Steps in the Reading Process:

1. Is the thesis stated or implied? Is there inductive ordering in which the evidence is presented first and
then the thesis is given? Is there deductive ordering in which case the thesis is presented first and the
main points follow logically down from it? Are the thesis and supporting points based primarily on
analogy? Are the thesis and supporting points based on a combination of styles of presentation
(inductive, deductive, analogy) and if, so which is the dominant style.
. If the presentation is inductive, is the conclusion claim necessarily valid? If the presentation is
deductive, does the conclusion hold true for within the class mentioned in the ma!or premise? If the
presentation based on analogy, is the comparison valid and true of the analogous sub!ects in every
respects and in all situations?
". Is the evidence (supporting details) relevant, sufficient, logically supporting the claim made in the thesis?
#. Is the appeal mainly pathos, logos and how sufficient and appropriate is the appeal for the intended audience?
or is it ethos and what is the evidence (tone, diction, comprehensive research, counter claim) of fairness and
balance? $$$$$$Is there a combination of appeal used and if so, is any one appeal dominant.
%. Are the main points clearly presented? &o you find the te't easy to read. (((Is the author)s argument
repetitive?
Steps in the writing Process:
1. *tanley *cott in his article +*mo,ers get a raw deal- published in the .ew /or, 0imes on
&ecember 1, 112#, uses mainly inductive reasoning in an attempt to convince the general public that smo,ers
in America are being unfairly treated.)
. 3hat type of evidence is used and what are the strengths and wea,nesses of these?
Is the evidence, sufficient, valid, logical? 3hat are the fallacies contained within the argument?
". &iscuss the appeals used in delivering the argument(((((3hat is the level of effectiveness of these in
supporting the argument? Is there evidence of bias? Is the writer fair? 4ow is shown in the writer5s tone?
#. &iscuss the rhetorical strategies and diction used to enhance the argument
4as the writer used stylistic devices? (e.g. figurative e'pressions, rhetorical 6uestions, dialogue, irony,
sarcasm)(((( 4ow effective are they? (((( Is the language of the article appropriate for the intended audience?
%. 7onclusion
8a,e a !udgement on the entire argument ststing whether (in light of its strengths and wea,nesses) it is sound,
well supported and has achieved its purpose((((Is it the issue that the article addresses topical and would you
recommend the article to others?