W=P/L

L
A B C
Assignment-2 Michael C Joseph
120040097
Question- A cantilever beam is subjected to a uniformly distributed load and a concentrated
load at mid span. Draw the bending moment (M) and shear force (V) diagrams and identify
the zones of high M, high V and combined V and M. At each zone, pick out 2 or 3 points and
draw the respective stress boxes. Use this information to determine the orientation (direction)
of cracks.





Solution- The beam
A C B
The Shear Force Diagram:

A C B




The Bending Moment Diagram:

A C B





As we can see from the BMD and SFD, the critical section for this loading in cantilever beam is the
left joint A where the beam experiences maximum shear and bending moment
P
4
3
2
1
Shear Crack development near joint A:-
To identify the variation of cracks with depth, we consider some points along the depth of
section A and identify the direction of crack through Mohr Circle analysis:-



A


The shear force distribution along the depth:-


At 1- f f

Hence the crack develops vertically.


At 2- f f

By, Mohrs Circle, an angled block (with an angle A= *Tan
-1
(2t/f) with vertical) will have
maximum tensile forces. Since concrete is weak in tension the crack will propagate along the
line of block at some angle between 0
0
and 45
0
with vertical.



Neutral
axis
At neutral axis shear stress is maximum (=3/2 v
avg
)
Here, the tensile force is maximum in horizontal
direction whereas the shear force is 0.

Here, the tensile force is in horizontal direction
whereas there is some shear force as well.

t
45<A<90
Horizontal axis
t

At 3-


The crack will be at exactly 45
0
in this case. This can be explained by taking a 45 degreed
block in which only tensile forces will act-






At 4- f f

By, Mohrs Circle, an angled block (with an angle A= * Tan
-1
(2t/f) with horizontal) will
have maximum compressive forces. Since concrete is strong in compression there wont be
cracks developing.




An overall crack profile at A:-




Here, the shear force acts on the block but since it is
on the neutral axis, net tension/compression is 0.

t

t + t =
45
0
Here, the compressive force is in horizontal direction (inwards)
whereas there is some shear force as well.

45
0
Horizontal axis
45
0
t