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a
W
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l A
b
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m
M
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q
A
b
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Z
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a
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a
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n
M
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a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
Z
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id
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a
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h
.
A
b
d
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h
N
id
a
l A
b
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Z
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(c
h
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a
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h
.
B
is
s
a
n
E
y
a
d
A
b
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Z
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id
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a
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h
.
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b
d
u
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a
d
i A
b
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id
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h
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9
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a
fa
h
.
S
e
h
a
m
N
a
jja
r, 4
2
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h
a
n
Y
o
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is
.
A
b
d
u
l-S
a
m
a
d
M
a
h
m
o
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d
A
h
m
a
d
R
a
m
a
d
a
n
, 1
6
, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
A
y
m
a
n
A
d
n
a
n
M
o
u
s
a
S
h
a
k
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r, 2
5
, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
Is
s
a
K
a
m
e
l A
b
d
u
l-R
a
h
m
a
n
M
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a
, 6
1
, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
S
a
le
m
M
o
u
s
a
B
a
d
a
w
i a
l-F
a
r, 5
9
, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
R
a
m
z
i H
u
s
s
e
in
A
h
m
a
d
a
l-F
a
r, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
S
a
le
m
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
a
l-F
a
r, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
A
z
z
a
A
b
d
u
l-K
a
rim
A
b
d
u
l-R
a
h
m
a
n
A
l-F
a
le
e
t, 5
9
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e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
J
o
m
a
S
h
a
a
t, 3
0
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
F
a
d
e
l a
l-A
g
h
a
, 3
0
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
M
a
rw
a
N
a
d
e
r a
l-A
g
h
a
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
h
m
a
d
N
a
d
e
r A
l-A
g
h
a
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
D
o
n
ia
N
a
d
e
r a
l-A
g
h
a
, 1
3
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
Ik
ra
m
a
s
h
-S
h
in
b
a
ri, 2
3
, G
a
z
a
C
ity, d
ie
d
o
f e
a
rlie
r in
ju
rie
s
.
Y
u
s
e
f J
a
m
il S
o
b
h
i H
a
m
m
o
u
d
a
, 1
6
, G
a
z
a
C
ity, d
ie
d
o
f e
a
rlie
r in
ju
rie
s
.
Ib
ra
h
im
K
h
a
lil a
d
-D
e
ra
w
i, 2
7
, c
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
A
la
N
a
h
e
d
h
M
a
ta
r, 2
6
, c
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
H
a
z
e
m
F
a
y
e
z
A
b
u
S
h
a
m
m
a
la
, 3
3
, c
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t
Is
s
a
m
A
b
d
u
l-K
a
rim
A
b
u
S
a
a
d
a
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
S
w
e
ire
j, 2
3
, N
u
s
s
e
ira
t, C
e
n
tra
l G
a
z
a
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
H
a
ro
u
n
, 2
9
, N
u
s
s
e
ira
t, C
e
n
tra
l G
a
z
a
.
F
a
d
i B
a
ra
k
a
, G
a
z
a
, c
h
ild
, d
ie
d
o
f e
a
rlie
r in
ju
rie
s
.
B
a
h
a
e
d
-D
e
e
n
A
h
m
a
d
S
a
id
, a
l-M
a
g
h
a
z
i, d
ie
d
o
f e
a
rlie
r in
ju
rie
s
.
Y
o
u
s
e
f A
b
e
d
S
h
e
h
a
d
a
a
l-M
a
s
ri, 2
4
, S
h
u
ja
e
y
y
a
, G
a
z
a
.
K
h
a
le
d
A
b
d
u
l-S
a
tta
r S
a
m
h
o
u
d
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
J
a
lila
F
a
ra
j A
y
y
a
d
, G
a
z
a
C
ity.
E
s
s
a
m
Ib
ra
h
im
A
b
u
S
h
a
b
4
2
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
iy
a
m
, 1
5
, R
a
fa
h
.
H
u
s
s
e
in
H
a
s
a
n
A
b
u
a
n
-N
a
ja
, 6
5
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
Im
a
d
J
a
m
i a
l-A
b
e
d
a
l-B
a
rd
a
w
e
e
l, 4
4
, G
a
z
a
.
H
u
s
a
m
A
b
d
u
l-G
h
a
n
i Y
a
s
s
in
, 1
7
, G
a
z
a
.
Is
m
a
e
l A
b
d
u
l-Q
a
d
e
r a
l-K
o
jo
k
, 5
4
, G
a
z
a
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
a
id
H
o
s
n
i a
s
-S
a
q
q
a
, 2
0
, G
a
z
a
.
Is
la
m
Ib
ra
h
im
a
n
-N
a
ji, 1
9
. G
a
z
a
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
h
m
a
d
M
a
ta
r a
l-A
b
a
d
la
, 3
2
, G
a
z
a
.
Y
o
s
ra
S
a
le
m
H
a
s
a
n
a
l-B
re
e
m
, 5
6
, G
a
z
a
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
K
h
a
lil M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
a
l-B
re
e
m
, G
a
z
a
.
Ib
ra
h
im
S
a
lm
a
n
Q
a
b
a
la
n
, 3
4
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
W
a
d
ia
, 1
9
, G
a
z
a
.
A
b
d
u
lla
h
A
y
e
s
h
S
a
la
m
E
rm
e
ila
t, 3
9
, D
e
ir a
l-B
a
la
h
.
E
m
a
n
H
a
s
a
n
a
r-R
o
q
a
b
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
B
a
ra
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
r-R
o
q
a
b
, 1
1
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
K
h
a
lil M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 5
9
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
J
o
n
a
a
n
-N
a
jja
r, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
E
k
h
la
s
N
a
jja
r, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
m
n
a
a
n
-N
a
jja
r, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
M
a
je
d
S
a
m
e
e
r a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 1
9
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
G
h
a
lia
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 5
6
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
h
m
a
d
K
h
a
le
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
a
n
-N
a
jja
r,1
4
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
E
m
a
n
S
a
la
h
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 2
3
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
S
u
m
a
y
y
a
H
a
rb
Y
o
u
s
e
f a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 5
0
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
K
ifa
h
S
a
m
ir H
a
s
a
n
a
n
-N
a
jja
r 2
3
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
R
a
w
a
n
K
h
a
le
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 1
7
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
H
u
s
a
m
H
u
s
s
e
in
a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 7
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
S
a
m
ir H
u
s
s
e
in
a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 2
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
M
o
a
ta
z
H
u
s
s
e
in
S
a
m
ir a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 6
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
U
lfa
t H
u
s
s
e
in
S
a
m
ir a
n
-N
a
jja
r, 4
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
Ik
h
la
s
S
a
m
e
e
r H
u
s
s
e
in
A
b
u
S
h
a
h
la
, 3
0
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
m
ir H
a
m
m
o
u
d
e
h
K
h
a
le
d
A
b
u
S
h
a
h
la
, 3
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
m
ira
H
a
m
m
o
u
d
e
h
K
h
a
le
d
A
b
u
S
h
a
h
la
, 1
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
Is
la
m
H
a
m
m
o
u
d
e
h
A
b
u
S
h
a
h
la
, 4
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
B
a
s
s
a
m
K
h
a
le
d
A
b
u
S
h
a
h
la
, 4
4
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
R
ih
a
m
F
a
y
e
z
a
l-B
re
e
m
, 1
9
F
a
d
e
l A
t-T
a
w
a
n
e
h
, G
a
z
a
C
ity.
A
ra
fa
t S
a
le
m
A
b
u
O
w
e
ily, 2
7
, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
A
b
d
u
l-R
a
h
m
a
n
O
u
d
a
a
t-T
ilb
a
n
i, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t.
N
id
a
l A
h
m
a
d
Is
s
a
A
b
u
a
l-A
s
a
l, 2
7
, R
a
fa
h
.
S
a
lim
S
a
la
a
m
A
b
u
a
th
-T
h
o
u
m
, 8
7
, R
a
fa
h
.
N
a
im
A
b
d
u
l A
z
iz
A
b
u
Z
a
h
e
r, 3
6
, D
e
ir a
l-B
a
la
h
A
b
d
u
l-H
a
m
id
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
d
u
l-H
a
m
id
A
l-M
a
g
h
ra
b
i, 3
1
.
A
b
d
u
l-M
a
je
e
d
A
b
d
u
lla
h
A
b
d
u
l-M
a
je
e
d
a
l-A
a
d
y, 3
6
.
H
a
m
a
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
la
S
h
e
ik
h
S
a
lim
, 3
0
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
R
a
fiq
S
a
id
a
l-A
y
e
e
r, 3
0
.
A
m
ro
A
b
d
u
l-H
a
k
im
a
s
-S
h
e
ik
h
K
h
a
lil, 2
5
.
S
h
a
d
i K
a
m
a
l R
a
m
a
d
a
n
Y
a
s
s
in
, 2
2
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
Is
s
a
m
D
e
e
b
A
b
u
D
a
lfa
, 2
5
.
W
a
lid
S
a
id
N
a
s
s
r a
l-Ijla
h
, 7
.
O
s
a
m
a
Is
s
a
m
F
a
w
z
i A
z
z
a
m
, 2
3
.
A
b
d
u
lla
h
Ib
ra
h
im
A
b
d
u
lla
h
A
b
u
L
e
ila
, 5
1
.
S
a
m
i F
a
th
i a
l-A
r-E
ir, 4
9
. .
F
a
th
i S
a
m
i F
a
th
i a
l-A
r-E
ir, 2
0
.
A
b
d
u
l-K
a
rim
A
li A
b
u
S
h
a
n
a
b
, 4
0
, D
e
ir a
l-B
a
la
h
.
A
z
iz
a
A
tiy
e
h
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
S
h
a
n
a
b
, 7
7
, D
e
ir a
l-B
a
la
h
.
A
h
m
a
d
W
a
lid
N
a
s
ra
lla
h
S
a
m
o
u
r, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
H
a
s
a
n
A
b
d
u
lla
h
M
u
s
ta
fa
a
l-A
th
a
n
n
a
, 5
9
.
H
a
s
a
n
Z
a
k
i H
a
s
a
n
a
t-T
a
h
ra
w
y, 2
3
.
O
m
a
r Is
m
a
il A
li Q
u
z
a
a
t, 1
8
. .
R
a
m
i F
a
is
a
l M
a
ta
r a
s
-S
h
is
h
i, 3
1
. .
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
d
u
l H
a
m
id
.
G
h
a
s
s
a
n
Y
o
u
s
e
f S
a
le
m
A
b
u
D
a
b
a
k
h
, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t .
K
h
a
d
ra
Ib
ra
h
im
S
a
lm
a
n
A
b
u
B
le
im
y, 5
5
.
N
o
u
r M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
a
la
m
e
h
A
b
u
D
b
a
g
h
, 1
3
.
A
h
m
a
d
R
a
m
z
i M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
Q
a
d
o
o
s
, 1
3
.
M
a
is
a
ra
A
n
w
a
r S
u
le
im
a
n
d
a
r-A
z
z
e
e
n
, 6
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
n
w
a
r S
u
le
im
a
n
d
a
r-A
z
z
e
e
n
, 1
3
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
d
u
l-H
a
m
id
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
h
a
a
t, 2
9
.
R
a
ja
H
a
m
a
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
a
d
-D
a
g
h
m
e
, 3
6
.
S
a
m
i A
b
d
u
lla
h
A
h
m
a
d
J
u
d
e
h
, 1
8
.
H
u
s
a
m
A
b
d
u
l-A
tif R
a
a
d
y, 4
2
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
Ib
ra
h
im
S
o
b
h
i a
l-A
rh
e
ir, 3
0
.
W
a
la
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
li a
l-Q
a
y
e
d
h
, 1
5
.
Is
a
m
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
a
le
h
S
h
a
m
a
ly, 2
9
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
d
u
l-N
a
s
s
a
r A
li A
b
u
Z
e
in
a
, 2
0
.
M
o
s
a
b
S
a
la
h
a
l-A
a
b
A
b
u
a
l-A
a
ta
, 2
0
.
Ib
ra
h
im
A
is
h
A
b
e
d
A
b
u
G
h
n
e
im
a
h
, 2
7
.
Is
m
a
il A
is
h
A
b
e
d
A
b
u
G
h
n
e
im
a
h
, 2
4
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
h
m
a
d
K
h
a
le
d
H
a
s
s
o
u
n
e
h
, R
a
fa
h
.
M
a
z
in
A
d
n
a
n
S
a
lm
a
n
A
b
d
in
, 2
5
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
S
a
la
h
E
s
h
te
w
y
Ib
ra
h
im
A
d
b
in
, 4
2
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
S
a
la
m
e
h
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
A
b
u
K
h
o
u
s
a
, 7
5
, n
o
rth
e
rn
G
a
z
a
(b
o
d
y

p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
S
a
lm
a
n
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
A
h
m
e
d
S
a
m
a
n
a
, 3
0
, n
o
rth
e
rn
G
a
z
a
(b
o
d
y

p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
D
o
a
S
a
n
i Ib
ra
h
im
S
a
m
a
n
a
, 1
1
, n
o
rth
e
rn
G
a
z
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
S
a
id
S
h
a
b
a
n
B
a
b
a
, 4
0
, n
o
rth
e
rn
G
a
z
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
Ik
ra
m
A
h
m
e
d
T
a
w
fiq
a
l-S
h
a
n
b
a
ri, 2
3
, B
e
it H
a
n
o
u
n
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
S
a
m
i F
a
th
i A
h
m
e
d
a
l-A
rir, 5
0
, G
a
z
a
C
ity
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
R
a
fiq
S
a
id
a
l-A
rir, 3
0
, G
a
z
a
C
ity
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
H
a
s
s
a
n
F
a
th
i A
h
m
a
d
a
l-A
rir, 3
9
, G
a
z
a
C
ity
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
b
d
u
l K
a
rim
F
a
th
i A
h
m
e
d
a
l-A
rir, 3
4
, G
a
z
a
C
ity
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
F
a
th
i S
a
m
i F
a
th
i a
l-A
rir, 2
0
, G
a
z
a
C
ity
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
K
h
a
le
d
Y
o
u
s
e
f M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
B
a
d
w
a
n
, 4
8
, G
a
z
a
C
ity
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
z
m
i K
h
a
le
d
Y
o
u
s
e
f B
a
d
w
a
n
, 1
6
, G
a
z
a
C
ity
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
b
d
u
l R
a
h
m
a
n
Z
ia
d
H
a
s
s
a
n
A
b
u
H
a
in
, 2
8
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
E
s
s
a
m
D
ib
A
b
u
B
a
lta
, 2
8
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
R
a
e
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
l-E
is
h
, 2
3
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
F
a
d
i A
b
d
u
l Q
a
d
e
r A
b
d
u
l M
a
le
k
H
a
b
ib
, 3
1
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
F
a
rid
A
b
d
u
l-K
h
a
d
e
r A
b
d
u
l-M
a
lik
H
a
b
ib
, 3
8
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
d
h
a
m
M
a
je
d
Y
o
u
s
e
f D
h
a
h
e
r, 1
8
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
R
a
ja
b
H
a
jja
j, 3
2
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
h
m
e
d
K
a
m
e
l A
b
u
a
l-A
ta
, 3
2
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
S
a
id
A
b
u
a
l-A
ta
, 2
8
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
R
ia
d
S
h
a
b
a
n
S
h
a
b
e
t, 2
5
, a
t-T
u
ffa
h
.
H
is
h
a
m
A
b
d
u
l-K
a
rim
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
M
o
u
r, R
a
fa
h
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
Ib
ra
h
im
A
h
m
a
d
a
z
-Z
w
e
id
i, 3
0
, B
e
it L
a
h
ia
.
A
la
M
a
h
e
r J
u
m
a
T
a
m
tis
h
, 1
9
, B
e
it L
a
h
ia
.
A
b
d
u
l-J
a
w
a
d
A
li A
b
u
l-J
a
w
a
d
A
l-H
o
u
m
.
E
h
a
b
S
a
d
y
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
N
a
s
s
r, 2
2
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
d
u
lla
h
H
u
s
s
e
in
a
l-J
a
w
a
jri.
W
is
a
m
S
o
fy
a
n
O
m
a
r a
l-K
ila
n
i, 2
7
.
A
e
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
A
h
m
a
d
a
l-B
u
ra
i, 2
9
, m
e
d
ic
, B
e
it H
a
n
o
u
n
.
M
u
n
th
e
r T
a
la
l A
b
d
u
l-K
a
rim
N
a
s
s
a
r, 3
3
, n
o
rth
e
rn
G
a
z
a
.
T
a
m
e
r T
a
la
l A
b
d
u
l-K
a
rim
N
a
s
s
a
r, 2
4
.
A
la
A
b
d
u
l-R
a
h
m
a
n
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
N
a
s
s
a
r, 2
5
, n
o
rth
e
rn
G
a
z
a
.
T
a
h
e
r Is
m
a
il A
b
d
u
l-R
a
h
m
a
n
N
a
s
s
a
r, 1
8
, n
o
rth
e
rn
G
a
z
a
.
S
h
a
rif R
a
fiq
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
a
l-H
a
m
d
in
, 2
6
, G
a
z
a
C
ity.
A
la
K
h
a
le
d
N
a
jib
a
l-Y
a
z
iji, 2
1
, G
a
z
a
C
ity.
J
ih
a
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
H
a
m
e
d
a
l-H
ilu
, 5
9
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
S
ih
a
m
A
ta
a
l-H
ilu
, 5
7
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
J
ih
a
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
l-H
ilu
, 2
9
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
T
a
h
re
e
r J
ih
a
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
l-H
ilu
, 2
0
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
N
a
jiy
a
J
ih
a
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
l-H
ilu
, 1
5
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
h
m
a
d
J
ih
a
d
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
l-H
ilu
, 2
7
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
H
id
a
y
a
T
a
la
l a
l-H
ilu
, 2
5
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
a
ra
m
A
h
m
a
d
J
ih
a
d
a
l-H
ilu
, 2
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
b
d
u
l-K
a
re
e
m
A
h
m
a
d
J
ih
a
d
a
l-H
ilu
, 1
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
K
a
ra
m
A
h
m
a
d
J
ih
a
d
a
l-H
ilu
, 5
m
o
n
th
s
, S
h
e
ja
e
y
y
a
(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
y
m
a
n
A
n
w
a
r S
a
le
m
B
u
ra
ie
m
3
9
, c
e
n
tra
l G
a
z
a
(d
ie
d
o
f e
a
rlie
r w
o
u
n
d
s
)
S
u
le
im
a
n
Z
a
k
i A
b
d
u
l M
a
w
la
a
l-D
a
rd
is
s
i, 2
7
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y

p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
h
m
a
d
S
h
a
w
q
i M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
a
a
d
a
, 3
7
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
Ib
ra
h
im
H
a
m
d
a
n
A
b
u
T
a
im
a
, 2
5
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y

p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
R
a
e
d
K
h
a
lil H
a
m
d
a
n
A
b
u
T
a
im
a
, 3
3
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
M
a
m
d
o
u
h
M
a
lla
h
i S
u
le
im
a
n
A
b
u
N
a
ja
, 2
4
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d

fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
y
m
a
n
A
k
ra
m
Is
m
a
il a
l-G
h
a
lb
a
n
, 2
2
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
J
ih
a
d
N
a
ji A
b
u
A
a
m
e
r, 2
2
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
R
a
b
a
h
R
a
s
h
e
d
M
o
s
a
lla
m
F
a
y
a
d
, 4
0
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
F
a
d
i M
a
h
m
o
u
d
S
a
d
a
l-M
a
s
ri, 2
2
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
E
y
a
d
Y
o
u
s
e
f a
l-S
a
d
i, 2
4
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
S
a
le
m
M
u
s
ta
fa
a
l-H
a
d
h
id
i, 1
8
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
W
a
s
s
im
N
a
s
s
e
r A
b
d
u
S
h
u
rra
b
, 2
2
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
A
li M
o
h
a
m
m
e
d
A
li a
l-A
s
ta
l, 3
2
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.(b
o
d
y
p
u
lle
d
fro
m
ru
b
b
le
).
F
a
w
z
i A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
A
m
s
h
a
, 6
7
.
N
a
m
a
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
H
u
s
s
e
in
A
b
u
A
m
s
h
a
, 6
4
.
W
a
s
s
im
S
a
la
h
A
b
u
R
iz
iq
A
l-M
a
s
ri.
S
a
e
d
M
u
n
ir S
h
id
a
A
b
u
K
h
a
te
r, 1
9
.
A
m
a
r M
u
s
ta
fa
R
a
s
h
id
H
a
m
d
o
u
n
a
, 2
2
.
T
a
riq
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
M
o
e
h
s
in
a
l-A
jra
m
i, 2
5
.
H
a
m
z
a
M
a
z
in
K
h
a
lil M
a
d
h
i, 2
3
.
Is
m
a
il Y
o
u
n
is
A
b
d
u
lla
h
K
h
a
lla
, 2
1
.
A
b
d
u
l-R
a
h
m
a
n
Y
u
s
e
f A
h
m
a
d
S
a
a
d
a
t, 2
4
.
K
h
a
le
d
A
b
d
u
lla
h
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
A
d
w
a
n
, 3
0
.
O
s
a
m
a
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
N
a
s
s
r a
l-K
a
fa
rn
e
h
, 5
0
.
K
h
a
le
d
A
ta
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
S
h
e
h
a
d
e
h
, 2
3
.
H
a
n
i A
d
e
l M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
H
a
s
h
is
h
, 2
3
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
D
a
w
a
b
e
, 1
9
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
li K
h
a
lil S
a
id
a
m
, 1
7
.
Ib
ra
h
im
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
w
a
d
B
a
ra
k
, 1
9
.
B
ila
l B
a
s
s
a
m
S
a
le
m
a
l-M
a
s
ri, 2
1
.
A
n
w
a
r A
b
d
u
l-K
h
a
d
e
r H
a
s
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
, 2
.
A
ra
fa
t S
a
le
m
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
O
w
e
ily, 2
7
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
F
a
y
e
z
S
h
a
b
a
n
a
l-S
h
a
rif, 2
3
.
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
l-S
h
a
rif, 2
4
, C
e
n
tra
l D
is
tric
t
H
o
s
s
a
m
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
S
u
le
im
a
n
A
b
u
G
h
n
e
ifi, 1
8
.
G
h
a
s
s
a
n
T
a
h
e
r S
u
le
im
a
n
A
b
u
K
a
m
il, 2
5
.
Is
m
a
il A
b
d
u
l-J
a
w
a
d
Is
m
a
il A
b
u
S
a
a
d
a
, 2
6
.
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
R
iy
a
d
h
A
b
d
u
l-K
h
a
d
e
r M
iq
d
a
d
, 2
2
.
M
a
z
in
Y
u
s
e
f S
u
le
im
a
n
A
b
u
J
o
e
rb
a
n
, 3
1
.
S
h
a
k
e
r A
h
m
a
d
S
h
a
k
e
r a
l-J
a
m
a
l, 4
6
.
F
a
is
a
l F
a
e
q
a
l-A
t-T
o
a
m
e
, 3
1
.
H
a
z
e
m
Y
u
s
e
f A
b
d
u
l-R
a
h
m
a
n
a
l-M
o
e
b
id
, 3
4
.
A
b
d
u
lla
h
N
a
b
il A
b
d
u
l-K
h
a
d
e
r a
l-B
a
ts
h
, 2
1
.
S
h
a
rif J
a
la
l H
a
s
a
n
a
l-K
a
rs
h
a
li, 2
7
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
ra
fa
t S
a
le
h
K
h
a
lil a
l-G
h
a
m
a
re
, 3
3
.
A
b
d
u
l-R
a
z
iq
S
h
o
e
b
a
n
A
b
e
d
O
m
m
a
r, 2
7
.
A
m
ja
d
N
a
h
e
d
h
A
la
a
l-S
a
re
fy, 2
2
.
A
d
h
a
m
M
a
je
d
Y
o
u
s
e
f D
a
h
e
r, 1
8
.
H
a
m
z
a
H
a
s
s
a
n
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
H
a
la
s
, 2
5
.
A
h
m
a
d
M
o
u
s
a
A
h
m
a
d
A
h
l, 7
5
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
H
u
s
s
e
in
H
a
s
a
n
a
l-N
a
s
ri.
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
H
u
s
a
m
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
M
a
n
s
o
u
r, 2
2
.
M
o
s
a
b
M
u
s
ta
fa
R
a
je
b
A
li, 2
0
.
M
o
a
m
in
M
u
s
ta
fa
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
a
l-K
a
s
h
a
.
E
y
a
s
A
h
m
a
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
O
u
d
a
, 2
8
.
N
id
a
l K
h
a
le
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
K
h
a
lil, 2
0
.
N
a
d
e
r M
a
jd
i A
b
d
u
l-R
a
h
m
a
n
Q
a
s
s
im
, 3
0
.
E
m
a
n
Ib
ra
h
im
S
u
le
im
a
n
a
l-G
h
a
n
d
o
u
r.
S
a
lm
a
d
H
a
m
a
d
S
a
lm
a
d
a
l-A
m
o
u
r, 3
2
.
R
ifa
t N
a
b
il R
a
m
a
d
a
n
O
w
e
id
a
, 2
7
.
A
s
h
ra
f Q
a
s
s
im
M
a
n
s
o
u
r W
a
fi, 2
5
.
B
a
h
a
R
a
fiq
O
w
e
id
a
, 3
6
.
A
h
m
a
d
B
a
rh
a
m
O
le
im
a
n
A
b
u
D
a
q
q
a
T
a
y
s
ir M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
is
h
a
n
-N
a
jja
r
M
a
ra
m
R
a
je
h
F
a
y
y
a
d
, 2
6
, D
e
ir a
l-B
a
la
h
S
h
a
im
a
H
u
s
s
e
in
A
b
d
u
l-Q
a
d
d
e
r Q
a
n
n
a
n
(p
re
g
n
a
n
t), 2
3
, G
a
z
a
.
A
b
d
u
l-H
a
d
i S
a
la
h
A
b
u
H
a
s
a
n
e
n
, 9
, R
a
fa
h
.
H
a
d
i S
a
la
h
e
d
-D
e
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A
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l A
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h
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D
in
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f A
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m
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o
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la
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ia
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1
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a
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h
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d
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8
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z
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A
d
e
l A
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le
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la
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9
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h
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y
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a
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a
z
a
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a
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ia
d
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a
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la
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0
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a
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0
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is
h
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4
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a
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8
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a
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b
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a
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m
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k
ra
m
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h
e
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h
K
h
a
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4
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h
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y
a
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a
z
a
M
o
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a
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le
im
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n
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h
m
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d
S
h
e
ik
h
K
h
a
lil, 4
9
H
e
b
a
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a
m
e
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
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d
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h
e
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h
K
h
a
lil, 1
3
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h
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y
y
a
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a
z
a
A
b
d
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h
M
a
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a
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w
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m
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ra
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3
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h
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y
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a
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a
z
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Is
s
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m
A
tiy
y
a
S
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id
S
k
a
fy, 2
6
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h
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y
y
a
- G
a
z
a
A
li M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
H
a
s
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n
S
k
a
fy, 2
7
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h
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y
y
a
- G
a
z
a
M
o
h
a
m
m
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d
H
a
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n
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k
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fy, 5
3
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h
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y
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a
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a
z
a
A
la
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a
m
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l e
d
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e
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n
B
a
rd
a
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5
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h
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y
y
a
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a
z
a
O
m
a
r J
a
m
il S
o
b
h
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a
m
m
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a
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0
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h
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y
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a
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a
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a
G
h
a
d
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a
m
il S
o
b
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a
m
m
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a
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0
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y
y
a
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a
G
h
a
d
a
Ib
ra
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im
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im
a
n
A
d
w
a
n
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9
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h
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y
y
a
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a
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a
F
a
tim
a
A
b
d
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a
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im
A
b
u
A
m
m
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a
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5
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h
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y
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a
z
a
F
a
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m
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b
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z
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A
b
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a
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9
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h
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y
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a
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a
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G
h
a
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o
b
h
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a
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y
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h
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y
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a
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M
o
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a
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m
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s
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ra
f R
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A
y
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d
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o
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a
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m
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y
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, 6
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h
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o
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a
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m
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th
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y
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o
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m
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k
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9
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y
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o
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m
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Z
ia
d
A
li Z
a
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t, 2
3
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o
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o
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re
d
J
u
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iy
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8
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M
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ra
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h
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a
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l, 2
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M
o
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o
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3
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b
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y, 3
7
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y, 1
3
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h
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o
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h
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d
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in
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k
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fi, 2
7
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h
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M
o
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A
b
d
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A
y
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2
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h
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H
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S
o
b
h
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a
d
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A
y
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d
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5
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h
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y
y
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z
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Y
o
u
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A
h
m
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d
Y
o
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is
M
u
s
ta
fa
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2
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h
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y
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z
a
Y
o
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f S
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m
H
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tm
o
H
a
b
ib
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2
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h
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y
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z
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F
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tim
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A
b
u
A
m
m
o
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n
a
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5
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h
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y
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a
z
a
A
h
m
a
d
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
z
z
a
m
, 1
9
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h
u
ja
e
y
y
a
- G
a
z
a
Is
m
a
e
l a
l-K
o
rd
i, S
h
u
ja
e
y
y
a
- G
a
z
a
F
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tim
a
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(6
0
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e
fa
m
ily
m
a
tria
rc
h
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
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is
.
S
a
b
a
h
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(3
5
), H
e
r d
a
u
g
h
te
r-in
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w
a
n
d
h
e
r fa
m
ily
:
R
a
z
a
n
T
a
w
fiq
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(1
4
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
J
a
w
d
a
t T
a
w
fiq
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(1
3
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h
a
n
Y
o
u
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is
.
A
y
a
T
a
w
fiq
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
, (1
2
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
H
a
ifa
a
T
a
w
fiq
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(9
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
h
m
a
d
T
a
w
fiq
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(8
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
M
a
y
s
a
a
T
a
w
fiq
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(7
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
T
a
w
fiq
T
a
w
fiq
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(4
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
S
h
a
h
in
a
z
W
a
lid
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(2
9
), p
re
g
n
a
n
t. (F
a
tim
a
s

d
a
u
g
h
te
r-in
-la
w
, a
n
d
h
e
r fa
m
ily
)
F
a
tm
e
h
T
a
y
s
ir A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(1
2
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
A
y
u
b
T
a
y
s
ir A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(1
0
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
R
a
y
a
n
T
a
y
s
ir A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(5
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
R
in
a
t T
a
y
s
ir A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(2
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
N
u
ju
d
T
a
y
s
ir A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(4
m
o
n
th
s
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
Y
a
s
m
in
A
h
m
a
d
S
a
la
m
e
h
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(2
5
), p
re
g
n
a
n
t (a
n
o
th
e
r o
f F
a
tim
a
s

d
a
u
g
h
te
r-in
-la
w
s
, a
n
d
h
e
r fa
m
ily
):
B
a
tu
l B
a
s
s
a
m
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(4
) , K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
S
o
h
e
ila
B
a
s
s
a
m
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(3
) , K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
B
is
a
n
B
a
s
s
a
m
A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(6
m
o
n
th
s
) , K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
Y
a
s
s
e
r A
h
m
a
d
M
u
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(2
7
)
F
a
tim
a
s
s
o
n
F
a
tim
a
R
ia
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(2
6
), p
re
g
n
a
n
t, Y
a
s
s
e
r
s
w
ife
a
n
d
F
a
tim
a
s

d
a
u
g
h
te
r in
la
w
S
a
je
d
a
h
Y
a
s
s
e
r A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(7
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
S
ira
j Y
a
s
s
e
r A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(4
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
N
o
o
r Y
a
s
s
e
r A
h
m
a
d
A
b
u
J
a
m
e
(2
), K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
.
H
u
s
a
m
H
u
s
a
m
A
b
u
Q
e
in
a
s
(7
) (a
n
o
th
e
r o
f F
a
tim
a
s
g
ra
n
d
s
o
n
s
)
T
a
riq
F
a
ro
u
q
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
T
a
fe
s
h
, 3
7
, G
a
z
a
.
H
a
z
e
m
N
a
im
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
A
q
e
l, 1
4
, G
a
z
a
.
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
N
a
s
s
r A
tiy
y
a
A
y
y
a
d
, 2
5
, G
a
z
a
.
O
m
a
r Z
a
h
e
r S
a
le
h
A
b
u
H
u
s
s
e
in
, 1
9
, G
a
z
a
.
Z
ia
d
G
h
a
le
b
R
a
ja
b
a
r-R
e
d
y
a
, 2
3
, n
o
rth
e
rn
G
a
z
a
.
W
a
e
l B
a
s
h
ir Y
a
h
ia
A
s
s
a
f, 2
4
, n
o
rth
e
rn
G
a
z
a
.
Y
a
h
ia
B
a
s
s
a
m
a
s
-S
e
rry, 2
0
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
B
a
s
s
a
m
a
s
-S
e
rry, 1
7
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
M
a
h
m
o
u
d
R
id
a
S
a
lh
iy
y
a
, 5
6
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
M
u
s
ta
fa
R
id
a
S
a
lh
iy
y
a
, 2
1
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
M
o
h
a
m
m
a
d
M
u
s
ta
fa
S
a
lh
iy
y
a
, 2
2
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
n
is
W
a
s
e
e
m
R
id
a
S
a
lh
iy
y
a
, 1
5
, K
h
a
n
Y
o
u
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is
Ib
ra
h
im
J
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