Cbo9781139050371a049 PDF

Index of names
References are to book, chapter and section. In the longer entries bold type indicates the more
signicant references. Subheadings are arranged in broadly chronological sequence.
For major entries like Athens and Sparta, see also synopsis of contents, pp. +::.
For personal names, see also biographical notes, pp. xlvliii and note on deities, pp. livlvi.
Thucydides refers to + personal names in all (excluding those who only appear in patronymics
or as signatories to agreements).
Entries for places should be understood also to include their inhabitants, so Corinth/Corinthians
come under the same heading. There are + place names in all (including both natural features
like rivers and headlands and man-made features like forts, roads and mines, but excluding tribes
and peoples).
For proper names of festivals and months of the year, see general index.
Abdera, city in Thrace II :.+, y.+
Abydos, city on the Hellespont VIII +.+,
:.+, +o:.:+o.+, +o.+:, +o.+,
+oy.:, +o8.
Acamantis, an Athenian tribe IV ++8.++
Acanthus, city in Chalcidice IV 888, ++.,
+:o., +:.+; V +8.j
Acarnan, eponymous hero of Acarnania II
+o:.
Acarnania, region of western Greece
traditions and expertise I j.; II 8+.8,
+o:.++o; VII y.:
relations with Athens I +++.; II y., .,
o.+, .+; IV
and Phormio (o:8) II 8.y8, 8o.18.;
III y.+
and Demosthenes (::) III .+j.:,
+o:., 1o11; IV yy.:, 8.+,
+o+.
support for Athens in Sicilian expedition
(+) VII +.:, jy.+o, o., y.:
see also Medeon, Oeniadae, Sollium, Stratus
Acesines, river in Sicily IV :j.8
Achaea, region of northern Peloponnese I
++j.+; II .:, .+, 8., 8., 8.+; III
:.j; IV :+.; V 8:.+; VII .+
see also Panormus, Patrae, Rhium (:)
Achaeans (Homeric name for Greeks) I .; IV
+:o.+; VI :.
Achaea Phthiotis, a Thessalian dependency IV
y8.+j; VIII .+
Acharnae, Athenian deme II +.+:.+
o
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Index of names
Achelous, river in western Greece II +o:.:;
III y., +o.+
Acheron, river in Thesprotis (western Greece)
I .
Acherousian lake, in Thesprotis (western
Greece) I .
Achilles, legendary Greek warrior I .
Acrae, city in Sicily VI j.:
Acraean crag, Sicily VII y8.j, y.+
Acragas (+), city in Sicily (Agrigentum) V .;
VI .; VII .:, .+, jo.+, j8.+
Acragas (:), river in Sicily VI .
Acropolis
Athens I +:; II +.j, 1.6, +y.+, :.+;
V +8.+o, :.j, y.++; VI jj.+
Corcyra III y:.
Inessa III +o.+
Acrothoi, a city in Chalcidice IV +o.
Actaean cities, coastal Asia Minor IV j:.
Acte, peninsula of Chalcidice IV +o.+;
V j.+
Actium, city in the Ambracian Gulf I :.,
o.
Admetus, king of Molossians I +.:
+y.+
Aeantides, son-in-law to Hippias VI j.
Aegaleos, mountain in Attica II +.+
Aegean Sea I 8.:; IV +o.:
Aegina, island in the Saronic Gulf I +., +.:,
y.:, 1o.z, +o8., +.+, +o.; II
zy.1z, +.+; III ., y:.+; IV j.:, jy.;
V j, y.; VI :.:; VII :o., :.+, jy.:;
VIII ., :.
Aegitium, town in Aetolia III y.:
Aenesias, Spartan ephor II :.+
Aenianians, tribe near Heracleia V j+.+
Aenus, city in Thrace IV :8.; VII jy.j
Aeolians, a Greek race (original inhabitants of
Corinth) III +.+; IV .:, j:.; VII jy.j;
VIII +o8.
Aeolian islands, off Sicily III 88.+,
++j.+
Aeolis (+), region of Asia Minor III +.+
Aeolis (:), region of western Greece
(previously Calydon) III +o:.j
Aerae, city in Ionia VIII +., :o.:
Aesimides, Corcyraean commander I y.+
Aeson, Argive envoy V jo.
Aethaea, district of Messenia I +o+.:
Aetna, volcano in Sicily III ++.+:
Aetolia, region of western Greece I j.; III
q.q8., +oo, +o:.:, +o; IV o.+; VII
jy.
Agamemnon, Greek leader of Trojan
expedition I .+
Agatharcidas, Corinthian general II 8.
Agatharchus, Syracusan commander VII :j.+,
yo.+
Agesandridas, Spartan commander VIII +.:,
.:, j.y
Agesandrus, Spartan envoy I +.
Agesippidas, Spartan commander V j:.+,
j.+
Agis, king of Sparta
invasions of Attica (:, aborted) III 8.+;
(:j) IV :.+, .+
signatory of Peace of Nicias (::/+) V +.:,
:.+
Argive campaigns (+, aborted) V j.+;
(+8) V jy.+, j8.:j, 6o.1, 6.1,
j.:, .:, y+.+, y:.+, y.:;
(+y/+) V 8.+
occupation of Deceleia (+++) VII +.+,
:y.j; VIII .+, ., 8.:, yo.:y+.
support for Euboea and Lesbos (+/+:)
VIII j.+
enmity with Alcibiades VIII +:.:, j.+
Agraea, region of Acarnania II +o:.:; III
+o.:, +++., ++.+, ++.:; IV yy.:,
+o+.
Agrianians, a Thracian people II .
Alcaeus, Athenian archon V +.+, :j.+
Alcamenes, Spartan commander VIII j.+:,
8.:, +o.:, ++.
Alcibiades, Athenian statesman
background, character and reputation V
.:; VI +:.:, 1.z1y.1, :8.::.,
+.+y, 8.+; VIII ., +.+, 8.,
j.+, 8.8
involvement in Argive war with Sparta
(:o+) V .:, j.+, j:.:, j.++,
j., +.:, y., 8.+
involvement in affair of Herms and Sicilian
expedition (+j) VI 8.:, z8.zzq., 8,
jo.+, j.+, +.+y
as adviser to Sparta (+j+:) VI 88.+o,
8q.1q.1; VII +8.+; VIII ., ++.+:.,
+.+:, +y.+:, :., j.+
+
Index of names
Alcibiades, Athenian statesman (cont.)
as intermediary between Tissaphernes, the
army at Samos and Athens (+:++) VIII
.1.z, j.:, ., 81.18.1,
8j.:, 86.8, 8y.+, 88.+8.:, o.+,
y., +o8.+:
speeches V j.: (reported), +.:
(reported); VI 1618, 8qqz; VIII
j.:. (reported advice given), 8+.:
(reported), 8.+y (reported debate)
see also exile, synopsis of contents
Alcidas, Spartan admiral III +., :.+, zq,
.+:, y, y., 8o.:, :.j
Alcinous, legendary hero III yo.
Alciphron, Spartan representative V j.j
Alcmaeon, legendary father of Acarnan II
+o:.j; Alcmaeonid clan VI j.
Alexander, king of Macedonia and father of
Perdiccas I jy.:, +y.+; II :.y, j.+,
.
Alexarchus, Corinthian commander VII
+.
Alexicles, Athenian general VIII :., .+,
8.+
Alexippidas, Spartan ephor VIII j8.+
Alicyae, Sicel tribe VII :.+
Almopia, district of Macedonia II .j
Alope, place in Opuntian Locris II :.:
Alyzia, place in Acarnania VII +.:
Ambracia, region of western Greece I :.+,
:y.:, .+, 8.; II .:, 68.1q, 8o.+j;
III +o:.y, 1o1, ++.; VI +o.+;
VII y.+, j8.; VIII +o.
speech by herald III ++.
Ameinades, Athenian envoy II y.:
Ameinias, Spartan commissioner IV +:.
Ameinocles, Corinthian shipwright I +.
Amneas, Plataean soldier III ::.
Amorges, Persian rebel VIII ., +.:, :8.:,
j.
Ampelidas, Spartan envoy V ::.:
Amphilochia, region of western Greece II
68.1q; III +o:.y, +oj+
Amphilochus, legendary founder of
Amphilochian Argos II 8.
Amphipolis, city in Thrace I +oo.; IV
1oz.11oq.1, +:.; V ++, +8.j, :+.+,
j.j, .:, 8.; VII
Amphissa, place in Ozolian Locris III +o+.:
Amyclae, place in Sparta V +8.+o, :.j
Amyntas, son of Philip of Macedon II j.,
+oo.
Amyrtaeus, king of the marsh people in Egypt
I ++o.:, ++:.
Anaceium, temple in Athens VIII .+
Anactorium, city at mouth of Ambracian Gulf
I :., .+, jj.+; II .:, 8o., 8o.j, 8+.;
III ++.; IV ; V o.:; VII +.:
Anaea, city on coast of Asia Minor III +.:,
:.:; IV yj.+; VIII +.+, +.:
Anapus (+), river in Acarnania II 8:
Anapus (:), river outside Syracuse VI .:,
.; VII :., y8.
Anaxandrus, Theban commander VIII +oo.
Anaxilas, tyrant of Rhegium VI .
Andocides, Athenian commander I j+.
Andocrates, Plataean hero III :.+
Androcles, Athenian popular leader
VIII j.:
Andromedes, Spartan envoy V :.+
Andros, Aegean island II jj.+; IV :.+; VI
.; VII jy.; VIII .
colonies of IV 8.+, 88.:, +o., +o.
Androsthenes, Arcadian Olympic winner V
.+
Aneristus, Spartan envoy II y.+
Antandrus, city on coast of Aeolis in Asia
Minor IV j:., yj.+; VIII +o8.j, +o
Anthemus, place in Macedonia II .,
+oo.
Anthene, city in Cynouria (Peloponnese) V
+.:
Anticles, Athenian commander I ++y.:
Antimenidas, Spartan envoy V :.+
Antiochus, king of Orestians II 8o.
Antiphemus, Rhodian co-founder of Gela
(Sicily) VI .
Antiphon, Athenian statesman VIII 68.1z,
o.+:
Antissa, city in Lesbos III +8.+:, :8.; VIII
:.
Antisthenes, Spartan commander VIII .+,
+.:
Aphitis, place in Chalcidice I .:
Aphrodite, Greek goddess VI .
Aphroditia, place in Laconia IV j.+
Apidanus, river in Thessaly IV y8.j
Apodotians, a people in Aetolia III .j, +oo.+
:
Index of names
Apollo, Greek god I :.; II +j., +.+; III .,
.:; IV o.+, qy8; V :.j, y.++,
j.+; VI .+, j.y; VII :.:; VIII j.:
at Delos I +.; III +o.+j; IV y.
at Delphi I +:.:; IV ++8.+; V +8.:, :.+
see also Delphi, oracles
Apollonia, coastal city in Illyria (north-west
Greece) I :.:
Arcadia, region of Peloponnese I :., .: III
.:; V :.+, +.:, .+, jy.:j8.:,
o., .j, y.+:; VII jy., j8.; VIII
.:
see also Mantinea, Orchomenus (:), Tegea
Archedice, daughter of Hippias VI j.
Archelaus, son of Perdiccas II +oo.:
Archestratus, Athenian commander I jy.
Archetimus, Corinthian commander I :.:
Archias (+), political leader in Camarina
(Sicily) IV :j.y
Archias (:), founder of Syracuse VI .:
Archidamus, king of Sparta I yq.z; II +o.,
+:.+, +:., +.+, 18.1zo., y.:,
y+.+yj.+; III +.+
speeches I 8o.+8j.:; II ++.+, y:.+, y:.,
y.:
Archonides, Sicel king VII +.
Arcturus, star II y8.:
Argilus, city in Chalcidice IV +o.j; V .,
+8.j
Arginousae, city on coast of Asia Minor VIII
+o+.:
Arginum, cape on Erythraean headland
opposite Chios VIII
Argives, Homeric name for the Greeks I .
Argos (+), city in Peloponnese
early history and involvement before
outbreak of war (+) I +o:., +oy.j,
+j.; II ., y.+, .
involvement with Peloponnesian states and
war with Sparta (:j+) IV :.; V +.,
zyz, 68, 8.1; see further
synopsis of contents
texts of treaties involving V y.++:, yy.+8
further Spartan aggression against VI y.+:,
j.+, +oj.+
(+j+) VI :., .+, +., y.+, 8.:,
., yo.:, y+:, +oo.:, +o+.; VII +8.,
:o.+, :.+, jy.
support for Athens in war in Ionia and Asia
(+:) VIII :j.+, :y.j, 8.8
Argos (:), Amphilochian (western Greece) II
68, 8o.y; III +o:.y, 1o1
Arianthidas, Theban leader IV +.+
Aristagoras, Milesian leader IV +o:.:
Aristarchus, Athenian oligarch VIII o.+, :.,
8.+, 8.
Aristeides (+), son of Lysimachus, Athenian
colleague of Themistocles I +.; V +8.j
Aristeides (:), son of Archippus, Athenian
commander IV jo.+, yj.+
Aristeus (+), son of Adeimantus, Corinthian
commander I o.:.+, j.+:;
II y.+
Aristeus (:), son of Pellichus, Corinthian
commander I :.:
Aristeus (), Spartan commissioner IV +:.
Aristocles (+), brother of Pleistoanax (Spartan
king) V +.:
Aristocles (:), Spartan leader V y+., y:.+
Aristocrates, Athenian general V +.:, :.;
VIII .:, 8.:, :.
Aristogeiton, assassin of Hipparchus I :o.:; VI
.1q.1
Ariston, Corinthian naval captain VII .:
Aristonous (+), Larisaean leader II ::.
Aristonous (:), founder of Acragas (in Sicily)
VI .
Aristonymus, Athenian ofcial IV +::.+
Aristophon, Athenian envoy VIII 8.
Aristoteles, Athenian general III +oj.
Arnae, place in Chalcidice IV +o
Arne, place in Thessaly I +:.
Arnisa, city in Macedonia IV +:8.
Arrhabaeus, king of Lyncestians (Macedonian
tribe) IV y.:, 8.+, +::j
Arrhiani, place in Chersonese VIII +o.:
Arsaces, Persian commander, deputy of
Tissaphernes VIII +o8.
Artabazus, Persian governor I +:.+, +:.j
Artaphernes, Persian envoy IV jo.+
Artas, Messapian tribal leader (Iapygia,
southern Italy) VII .
Artaxerxes, Persian king I +o.+, +y.+8.+,
+8.; IV jo.
Artemis, Greek goddess VI .; VIII +o
Artemisium, northern headland of Euboea,
Battle of (8o) III j.
Index of names
Asia (Asia Minor, corresponding to Asian
part of modern Turkey) I .j, .:,
+8.j; II y.+, qy.6; IV yj.; V +;
VIII j8.:
Asine (+), coastal town in Messenia
(Peloponnese) IV +.+; VI .
Asine (:), town in Laconia (but possibly same
place as above) IV j.
Asopius, Athenian general III y.+j
Asopus, river in Boeotia II j.:
Aspendus, town in Pamphylia (southern Asia
Minor) VIII 8y88, +o8.
Assinarus, river in Sicily VII 8.:8j.+
Astacus, city in Acarnania II o.+, .+,
+o:.+
Astymachus, Plataean spokesman III j:.
speech III jj
Astyochus, Spartan admiral
activities in Chios, Miletus and Ionia VIII
:o.+, :.+j, :., :.+, :.:, +.+.,
.+, o.:., +.+, .+:
deteriorating relationship with Sparta VIII
8.+, .:, 8.8.
intrigues with Phrynichus, Alcibiades and
Tissaphernes VIII j.+, jo.+j+.+, 8.,
8.
Atalante (+), island off Opuntian Locris II
:.+; III 8.; V +8.y
Atalante (:), place in Macedonia II +oo.
Athena, Greek goddess I +:.:+:y.+, +:8.:,
+.++j.+; II +.j, +j.:; IV ++.:; V
+o.:, :.j
Athenaeus, Spartan ofcial IV ++.:,
+::.+
Athenagoras, Syracusan political leader IV
j.:+.+
speech IV o
Athens, city in Attica
early history of Athens I :.j, .,
+8.+:o.:; IV +o
character of Athenians I ., yo.1q, +o:.;
II ++.y8, 6, j.++, 8.j; III
+.+, y8, :; IV :+.:, +., jj.:,
j.; VI +.+, .+, ., +o++, +.+, +8.:y,
:.+, o.:+., j.:, 8y.:; VII +.:,
+., :+., :8., .y, 8.:; VIII
+.+
constitutional issues I ++8.+; II +j.++.+
y.1, o.:; III y.+j; VI +j.,
j.o.+; VIII y.+, 6.y6.y,
8.+., qy.1q8.; see also democracy,
oligarchy, tyranny
nance and economic conditions I .:,
+o+., +.+; II 1.z6, :.+, .+; III
+.+; IV jo.+, jy.+, yj.+, +o8.+; V .+;
VI 8.:, +:.+, j.j, o., +.y; VII z8.,
8.:; VIII , +j.+, ., j., y.,
+oy.+
festivals, rituals and temples I 8.+, :o.:,
+:.:+:; II +j.:j, 8.+; III +o.+; V
y.+o++; VI j.:jy.+, +.; VIII .+,
+o8.
growth and nature of empire I .+j,
yjyy, 88118, 1zz.z, +:.; II 8.j,
.+, ; III 8.j, +o++, y.+:; IV
+o.; V 811; VI +8.:, y.+,
8z8y; VII .:; VIII 8.
alliances: with Greeks against Persia
(oy) I +8.:, j.y, +o:.; Athenian
alliance against Sparta (y+) I
+8.+, j.:, q.1qy.1, .+; II :.+,
q., +.:, ::.; with Corcyra () I +.:,
.+j.+; with Sitalces (+) II :.+y;
with Acarnania (o) II 8.8; against
Syracuse (:y:) III 8.+, +o.+,
++j.; with Sparta (::/+ Peace of
Nicias) V 1.1z., .+, 8.+; with
Argos, Elis and Mantinea (:o) V
.+8.+; against Syracuse (++)
VI .:, j+.:, yj.; VII .j,
y.111
political classes and ofce holders I .:,
+:.8, +.+:; II :.+, +.8, +j.+:,
+.+:, .+; III 16.1; IV o.+,
++8.+++; V +.++, j.+, y.; VI +,
:8.+, , j., 8.; VII +o, 6.z;
VIII +., 8.j, j., j.:, .+, .+,
8+.:, :.:++; see also assembly,
associations, council, Five Hundred,
Five Thousand, Four Hundred,
trierarchs
speeches by Athenian representatives I j.,
yy8; IV y.+ (exchanges of heralds);
V .:, 811 (Melian debate); VI
y (reported discussion of generals),
8:8y
reported debates in assembly VIII :j.+, j,
y.y (at Samos), 8.+, .:
Index of names
see also synopsis of contents for detailed
analysis of the war narrative; metics,
plague, religious practices, war;
Acharnae, Acropolis, Attica, Peloponnese
(Athenian expeditions); Cleon, Pericles,
Demosthenes, Phormio, Phrynichus,
Nicias, Alcibiades, Themistocles
Athos, mountain in Chalcidice IV +o.:; V .,
j.+, 8:.+
Atintanians, tribe in north-west Greece II 8o.
Atramyttium, coastal town in Asia Minor V
+.+; VIII +o8.
Atreus, legendary ruler of Mycenae I .:
Attica, region of Greece
character and history of I :.j; II
+j.++.:, .+, jjj; VIII j.:, .:
invasions of () I ++.:; II :+.+; V +.;
(+) II +o.+, +.+, +.+, 18z; (o) II
y.:, j:.+, j.jjj.+, j.jjy.:, :.;
(:8) III +.+; (:y) III :.+; (:,
aborted) III 8.+; (:j) IV :.+, .+::
(+/+, occupation of Deceleia) VII
+8.+, +.+, zy.z8.; VIII j.:.:
see also Cropia, Deceleia, Marathon,
Sounium, Thria
Aulon, place in Chalcidice IV +o.+
Autocharidas, Spartan commander V +:.+
Autocles, Athenian commander IV j.+,
++.:
Axius, river in Macedonia II .
Battus, Corinthian general IV .+
Berooea, place in Macedonia I +.
Bisaltia, place in Macedonia II .; IV +o.
Bithynia, region of Asia IV yj.:
Black Sea, see Euxine Sea
Boeotia, region of central Greece
early history (to +) I :., +o., +:.,
+oy.+o8., +++.+, ++.+; III j.,
+.::., y.; IV :.; VII jy.j
political and constitutional structure II :.;
III +.::., j.:.+; IV y.:j, 8.:;
V 8.z; see also boeotarchs
role in mainland war (++): as Spartan
allies II .:, +:.j; III :.; IV ++8.:; V
+y.:, ::.+, :.:, j., .+:, o.+; at
Plataea II .:, +:.j; III j.:.+; in
Attica ::.:; at Megara IV yo.+y:.; in
Boeotia and at Delium IV yj.:yy.+,
8q.11o1.z; at Panactum V .j,
j.jo., :.+; at Heracleia V j:.+;
against Argos V +., jy.:o.
role in Peloponnesian forces during Sicilian
expedition (+j+) VII +., .y, j.+,
jy.j, j8.
role in continuation of war in Greece and
Asia Minor (+++) VIII .:, j.:, o.+,
8.+, +o.
specialist cavalry contributions II ., +:.j,
::.:; III 6z., IV y:.+, .+j,
q.zq6.8; V jy.:j8.
exchanges of heralds (with Athenians) IV
y.+
see also Delium, Mycalessus, Orchomenus,
Oropus, Plataea, Siphae, Thebes and
synopsis of contents
Boeum, city of Doris in central Greece I
+oy.:
Bolbe, lake in Macedonia I j8.:; IV +o.+
Bolissus, place in Chios VIII :.
Bomians, Aetolian tribe III .
Boriades, Eurytanian (Aetolian) envoy III
+oo.+
Bormiscus, place in Chalcidice IV +o.+
Bottia, region of Macedonia II ., +oo.
Bottice, region of Chalcidice I jy.j, j8.+, j.:;
II y.+y, ., +o+.+, +o+.j; IV y
Boucolion, place in Arcadia IV +.:
Boudorum, Athenian fort on Salamis II .,
.; III j+.:
Bouphras, place near Pylos IV ++8.
Brasidas, Spartan commander
character and reputation IV 81.1,
+o8.:, +:+.+, +:.:; V +.+
as military commander II :j.:, 8j.+; III
.+:, y, y.; IV ++.+:.+, yo.+y.+,
y8.+88.+, 1oz.111y.1, +:o+:.+,
+:.+, +j; V :., ., 6.11.1,
+.:, +.+
army veterans of V .+, y.+, y+.y:.
speeches II 8y.+; IV ++. (reported),
8j8y, ++.j (reported), +:o.
(reported), +:.+; V , +o.j
Brauro, wife of Pittacus, king of Edonia IV
+oy.
Bricinniae, fort in Leontine territory (Sicily) V
.
Brilessus, mountain in Attica II :.+
j
Index of names
Bronze House, goddess of (Athena) I +:8.:,
+.+
Byzantium, city on Bosphorus I .:, ++j.j,
++y., +:8.j, ++.+; VIII 8o.
Cacyparis, river in Sicily VII 8o.j
Cadmes, earlier name of Boeotia I +:.
Caeadas, ravine in Sparta I +.
Cacinus, river in southern Italy III +o.
Calchedon, city at mouth of Black Sea
IV yj.:
Calex, river in area of Heracleia on Black Sea
IV yj.:
Callians, Aetolian tribe III .
Callias, Athenian commander I +.+.
Callicrates, Corinthian commander I :.:
Calligeitus, Megarian exile and agent of
Pharnabazus VIII .+, 8.+, .+
Callirrhoe (Fair Waters), see Enneacrounos
Calydon, city in Aeolis III +o:.j
Camarina, city in Sicily
early history VI j.
alliance with Leontini III 8.:
at conference of Gela IV j8.+, j.+
Athens and Syracuse vie for support of IV
:j.y; V .; VI j:.+:, y.:, y.88.z;
VII .+, j8.+, 8o.:
Cambyses, Persian king I +., +.:
Cameirus, city in Rhodes VIII .:
Canastraeum, Cape at Pallene (Chalcidice) IV
++o.:
Carcinus, Athenian commander II :.:
Cardamyle, place in Chios VIII :.
Caria, region of Asia Minor I , 8.+, ++.+;
II ., .+; III +.:; VIII j.j, .
see also Caunus, Halicarnassus, Iasus, Myus
Carteria, harbour in Phocaea (coastal Asia
Minor) VIII +o+.:
Carthage, coastal city in North Africa I +.;
VI :., +j.:, .:, 88., qo.z; VII jo.:
Caryae, place in Laconia V jj.
Carystus, city in Euboea I 8.; IV :.+,
.; VII jy.; VIII .
Casmenae, city in Sicily VI j.:
Catana, city in Sicily
early history VI .
eruption damage III ++.+
as Athenian ally and base V .; VI :o.,
jo.j+., 6z.6., y+.+y:.+, y.+,
yj.:, 88.j, .+, y.+, 8.+; VII +.:, :.,
.:, jy.++, o.:, 8o.:, 8j.
Caulonia, place in southern Italy VII :j.:
Caunus, coastal town in Caria (Asia Minor) I
++.; VIII ., +.+, jy.+, +o8.+
Cecrops, legendary king of Attica II +j.+
Cecryphalia, island off Aegina I +oj.+
Cenaeum, headland in Euboea III .+
Cenchreae, port on Corinthian isthmus IV
:., .; VIII +o.+, :o.+, :.+, :.j
Centoripa, town in Sicily VI .; VII :.+
Ceos, Aegean island VII jy.
Cephallenia, island in western Greece I :y.:;
II y., o.:, ., 8o.+; III .+, j.:; V
j.y, j.; VII +.:, jy.y
Cerameicus, district of Athens VI jy.+, j8.+
Cercina, mountain in Macedonia II 8.+
Cerdylium, hill near Amphipolis V ., 8.+,
+o.:
Ceryces, Athenian family VIII j.:
Cestrine, region in north-west I .
Chaereas, Athenian political leader VIII
y.+, 8.
speech VIII y. (reported)
Chaeronea, city in Boeotia I ++.+; IV y.,
8.:
Chalce, island off Rhodes VIII +., ., jj.+,
o.
Chalcideus, Spartan commander VIII .j, 8.:,
++., +:., 1.11y., +.:, :.+:j.:,
:8.+, :.:, .:, ., j.+
Chalcidice, region in north-east I :.,
j.:; II j8.+, yo., yq.1y, j.+,
+o+.+; IV y; V 8o.:, 8:.+, 8.; VI y.,
+o.j
Brasidas expedition IV y.+:, 8+.+88.:,
+o.+, ++o.+++., +:.+:.+
Cleons expedition V :.+., ., +o.+o
and terms of Peace of Nicias V +8.j8, :+.:,
:.:, o.:, j.
see also Acanthus, Olynthus, Pallene,
Potidaea, Sane, Scione, Torone
Chalcis (+), city in Euboea I +j., +o8.j; II
8.; III 8.:; IV :j.y, 61.z, .; VI
.+j.+, y.:, y.:; VII jy.; VIII j.
Chalcis (:), place in Aetolia I +o8.j; II 8.
Chaleians, a people in Ozolian Locris III +o+.:
Chaonians, barbarian tribe in north-west II
8., 8o.j, 8+.
Index of names
Charadrus, watercourse outside Argos V o.
Charicles, Athenian general VII :o.+, :.+
Charminus, Athenian general VIII o.+,
+., :.:, y.
Charoeades, Athenian general III 8.+, o.:
Charybdis, strait between Sicily and Italy IV
:.j
Cheimerium, place in Thesprotia (north-east
Greece) I o., ., 8.+
Chersonese (+), peninsula above Hellespont I
++.+; VIII :., , +o:.+, +o.:+oy.+;
see also Sestos
Chersonese (:), place on Corinthian isthmus
IV :.:, .:
Chios, eastern Aegean island
ally of Athens, providing ships I ++.+:,
++y.:; II j.:; III :.; IV +.:, +:.:; V
8.+; VI ; VII :o.:
status in Athenian empire I +; II .; III
+o.j; IV j+; VI 8j.:; VII jy.
revolt and war against Athens VIII j.,
.+:o.+, ::.+:j.+, :8.+j, o.+,
8.++.+, jj.:j.+, o.+.,
.+.:, +o+.+, +o.
slave population VIII o.:
wealth of VIII :., j.
speech by representatives VIII o
(reported)
Choerades, islands off Tarentum (southern
Italy) VII .
Chromon, Messenian guide III 8.+
Chrysippus, half-brother of Atreus I .:
Chrysis, priestess at Argos II :.+; IV +.:
Cilicia, region of southern Asia Minor I ++:.
Cimon, Athenian general I 8.+, +oo.+, +o:.+,
++:.:
Cithaeron, mountain in Boeotia II yj.:; III
:.+
Citium, city in Cyprus I ++:.
Clarus, city in Ionia III .+
Clazomenae, city in Ionia VIII +., +.+,
::.+, :., +.:
Clearchus, Peloponnesian commander VIII
8.:, .:, 8o.+
Clearidas, Spartan commander IV +:.; V
.j, 8., q.y1o.1z, :+.+, .+
Cleppides, Athenian general III .:
Cleoboulus, Spartan ephor V .+:, y.+,
8.
Cleomedes, Athenian general V 8.
Cleomenes (+), Spartan king I +:.+:
Cleomenes (:), Spartan commander III :.:
Cleon, Athenian politician and general
character and reputation III .; IV :+.; V
y.+, +o., +.+
and Mytilene (:y) III jo.+, 6.61
and Pylos (:j) IV z1.zz.z, :y..
in the north-east (:::) IV +::.; V
:.+., .+y.j, 1o.1q, +.+
speeches III yo; IV :+.::.: (reported),
:y.:8. (reported)
Cleonae (+), place near Argos (Peloponnese) V
y.:, y:., y.; VI j.+
Cleonae (:), city in Chalcidice IV +o.
Cleopompus, Athenian general II :.+, j8.+
Cnemus, Spartan admiral II .:, 8o.:, 8+.,
8:8j., .+
speech (with other commanders) II 8y.+
Cnidus, peninsula in southern Asia Minor III
88.:; VIII j.+, +., :., .:, +o
Colonae, place in the Troad (south of
Hellespont) I ++.+
Colonus, district outside Athens VIII y.:
Colophon, place in Ionia III .+
Conon, Athenian commander VII +.j
Copaeans, a people by Lake Copas in Boeotia
IV .
Corcyra, island in north-west
early history and strategic position I +.,
+.:, :j., :.j, .:, y.:, .,
8., +:.:, +.+; VII jy.y
temples and sanctuaries at I :.; III yo.,
yj., y.+, 8+.:
dispute with Corinth over Epidamnus
(j) I z; III yo.+; VII jy.y
as allies giving support to Athens I
.+j.; II y., ., :j.+; III yo.+,
.+; VII +.j, jy.y
civil disturbances at (:y:j) III yo8; IV
:..+, 68
role in Sicilian conict VI o.+, :.:, .,
:.+.+; VII :., +.+, +.j, jy.y
speeches by representatives of I z6.
Corinth, city on isthmus between Peloponnese
and mainland Greece
early history (to j) I 1.z, :.:, :j.:,
+.:, +oj+o, +o8.j, ++.+; IV :.:; VI
.:
y
Index of names
Corinth (cont.)
colonies of I :.: (Apollonia), I
:.::j. and VII jy.y (Corcyra); I o.:
(Leucas), j.: (Potidaea); II o.+
(Sollium), 8o. (Ambracia); VI .:
(Syracuse)
dispute with Corcyra over Epidaurus
(j) I :jj; VII jy.y
hostility to Athens and a call to war I
jj.:jy.:, 6y.yz.1, +o., +++:j.+
role in Potidaea rebellion (:) I jy.:,
j8.+, o.+:,
role in the rst phase of the war (+:+, up
to Peace of Nicias) II ., o.+, .+,
.+, 8o., 8.+8.j, o.+, .; III
yo.+:, y:.:, ++.; IV :j, , yo.+,
+oo.+
response to truce of : and treaty of :+
IV ++.:; V +y.:, ::.+, :j.+, j.
role in Peloponnesian disputes involving
Argos (:++) V :y.:, o.+:.y,
8, 8.:, jo.j, j:.:, jy.:o.,
., yj.:, 8.+, ++j.
role in Sicilian conict (+j+) VI 88.y+o,
.:, +o.+; VII :.+, .y, y.+,
+y.:+8.+, +., +.+, +., .:8, j8.,
yo.+; VIII +
role in war in Asia Minor (+++) VIII .+,
8.:.:, +o., ++.:, :.+, 8.:, +o.
speeches by Corinthians I y, j.:,
8y+, 1zoz; V :y.: (reported), o.:
(reported), jj.+
see also Isthmus, Peloponnesians, synopsis
of contents
Coronea, battle site in Boeotia I ++.:; III :.,
y.; IV :.
Coronta, place in Acarnania II +o:.+
Corycus, place (and a mountain) in coastal
Ionia VIII +.+, .:,
Coryphasium, Spartan name for Pylos IV .:,
++8.; V +8.y
Cos, island in eastern Aegean VIII +.:,
., jj.+, +o8.:
Cos Meropis, main town on Cos VIII +.:
Cotyrta, place in Laconia (Peloponnese) IV
j.+
Cranii, city on Cephallenia (island in western
Greece) II o.:, .; V j.y, j.
Crannon, place in Thessaly II ::.
Crataemenes, founder of Cumae (Italy) from
Chalcis (Euboea) VI .j
Crenae (Springs), place in Amphilochia III
+oj.:
Crestonia see Grestonia
Cretan Sea IV j.; V ++o.+
Crete, island in Mediterranean II .,
8j.j8.+; III .:; VI ., :j.:, ; VII
jy.; VIII .
Crisaean Gulf (Corinthian Gulf) I +oy.; II
.+, 88, 8., 8.8.+; IV y.
Crocyleium, place in Aetolia III .:
Croesus, king of Lydia I +
Crommyon, town in Corinthian territory IV
:., ., j.+
Cropia, place in Attica II +
Croton, town in southern Italy VII .+:
Crousis, region in Chalcidice II y.
Cumae, coastal town in Italy VI .j
Cyclades, group of Aegean islands I , 8.; II
.
Cyclopes, legendary aboriginals of Sicily VI
:.+
Cydonia, city in Crete II 8j.
Cyllene, port of Elis (Peloponnese) I o.:; II
8.j, 8.+; III .+, y; VI 88.
Cylon, gure in Athenian prehistory I
+:.+o
Cyme, city in Aeolis (Asia Minor) III +.+;
VIII ::.+, +., +oo., +o+.:
Cynes, Acarnanian leader II +o:.+
Cynossema, promontory in Chersonese VIII
+o.j+o.
Cynouria, region in Peloponnese IV j.:; V
+., +.:
Cyprus, island in Mediterranean I .:, +o.:,
++:.:, +:8.j
Cypsela, fort in Parrhasia (Peloponnese) V
.+:
Cyrene, city in North Africa I ++o.+; VII jo.:
Cyrrhus, place in Macedonia II +oo.
Cyrus (+), king of Persia I +., +.+
Cyrus (:), son of Darius (:) II j.+:
Cythera, island south of Peloponnese IV
j.+jy.; V +., +8.y; VII :.:, jy.
Cytinium, city in Doris (central Greece) I
+oy.:; III j.+, +o:.+
Cyzicus, city in Asia east of Hellespont VIII
.+, .+, +oy.+
8
Index of names
Damagon, Spartan co-founder of Heracleia
(Trachis) III :.j
Danaans, Homeric name for Greeks I .
Danube, river see Istrus
Daphnus, place near Clazomenae (Asia Minor)
VIII :., +.:
Dardanus, place on Asian shore of Hellespont
VIII +o.:
Darius (+), king of Persia (j::8) I +.:,
+.+; IV +o:.:; VI j.
Darius (:), king of Persia (:o) VIII
j..+, +y., +8.+, :8., y.+j,
j8.+y
Dascon (+), founder of Syracuse VI j.
Dascon (:), location of a fort near Syracuse VI
.:
Dascylium, town and Persian satrapy in Asia I
+:.+
Daulis, place in Phocis, associated with
nightingale II :
Deceleia, place in Attica VI +.y, .:; VII
+8.+, 1q.1, :o.+, zy.z8., :.:; VIII
.+, yo.:y+., 8.+, j.:
Deiniadas, Spartan commander VIII ::.+
Delium, place in Tanagra (central Greece) and
site of battle (::) IV y.j,
qo.11o1.; V +.+, +j.:
Delos, Aegean island I 8.+, .:; II 8.; III
:.+, 1o.16; V +.+, :.+: VIII yy, 8o.,
8.+, +o8.
Delphi, religious centre, central Greece I
++:.j, +:+., +:.:, +.+; III jy.:, +o+.+;
IV ++8.+, +.+; V +8.:, :.+
consultations and responses I :j.+:, :8.:,
+o.:, ++8., +:.+, +:., +.; II
+y.+:, j.:j; III :.j; V +.:
Delphinium, place on Chios VIII , 8.:,
o.
Demaratus, Athenian commander VI +oj.:
Demarchus, Syracusan commander
VIII 8j.
Demodocus, Athenian general IV yj.+
Demosthenes, Athenian general
campaigns in Aetolia, Ambracia and
western Greece (::j) III +.+,
.+8.j, +o:.j, +oj.,
1oy.111.z
at Pylos (:j) IV :.j.:, 8.+.,
zq.1q.
in central Greece and Peloponnese (:+8)
IV ., y.:y., y.+yy.:, 8.+,
+o+.; V +.:, :.+, 8o.
role in Sicilian expedition VII +.:+y.+,
:o.+:, :.+, +.+j, ., j.+:,
:.+., ., y:., yj.+, y8.186.
speeches IV +o; VII y (reported
exchanges), y8.+
Demoteles, Messinian general IV :j.++
Dercylidas, Spartan commander VIII +.+,
:.+
Derdas, Macedonian leader I jy., j.:
Dersaeans, Thracian tribe II +o+.
Dians, Thracian tribe II .:, 8.; VII
:y.+:, zqo
Diasia, Athenian festival of Zeus I +:.
Didyme, one of the Aeolian islands III 88.:
Diemporus, Theban leader II :.+
Diitrephes, Athenian commander VII :.+j;
VIII .:
Diodotus, Athenian politician III +.+
speech III :8
Diomedon, Athenian general VIII +.:, :o.:,
:.+, :., :.:, j., jj.+, y.j
Diomilus, Andrian commander of Syracusan
force VI ., y.
Dionysus, Greek god II +j.; III 8+.j; V :o.+,
:.; VIII .+.+
Dioscuri, Greek gods III yj.; IV ++o.+; VIII
.+
Dios Hieron, place in Ionia VIII +.:
Diotimus, Athenian general I j.:
Diphilus, Athenian commander VII .
Dium (+), place in Macedonia IV y8.
Dium (:), city on Acte peninsula (Chalcidice)
IV o+.j; V j.+, 8:.+
Doberus, place in Paeonia (Thrace) II
8.:+oo.
Dolopia, region of central Greece I 8.:; II
+o:.:; V j+.+:
Dorcis, Spartan commander I j.
Dorians, ethnic term I +:., +8.+, :.:; II .,
j.:; IV :., .; V j.:; VI .; VII
., jy.:, jy.y, j8.
Dorian dialect III ++:.; IV ., +.:; VI j.+
Dorian enmity with Ionians I +o:., +:.+;
II 8.:, :.; IV +.:; V .+; VI yy.+, 8o.,
8:.:; VII j., jy.y, .; VIII :j.j
see also Sparta
Index of names
Dorieus, Peloponnesian commander III.8;
VIII j.+, 8.:
Doris, region of central Greece I +oy.:; III
:., j.+, +o:.+
Dorus, Thessalian guide IV y8.+
Drabescus, place in Edonia (Thrace) I +oo.;
IV +o:.:
Droans, Thracian tribe II +o+.
Drymoussa, island off Clazomenae (Ionia)
VIII +.
Dryopians, a people in Euboea VII jy.
Dryoscephalae (Oakheads), place in Boeotia
III :.+
Dyme, place in Achaea II 8.
Earth (deity), see Ge
Eccritus, Spartan commander VII +.
Echecratides, king of Thessaly I +++.+
Echinades, islands off Oeniadae (Acarnania) II
+o:.
Edonia, region of Thrace I +oo.; II .; IV
+o:.:, +oy., +o.; V .
E etioneia, entrance to Peiraeus (port of
Athens) VIII o:
Egesta, city in Sicily VI :., .:, 8.+8,
+, +.+, :+.+, y.+, .j, y8,
:.+, 88., 8.+; VII jy.++
Egypt I +o.+:, +oj., +o.+, ++o.:,
++:., +o.+; II 8.+; IV j.
Eidomene, place in Macedonia II +oo.
Eon (+), place subject to Athens at mouth of
Strymon in Thrace I 8.+; IV jo.+, +o:.,
+o.j, 1o6.1oy.z; V .+, +o.
Eon (:), colony of Mende in Thrace (location
unknown) IV y
Elaea, district of Thesprotis (western Greece)
I .
Elaeus, city in Chersonese VIII +o:.++o.,
+oy.:
Eleusinium, temple in Athens II +y.+
Eleusis, place in Attica I ++.:; II +j.+, +.+,
:o., :+.+; IV 8.j
Elimiotes, tribe in Macedonia II .:
Elis, area (and city) in Peloponnese
ally of Corinth and Sparta (j:y) I :y.:,
o.:, .+; II ., :j., 8.j;
III :.:o
dissent from Peace of Nicias and alliances
with Argos and others (::/++8/+y) V
+y.:, +.+j, .+, y.:, 8, , jo.,
j8.+, +.+, :.+:, yj.j, y8
speech by an Elean III o
see also Lepreum, Pheia
Ellomenum, place on Leucas (island in
western Greece) III .+
Elymians, Trojan settlers in Sicily VI :.,
:.
Embatum, town in Ionia III :.:, :.+
Endius, Spartan ephor V ., .+; VIII 6.,
+:.+, +y.:
Enipeus, river in Thessaly IV y8.
Enneacrounos (Nine Fountains), spring in
Athens II +j.j
Entimus, Cretan co-founder of Gela (Sicily)
VI .
Enyalius, sanctuary (of Ares) near Megara IV
y.:
Eordia, region of Macedonia II .j
Ephesus, city in Ionia I +y.:; III :.:.+,
+o.; IV jo.; VIII +., +o
Ephyre, place in Thesprotis (western Greece)
I .
Epicles, Spartan commander VIII +oy.:
Epicydidas, Spartan commander V +:.+
Epidamnus, city in Illyria (north-west
mainland) I z.1zq., .+:, 8.j.:,
+; III yo.+
Epidaurus, city in Peloponnese I :y.:, +oj.+,
++.+; II j.; IV j.:; V :.:, .1y.1,
j8., yj., yy.:, yy., 8o.; VI +.:;
VII .:, :., .:
Epidaurus Limera, place in Laconia (southern
Peloponnese) IV j.:; VI +oj.:; VII +8.,
:.:
Epipolae, heights above Syracuse VI yj.+,
.+:, y.:, 8.:, .+, +o+.+,
+o:.+, +o.+; VII z.y.1, ++.,
:.y.
Epitadas, Spartan commander IV 8., +.:,
.+, 8.+, .:
Erasinides, Corinthian commander VII y.+
Erechtheus, legendary king of Athens II +j.+
Eresus, city on Lesbos III +8.+, j.+; VIII
:.:, +oo.j, +o.:
Eretria, city on Euboea I +j.; IV +:.+; VII
jy.; VIII o.+:, j.:
Erineum, town in Doris (central Greece) I
+oy.:
jo
Index of names
Erineus (+) bay in Achaea (northern
Peloponnese) VII .+
Erineus (:), river in Sicily VII 8o., 8.+
Erythrae (+), coastal town in Ionia III :.:,
:.+, .:; VIII j..:, +.:, +.+, :.:,
:8.j, :.:.
Erythrae (:), place in Boeotia III :.:
Eryx, city in Sicily VI :., .
Eteonicus, Spartan commander VIII :.
Ethiopia, country in Africa, south of Egypt II
8.+
Etruria/Etruscans see Tyrrhenia
Eualas, Spartan commander VIII ::.+
Euboea, island off north-east coast of Attica
and Boeotia
relations with Athens up to outbreak of war
(+) I 8., ++.:, ++.+, ++.
relations with Athens during war (++)
II +, :.+, :; III .j, 8.:, :., .+; VI
.+, .j, j.+, y.:; VII :8.+, jy.
revolt from Athens (+++) VIII +., j.+,
y.:, 8., q.1q6., +o.j, +oy.:
see also Carystus, Chalcis, Eretria
Euboulus, Chian commander VIII :.
Eucleides, co-founder of Himera (Sicily) VI
j.+
Eucles (+), Athenian general IV +o., +o.:
Eucles (:), Syracusan general VI +o.
Euctemon, Athenian general VIII o.+:
Euesperides, city in north Africa VII jo.:
Euetion, Athenian general VII
Eumachus, Corinthian commander II .+
Eumenides, the Furies I +:.++
Eumolpidae, Athenian family VIII j.:
Eumolpus, legendary leader of Eleusinians II
+j.+
Eupalium, place in Ozolian Locris (north coast
of Corinthian Gulf) III .:, +o:.+
Euphamidas, Corinthian commander II .+;
IV ++.:; V jj.+
speech V jj.+ (reported)
Euphemus, Athenian envoy VI yj., 8+88.+
speech VI 8:8y
Eupompides, Plataean general III :o.+
Euripus, strait between Euboea and mainland
VII :.+:, o.+
Europe, mainland Greece and the whole land
mass behind it I 8.:; II y.j
Europus, place in Macedonia II +oo.
Eurybatus, Corcyraean commander I y.+
Euryelus, hill outside Syracuse VI y.:; VII
:., .
Eurylochus, Spartan commander III
+oo.:+o:.y, +oj.++o.+
Eurymachus, Theban leader II :., j.y
Eurymedon (+), Athenian general
military expeditions in Greece (:y,
Corcyra) III 8o.:, 8+., 8j.+; (:,
Tanagra) III +.; (:j, Corcrya) IV
.+:, y.:
expedition to Sicily (:/j:) III ++j.j;
IV :.:, .+, 8.j, j.; VI +.+
expedition to Sicily (+/++) VII +.:,
+., +.j, ., j.+:, :.+, .:,
., j:.:
Eurymedon (:), river in Pamphylia (Asia
Minor), Battle of I +oo.+
Eurystheus, nephew of Atreus I .:
Eurytanians, Aetolian tribe III .j, +oo.+
Eustrophus, Argive envoy V o.
Euthydemus, Athenian commander V +.:,
:.+; VII +.+, .
Euxine Sea (or Pontus), the Black Sea II .+,
y.+, y.j; III :.:; IV yj.+
Evarchus (+), founder of Catana (Sicily) VI .
Evarchus (:), tyrant of Astacus (Acarnania) II
o.+, .+
Evenus, river in Aetolia II 8.
Galepsus, town in Thrace IV +oy.; V .+
Gaulites, Carian messenger VIII 8j.:
Ge (Earth), a deity II +j.
Gela, city in Sicily IV j8.+; V .; VI ., j.,
y.:; VII +.j, .+, jy., j8.+, 8o.:
Gelas, river in Sicily VI .
Gelon, tyrant of Syracuse VI .:, j., .+
Geraestus, cape at east end of Euboea III .j
Geraneia, high ground near Megara I +oj.,
+oy., +o8.:; IV yo.+
Getae, Thracian tribe II .+, 8.
Gigonus, place in Chalcidice I +.
Glauce, promontory at Mycale (opposite
Samos) VIII y.:
Glaucon, Athenian commander I j+.
Goaxis, an Edonian (Thrace) IV +oy.
Gongylus (+), an Eretrian (Euboea) I +:8.
Gongylus (:), Corinthian commander VII :.+
Gortynia, place in Macedonia II +oo.
j+
Index of names
Gortys, city in Crete II 8j.j
Graea, place in Oropus (on borders of Boeotia
and Attica) II :.; III +.
Great Harbour, Syracuse VI jo.j, .+,
+o+., +o:.; VII :., .:, :::,
6.1., j., :., yo.+8, y+.+y
Greece (Hellas)
early history (up to start of Persian Wars,
o) I z.118.1
Persian Wars and aftermath I +8, y.+, 8.:,
+o:., +o.+, +:.:; II .; III j.j8.j,
:.+.j
after Persian Wars (y to :) I 8..,
yj.+, 8:.+, 888.:, .+j.:, .:,
++o.+, +:.+, +:8., +., +o., +.+
attitudes to combatants and other
generalisations (+++) II 8.+j, ++.:,
+:., +.+, +o+.:; III jy.+; IV +8.+, :o.:,
o.+, +o8.:; V yj.; VI +.:, +y.j;
VII :8., j.:; VIII :.+, :8.j
conventions and laws I +.+, 8., yy.,
+:.+:; III .+, j.:, j8., j.+:, y.;
IV y8.:, y.:, 8.:8
see also barbarians, medism, Persia
Grestonia, region of Macedonia II ., +oo.;
IV +o.
Gylippus, Spartan commander
appointment and arrival in Sicily (+) VI
.:, +o.+; VII +:
rst phase of battle for Syracuse, mixed
fortunes (+) VII ++.:, +:.+
major engagements and defeat of Athenians
VII :+.+:., y.+, ., .+, jo.+,
j.+, 6.16q.1
Athenian retreat VII 8+.+, 8z.186.; VIII
+.+
speeches VII j. (reported), 88
Gyrton, place in Thessaly II ::.
Gytheion, Spartan dockyard (Gulf of Laconia)
I +o8.j
Habronichus, Athenian envoy I +.
Haemus, mountain in Thrace II .+
Hagnon, Athenian general I ++y.:; II j8.+,
j.; IV +o:.; V 11.1, +.:, :.+; VI +.:
Halex, river in southern Italy III
Haliartus, place in Boeotia IV .
Halicarnassus, city in Caria (Asia Minor) VIII
:., +o8.:
Halieis, city on the coast of the Peloponnese I
+oj.+; II j.j; IV j.:
Halys, river in Asia (the boundary between
Lydian and Median empires) I +.+
Hamaxitus, coastal town in Asia Minor north
of Lesbos VIII +o+.
Harmatus, coastal town in Asia Minor VIII
+o+.
Harmodius, Athenian, assassin of Hipparchus
I :o.:; VI j.j., j.+j.+
Harpagium, coastal town south of
Hellespont/Propontis VIII +oy.+
Harpine, place near Olympia (Peloponnese) V
jo.
Hebrus, river in Thrace II .
Hegesander, Thespian commander (Boeotia)
VII +.
Helen of Troy I .+
Helixus, Megarian general VIII 8o.
Hellanicus, historian I y.:
Hellas/Hellenes, see under Greece/Greeks
(for which they were the original
names)
Hellen, legendary son of Deucalion I .:
Hellenic Sea, see under Aegean Sea (for which
it was the earlier name)
Hellespont, strait from Aegean to Propontis
role in Ionian revolt from Persia (y/8) I
8.:
Pausanias in I +:8.
as part of Athenian empire II .
as theatre of war (+/+:++) VIII .:, 8.:,
::.+, :.j, .:, +.+, :.+, y.j,
8o., 8., ., qq1o8
Helorum Road, connecting Syracuse with
Helorum (to its south) VI ., yo.; VII
8o.j
Helus, town in Laconia IV j.
Hephaestus, Greek god III 88.
Hera, Greek goddess; I :.y; III 8., yj.j,
y.+, 8+.:; IV +.:; V yj.; see also
Heraeum
Heracleia (+), place in Trachis (north-east
Greece) III qz.1q.z, +oo.:; IV y8.+; V
+:.+:, j+.+j:.+
Heracleia (:), town on southern coast of
Pontus (Black Sea) IV yj.:
Heracleidae, sons of Heracles I .:, +:., :.:;
VI .:
j:
Index of names
Heracleides, Syracusan general VI y.+,
+o.
Heracles, legendary Greek hero V .j, .+;
VII y.:
Heraea, place in Arcadia (Peloponnese) V y.+
Heraeum, promontory at Epidaurus
(Peloponnese) V yj.
Hermaeondas, Theban envoy III j.:
Hermes, Greek god: statues of him (Herms)
VI zy.1z8.z, j.+:; temple of VII
:.
Hermione, city on coast of Peloponnese I :y.:,
+:8., ++.+; II j.j; VIII .:, .+
Hermocrates, Syracusan leader IV j8j.+; VI
:.j.+, yz.zy.1, yj.8+, .:; VII
:+.j, y.+; VIII :.+, :.:, j.,
8j.:
speeches IV j; VI , y:.:j
(reported), y8o
Hermon, Athenian guard commander VIII
:.j
Hesiod, poet III .+
Hessians, a people of Ozolian Locris III +o+.:
Hestiaea, city in Euboea; I ++.; VII jy.:; see
also Oreus (later name for same place)
Hestiodorus, Athenian general II yo.+
Hiera, one of the Aeolian islands III 88.:
Hiereans, a Malian tribe (north-east Greece)
III :.:
Hierophon, Athenian general III +oj.
Himera, city in Sicily III ++j.+; VI j.+, :.:;
VII +.+j, j8.:
Himeraeum, Athenian base near Amphipolis
VII
Hippagretas, Spartan commander IV 8.+
Hipparchus, son of Peisistratus I :o.:; VI
.zq.
Hippias (+), tyrant of Athens I :o.:; VI
jj
Hippias (:), Arcadian commander III .
Hippocles, Athenian commander +
Hippocrates (+), Athenian commander IV
., y.+, y.:, yy.+, 8.+o.,
q.zq6.1, +o+.:
speech IV j
Hippocrates (:), tyrant of Gela (Sicily) VI
j.
Hippocrates (), Spartan commander VIII
j.+, , +oy.:
Hippolochidas, Thessalian guide IV y8.+
Hipponicus, Athenian general III +.
Hipponium, place in southern Italy V j.
Hipponodas, Spartan commander V
y+.y:.+
Homer, epic poet I ., ., +o.; II +.; III
+o.
Hyaeans, a people of Ozolian Locris III
+o+.:
Hybla, town in Sicily VI :.j, .:, .
Hyblon, Sicel king VI .+
Hyccara, town in Sicily VI :.; VII +.:
Hylias, river in southern Italy VII j.:
Hyllaic harbour, Corcyra III y:., 8+.:
Hyperbolus, Athenian popular leader
VIII y.
Hysiae (+), place near Plataea (Boeotia)
III :.:
Hysiae (:), city in territory of Argos V 8.:
Ialysus, city in Rhodes VIII .:
Iapygia, promontory in southern Italy VI o.+,
., .:; VII ., jy.++
Iasus, town in Caria (Asia Minor) VIII :8.:,
:.+, .+; Gulf of, VIII :.:
Iberia, south-western peninsula of Europe VI
:.:, o.
Icarus, Aegean island III :.+; VIII
Ichthys (Fish Point), promontory off Pheia
(Peloponnese) II :j.
Ida, mountain in Asia north of Antandrus IV
j:.; VIII +o8.
Idacus, place on southern coast of Chersonese
VIII +o.:
Idomene, place in Amphilochia
(north-western Greece) III ++:.+++.
Ietae, Sicel fort (near Syracuse) VII :.
Illyrians, region in north-west I :.+, :.; IV
+:j.+:
Imbros, Aegean island III j.+; IV :8.; V 8.:;
VII jy.:; VIII +o:.:, +o.
Inaros, king of Libyans I +o.+, ++o.
Inessa, Sicel town (Sicily) III +o.+; VI .
Iolaus, Macedonian general I :.:
Ionia, region of Asia Minor
early history and relationship with Athens
up to outbreak of war (+) I :., .,
+:., +., +.+, 8.:, j.+, +y.:; II .,
+j.; III +o.; VI .j, y.:
j
Index of names
Ionia, region of Asia Minor (cont.)
role in the war up to end of Sicilian
expedition (++) III +.+, .:, 8.,
:.j; VII jy.:
as theatre of operations in the east (+++)
VIII .:, :j., +.:, j., 8., .
Ionian ethnic enmity with Dorians I +o:.,
+:.+; III 8., :.j; IV +.:; V .+; VI
yy.+, 8:.:; VII jy.:, jy., .; VIII
:j.j
see also Clazomenae, Colophon, Dorians,
Ephesus, Erythrae, Miletus, Mycale,
Polichna, Teos
Ionian Gulf (the modern Adriatic Sea) I :.+;
II y.j; VI +.+, o.+, ., .+, +o.+;
VII ., jy.+o
Ipneans, a people from Ozolian Locris III
+o+.:
Isarchidas, Corinthian commander I :.:
Ischagoras, Spartan commander IV +:.:; V
+.:, :+.+, :.+
Isocrates, Corinthian commander II 8.
Isthmus
Corinthian I +.j, +o8.:; II .:, +o.:, +.+,
+8; III +j.+, +.+, +8.+, 8.+; IV :.:; V
+8.+o; VI +.:; VIII y, 8.
other: Leucas III 8+.+, .+:; IV 8.:;
Methana IV j.:; Miletus VIII :j.j;
Potidaea I :.+, .+; IV +:o.;
Thapsus VI y.+:; Torone IV ++.:
Istone, mountain in Corcyra III 8j.; IV :.,
.+:
Istrus, river (the Danube) II .+, y.+
Italus, king of the Sicels VI :.
Italy (mainland Italy, excluding Sicily)
history and afliations with Athens I +:.,
., .; II y.:; III 8.:; V .+, j.+; VI
:.; VIII +.:
strategic importance and role in Sicilian
expedition VI .+, :.:, .:, o.+, +.,
+o.:, +o.+; VII +., ., j.:,
jy.++
see also Croton, Cumae, Iapygia, Locri,
Metapontium, Rhegium, Tarentum,
Thurii
Itamenes, Persian leader III .+
Ithome, mountain in Messenia (Peloponnese) I
+o+.+o.:; III j.j
Itys, child of Tereus and Procne II :.
Labdalum, Athenian fort at Syracuse VI y.j,
8.:; VII .
Lacedaemonius, Athenian general I j.:
Laches, Athenian general III 8.+, o.:,
+o., ++j.:; IV ++8.++; V +.:, :.+,
+.+, y.; VI +.+, .:, yj.
Lacon, Plataean spokesman III j:.; speech III
jj
Laconia, region of Peloponnese
Athenian attacks on II :j.+; III y.:; IV .+,
+:., j.:, j.; VI :.:, +.+, +oj.:;
VII +8., :o.:; VIII .+
Spartan military use of IV +.+; V j.y; VIII
+.j
specic locations: Antheme V +.:;
Aphrodisia IV j.+; Asine IV j.;
Cotyrta IV j.+; Epidaurus Limera VI
+oj.:; Helus IV j.; Las VIII +.+;
Methone II :j.+; Prasiae II j.j; VI
+oj.:; VII +8.; Taenarum VII +.;
Thyrea II :y.:; IV j.:, jy.
Ladaeans, Paeonian tribe (Thrace) II ., y.:
Lade, island by Miletus VIII +y., :.+
Laespodias, Athenian general VI +oj.:; VIII
8.
Laestrygonians, legendary original inhabitants
of Sicily VI :.+
Lamachus, Athenian general IV yj.+:; V
+.:, :.+; VI 8.:, q.1o.1, +o+., +o.
speech IV .+
Lamis, Megarian founder of Sicilian colonies
VI .+
Lampsacus, city on Hellespont I +8.j; VI
j.; VIII :.+:
Laodocium, place in Oresthis (Central Greece)
IV +.+:
Larisa (+), city in Thessaly II ::.; IV y8.:
Larisa (:), town on coast of Asia Minor
(Troad) VIII +o+.
Las, harbour in Laconia (Peloponnese) VIII
+.:, :.
Laureium, silver mines in Attica II jj.+; VI
+.y
Learchus, Athenian envoy II y.:
Lebedus, city in Ionia VIII +.
Lectum, promontory in Asia Minor (Troad,
opposite Lesbos) VIII +o+.
Lecythus, headland off Torone (Chalcidice)
IV ++.:++.:
j
Index of names
Lemnos, Aegean island I ++j.j; II y.; III
j.+; IV :8., +o.; V 8.:; VII jy.:; VIII
+o:.:
Leocoreium, shrine in Athens I :o.:; VI jy.
Leocrates, Athenian general I +oj.:
Leon (+), Spartan colonist and envoy III :.j;
V ..
Leon (:), Athenian signatory of Peace of
Nicias V +.:, :.+
Leon (), Athenian general VIII :.+, :.+,
j., jj.+, y.
Leon (), Spartan governor of Chios VIII +.:
Leon (j), place on coast near Syracuse VI y.+
Leontini, city in Sicily
foundation and history III 8.; V .:; VI
..+, y.:
dispute with Syracuse and expulsion of its
people III 8.+; IV :j.+o; VI .:, 8.:,
+.+, 8.
expulsion as a continuing pretext for
Athenian expedition to Syracuse VI .:,
., .:8, jo., ., y.:, yy.+, 8.,
8.j
Leotychidas, Spartan king I 8.:
Lepreum, place in Elis (Peloponnese) V
+.:j, .+, jo.:, :.+
Leros, E. Aegean island VIII :.+:y.+
Lesbos, E. Aegean island
status in Athenian empire and support
supplied to Athens I +, ++.+:, ++y.:;
II .j, j.:; V 8.+; VI 8j.:; VII jy.
revolt from Athens (:8:y) III :.+.:,
8.++8.j, :j.+:, :y.+j+.+; IV j:.+
revolt and attempted revolt from Athens
(++:) VIII ::.+:, :.+j, :.+,
+oo.:, +o.:
see also Eresus, Methymna, Mytilene,
Pyrrha
Leucas, W. Aegean island
ally of Corinth and Sparta I :.+, :y.:,
o.:, .+; II .:, 8o.:j, 8.j,
+.::.; III .:; IV :.; VIII +o.
attacked by Athens (:8:) III y.j,
q.1z, j.:
ally of Syracuse (++) VI +o.+; VII y.+,
j8.; VIII +
Leucimme, promontory of Corcyra I o.+,
y.:, j+.; III y., 8o.:
Leuconium, place in Chios VIII :.
Leuctra, place/town in Laconia V j.+
Libya, country in north Africa I +o.+, ++o.+,
++o.; II 8.+; VI :.; VII jo.:
Lichas, Spartan envoy V ::.:, jo., y.; VIII
.:, ., j:, 8.j, 8y.+; speech VIII
.
Ligurians, northern Italian tribe VI :.:
Limnaea, village in Acarnania (western
Greece) II 8o.y; III +o.:
Lindii, acropolis at Gela (Sicily) VI .
Lindus, city in Rhodes VIII .:
Lipara, one of Aeolian islands III 88.:, ++j.+
Locri, Epizephyrian, city in Italy II , +o.,
++j.; IV +.+, :.:, :j.; V j.:; VI
.:; VII +.+:
Locris (+), Opuntian, central Greece, facing
Euboea I +o8., ++.:; II .:, :.:,
:.+; III 8., +.; IV .8; VII .:
Locris (:), Ozolian, mainland Greece (east of
Naupactus) I j., +o.; III j.+, .:,
y.:, , +o+.++o:.+, +o.; V :.:, .
Loryma, place on mainland of Asia Minor
(north of Rhodes) VIII .+
Lycaeum, mountain in Arcadia (Peloponnese)
V +., j.+
Lycia, territory in Asia Minor (south-east of
Caria) II .+:; VIII +.
Lycophron (+), Spartan commissioner II 8j.+
Lycophron (:), Corinthian general IV .+j,
.:
Lyncus, kingdom in Macedonia II .:; IV
y.:, 8.:j, +::8, +:.+
Lysicles, Athenian general III +.+:
Lysimeleia, marsh outside Syracuse VII j.:,
j.+
Lysistratus, Olynthian leader (Chalcidice) IV
++o.:
Macarius, Spartan commander III +oo.:,
+o.+
Macedonia, monarchical empire north of
Greece
Athenian expedition (:) I jy.:.:
in Acarnania conict (:) II 8o.y
Sitalces invades (:/8) j.+, q8.11o1.6
Brasidas in IV y8.+, 8.+, +o.,
+:.++:.:
Athenian attacks (+y/+) V 8.; (+/+j)
VI y.
jj
Index of names
Macedonia (cont.)
see also Almopia, Bottia, Derdas, Grestonia,
Mydonia, Perdiccas, Philip, Pieria
Machaon, Corinthian commander II 8.
Maeander, river in Caria III +.:; VIII j8.+
Maedians, Thracian tribe II 8.:
Maenalia, region of Arcadia (Peloponnese) V
., y.+, yy.+
Magnesia, city in Ionia I +8.j; VIII jo.
Malea (+), headland in Laconia (opposite
Cythera, Peloponnese) IV j.:, j.+; VIII
.
Malea (:), promontory on south-west Lesbos
III ., .j, .:
Malis, region of north-eastern Greece III :.:,
.; IV +oo.+; V j+.+:; VIII .+
Mantinea, city in Arcadia (Peloponnese)
as part of Peloponnesian force in
Amphilochia (:/j) III +oy.+++.,
++.+
conict with Tegeans (:/:) IV
+.+:
alliance with Argos against Sparta (:++y)
V :.+:, .+, y.:, ..:, j.,
y.+, jo., jj.+, j8.+, +.+:.:, y8,
8+.+
Battle of Mantinea (+8) V 6y
support for Athenian expedition to Sicily
(+j/+) VI :., , +.j, y.+, 8.:; VII
jy.
Marathon (Attica), Battle of I +8.+, y.; II
.j; VI j.
Marathoussa, island off Clazomenae (Ionia)
VIII +.
Mareia, town on border of Libya/ Egypt I
+o.+
Massalia (Marseilles) I +.
Mecyberna, city in Chalcidice V +8., .+
Medeon, place in Acarnania (western Greece)
III +o.:
Medes, the people of Media (adjoining Persia)
I +o.:
Medma, place in southern Italy V j.
Megabates, Persian satrap I +:.+
Megabazus, Persian envoy I +o.:
Megabyzus, Persian commander I +o.
Megara, city east of Corinth
ally of Athens against Corinth (jy/) I
+o., +oj., +oy.
ally of Corinth against Corcyra (j) I
:y.:, .+, 8.
origins of enmity with Athens I y., +:.,
+o., +.:
Peloponnesian ally in the war (+:y) II
.:, +.+, .+.; III j+.+, 8.
battle for Megara and aftermath (:/)
IV 66y, y.+, +oo.+, +o.+, ++8.,
++.:
Peloponnesian relationships and treaty
(::+8) V +y.:, ::.+:, +., 8.+,
j8.o.
role in Sicilian conict (+j) VI .+:, ;
VII jy.8
naval support for Sparta (+++) VIII .:,
.+, .+
see also Megarid, Minoa, Nisaea; Theagenes
Megara Hyblaea, city on east coast of Sicily
VI .+:, ., yj.+, .+:, y.j;
VII :j.
Megarid, territory of Megara I +oj., +o8.:; II
+.+; IV y.+
Meidius, river at Hellespont VIII +o.+
Melanchridas, Spartan admiral VIII .j
Melanthus, Spartan commander VIII j.+
Meleas, Spartan envoy III j.:
Melesandrus, Athenian general II .+:
Melesias, Athenian envoy VIII 8.
Melesippus, Spartan envoy I +.; II
+:.+
Meliteia, place in Achaea IV y8.+j
Melos, island in Aegean II .; III +.+; V
8.1116.; VIII ., +.
Memphis, city in Egypt I +o.:, +o.
Menandrus, Athenian commander VII +.+,
.:, .
Menas, Spartan envoy V +.:, :+.+, :.
Mende, city in Chalcidice IV y, +:+.:,
+:.+, 1zq1
Mendesian mouth of Nile, Egypt I ++o.
Menecolus, Syracusan founder of Camarina
VI j.
Menedaus, Spartan commander III +oo.:,
+o.+
Menon, Pharsalian commander (Thessaly) II
::.
Messapia, place in Ozolian Locris (Corinthian
Gulf) III +o+.:
Messapians, tribe in heel of Italy VII .
j
Index of names
Messenia, region in Peloponnese
early history and the helot revolt I
+o+.:+o.; IV .:, +.:
Naupactus Messenians as allies of Athens
in Peloponnese and western Greece
(+:j) II ., :j., o., +o:.+; III
yj.+, 8+.:, y.+:, +oy.+++:.; IV .:,
.+, :.:, .+:, +.:; V j.:
(+) VII +.:, jy.8
Messina, city in Sicily III 88., o.:; IV
1.1, :.+:j.++; V j.+; VI .j, 8,
jo.+, y.+; VII +.:
Metapontum, city on instep of Italy VII
.j, jy.++
Methana, peninsula near Epidamnus
(Peloponnese) II .:
Methone (+), place in Messenia (Peloponnese)
II :j.+
Methone (:), place in Macedonia IV +:.; VI
y.
Methydrium, place in Arcadia (Peloponnese)
V j8.:
Methymna, city in Lesbos III :.+, j.+, +8.:,
jo.:; VI 8j.:; VII jy.j; VIII ::.:, :.,
+oo.:j
Metropolis, place in Amphilochia (north-west)
III +oy.+
Miciades, Corinthian commander I y.+
Miletus, city in Ionia
alliance with Athens I ++j.j++.+; IV :.+,
j.+, j.+, +o:.+; VII jy.
revolt from Athens (+:++) VIII 1y.1,
+.+, ::.:+.+, :.:, .+, .:, .+,
8.j, ., o..:, y8.+, y.+, ,
+o8.o
Mimas, mountain in Ionia (opposite Chios)
VIII .+
Mindarus, Spartan commander VIII 8j.+,
+oo.:, +o+.++o.+
Minoa, island off Megara III j+.+; IV y.+,
++8.
Minos, legendary Cretan king I , 8.:
Minyan, former name of Orchomenus
(Boeotia) IV y.
Molossians, a people from Epirus (north-west)
I +.++y.+; II 8o.
Molycrium, city on Corinthian Gulf (north
shore) II 8., 8.:; III +o:.:
Morgantina, city in Sicily IV j.+
Motya, city in Sicily VI :.
Mounichia, hill at Peiraeus (Athens) III +.y;
VIII :.j, .+
Mycale, coastal town in Ionia (opposite
Samos) I 8.:; (Battle of); VIII y.+
Mycalessus, city in Boeotia VII :.:o.
Mycenae, city in Peloponnese I .+o.j
Myconos, island in Aegean III :.+
Mygdonia, region of Macedonia I j8.:; II .,
+oo.
Mylae, place in territory of Messina (Sicily) III
o.:
Myletidae, founders of Himera (Sicily) VI j.+
Myonessus, place in Ionia III :.+:
Myonians, a people from Ozolian Locris III
+o+.:
Myrcinus, city in Edonia (Thrace) IV +oy.; V
., +o.
Myronides, Athenian general I +oj., +o8.:;
IV j.
Myrrhine, wife of Hippias VI jj.+
Myscon, Syracusan commander VIII 8j.
Mytilene, main city in Lesbos
revolt from Athens (:8:y) III :.+y.+,
8.++j.+, +8.+j, :j.+:8.:, o.+,
.1o.
initiatives by Mytilenaean exiles (:) IV
j:.:, yj.+
further revolt and recapture (+:++) VIII
::.+:., +oo.
speech by representative III +
debate at Athens III y8
see also Lesbos
Myus, place in Caria (Asia Minor) I +8.j; III
+.:
Naucleides, Plataean leader II :.:
Naupactus, city and port in Ozolian Locris
(northern shore of Corinthian Gulf)
Phormio based at and in naval battles off
(:) II .+, 8o., 8+.+, 8.+8.j,
qo.1qz.y, +o:.+, +o
as Athenian base, attacked by Sparta
(:y:) III .:, yj.+, ., +oo.++o:.
as base for the Athenians and Demosthenes
(:j:) IV +.:, .+, y.+, yy.+
Corinthians based at (++) VIII +y.,
+.j, +.j, .+
jy
Index of names
Naupactus (cont.)
see also Messenians (Naupactus
Messenians)
Naxos (+), Aegean island I 8., +y.:
Naxos (:), city in Sicily IV :j.y+o; VI .+,
:o., jo.:, y:.+, y.:, yj.:, 88., 8.+;
VII +.:, jy.++
Nea Polis, Carthaginian trading post (North
Africa) VII jo.:
Nemea (+), sanctuary of Zeus in Ozolian
Locris III .+
Nemea (:), place near Argos (Peloponnese) V
j8.o.
Nericus, place on Leucas (island in
north-west) III y.
Nestus, river in Thrace II .
Nicanor, leader of Chaonians (barbarian tribe
of north-west) II 8o.j
Niciades, Athenian ofcial IV ++8.++
Nicias (+), Athenian statesman and general
life and character V +.+, .; VI +y.+,
:.:.+; VII +.+, :., jo., yy.:; VII
86.z
leads various expeditions (:y:): III
j+.+ (Minoa); +.+ (Melos, Tanagra,
Locris); IV :.+j.: (Corinth,
Crommyon, Methana); j.+jy.
(Cythera); +:.:+. (Mende, Scione)
dispute with Cleon over Pylos expedition
(:j) IV :y.j:8.
role in peace negotiations (::o) V +.+,
+.:, :.+, .:, .+j; VI +o.:; VII 8.
aborted expedition to north-east (+y) V
8.
discussions over Sicilian expedition (+j) VI
8.:+j.+, +.::j.:, .:, y
role in expedition and death in Sicily
(+j+) VI y..+, +o:.:+o.,
+o.; VII +.:, .y, .+, 8.+, 1o16.z,
:.+, 8.:, .+:, 8.+., jo.,
o.jj.+, .:, y:., y., yj.+,
yy8.:, 8o.+
death VII 8z.86.
speeches IV :y.:8. (reported); V .+
(reported); VI +, :o:, :j.:
(reported), 8; VII y (reported
exchanges), +, .: (reported), yy
letter VII +++j
Nicias (:), Cretan leader II 8j.j
Nicolaus, Spartan envoy II y.+
Nicomachus, Phocian informer IV 8.+
Nicomedes, Spartan commander I +oy.:
Nicon, Theban commander VII +.
Niconidas, Larisan leader (Thessaly) IV y.:
Nicostratus, Athenian general III yj.+; IV
j.+, ++.:, +:.:j, +o.:; V +.+, y.
Nile, river in Egypt I +o.:, ++o.
Nine Ways, place in Thrace (later Amphipolis)
I +oo.; IV +o:.
Nisaea, port of Megara
Athenian base at, then relinquished () I
+o., ++.+, ++j.+
Athenian attacks on (+) II +.; (:y) III
j+.
Sparta uses as strategic base (:/8) II
..
Sparta and Athens contest (:::/+) IV
:+., ., 68.y., 8j.y, +oo.+, +o8.j,
++8.; V +y.:
see also Megara, Minoa
Nisus (legendary son of Pandion), shrine at
Nisaea IV ++8.
Notium, port of Colophon (Ionia) III .+
Nymphodorus, Thracian from Abdera II :.+,
:.j
Odomantians, Thracian tribe II +o+.; V .:
Odrysia, Thracian kingdom II :.:, q.1q8.;
IV +o+.j
Odysseus, legendary Homeric hero IV :.j
Oeanthians, a people in Ozolian Locris III
+o+.:
Oeneon, coastal city in Ozolian Locris III j.,
8., +o:.+
Oeniadae, city (and a people) in Acarnania I
++.; II 8:, +o:.:; III y., ++.:; IV yy.:
Oenoe, Athenian fort on Boeotian border II
+8+.+; VIII 8.+
Oenophyta, site of battle in Boeotia I +o8.; IV
j.
Oenoussae, islands opposite Chios VIII :.:
Oesyme, place in Thrace IV +oy.
Oetaeans, a people in Thessaly III :.:; VIII
.+
Olophyxus, city in Chalcidice IV +o.
Olpae, town in Amphilochia (north-west) III
+oj.++o8., ++o.++++.+, ++.+
Olpaeans, a people in Ozolian Locris III +o+.:
j8
Index of names
Olympia, place in western Peloponnese; centre
of festival I +:+., +.+; III 8.11.z; V
+8.+o, +.:, y.+o++, .+jo.j; see also
Olympic games
Olympieium, sanctuary of Zeus near Syracuse
VI .+, j., yo., yj.+; VII ., y.:,
:.
Olympus, mountain in Thessaly IV y8.
Olynthus, city in Chalcidice I j8.:, :.+.;
II y.:j; IV ++o.:, +:.; V ., +8.j,
.+
Oneium, mountain near Corinth IV .
Onomacles, Athenian general VIII :j.+, o.:
Ophioneans, a people in Aetolia III .j, .,
+oo.+
Opicia, region of southern Italy VI :., .j
Opus, place in Opuntian Locris (central
Greece) II :
Orchomenus (+), city in Boeotia I ++.+; III
8y.; IV y., .
Orchomenus (:), city in Arcadia (Peloponnese)
V +.:.+, yy.+
Orestes, son of Thessalian king I +++.+
Orestheium, place in Arcadia (Peloponnese) V
.
Oresthis, region in Arcadia IV +.+
Orestians, barbarian tribe in Epirus II 8o.
Oreus, city in Euboea VIII j.y; see also
Hestiaea
Orneae, place near Argos V y.:, y:., y.; VI
y.+:
Orobiae, place in Euboea III 8.:
Oroedus, king of Parauaeans (northern tribe)
II 8o.
Oropus, territory on Attica/Boeotia border
Athenian subject territory II :.; III
+.; IV +, .y, ; VII :8.+
betrayed to Boeotians (+:/++) VIII o.+:
base for Peloponnesian eet (++) VIIII
j.+
Oscius, river in Thrace II .
Paches, Athenian general III +8.,
z.z.z, ., .jo.+
Paeonia, region of Thrace II ., 8.+,
.
Pagondas, Theban commander IV +.+.+,
.+j
speech IV :
Palaerus, place in Acarnania (western Greece)
II o.+
Pale, city on Cephallenia (island in western
Greece) I :y.:; II o.:
Pallene, peninsula in Chalcidice I j.:, .:;
IV ++.:, +:o.++:+.:, +:.+, +:.+
Pamillus, Megarian founder of Selinus
VI .:
Pamphylia, region of southern Asia Minor I
+oo.+
Panactum, Athenian fort on border of
Atica/Boeotia V .j, +8.y, j.j, .:,
.+o.:, :.+:, .
Panaeans, tribe in northern Thrace
II +o+.
Panaerus, Thessalian guide IV y8.+
Pandion, father of Procne II :.
Pangaeum, mountain in Thrace II .
Panormus (+), place in Achaea (Peloponnese)
II 8.+, :.+
Panormus (:), town in Sicily VI :.
Panormus (), place near Miletus (Ionia) VIII
:.+
Pantacyas, river in Sicily VI .+
Paralians, a people of Malis (north-eastern
Greece) II :.:
Paralus, Athenian state trireme III .+:,
yy.; VIII y.j, y.+, 8.; see also
Salaminia
Parauaeans, barbarian tribe in Epirus
(north-east) II 8o.
Parnassus, mountain in Phocis (central
Greece) II j.+
Parnes, mountain in Attica II :.+;
IV .y
Paros, island in Aegean IV +o.
Parrhasia, district of Arcadia (Peloponnese) V
.+
Pasitelidas, Spartan commander IV +:.; V
.+:
Patmos, island in eastern Aegean III .
Patrae, city in Achaea (Peloponnese) II
8.8.; V j:.:
Pausanias (+), Spartan regent and commander,
father of Pleistoanax I .+.+,
1z8.1.z, +8.; II y+.:y:.+; III j.,
j8.j, 8.+
exchange of letters with Xerxes I +:8.y,
+:.
j
Index of names
Pausanias (:), Spartan king (as minor), son of
Pleistoanax III :.:
Pausanias (), Macedonian leader I +.
Pedaritus, Spartan commander VIII :8.j,
:.:, ., 8., .:, o.+, jj.,
+.:
Pegae, Megarian port on Corinthian Gulf I
+o., +oy., +++.:, ++j.+; IV :+.:, .+,
y.:
Peiraeus, port of Athens I .y, +oy.+, +o8.;
II +.y, +y., 8.:, .+y, .+; V :.+;
VI o.+:.:
attacks threatened (++) VIII +.:, 8:.+:,
8., o.+.+, ., .
see also E etioneia, long walls, Mounichia
Peirasians, a people of Thessaly II ::.
Peisander, Athenian oligarch VIII ,
j.+j., j.+, .+, j.+, y.+, 8.+:,
o.+, 8.+
speech VIII j., y (reported motion
proposed)
Peisistratus (+), tyrant of Athens I :o.:; III
+o.+; VI j.j.
Peisistratus (:), son of Hippias (tyrant) VI
j.y
Peithias, Corcyraean leader III yo.
Pelargicum, Pelasgian land below Acropolis
at Athens II +y.+
Pelasgians, early inhabitants of Greece I .:;
IV +o.; see also Pelargicum
Pele, island off Clazomenae (Ionia) VIII
+.
Pella, place in Macedonia II ., +oo.
Pellene, city in Achaea (Peloponnese) II
.:; IV +:o.+; V j8., o.; VIII .:,
+o.
Peloponnese, region of Greece
history of region I .:, +o.:, +:., +8.+,
++.+.j; II .:, j.j
as source of mercenaries I +.+, o.+; IV
j:.:, y., 8o.j; VI ::.+, ; VII +.,
jy., j8.; VIII :8.
Athenian expeditions to I +o8.j; II +y.,
:.:; :j.+j, o.+:, j.+j; III y.+j,
+.+:, +.+, .+, +oj., +oy.+; V j:.:;
VII +y.:, :o.+:, :.+:
see also Argos, Corinth, Elis, Mantinea,
Mycenae, Olympia, Pylos, Sicyon,
Sparta, Tegea, Troezen
Peloponnesian league
origins, membership and constitution I +,
.+, y.+, 8:.j, 8.+, ++.:y; II
q.z; V o.+j, 6o.1
conferences of I y.+88, ++:j (at Sparta,
:); III 8+j (at Olympia, :8); V +y.:,
::.+: (Sparta, ::/+); V .+y.+
(Sparta, :+/:o); VIII 8.:. (Corinth,
+:)
agreements involving IV ++8.+; V
+8.+++, ::.+:.+, :j.+, :y.+:.,
j.:, j:.+, jy.+, yy.+8
for war narrative, see synopsis of contents
Pelops, legendary gure, gave name to
Peloponnese I .:
Peloris, port in Messina (Sicily) IV
:j.
Peparethus, island in Aegean (off Euboea) III
8.
Perdiccas, king of Macedonia
attacked by Sitalces (:/8) II j.+,
8.++o+.
relations with Brasidas and the
Peloponnesians (:/) IV y8.:y.,
8z.18.6, +o., +oy., +:.++:j.:,
+:8.j, +:.+:
relations with Argos and Sparta (+8/+y) V
8o.:, 8.
relations with the Athenians I 6.zq.z,
+.::.; II :.y, 8o.y; IV y., 8:,
+:8.j, +:.+:; V .:, 8o.:, 8.; VI y.;
VII
see also Macedonia
Pericles, Athenian statesman and general
family background I +:.:, +:y.+;
II +.+
active military role I +++.: (j), ++.+
(), ++.++y. (o); II +.+
(+); II j.+j; VI +.: (o)
character, policies and reputation I +:y.,
+.; II :+.::.:, jj.:, o.+y,
6.11
speeches I +o; II + (reported), 6
(funeral speech), o
Perieres, coloniser from Cumae (Italy) of
Zancle (Sicily) VI .j
Perrhaebia, region north of Thessaly IV
y8.j
Perseus, legendary hero I .:
o
Index of names
Persia, monarchical Asian power
history of empire and involvement with
Greeks I +, 8.:, .:, +o.:,
+o.:++o.:; II y.+, 8.+, y.+:; III .+;
IV jo.+
culture of gifting II y.
alliances and treaties with Sparta (+++)
VIII j..:, +:.:, +y.+.+, .+y.j,
.:, j:, jy.:j.+
intrigues with individual Greeks, see
Alcibiades, Pausanias, Themistocles.
see also Persian kings, Persian Wars,
Pharnabazus, Pissouthnes, satrap,
Tissaphernes
Persian kings, see Artaxerxes, Cambyses,
Cyrus, Darius I, Darius II, Xerxes
Persian Wars
general references I :.+:, y.j, 8.:, o.:,
y.:; II :+.:; V 8; VI +y.y, .j
Greek alliance against I +8.+, yj.:,
q.1qy.z, +o:.; III +o.:; VI y.,
8:.8.:
individual battles: Marathon (o) I +8.+,
y.; II .j; VI j.; Salamis (8o) I
+., y.yj.+, +y.; Artemisium (8o)
III j.; Thermopylae (8o) IV .;
Mycale (y) I 8.:; Plataea (y) I +o.+;
II y+.+:, y.:; III j., j.j8.j;
Eurymedon (c.) I +oo.+
Petra, coastal place in area of Rhegium (toe of
Italy) VII j.:
Phacium, place in Thessaly IV y8.j
Phaeax, Athenian envoy V .+j.
Phaeacians, legendary original inhabitants of
Corcyra I :j.
Phaedimus, Spartan envoy V :.+
Phaeinis, priestess at Argos (Peloponnese) IV
+.
Phaenippus, Athenian ofcial IV ++8.++
Phagres, place in Thrace II .
Phalerum, a harbour of Athens I +oy.+; II +.y
Phalius, Corinthian founder of Epidamnus
(north-west) I :.:
Phanae, headland in Chios VIII :.
Phanomachus, Athenian general II yo.+
Phanotis, place in Phocis (central Greece) IV
y., 8.+
Pharnabazus, Persian satrap VIII .+:, 8.+,
.+, :.+, 8o.:, , +o
Pharnaces, Persian governor, father of
Pharnabazus II y.+; V +.+
Pharos, place in Egypt I +o.+
Pharsalus, city in Thessaly I +++.+; II ::.; IV
y8.+j; VIII :.8
Phaselis, coastal city in Pamphylia (southern
Asia Minor) II .+; VIII 8, +o8.+
Pheia, place in Elis (western Peloponnese) II
:j.j; VII +.+
Pherae, place in Thessaly II ::.
Philip, pretender to Macedonian throne,
brother of Perdiccas I jy., j.:, +.; II
j.:, +oo.
Philippus, Spartan governor VIII :8.j, 8y.,
.+
Philocharidas, Spartan envoy IV ++.:; V +.:,
:+.+, :.+, ..
Philocrates, Athenian general V ++.
Philoctetes, legendary Greek hero I +o.
Phlius/Phliasia, city in Peloponnese I :y.:; IV
yo.+, +.; V jy.:, j8.+:, 8., ++j.+;
VI +oj.
Phocaea, coastal town in Ionia I +.; IV j:.:;
VIII +., +o+.:
Phocaeae, district of Leontini (Sicily) V .
Phocis, region of central Greece
history before outbreak of war (+) I
+oy.:, +o8., +++.+, ++:.j; II .:, :.; III
j.+
relationship with Delphi I ++:.j; IV ++8.:
role in the war (:+/+:) III j.+, +o+.:;
IV y., ++8.:; V :.:, .; VI :.; VIII
.:
Phoenicia, territory in North Africa above
Egypt I 8.+, +, +oo.+, ++o., ++:.,
++.; II .+; VI :., .
Tissaphernes and the deployment of eet
VIII .+, j.+, y8, 8+., 8y.+, 88, ,
+o8.+, +o
Phoenicus, harbour by Mt Minas (opposite
Chios) VIII .+
Phormio, Athenian general
expeditions (Samos, o/) I ++y.:
(Potidaea, Chalcidice, +) I .:,
j.:; II :., j8.:; Amphilochian Argos
(o) II 8.y; (o/:, based at
Naupactus) II .+, 8o.j, 8+.+,
8.+8.j, 88.1qz.y, (Acarnania, :/8)
II +o:.+, +o
+
Index of names
Phormio, Athenian general (cont.)
father of Asopius III y.+
speech II 8
Photyus, leader of Chaonians (north-western
tribe) II 8o.j
Phrygia, place in Attica II ::.:
Phrynichus, Athenian general VIII :j.+,
zy.1, 8., o.11., j., 8.,
o.+:, :.:
speeches VIII :y.: (reported), 8.y
(reported)
letter VIII jo.:
Phrynis, Spartan inspector VIII .
Phthiotis, region of Thessaly I .:; VIII .+
Phyrcus, fort in Elis (Peloponnese) V .+
Physca, place in Macedonia II .j
Phytia, place in Acarnania III +o.:
Pieria, district of Macedonia II ., +oo.
Pierian Gulf, off Phagres (Thrace) II .
Pierium, place in Thessaly V +.+
Pindus, mountain in Thessaly II +o:.:
Pissouthnes, Persian governor I ++j.j; III
+.+, .:; see also Amorges (his son)
Pittacus, king of Edonians (Thracian tribe) IV
+oy.:
Plataea, city in Boeotia
Battle of (y) and role in Persian Wars I
+o.+; II y+.:y:.+, y.:; III j.+,
j.j8.j, 8.+
Theban attack (+) II :.+y.+; III
:o.+:., j:.+:, j.+.:, 8.+; VII
+8.:
siege, escape and destruction of city
(::y) II y+.:y.+; III :o.+:.,
z.168.
relations with Athens II .; IV y.:; V +y.:,
:.+; VII jy.j
speeches by representatives II y+.:, y.;
III jj
see also Boeotia, Thebes
Pleistarchus, king of Sparta I +:.+
Pleistoanax, king of Sparta I +oy.:, ++.:; II
:+.+; V 16.11y.1, 1q.z, :.+, .+, yj.+
Pleistolas, Spartan ephor V +.+, :.+, :j.+
Plemmyrium, headland at harbour of Syracuse
VII ., ::.+:., +., .
Pleuron, town in Aetolia (western Greece) III
+o:.j
Pnyx, hill in Athens VIII y.+
Polichna (+), city in Crete II 8j.j
Polichna (:), town in Ionia (near Clazomenae)
VIII +., :.
Polis, village in Ozolian Locris III +o+.:
Polles, king of Odomantians (Thrace) V .:
Pollis, Argive envoy II y.+
Polyanthes, Corinthian commander VII .:8
Polycrates, tyrant of Samos I +.; III +o.:
Polydamidas, Spartan commander IV +:.,
+:., +o.
Polymedes, Thessalian commander II ::.
Pontus see Euxine Sea
Poseidon, Greek god I +:8.+; II 8.; IV ++8.,
+:.; VIII y.:
Potamis, Syracusan general VIII 8j.
Potidaea, city in Chalcidice
revolt from Athens and siege (::) I
j.:y.+, 8., ++8.+, ++, +.+, +o.;
II +., j8.+, y.+, yo.+; V o.:
later disputes over II y.y; IV +:o., +:+.:,
+:., +j; VI +.:
Potidania, town in Aetolia III .:
Prasiae (+), place on east coast of Attica VIII
j.+
Prasiae (:), city on east coast of Laconia
(Peloponnese) II j.j; VI +oj.:; VII +8.
Pratodamus, Spartan envoy II y.+
Priapus, place on south shore of
Propontis/Hellespont VIII +oy.+
Priene, place in Ionia (north of Miletus) I ++j.:
Procles, Athenian general III +.+, 8.
Procne, daughter of Pandion in myth II :.
Pronni, city in Cephallenia (island in western
Greece) II o.:
Propylaea, entrance to Acropolis at Athens II
+.
Proschium, place in Aetolia III +o:.j, +o.+
Prosopitis, island off Memphis (Egypt) I +o.
Prote, island off Messenia (south-west
Peloponnese) IV +.
Proteas, Athenian general I j.:; II :.:
Protesilaus, temple of (Elaeus, Chersonese)
VIII +o:.
Proxenus, Locrian commander (southern
Italy) III +o.
Pteleum (+), Athenian fort at Erythrae
(opposite Chios) VIII :.:, +.:
Pteleum (:), Athenian possession (location
uncertain) V +8.y
:
Index of names
Ptoeodorus, Theban exile IV y.:
Ptychia, island off Corcyra IV .
Pydna, coastal town in Macedonia I +.:,
+y.+
Pylos, coastal site in Messenia (south-western
Peloponnese)
strategic location IV .16., 8.+
harbour IV ., 8.j8
battle for Pylos (:j) IV 8.116.
battle for Sphacteria (:j) IV
z6.11.
negotiations over men on island IV
+y.+:.:
subsequent negotiations and return of
prisoners IV ++8.; V +8.y, :.:, j.,
.:, .:, .j.:; VII 8.
effect on Sparta IV +.:, jj.+, 8o.:, +o8.y,
++y.+; V +.+j.+, +y.+; VII +8.:,
y+.y
see also Coryphasium, Sphacteria
Pyrasus, place in Thessaly II ::.
Pyrrha, city in Lesbos III +8.+, :j.+, j.+; VIII
:.:
Pystilus, Geloan founder of Acragas (Sicily)
VI .
Pythangelus, Theban leader II :.+
Pythen, Corinthian commander VI +o.+; VII
+.+, yo.+
Pythodorus (+), Athenian archon II :.+
Pythodorus (:), Athenian general III ++j.:;
IV :., j.
Pythodorus (), Athenian general (probably
distinct from (:) above) III +oj.:; V +.:,
:.+; VI +oj.:
Ramphias, Spartan commander I +.; V
+:.++.+
Rhegium, city on the toe of Italy
Athenian base in rst Sicilian expedition
(:y:j) III 8.:, 88.+; IV +.:,
:.+:j.++
role in second Sicilian expedition (+j+)
VI .:.:, jo.+j+., y.:; VII +.:,
.y, j.:
Rheiti, streams in Attica II +.:
Rheitus, coastal location near Corinth
IV :.:
Rheneia, island by Delos I +.; III
+o.:
Rhium (+), Molycrian (coastal headland near
Naupactus) II 8., 8.:
Rhium (:), headland in Achaea on opposite
shore to (+) of Corinthian Gulf II 8.+j,
:.j; V j:.:
Rhodes, island in eastern Aegean III 8.+; VI
., ; VII jy.; VIII +., .1, j:,
jj.+:, o.:, +.:
Rhodope, mountain in Thrace II .+:, 8.
Rhoetium, place on southern shore of
Hellespont IV j:.:; VIII +o+.
Rhype, place in Achaea (Peloponnese) VII .+
Round Fort (Epipolae, Syracuse) VI 8.:,
+o+.+
Sabylinthus, leader of Molossians and
Atintanians (north-western tribes)
II 8o.
Sacon, co-founder of Himera (Sicily) VI j.+
Sacred War (, over Delphi) I ++:.j
Sadocus, Thracian prince II :.j, y.:
Salaethus, Spartan commander III :j.+, :y.:,
j.+.+
Salaminia, Athenian state trireme III .+:,
yy.; VI j.+, +.y; see also Paralus
Salamis (+), island off Attica II ., .+; III
j+.:; VIII .+
Battle of (8o) I +., y.y., +y.
Salamis (:), city in Cyprus I ++:.
Salynthius, king of Agraeans (Aetolia) III
+++., ++.:; IV yy.:
Same, city in Cephallenia (island in western
Greece) II o.:
Saminthus, place in Argive plain
(Peloponnese) V j8.j
Samos, island in eastern Aegean (and town on)
early history I +., +.; III +o.:; VI
.j; VIII jo.j
revolt from Athens (o) I o.j+.:,
11.z11y.
Samian exiles in Anaea (:y) III :.:; IV
yj.+
Athenian ally in Sicilian expedition (+)
VII jy.
Athenian eets using Samos (+:) VIII +.+,
+y.+, +., :+.+, :j.+, :y.
Athenian base at Samos (+:++) VIII o.+,
.:, j., 8.j, ., +., .+, .,
y.:j+., o., .:, y.:, 8o.
Index of names
Samos (cont.)
oligarchic plots attempted and defeated
(+:++) VIII y.z1., j.+, j.,
.:, yz.1yy
negotiations with Athens and Alcibiades
(++) VIII y:.+yy, 8+.+8:., 8.+,
88.+o.:, .:, y., +o8.+
Sandius, hill in Caria (Asia Minor) III +.:
Sane, place on Acte peninsula (Chalcidice) IV
+o.j; V +8. (but the latter possibly a
different place in Chalcidice)
Sardis, city in Lydia (Asia) I ++j.
Sargeus, Sicyonian commander (northern
Peloponnese) VII +.
Scandeia, city on Cythera (island south of
Peloponnese) IV j.+
Scione, city in Chalcidice IV +:o.++:.,
+:.:+.; V :.:, +8.8, :.+
Sciritis, region of Laconia (Peloponnese) V
.+; Sciritae in Spartan army V y.+,
8., y+.:y:.
Scironides, Athenian general VIII :j.+,
j.
Scirphondas, Theban leader VII o.
Scolus, place in Chalcidice V +8.j
Scombrus, mountain in Thrace II .
Scyllaeum, headland in north-east
Peloponnese V j
Scyros, island in Aegean I 8.:
Scythia, region to the north-east of Thrace II
.+, y.j
Selinus, city in Sicily
foundation by Megara VI .:; VII jy.8
war with Egesta (+/+j) VII .:, 8.:,
+.:, :o., y.+8, :.+
support for Syracuse (+j+) VII j.+,
y.:; VII j8.+
support for Peloponnesians (++:) VII
+.j, jo.+; VIII :.+
Sermyle, place in Chalcidice I j.:; V +8.8
Sestos, city on Chersonese (Hellespont) I 8.:;
III jy., +o+.j; IV +o+.j; VIII :.,
+o:.+, +o.+, +oy.+
Seuthes, king of Odrysians (succeeding
Sitalces) II y., +o+.j; IV +o+.j
Sicania (early name of Sicily) VI :.:
Sicanus (+), river in Iberia VI :.:
Sicanus (:), Syracusan general VI y.+; VII
.+, jo.+, yo.+
Siceliots, Sicilian Greeks (descended from
Greek colonists) see under Sicily/Sicilians
Sicels, native inhabitants of Sicily
early history VI z.., .+
participation in the war before the Sicilian
expedition (+j) III 88., +o.+, ++j.+; IV
:j.; V .
role in the Sicilian conict VI +y., .+,
j.+, 8, :.j, j.:, 88., 8.+, +o.:;
VII +.j, :.+:, jy.++, j8., yy., 8o.j
see also Alicyae, Centoripa, Ietae, Inessa
Sicilian expedition (+) (:y:)
Athenian intervention in war between
Syracuse and Leontini (:y:) III
8.+, 88.+, o.+, , +o.+,
++j.+j; IV :.:, :.+:j.++, j.+
embassy of Phaeax (::) V .+j.
Sicilian expedition (:) (+j+)
Athenian motives and objectives VI +.+,
.+, 8.z1., :o.+, :.+:.:,
.+., y, ., y.:, 8.+8y.j,
o.:; VII .:
scale of conict and forces on each side VI
+.+:, +.+, .1, .+; VII +j.+:,
y.1q.1, 8y.j
reasons for Athenian failure: Thucydides
own judgement II 6.11; lack of cavalry
VI :o.:+.+, ::, y.+:, j:.:, .+, yo.,
y+.:, 88.+; VII ., ++., y8.; sickness
VII y.+:, jo., yj., 8o.+; shortages
of food and supplies VII ., +., o.:,
yj.j, yy., y8., 8o.+, 8.;
deterioration of ships and crews VII
+:.+.:; distance from home VI :+.:,
8.; united Sicilian opposition VII +j.+,
.+:
response to defeat in Athens VII jj.+:;
VIII +.+, :.+:, .+
see also books VI and VII passim and synopsis
of contents for the main war narrative
Sicilian Sea, east of Sicily IV :.j, j.; VI
+.+
Sicily, island south of mainland Italy
early history I +:., +y+8.+; VI 16.z, yy.+;
VII +
size and population VI +.:, +y.:,
:o.+, .y.:; VII 8.1
internal conicts: Syracuse and Leontini
(:y) III 8.+ conference at Gela (:)
Index of names
IV 8.16.; further dispute between
Syracuse and Leontini (::) V .+j.;
Egesta and Selinus (+/+j) VI .+,
8.+:, +.:, y8, :.+; issues of unity
VI y68o, 8j.8y.j, +.:; VII +j.+,
.16 involvement after Athenian
defeat, possible and actual VII .+; VIII
+.:, :.+, :.+, j.+, +.:
see also Acragas, Camarina, Catana, Egesta,
Gela, Himera, Leontini, Megara
Hyblaea, Messina, Naxos (:), Selinus,
Sicilian expeditions (+) and (:), Syracuse,
Thapsus
Sicyon, city in northern Peloponnese
involvement in conicts before outbreak
of war (in +) I :8.+, +o8.j, ++:.:,
++.+
involvement in the war (from +) II .,
8o.; IV yo.+, +o+., ++.:; V j:.:,
j8.o., 8+.:; VII +., j8.; VIII .:
Sidoussa, Athenian fort in Erythrae (Ionia)
VIII :.:
Sigeium, city on southern shore of Hellespont
VI j.; VIII +o+.
Simonides, Athenian general IV y.+
Simus, founder of Himera (Sicily) VI j.+
Singus, place in Chalcidice V +8.
Sintians, Thracian tribe II 8.+
Siphae, coastal town in Boeotia IV y.,
yy.+:, 8.+o.+, +o+.
Sitalces, king of Thrace II zq.1y, y.+,
q.11o1.6; IV +o+.j
Socrates, Athenian general II :.:
Sollium, city in Acarnania (north-west) II
o.+; III j.+; V o.:
Soloeis, Phoenician settlement in Sicily VI
:.
Solygeia, village (and a hill) near Corinth IV
:.:, .+
Sophocles, Athenian general III ++j.j; IV
:.:, .+y.:, j.
Sounium, southern headland in Attica VII
:8.+; VIII , j.+
Sparta, city in Peloponnese
early history and origins of Peloponnesian
league I +o.:, +8.++, y.+, +.:; VIII
:.
character of Spartans I .j, 68.1y1.y
(compared to Athenians), yy.,
8.+8j.+, ++8.:; II q.1o. (compared
to Athenians); IV +y.+:o., o.++.,
jj.+, 8o.+, 8.:8j.:, +o8.y; V +.,
8.:, .:, yj., +oj., +o; VI ++.; VIII
++., :., .j
laws against foreigners I +.:; II .+
behaviour abroad: I j.+.+, +:.+:
(Pausanias); III .: (general); IV 8+.+,
88.: (Brasidas); V jo.; VIII 8.j
(Lichas); VIII j:.+ (Agesippidas); VIII
8.+ (Astyochus); I yy.; III .:
(general)
religious practices and beliefs I ++8.,
+:8.+; II y.:; IV ++.:; V +.:, j.:,
jj., ++.+; VII +8.:; VIII .j relating to
earthquakes? III 8.+; VI j.+
festivals IV j.+ (unspecied); V :., +.
(Hyacinthia), V yj.:y.+ (Carneia), V
8:.: (Gymnopaediae)
assemblies I y.8y.; V yy.+; VI
88.+o.+: procedures of I
8y.:
political classes and ofcials: ephors I 8y.+,
++.+:, +:.j; II :.+; V +.+, .+, .;
VI 88.+o; VIII ., ++., +:.:, j8.+;
governor VIII j.:; perioikoi I +o+.:; III
:.j; IV 8.+, j.:; VIII ., ::.+; slaves
VIII o.:; see also helots
army organisation and ofcers I :o.; II
+o.+; IV 8.+; V 66.z68., yoy:.:
polemarchs V ., y+.; advisers IV
+:.; VIII .:, +.+, .:; see also
Spartiates, Sciritae (under Sciritis)
development of a navy II 8o.:n; VIII .+,
j:, 8y., +o.:
speeches by Spartan representatives I +.;
IV +y:o, ::.+ (reported); V o.+
(reported), j.+ (reported)
see also fear (of and by Sparta), helots,
Peloponnesian league, Spartiates; see
synopsis of contents for the war narrative;
see also Agis, Alcidas, Archidamus,
Astyochus, Brasidas, Cnemus, Gylippus,
Pausanias, Pleistarchus, Pleistoanax
Spartiate, full citizen of city of Sparta (see I
.n)
general references I +:8., ++.+, +:.+,
+:.j; IV 8.+, 8.j; V q.q, +j.+, .; VI
+.; VII j8.; VIII y.+, .:
j
Index of names
Spartiate (cont.)
individual Spartiates II :.+ (Melesippus),
:j.: (Brasidas), .: (Cnemus); III +oo.:
(Eurylochus, Macarius, Menedaus); IV
++.: (Thrasymelidas); VII +. (Eccritus);
VIII ++.: (Thermon), ::.+ (Eualas), .+
(Antisthenes), +.+ (Dercylidas), +.+
(Pedaritus), +.: (Agesandridas), .+
(Philippus, Hippocrates).
Spartolus, place in Bottice (Chalcidice) II
y.:y; V +8.j
Speiraeum, harbour in eastern Peloponnese
VIII +o.++., +.:+j.:, :o.+
Sphacteria, island off Pylos (southern
Peloponnese)
location and physical character IV 8.,
:.
Spartan troops marooned (:j) IV
+.++y.+, :+.+, :.:, :.+:y.+, :8.
battle for and aftermath IV zq.q.,
jj.+, +o8.y; V +j.+:, :.:, .:
see also Pylos
Stages, Persian deputy VIII +.
Stagirus, city in Chalcidice IV 88.:; V .+, +8.j
Stesagoras, Samian commander I ++.
Sthenelaidas, Spartan ephor I 8j.8y.:
speech I 8.+j
Stratonice, sister of Perdiccas II +o+.
Stratus, city in Acarnania (north-west) II
8o.y8.+, +o:.+:; III +o.+
Strepsa, city in Thrace I +.
Strombichides, Athenian general VIII +j.+,
+.+:, +y.+, o.+:, :.:.+, y.j
Strongyle, one of the Aeolian islands III 88.:
Strophacus, Thessalian guide IV y8.+
Strymon, river in Thrace I 8.+, +oo.; II .,
y.:, ., +o+.; IV jo.+, +o:., +oy.:,
+o8.+, +o8.; V y.; VII .+
Stryphon, Spartan commander IV 8.+:
Styra, city in Euboea VII jy.
Sybaris, river in instep of Italy VII j.+
Sybota, islands between Thesprotis and
Corcyra I y.+, jo., j.+; III y; Battle of
I 8.+jj.:
Syce (g tree), site of Athenian fort on
Epipolae (Syracuse) VI 8.:
Symaethus, river in Sicily VI j.+
Syme, island in eastern Aegean VIII +..+
Syracuse, city in Sicily
history and population VI .:, j.+,
:o., y.:, 8.; VII :8., jj.:, j8.+
character of Syracusans VI ., .8,
8.:, .+, y:.:j; VII jj.:; VIII
.j
involvement in internal conicts in Sicily:
Leontini (:y) III 8.+; Sicel revolts
(:/j) III +o.+:; Messina (:j) IV
+.+:, :.+:j.; V j.+; Camarina (:)
IV j.+; Leontini (::) V .:j; VI .:;
Selinus (+/+j) VI .:; general
resentments against within Sicily VI
y8.+:, 8j.8y.j
assemblies and democratic practices VI
+, y:.+j; VII :.+, :+.:j, jj.:
political divisions and pro-Athenian
elements VII 8.:, y.+:
war with Athens (+j+) see Hermocrates,
Sicilian expedition (:), Sicily, books VI
and VII passim and synopsis of contents
Taenarum, headland in Laconia (Peloponnese)
I +:8.+, +.+; VII +.
Tamos, Persian deputy-governor VIII +.:,
8y.+
Tanagra, place in Boeotia III +.j; IV y.,
+.+, ., y.+; VII :.:; Battle of (jy) I
+o8.+
Tantalus, Spartan governor IV jy.
Tarentum, city in instep of Italy VI .j,
.:, +o.+:; VII +.+; VIII +.:
Taulantians, a people of Illyria (north-west) I
:.+
Tegea, city in Arcadia (Peloponnese)
Athenians execute envoy (o) II y.+
disputes with Mantinea IV +.+:; V j.
relations with Argive alliance (:++8/+y)
V :., jy.:, :.:, .+, y.:, yj.+,
y.+, y8.+
Teichioussa, coastal location south of Miletus
(Asia Minor) VIII :., :8.+:
Teichium, town in Aetolia III .:
Teisamenus, Trachinian envoy (Malis region)
III :.:
Teisandrus, Aetolian envoy III +oo.+
Teisias, Athenian general V 8.
Tellias, Syracusan general VI +o.
Temenids, ancestors of Macedonian kings II
.
Index of names
Temenites, sanctuary of Apollo by Syracuse
VI yj.+, +oo.:
Temenitis, high ground at Epipolae (Syracuse)
VII .
Tenedos, island in north-eastern Aegean III
:., :8.:, j.+; VII jy.j
Tenos, island in Aegean VII jy.; VIII .
Teos, city in Ionia III :.+; VIII +.+:, +.,
:o.:
Teres, king of Odrysians (Thrace) II :.+,
y.+, j.+
Tereus, legendary king of Daulis (Phocis) II
:.
Terias, river in Sicily VI jo., .:
Terinaean Gulf (instep of Italy) VI +o.:
Teutiaplus, Peloponnesian commander III
:.:+.+
speech II o.+
Teutloussa, island off Rhodes VIII :.
Thapsus, city in Sicily VI .+, y.+, .,
+o+., +o:.; VII .:
Tharyps, king of Molossians (Epirus) II 8o.
Thasos, island in north Aegean I +oo.:, +o+.+;
IV +o.+oj.+, +oy.; V .+
Theaenetus, Plataean leader III :o.+
Theagenes, tyrant of Megara I +:.j
Thebes, city in Boeotia
Persian base (y) I o.:
supports Corinth against Corcyra (j) I
:y.:
attack on Plataea (+) and aftermath II
z.16., +, y+., y:.:; III ::.y, :.+:,
.168.1; V +y.:; VII +8.:
other participation in the war III +.j; IV
y.:, +, ., ., +.+; VI j.:; VII
+., o.+
medism and relations with Persia III j.,
:.+j, .+j
speech by representatives III +.+y.y
see also Boeotia, Pagondas
Themistocles, Athenian statesman and general
activities I +., y.+, o..y,
+j.:+8.
character I 18.
speeches I o.and +. (reported)
letter I +y.
Theogenes, Athenian ofcial IV :y.; V +.:,
:.+
Thera, Aegean island II .
Theramenes, Athenian politician VIII 8.,
8.::.+o, .+
reported statements VIII o., +.+:, :.,
:.+o
Therimenes, Spartan commander VIII :.+,
:.:, +.+, .:, 8.+, ., j:
Therme, place in Macedonia I +.:; II :.
Thermon, Spartan commander VIII ++.:
Thermopylae, pass in central Greece II +o+.:;
III :.; Battle of (8o) IV .
Theseus, legendary king of Athens II +j.+:;
VI +.
Thespiae, city in Boeotia IV y., ., .,
+.+; VI j.:; VII +., :j.
Thesprotis, territory in north-west I o.,
., jo.; II 8o.j
Thessalus, son of Peisistratus I :o.:; VI jj.+
Thessaly, region north of Greece
early history I :., +:., +o:., +oy.y
role of Thessalian cavalry in relations with
Athens I +oy.y, +++.+; II ::.:
fear of Thrace II +o+.:
opposition to Heracleia III .:; V j+.+:
relations with Brasidas and Sparta IV
y8.1yq.1, +o8.+, +:.:; V +.+; VIII .+
see also Larisa (+), Phacium, Pharsalus
Thoricus, place on east coast of Attica VIII
j.+
Thrace, country north-east of Greece
kingdom of I +oo.:, +o.+; II zq.1y,
y.+; III :.; IV y, yj.:, +o+.j, +oj.+,
+:.:; VI .+; VII
attacks Macedonia (:/8) II q.11o1.6
Thracian mercenaries II .:, 8.; VII
:y.+:, :.+o.:
see also Dersaeans, Dians, Edonians, Getae,
Odomantians, Odrysia, Paeonia, Sitalces,
Triballians
Thracian region, on coast of north-eastern
Aegean
designated region of Athenian empire I
j.:o., 8.; II .; VIII .:
revolt from Athens (:::/+) I j8.:j.+;
II :.y, y., y.+; IV yo.+, y.+, y8.+,
y.:, 8:.+, +o:.+, +o., +oj.+, +::.:; V
:.+, +:.+, :+.+, :.:, o.:, +.; VI +o.j
Spartan troops withdrawn (::/+) V :+.+,
.+, j., 8.+
see also Chalcidice
y
Index of names
Thrasyboulus, Athenian politician and general
VIII y., y.z, y.:, 8+.+, +oo.j,
+o.+oj.
Thrasycles Athenian general V +.:, :.+; VIII
+j.+, +y., +.:
Thrasyllus, Athenian politician and general
VIII y., y.z, y.:, +oo.+j,
+o.+oj.
Thrasylus, Argive general V j.j, o.
Thrasymelidas, Spartan admiral IV
++.:
Thria, place in Attica (Thriasian plain) I
++.:; II +:+.+
Thronium, place in Opuntian Locris (central
Greece) II :.:
Thucles, founder of colonies in Sicily VI
.+
Thucydides (+), Athenian general and
historian
life and role in the war I +.+; II 8.; IV
+o.j, +oj.+, +o., +oy.+; V :.+, :.j
on historical method I +.+, zo.1zz.,
y.:; II 8.; V :o.:, z6.16; III o.+;
VI :.:, j.+, jj.+:
scepticism about reported facts I .:+o.,
:o.+::.; II j.; V 8.:, y.+; VII
.+; VIII jo., 8y.:
on chronology I y.:; II +:.+; V zo.z,
:.+
use of epigraphic and archaeological
evidence I 8.+, +o.+, .j, +., +8.j;
II +j.; III ++.+; IV y.:, +o.j; V
+o., j.:; VI j.y, jj.+:, j.
on poets as source of traditions I ., j.:,
.+o., +.j; III +o.; VI :.+
on explanations for natural phenomena I
+:8.+; II :8.+, yy., +o:.; III 8.+j,
++.+
for pronouncements on general topics like
hope, human nature, law, power, war,
etc., see under general index
for judgements of key individuals see under
Alcibiades, Antiphon, Brasidas, Cleon,
Hermocrates, Nicias, Pericles,
Phrynichus, Themistocles, Tissaphernes
Thucydides (:), Athenian general (not the
historian) I ++y.:
Thucydides (), representative of Pharsalus
(Thessaly) in Athens VIII :.8
Thuria, district of Messenia (Peloponnese) I
+o+.:
Thurii, city in instep of Italy VI +.y, 88.,
+o.:
support for Athens (+) VII ., j.+,
jy.++
support for Sparta (+:++) VIII j.+, +.:,
8.:
Thyamis, river in Thesprotis (north-west) I
.
Thyamus, mountain in Agraea (Acarnania) III
+o.
Thymochares, Athenian general VIII j.:
Thyrea, town in Laconia (Peloponnese) II
:y.:; IV j.:, jy.+; V +.:; VI j.+
Thyssus, city in Chalcidice IV +o.; V j.+
Tilataeans, Thracian tribe II .
Timagoras (+), Tegean envoy II y.+
Timagoras (:), agent of Pharnabazus VIII .+,
8.+, .+
Timanor, Corinthian commander I :.:
Timocrates, Spartan commissioner II 8j.+,
:.
Timoxenus, Corinthian commander II .+
Tissaphernes, Persian satrap
rivalry with Pharnabazus VIII .+, ,
+o
relations with Alcibiades and Athens VIII
., :., .18., j:j.:, j.+,
j.:, y.y, 8+.+8:., 8j.:, 88, +o8.+
relations with Sparta VIII j.., :8.:,
.:, jy.+j, y8, 8.+8j., 8y.+88,
, +o
role in treaties with Sparta VIII +y.+8.,
.:y.j, .:, j:, jy.+j
pay for Peloponnesian eet VIII j.j, :.+:,
.+, .j., jo., j.:, jy.+j8.j, y8,
8o.+:, 8.:, 8j., 8y.+,
promises support from Phoenician eet VIII
.+, j, y8, 8+., 8y.188, +o
reported comments VIII .
see also Alcibiades, Darius II, Persia,
Pharnabazus
Tlepolemus, Athenian general I ++y.:
Tolmides, Athenian general I +o8.j, ++.+
Tolophonians, a people of Ozolian Locris III
+o+.:
Tolophus, Aetolian envoy I +oo.+
Tomeus, place near Pylos IV ++8.
8
Index of names
Torone, city in Chalcidice IV 11o.1116.z,
+:o., +::.:, +:., +:.+; V :.:., +8.8
Torylaus, Thessalian guide IV y8.+
Trachis, region of Malis (north-eastern
Greece) III :.+.+; see also Heracleia
(+)
Tragia, island off Samos I ++.+
Treres, Thracian tribe II .
Triballians, Thracian tribe II .; IV +o+.j
Trinacria, original name of Sicily VI :.:
Triopium, promontory of Cnidus (opposite
Cos) VIII j.:, o.
Tripodiscus, village near Megara IV
yo.+:
Tritaeans, a people of Ozolian Locris III
+o+.:
Troad, region of north-western Asia Minor I
++.+
Troezen, city in eastern Peloponnese I :y.:,
++j.+; II j.j; IV :+., j.:, ++8.; VIII
.:
Trogilus, location just north of Syracuse VI
.+; VII :.
Trotilus, settlement on east coast of Sicily VI
.+
Troy, city in north-western Asia Minor;
Trojan War I .+, 8.1z.; II 8.; IV
+:o.+; VI :.
Twelve Gods, altar of in Athens VI j.
Tydeus, Chian leader VIII 8.
Tyndareus, father of Helen of Troy I .+
Tyrrhenia, region of Italy (Etruria) IV +o.;
VI 88.+o.:; VII j.:, jy.++
Tyrrhenian Sea, north of Sicily IV :.j; VI
:.:; VII j8.:
White Fort, Persian fort at Memphis (Egypt) I
+o.:
Xenares, Spartan ephor V .+y.+, 8.,
., j+.:
Xenocleides, Corinthian admiral I .:; III
++.
Xenon, Theban commander VII +.
Xenophantidas, Laconian agent VIII
jj.:
Xenophon, Athenian general II yo.+,
y.+y
Xerxes, Persian king I +.:, ++8.:,
+:8.+:.:, +y.; III j.j; IV jo.,
+o.:
exchange of letters with Pausanias I +:8.y,
+:.
see also Persian Wars
Zacynthus, island in western Greece I y.:; II
y., ., .+, 8o.+; III .+, j.:; IV 8.:,
+.:; VII +.:, jy.y
Zancle, city in Sicily (later Messina) VI .j, j.+
Zeus, Greek god I +o.:, +:.; II +j., y+.:;
III +.+, yo., .+; V +.:, +.:, y.++,
jo.+; VIII +.:; see also Olympieium

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