Fossil Fired Programs

Steam Turbine Designs for Coal Fired Generation

500 - 600 MW Rating
750 - 850 MW Rating
2 - Flow 40 LP Section
4 Flow 30 or 33.5 LP Section
4 - Flow 33.5 or 40 LP Section
Structured Product to Remove Variation Structured Product to Remove Variation
350 - 450 MW Rating
2 - Flow 30 or 33.5 LP Section
300-450 MW Rating
Tandem Compound 2 Flow Reheat Steam Turbines
Two Casing Machine, Power Ratings to 300-450 MW
Full / Partial-Arc {2} Admission
Initial Steam Conditions Up To 2400 Psig 1050/1050F
Low Pressure Sections with 30 LSB, 33.5 and 40 LSB
Over 80 of these machines in operation today Over 80 of these machines in operation today
500-550 MW Rating
Tandem Compound 2 Flow Reheat Steam Turbines
Two Casing Machine, Power Ratings to 500-550 MW
Full / Partial-Arc {2} Admission
Initial Steam Conditions Up To 2400 Psig 1050/1050F
Two Casing Machine Has Small Station Footprint Two Casing Machine Has Small Station Footprint
500-600 MW Rating
Three Casing, 4 Flow, Output Ratings at 500-600 MW
Full / Partial-Arc {2} Admission
Last Stage Bucket Lengths 30, and 33.5
Higher MW Rating Utilizes a Four Flow Design Higher MW Rating Utilizes a Four Flow Design
7650
7700
7750
7800
7850
7900
7950
1 . 5 2 . 5 3
Ex ha ust Pres s ure
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TC2F- 40
TC4F- 30
TC4F- 33 .5
7 6 5 0
7 7 0 0
7 7 5 0
7 8 0 0
7 8 5 0
7 9 0 0
7 9 5 0
8 0 0 0
1.5 2.5 3
Exh au st Pres su re
H
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TC2F-40
TC4F-30
TC4F-33 .5
7700
7750
7800
7850
7900
7950
8000
1.5 2.5 3
Exh au st Pr es s u re
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TC 2 F - 4 0
TC 4 F - 3 0
TC 4 F - 3 3 . 5
100 BTU/kW-hr
4F-33.5
WINS
2F-40
WINS
At $40,000/BTU
100 BTU=$4 M
4F-33.5
WINS
4F-33.5
WINS
4F-30
WINS
2F-40
WINS
What Are the Cooling
Water Conditions of
the Market Place?
500 MW
550 MW
600 MW
Exhaust Pressure Impact
Steam Turbine Technology
500 to 600 MW Product Structure
4 Flow Machine With 30, 33.5 LSB
2 Flow Machine With 40 LSB
Exhaust Pressure and Economics Will Effect the Optimum Exhaust Pressure and Economics Will Effect the Optimum
750-850 MW Rating
Tandem Compound 4 Flow Reheat Steam Turbines
Four Casing, Power Ratings to 750 - 850 MW
Full / Partial-Arc {2} Admission
Initial Steam Conditions up to 3500 Psig 1050/1050F
Last Stage Bucket Length 33.5 or 40
Over 40 of These Units in Operation Over 40 of These Units in Operation
Impact of Steam Conditions / Harp for Fossil Applications
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
2400 3500
Throttle Pressure
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1
0
0
0

F

/

1
0
0
0

F
1
0
5
0

F

/

1
0
5
0

F
~ 1.8%
~ 1.7%
~ 1.5%
~ 0.5%
Harp Cycle
600 MW Unit Effect
Base line :
2400 / 1000 F / 1000 F
~ 0.8%
Ultra Super Critical
(3500 / 1050 F / 1100 F)
3500 / 1000 F / 1000 F
2400/ 1050 F / 1050 F
Ultra Super Critical Steam Conditions
1050 MW
250 Bar/600/610C
(3626 Psia/1112/1130F)
4 Flow 48 LSB
Cross-Compound
COD 7/00
Steam Turbine 48.7%
Thermal Efficiency
Worlds Most Powerful Ultra Super Critical Steam Turbine Worlds Most Powerful Ultra Super Critical Steam Turbine
Exhaust Hood Performance Validation
Outer Hood
Inner Casing
LP Instrumentation
LP Diaphragms - 30 TCs & 30 PTs
Exhaust Diffuser - 32 PTs
Bearing Cone - 4 PTs
Condenser Interface - 11 PTs
Last Stage Bucket - 41 PTs
L-0 & L-1 - Traverse Probes
Exhaust Diffuser
181 Precision Instruments Being Used to Characterize Steam Turbine 181 Precision Instruments Being Used to Characterize Steam Turbine
Thermodynamic and Mechanical Performance Thermodynamic and Mechanical Performance
Evolution of Steam Path Design
88
89
90
91
93
94
95
96
97
98
92
Typical HP Steam Path Efficiency of Single Stages
H
P

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E
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-

%
1980s
Controlled
Vortex
Geometry
1960s
Free-
vortex
Design
1990s
Advanced
Vortex
Geometry
2000s
Dense
Pack
W/adv
Sealing
1970s
Improved
Vane
Profiles
Potential Dense Pack Design Features
Baseline
Double Flow
Inlet
6 Stages
Dense Pack
Single
Flow Inlet
More Stages
Longer Buckets
Smaller Rotor and Wheel Diameters
Integral Covers
Adv Seals
Single Flow Control Stage
Dense Pack Diaphragm
Dense Pack Diaphragms with Advanced Seals Dense Pack Diaphragms with Advanced Seals
Dense Pack HP Section
Dense Pack Diaphragms in the Lower Shell Dense Pack Diaphragms in the Lower Shell
Dense Pack Hp Section
800 MW HP Dense Pack on the Half Shell 800 MW HP Dense Pack on the Half Shell
Summary
500 - 600 MW Rating
2 Flow or 4 Flow
Various LSBs to Optimize
750 - 850 MW Rating
4 Flow 33.5 or 40 LSB
Proven Designs with Improved Technology Proven Designs with Improved Technology
350 - 450 MW Rating
2 Flow 30 or 33.5 LSB