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DEPARTMENT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY KANPUR




Course title: Measurements in Fluid Mechanics
Course Number: AE611
Instructor: Debopam Das
Teaching Assistant:

Author Name: Prakash Chouhan
Experiment Contacted on: August 5, 2014
Report Submitted on: August 12, 2014
Signature:

Table of Contents
Objectives.............................................................................................................. 2
Introduction ......................................................... 2
Experiments ........................................................................................2
Experimental Set-up .........................................2
Description of equipments used.............................................................. 2
Procedure.................................................................................................. 2
Precaution................................................................................................. 2
Description of data taken... 2
Results and Discussion........................................................................................ 3
Conclusions ........................................................................................................... 4
Remarks for future improvement..5






Objectives: To study the potential flow patterns over streamlined and bluff bodies.
To study the effects of viscous flow at low Reynolds Number.

Introduction: Our experiment employs the Hele shaw setup which produces a
Flow pattern similar to that of potential flow. The flow is actually a highly viscous flow between
two parallel plates with a very small gap between them. The flow through this apparatus is 2-D,
low-speed.Although the flow is at low Reynolds number, this has a wide application in the
Flow visualization apparatus as it produces the streamlines of potential flow.

Experimental Set-up:
The equipment consists of two parallel plates made of thick transparent glass clamped together
along the edges with a narrow space of 1 to 2 mm between them. The uniform narrow space
between the plates is attached to two small tanks of rectangular cross-section at the top end. The
tanks are connected to the rectangular slit formed by the transparent sheets by a set of small
holes arranged in a row. The other end of a rectangular slit is made to terminate in a circular hole
by gradually narrowing it. One of the tanks is filled with water and other with the potassium
permanganate. The passage is kept closed and the apparatus is kept vertical. Once the circular
passage at the bottom end is opened, the flow of water and dye take place through the rectangular
passage thereby maintaining the uniform flow field is established in the rectangular slit of the
Hele-Shaw apparatus

Procedure:

Mount the Hele-Shaw apparatus in a vertical position.
Place the model at the middle of the test section
Start the flow around the model
Time taken to fill the height of the measuring beaker shall be noted to calculate the
volumetric flow rate
Photograph the flow
Change the angle of attack and visualize the change in flow features
Visualize the flow patterns for different models.

Precaution
The gap between the plates will be low as possible.
Apparatus shouldnt be disturbed while flow is on.
Volumetric Flow rate should be measure cautiously

Description of data taken
Area of the flow passage between the parallel plates from the tank is computed. Volumetric flow
rate is computed from the measuring beaker.
Velocity (m/s) = Volumetric flow rate (m^3/s) / Area (m^2)
.

Results-
S.No Height time(s) Q(m^3/s) Area ( m^2) Velocity (m/s) Chord Re
Airfoil (m)
1 5ml 55 0.09091 0.0002 0.000455 0.03 13.65
2 5ml 43 0.11628 0.0002 0.000581 0.03 17.43
3 5ml 30 0.16667 0.0002 0.000833 0.03 25.00
Cylinder
1 5ml 136 0.03676 0.0002 0.000184 0.00225 0.5

Re = 13.65 Re= 17.43










Re=25


Velocity = 0.000184 m/s, Re = 0.5 Cylinder




Discussion
Airfoil
Flow appears to be ideal with no drag and viscous effects.
The flow is symmetric irrespective of change in angle of attack as the streamline pattern
above and below is same.
Change in the angle of attack there is a change in the location of stagnation point
Viscous forces are absent and no separation zone.

Cylinder
Flow appears to be ideal with no drag and viscous effects
The flow seems is symmetric as the streamline pattern above and below is same.
Viscous forces are absent and no separation zone.

Conclusions:
At low Reynolds number potential flow can be considered.
No viscous forces results in slip condition, thereby no wake is generated.

Remarks for future improvement
By increasing the size of apparatus we can analyze bigger models

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