Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.

org
ISSN 2224-32! "#a$er% ISSN 222&-'3( ")nline%
*ol.4, No.+,, 2+4

'+
A Study on the Catch Composition of Set Bag Net Used in the
Ramnabad River, Patuakhali istrict !in Bangladesh"

-. .. Hasan
+
S. -. .ah/atullah
2
-. A. .ah/an
2
S. Hashe/
3
0.A. Janifa
4
1e$art/ent of A2uaculture, 3aculty of 3isheries, Bangladesh Agricultural 0ni4ersity, -y/ensingh-222
Bangladesh
5/ail6 arno7.ashi2ue8g/ail.co/
Abstract
9he field study was conducted on the set 7ag net "Behundi :al% fishery and s$ecies co/$osition of set 7ag net in
the .a/na7ad .i4er ad:acent to the ;alachi$a u$a<ila of #atua=hali district. 9he study was conducted for a
$eriod of eight /onths fro/ July-2+2 to 3e7ruary-2+3. A total of twel4e fishes and shellfishes such as Poa,
Tengra, Ilish, Chewya, Golda chingri, Ramsos, Horina chingri, Kajli, Chapila, Motka chingri, Dogri, oiragi
were identified in the catches of set 7ag net used 7y the fisher/en during the study $eriod. A/ong that s$ecies
>hewya "Taenioides cirrat!s % and Horina chingri "Metapenae!s monoceros" were the do/inant fishes. 9he
>hewya was do/inant in winter season while salinity was high. Horina chingri was do/inant in rainy season
when water current increased. 9he other fishes were found a little a/ount 7ut not significant and had no relation
with salinity and current. Salinity and water current was the /ain factors for the 4ariation of total catch and
a4aila7ility of fish. In July to )cto7er the water le4el of the ri4er re/ained high, so the a7undance and
a4aila7ility of fish was high. 3or fishing fisher/en used set 7ag net fro/ July to 3e7ruary when the water le4el
was high in rainy season and salinity was high in winter season. 1uring high tide the water entered into the
ad:acent estuary and the fisher/en used set 7ag net in the /outh of the estuary.
#ey$ords6 >atch co/$osition, set 7ag net, SBN, .a/ns7ad .i4er

%ntroduction
Bangladesh is 7lessed with a 4ast water 7odies in the for/ of ri4ers, haors and 7eels, canals, reser4oirs, ?a$tai
@a=e, oA-7ow la=es "7aors%, $onds, tan=s, seasonally flooded areas and the Bay of Bengal. All these water 7odies
offer tre/endous sco$e and $otentiality for aug/enting fish $roduction fro/ the/ 7y ado$ting $ro$er
/anage/ent techni2ues. In Bangladesh there are two sources of fisheries-inland and /arine fisheries. Inland
o$en water fishery resources $lay a significant role in the econo/y and food ha7its of the $eo$le of Bangladesh
"?han, ?., Ah/ed, 0. and B. Ha/7rey. 2&%. 3or fishing, different ty$es of crafts, gears and tra$s are used.
;enerally gears are those e2ui$/entBs that are used to catch the fishes. A/ong fishing gear the $redo/inant
fishing gear used are gillnets and set 7ag nets. 9he latter is locally =nown as 7ehundi :al. 9he set 7ag nets "SBN%
account for a considera7le $ortion of the ri4er and estuarine catch.9he set 7ag net, a traditional fishing gear in
the Bay of Bengal region, is still 7eing o$erated 7y s/all-scale fisher fol= in Bangladesh, India, Indonesia,
-alaysia, -yan/ar and 9hailand, with so/e regional 4ariations in design and /ode of o$eration. Howe4er, the
gear is /ore do/inant in Bangladesh than in any of the other countries. A/ong the set 7ag net fishery, ,3C is
contri7uted 7y the estuarine set 7ag net "5SBN% while the rest is fro/ the /arine set 7ag net "-SBN% which is
highly seasonal. Around one /illion $eo$le in the coastal area of Bangladesh are fully or $artially de$endent on
the estuarine set 7ag net fishery in Bangladesh "Sa77ir, 2&%. 9he set 7ag net "SBN% fishery is s$read
throughout the channels, canals, tri7utaries and estuaries of the country in coastal and 7rac=ish water
en4iron/ent. 9his gear is o$erated /ostly within + / de$th line throughout the year. 9he $resent study has
7een underta=en with the following o7:ecti4es6
9o underta=e a catch assess/ent and s$ecies co/$osition of the .a/na7ad .i4er 7y set 7ag net, and
9o =now the hydrogra$hic $ara/eters effect on catch co/$osition.
&aterials and methods'
()* Study Area
Selection of the study areas is an i/$ortant ste$ for conducting research 7ecause it indicates a $re/ise fro/
where re2uired data would 7e collected in accordance with the o7:ecti4es set for the study "Har/en, +''4%. 9he
study area was selected in the .a/na7ad .i4er ad:acent to the ;alachi$a u$a<ila under the district #atua=hali.
()+ Study period
9he study was conducted for a $eriod of ! "eight% /onths fro/ July-2+2 to 3e7ruary-2+3, in the .a/na7ad
.i4er ad:acent to the ;alachi$a u$a<ila under the district #atua=hali.
(), Collection of data
1uring collection of data, $ri/ary sources were considered. 1ata were collected fro/ fisher/en 7y the
researcher hi/self se4eral 4isits were /ade to the study area to collect accurate infor/ation related to o7:ecti4es
of the study.
()- ata processing, Analysis and Presentation
9he collected data were su//ari<ed and $rocessed for analysis. 9hese data were 4erified to eli/inate all
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare
ISSN 2224-32! "#a$er% ISSN 222&-'3( ")nline%
*ol.4, No.+,, 2+4

$ossi7le errors and inconsistencies. 9a7ular techni2ue was a$$lied for the analysis of data 7y using si/$le
statistical tools li=e a4erages and $ercentages. 3inally, the $rocessed data were transferred to a /aster sheet fro/
which classified ta7les were $re$ared re4ealing the finding of the study. 3or $rocessing and analysis $ur$ose,
-S 5Acel and -S word ha4e 7een used. 9a7les, $ie
(). Catch Assessment Survey !CAS"
Sa/$ling of catches and their assess/ent were done twice $er /onth during the study $eriod. 9he fisher/en
were selected on the 7asis of ty$es
re$resentati4e sa/$les were ta=en with the hel$ of hand without re$etition of the net in each sa/$ling day.
Results'
,)* Seasonal variations of catch composition of set bag net'
1uring the study $eriod, it was o7ser4ed that catch co/$osition of fish 4aries with seasonal 4ariation. >hewya
was the highest in total catch in 7oth weight and nu/7er during the study $eriod. 9he second highest was Horina
chingri in 7oth weight and nu/7er.
rainy season. 9he other s$ecies had no regular trend li=e chewya and Horina chingri and their catch co/$osition
was not significant.
,)*)* /ariations of catch composition by the $eight
9he total weight of chewya was 42 =g "2,.3C% which was the highest catch in weight during the study $eriod.
>hewya was do/inant in 1ece/7er &=g "24.,C%, January +&=g "4'.+!C%, and 3e7ruary +D=g "&+.'&C%. 9he
contri7ution of Horina chingri 24.! =
do/inant in the /onth of July 4=g "34.,C%, August 2 =g "+2.'C% and Se$te/7er "+.&3C%. A little a/ount of
-ot=a chingri "+ =g% and ;olda >hingri "3.4 =g% were found during the study $er
July, August and Se$te/7er.
3igure +6 *ariations of catch co/$osition "By weight 7asis% during the study $eriod
,)*)+ /ariations of catch composition by the number of fish basis'
9he total nu/7er of chewya was 42 "3+.D'C
>hewya was do/inant in 1ece/7er, January, and 3e7ruary. 9he contri7ution of Horina chingri 2D&& "2.3C%,
was second highest in the total catch. In July, August and Se$te/7er the do/inant s$
9he third highest was Boiragi which was found in )cto7er. A little nu/7er of Ilish "+2% and ;olda >hingri "4&%
and -ot=a chingri were found during the study $eriod. -ot=a chingri was found only August.
,)+ 0ydrographic Parameters of the Ramnabad River
In the $resent study, the hydrogra$hic $ara/eters of the .a/na7ad .i4er were studied for a $eriod of ! "/onths%.
,)+)*) Salinity
9he highest salinity "3.& $$t% was recorded in 3e7ruary and the lowest salinity ".& $$t% was recorded i
res$ecti4ely with a /ean 4alue of +.3+! E +.++!.
In July, august and Se$te/7er were rainy season. In that season salinity were lower. 3ro/ 1ece/7er salinity
7egan to increase and in 3e7ruary it was 3.& $$t.
2%
5%
16%
4%
7%
1%
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare
'3( ")nline%
'2
$ossi7le errors and inconsistencies. 9a7ular techni2ue was a$$lied for the analysis of data 7y using si/$le
statistical tools li=e a4erages and $ercentages. 3inally, the $rocessed data were transferred to a /aster sheet fro/
which classified ta7les were $re$ared re4ealing the finding of the study. 3or $rocessing and analysis $ur$ose,
en used. 9a7les, $ie-charts etc. had 7een used for data $rocessing and analysis.
(). Catch Assessment Survey !CAS"
Sa/$ling of catches and their assess/ent were done twice $er /onth during the study $eriod. 9he fisher/en
of gear they o$erate. 9he total catches were weighted 7y a 7alance and the
re$resentati4e sa/$les were ta=en with the hel$ of hand without re$etition of the net in each sa/$ling day.
,)* Seasonal variations of catch composition of set bag net'
ring the study $eriod, it was o7ser4ed that catch co/$osition of fish 4aries with seasonal 4ariation. >hewya
was the highest in total catch in 7oth weight and nu/7er during the study $eriod. 9he second highest was Horina
chingri in 7oth weight and nu/7er. >hewya was a7undant in winter season and Horina chingri was a7undant in
rainy season. 9he other s$ecies had no regular trend li=e chewya and Horina chingri and their catch co/$osition
,)*)* /ariations of catch composition by the $eight basis'
9he total weight of chewya was 42 =g "2,.3C% which was the highest catch in weight during the study $eriod.
>hewya was do/inant in 1ece/7er &=g "24.,C%, January +&=g "4'.+!C%, and 3e7ruary +D=g "&+.'&C%. 9he
contri7ution of Horina chingri 24.! =g "+D.+2C%, was second highest in the total catch. Horina chongri was
do/inant in the /onth of July 4=g "34.,C%, August 2 =g "+2.'C% and Se$te/7er "+.&3C%. A little a/ount of
-ot=a chingri "+ =g% and ;olda >hingri "3.4 =g% were found during the study $eriod. 9hey were /ainly found in
3igure +6 *ariations of catch co/$osition "By weight 7asis% during the study $eriod
,)*)+ /ariations of catch composition by the number of fish basis'
9he total nu/7er of chewya was 42 "3+.D'C% which was the highest catch in nu/7er during the study $eriod.
>hewya was do/inant in 1ece/7er, January, and 3e7ruary. 9he contri7ution of Horina chingri 2D&& "2.3C%,
was second highest in the total catch. In July, August and Se$te/7er the do/inant s$ecies was Horina >hingri.
9he third highest was Boiragi which was found in )cto7er. A little nu/7er of Ilish "+2% and ;olda >hingri "4&%
and -ot=a chingri were found during the study $eriod. -ot=a chingri was found only August.
of the Ramnabad River
In the $resent study, the hydrogra$hic $ara/eters of the .a/na7ad .i4er were studied for a $eriod of ! "/onths%.
9he highest salinity "3.& $$t% was recorded in 3e7ruary and the lowest salinity ".& $$t% was recorded i
res$ecti4ely with a /ean 4alue of +.3+! E +.++!.
In July, august and Se$te/7er were rainy season. In that season salinity were lower. 3ro/ 1ece/7er salinity
7egan to increase and in 3e7ruary it was 3.& $$t.
15%
7%
5%
27%
2%
6%
5%
Poa
Tengra
Ilish
chewya
Golda chingri
Ramsos
Horina chingri
Kajli
ha!ila
"o#$a chingri
%ogri
www.iiste.org
$ossi7le errors and inconsistencies. 9a7ular techni2ue was a$$lied for the analysis of data 7y using si/$le
statistical tools li=e a4erages and $ercentages. 3inally, the $rocessed data were transferred to a /aster sheet fro/
which classified ta7les were $re$ared re4ealing the finding of the study. 3or $rocessing and analysis $ur$ose,
charts etc. had 7een used for data $rocessing and analysis.
Sa/$ling of catches and their assess/ent were done twice $er /onth during the study $eriod. 9he fisher/en
of gear they o$erate. 9he total catches were weighted 7y a 7alance and the
re$resentati4e sa/$les were ta=en with the hel$ of hand without re$etition of the net in each sa/$ling day.
ring the study $eriod, it was o7ser4ed that catch co/$osition of fish 4aries with seasonal 4ariation. >hewya
was the highest in total catch in 7oth weight and nu/7er during the study $eriod. 9he second highest was Horina
>hewya was a7undant in winter season and Horina chingri was a7undant in
rainy season. 9he other s$ecies had no regular trend li=e chewya and Horina chingri and their catch co/$osition
9he total weight of chewya was 42 =g "2,.3C% which was the highest catch in weight during the study $eriod.
>hewya was do/inant in 1ece/7er &=g "24.,C%, January +&=g "4'.+!C%, and 3e7ruary +D=g "&+.'&C%. 9he
g "+D.+2C%, was second highest in the total catch. Horina chongri was
do/inant in the /onth of July 4=g "34.,C%, August 2 =g "+2.'C% and Se$te/7er "+.&3C%. A little a/ount of
iod. 9hey were /ainly found in

3igure +6 *ariations of catch co/$osition "By weight 7asis% during the study $eriod
% which was the highest catch in nu/7er during the study $eriod.
>hewya was do/inant in 1ece/7er, January, and 3e7ruary. 9he contri7ution of Horina chingri 2D&& "2.3C%,
ecies was Horina >hingri.
9he third highest was Boiragi which was found in )cto7er. A little nu/7er of Ilish "+2% and ;olda >hingri "4&%
and -ot=a chingri were found during the study $eriod. -ot=a chingri was found only August.
In the $resent study, the hydrogra$hic $ara/eters of the .a/na7ad .i4er were studied for a $eriod of ! "/onths%.
9he highest salinity "3.& $$t% was recorded in 3e7ruary and the lowest salinity ".& $$t% was recorded in July
In July, august and Se$te/7er were rainy season. In that season salinity were lower. 3ro/ 1ece/7er salinity
Tengra
chewya
Golda chingri
Ramsos
Horina chingri
ha!ila
"o#$a chingri
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare
ISSN 2224-32! "#a$er% ISSN 222&-'3( ")nline%
*ol.4, No.+,, 2+4

,)+)+ Current !m1sec"
9he /ini/u/ water current ".3 /Fsec% was in January and the /aAi/u/ water current ".! /Fsee% was in
July with a /ean 4alue of .&+D2 E .+D& /Fsec.
,)+)( 2ater temperature !3C"
-onthly a4erage water te/$erature was ranged fro/ +2 to 3 G>. 9he highest and the lowest wate
were recorded in July and 1ece/7er res$ecti4ely with a /ean 4alue of 2.2 E D.&24G>
,)+), Air temperature !3C"
-onthly a4erage air te/$erature was ranged fro/ +3 to 3+
recorded in July and 1ece/7er res$ecti4ely with a /ean 4alue of 22.3,& E D.22
,)+)- 4ransparency !cm"
A4erage trans$arency was the highest "+!c/% in 1ece/7er and the lowest "!c/% in July with a /ean 4alue of
+2.D2& E 3.++4 c/.
,)+). issolved o5ygen !mg16"
-onthly a4erage dissol4ed oAygen was the highest ", /gF@% in July and the lowest "4. /gF@% in 1ece/7er
and 3e7ruary with a /ean 4alue of &.'2& E .!+&4 /gF@.
,)+)7 p0
9he highest $H ",.!% was in 3e7ruary and the lowest $H "D.% was recorded in July res$ecti4ely wit
4alue of D.'+2 E .&!24!.
3igure 46 *ariations of catch co/$osition "By Nu/7er of fish 7asis% during the study $eriod
,)( 8ffects of hydrographic parameter on catch composition'
Haters of lower trans$arency were found in the rainy season. 9he ca
decreases of trans$arency. 9he salinity 7eco/es too low for /any of the fishes in the ri4er during the /onth of
July, August and Se$te/7er due to hea4y rain in Bangladesh. But with the higher water current Hori
and #oa drifted with the water current which were found as the do/inant s$ecies during rainy season. Higher
salinity tolerant fish li=e >hewya was not do/inant on that ti/e. 9he total catch on that ti/e was lower
co/$ared with other /onth. 3ro/ 1ece/7er to 3e7ruary salinity 7eca/e higher and te/$erature 7eca/e lower
day 7y day. >hewya was the do/inant s$ecies during that season. A high a/ount of >hewya was caught in set
7agnet in 1ece/7er, January and 3e7ruary. 9he a/ount of catch was relati4ely
when the high tide water /o4ed fro/ the sea into the estuary.
12%
6%
1%
7%
1&%
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare
'3( ")nline%
'3
rrent ".3 /Fsec% was in January and the /aAi/u/ water current ".! /Fsee% was in
July with a /ean 4alue of .&+D2 E .+D& /Fsec.
-onthly a4erage water te/$erature was ranged fro/ +2 to 3 G>. 9he highest and the lowest wate
were recorded in July and 1ece/7er res$ecti4ely with a /ean 4alue of 2.2 E D.&24G>)
-onthly a4erage air te/$erature was ranged fro/ +3 to 3+

>. 9he highest and the lowest air te/$eratures were

nd 1ece/7er res$ecti4ely with a /ean 4alue of 22.3,& E D.22
o
>.
A4erage trans$arency was the highest "+!c/% in 1ece/7er and the lowest "!c/% in July with a /ean 4alue of
age dissol4ed oAygen was the highest ", /gF@% in July and the lowest "4. /gF@% in 1ece/7er
and 3e7ruary with a /ean 4alue of &.'2& E .!+&4 /gF@.
9he highest $H ",.!% was in 3e7ruary and the lowest $H "D.% was recorded in July res$ecti4ely wit
3igure 46 *ariations of catch co/$osition "By Nu/7er of fish 7asis% during the study $eriod
,)( 8ffects of hydrographic parameter on catch composition'
Haters of lower trans$arency were found in the rainy season. 9he catch decreased with increases of tur7idity and
decreases of trans$arency. 9he salinity 7eco/es too low for /any of the fishes in the ri4er during the /onth of
July, August and Se$te/7er due to hea4y rain in Bangladesh. But with the higher water current Hori
and #oa drifted with the water current which were found as the do/inant s$ecies during rainy season. Higher
salinity tolerant fish li=e >hewya was not do/inant on that ti/e. 9he total catch on that ti/e was lower
1ece/7er to 3e7ruary salinity 7eca/e higher and te/$erature 7eca/e lower
day 7y day. >hewya was the do/inant s$ecies during that season. A high a/ount of >hewya was caught in set
7agnet in 1ece/7er, January and 3e7ruary. 9he a/ount of catch was relati4ely higher during the s$ring tide
when the high tide water /o4ed fro/ the sea into the estuary.
2%
1%
'%
(2%
'%
1%
2'%
1&%
Poa
Tengra
Ilish
chewya
Golda chingri
Ramsos
Horina chingri
Kajli
ha!ila
"o#$a chingri
%ogri
)oiragi
www.iiste.org
rrent ".3 /Fsec% was in January and the /aAi/u/ water current ".! /Fsee% was in
-onthly a4erage water te/$erature was ranged fro/ +2 to 3 G>. 9he highest and the lowest water te/$eratures

>. 9he highest and the lowest air te/$eratures were
A4erage trans$arency was the highest "+!c/% in 1ece/7er and the lowest "!c/% in July with a /ean 4alue of
age dissol4ed oAygen was the highest ", /gF@% in July and the lowest "4. /gF@% in 1ece/7er
9he highest $H ",.!% was in 3e7ruary and the lowest $H "D.% was recorded in July res$ecti4ely with a /ean

3igure 46 *ariations of catch co/$osition "By Nu/7er of fish 7asis% during the study $eriod
tch decreased with increases of tur7idity and
decreases of trans$arency. 9he salinity 7eco/es too low for /any of the fishes in the ri4er during the /onth of
July, August and Se$te/7er due to hea4y rain in Bangladesh. But with the higher water current Horina chingri
and #oa drifted with the water current which were found as the do/inant s$ecies during rainy season. Higher
salinity tolerant fish li=e >hewya was not do/inant on that ti/e. 9he total catch on that ti/e was lower
1ece/7er to 3e7ruary salinity 7eca/e higher and te/$erature 7eca/e lower
day 7y day. >hewya was the do/inant s$ecies during that season. A high a/ount of >hewya was caught in set
higher during the s$ring tide
Tengra
Ilish
chewya
Golda chingri
Ramsos
Horina chingri
Kajli
ha!ila
"o#$a chingri
%ogri
)oiragi
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare
ISSN 2224-32! "#a$er% ISSN 222&-'3( ")nline%
*ol.4, No.+,, 2+4

9igure -' 0ydrographic parameter of Ramnabad River

iscussions
/ariation of catch composition of Set bag net'
>hewya was the highest catch on the 7asis of weigh
Horina chingri was the second highest catch on the 7asis of weight "+D.+2C% and on the 7asis of nu/7er
"2.3C% during the study $eriod. 9hese two s$ecies inha7it in estuary and it /ight 7e the cause
the catch as the study area near the estuary. Half/an "+'!!%, #illay and ;hose "+'D2% re$orted si/ilar
o7ser4ation in their study.
In 1ece/7er, January and 3e7ruary >hewya was the do/inant s$ecies. In winter season when the salinity was
increased "3.& $$t% and water current was lowered ".3 /Fsec% >hewya /o4ed towards ri4er fro/ estuary which
/ight 7e the reason of higher catch of >hewya in the set 7ag net in that /onths.
>hewya was a7undant in estuarine ecosyst
In July, August and Se$te/7er Horina chingri was the do/inant s$ecies. In rainy season when water current was
higher ".! /Fsec% and salinity was decreased ".& $$t% Horina chingri drifted with water current which /ight
7e the reason of higher catch of Horina chingri in the set 7ag net in that /onths.
According to #illay and ;hose "+'D2%, shri/$ was /ore do/inant in the set 7ag net catches in India. 9his was
$ro7a7ly due to differences in the en4iron/ental conditions in w
Set 7agnet was o$erated in such /echanis/ that these 7otto/ dwelling fishes and shellfishes were tra$$ed in set
7ag net. 9his trend of catch co/$osition showed si/ilar consistency with the study re$orted 7y
Singa$ore waters where the /a:or catch co/$osition was also
-)+ 0ydrographic Parameters of the Ramnabad River
-)+)*) Salinity and Current
9he highest salinity was o7ser4ed in 3e7ruary "3.& $$t% and lowest in July ".& $$t.%. In case of current, it was
highest in July ".! /Fsec.% and lowest in January ".3 /Fsec.%. In July, August and Se$te/7er hea4y rainfall
was occurred which /ight 7e the cause of decrease of salin
January and 3e7ruary there was no or little rainfall which /ight 7e the cause of increase of salinity and decrease
of current.
.ah/an et al# "+''2% conducted a year round o7ser4ation on the $hysico
the ri4er -eghna. 9he water was less saline than .a/na7ad ri4er.
Si/ilar results were re$orted 7y Singh
increased due to hea4y rain fall and created o4er flood in
-)+)+ 2ater temperature !3C"
9he highest and lowest water te/$erature was recorded in July "3
te/$erature was always less than air te/$erature. Si/ilar results were also o7ser4ed 7y #atra and A<adi "+'!,%,
Singh et al#"+''% and Hossain "+''!% and Shah:ahan "2%.
-)+)( Air temperature !3C"
9he highest air te/$erate was recorded in July "3+
9he highest 4alue in July was due to su//er season and the l
weather in winter season.
Si/ilar results of air te/$erature were also o7ser4ed 7y Shah:ahan "2% and Hossain "+''!%.

Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare
'3( ")nline%
'4
9igure -' 0ydrographic parameter of Ramnabad River
/ariation of catch composition of Set bag net'
>hewya was the highest catch on the 7asis of weight "2,.3C% and on the 7asis of nu/7er "3+.D'C%. Howe4er
Horina chingri was the second highest catch on the 7asis of weight "+D.+2C% and on the 7asis of nu/7er
"2.3C% during the study $eriod. 9hese two s$ecies inha7it in estuary and it /ight 7e the cause
the catch as the study area near the estuary. Half/an "+'!!%, #illay and ;hose "+'D2% re$orted si/ilar
In 1ece/7er, January and 3e7ruary >hewya was the do/inant s$ecies. In winter season when the salinity was
reased "3.& $$t% and water current was lowered ".3 /Fsec% >hewya /o4ed towards ri4er fro/ estuary which
/ight 7e the reason of higher catch of >hewya in the set 7ag net in that /onths. Helf/an "+'!!% re$orted that
in estuarine ecosyste/ when salinity was a7o4e 3 $$t.
In July, August and Se$te/7er Horina chingri was the do/inant s$ecies. In rainy season when water current was
higher ".! /Fsec% and salinity was decreased ".& $$t% Horina chingri drifted with water current which /ight
e the reason of higher catch of Horina chingri in the set 7ag net in that /onths.
According to #illay and ;hose "+'D2%, shri/$ was /ore do/inant in the set 7ag net catches in India. 9his was
$ro7a7ly due to differences in the en4iron/ental conditions in which the gear is o$erated.
Set 7agnet was o$erated in such /echanis/ that these 7otto/ dwelling fishes and shellfishes were tra$$ed in set
9his trend of catch co/$osition showed si/ilar consistency with the study re$orted 7y
Singa$ore waters where the /a:or catch co/$osition was also shri/$.
-)+ 0ydrographic Parameters of the Ramnabad River
er4ed in 3e7ruary "3.& $$t% and lowest in July ".& $$t.%. In case of current, it was
highest in July ".! /Fsec.% and lowest in January ".3 /Fsec.%. In July, August and Se$te/7er hea4y rainfall
was occurred which /ight 7e the cause of decrease of salinity and increase of water current. In 1ece/7er,
January and 3e7ruary there was no or little rainfall which /ight 7e the cause of increase of salinity and decrease
"+''2% conducted a year round o7ser4ation on the $hysico->he/ical $ara/eters of two <ones of
the ri4er -eghna. 9he water was less saline than .a/na7ad ri4er.
Si/ilar results were re$orted 7y Singh et al. "+''%, Hossain "+''!% and Shah:ahan "2%. .i4er current
increased due to hea4y rain fall and created o4er flood in July.
9he highest and lowest water te/$erature was recorded in July "3
o
>% and 1ece/7er "+2
te/$erature was always less than air te/$erature. Si/ilar results were also o7ser4ed 7y #atra and A<adi "+'!,%,
"+''% and Hossain "+''!% and Shah:ahan "2%.
9he highest air te/$erate was recorded in July "3+
o
>% and the lowest air te/$erature was in 1ece/7er "+3
9he highest 4alue in July was due to su//er season and the lowest in 1ece/7er due to co/$arati4ely cold
weather in winter season.
Si/ilar results of air te/$erature were also o7ser4ed 7y Shah:ahan "2% and Hossain "+''!%.

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t "2,.3C% and on the 7asis of nu/7er "3+.D'C%. Howe4er
Horina chingri was the second highest catch on the 7asis of weight "+D.+2C% and on the 7asis of nu/7er
"2.3C% during the study $eriod. 9hese two s$ecies inha7it in estuary and it /ight 7e the cause of do/inance in
the catch as the study area near the estuary. Half/an "+'!!%, #illay and ;hose "+'D2% re$orted si/ilar
In 1ece/7er, January and 3e7ruary >hewya was the do/inant s$ecies. In winter season when the salinity was
reased "3.& $$t% and water current was lowered ".3 /Fsec% >hewya /o4ed towards ri4er fro/ estuary which
Helf/an "+'!!% re$orted that
In July, August and Se$te/7er Horina chingri was the do/inant s$ecies. In rainy season when water current was
higher ".! /Fsec% and salinity was decreased ".& $$t% Horina chingri drifted with water current which /ight
According to #illay and ;hose "+'D2%, shri/$ was /ore do/inant in the set 7ag net catches in India. 9his was

Set 7agnet was o$erated in such /echanis/ that these 7otto/ dwelling fishes and shellfishes were tra$$ed in set
9his trend of catch co/$osition showed si/ilar consistency with the study re$orted 7y 9ha/ "+'&4% for
er4ed in 3e7ruary "3.& $$t% and lowest in July ".& $$t.%. In case of current, it was
highest in July ".! /Fsec.% and lowest in January ".3 /Fsec.%. In July, August and Se$te/7er hea4y rainfall
ity and increase of water current. In 1ece/7er,
January and 3e7ruary there was no or little rainfall which /ight 7e the cause of increase of salinity and decrease
$ara/eters of two <ones of
. "+''%, Hossain "+''!% and Shah:ahan "2%. .i4er current
>% and 1ece/7er "+2
o
>% res$ecti4ely. Hater
te/$erature was always less than air te/$erature. Si/ilar results were also o7ser4ed 7y #atra and A<adi "+'!,%,
>% and the lowest air te/$erature was in 1ece/7er "+3
o
>%.
owest in 1ece/7er due to co/$arati4ely cold
weather in winter season.
Si/ilar results of air te/$erature were also o7ser4ed 7y Shah:ahan "2% and Hossain "+''!%.
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-32! "#a$er% ISSN 222&-'3( ")nline%
*ol.4, No.+,, 2+4

'&
-)+), 4ransparency !cm"
In the $resent study, trans$arency of water was lowest in July "! c/% and highest in 1ece/7er "+! c/%. Si/ilar
results were re$orted 7y #atra and A<adi "+'!,%, Singh et al# "+''%, Hossain "+''!% and Shah:ahan "2%.
1uring )cto7er to 3e7ruary trans$arency were increased 7ecause tur7idity decreased during this $eriod due to
water current, a7sence of hea4y rain fall and $ossi7ly less erosion.
-)+)- issolved o5ygen !mg16"
9he highest dissol4ed oAygen was recorded in July ",./gF@% and the lowest in 1ece/7er and 3e7ruary "&.
/gF@%. 1issol4ed oAygen decreases due to decrease in water /o4e/ent and high tur7idity. 1issol4ed oAygen
range which was studied 7y #utra and A<adi "+'!,% in Halda .i4er, Hossain "+''!% in old Brah/a$utra .i4er
and Shah:ahan "2% in Ja/una .i4er was si/ilar.
-)+). p0
In the .a/na7ad .i4er $H was slightly al=aline ranged fro/ D. to ,.!. 9hese were si/ilar findings of Allanson
"+'D+%, Isla/ "+',,%, Hossain "+''!% and Shah:ahan "2%. -ost of the study on ri4er water $H has found
al=aline.

Conclusions
A total of twel4e s$ecies of fishes and shellfishes were recorded in the catches of set 7ag net during the study
$eriod. >hewya and Horina chingri was the /ost do/inant s$ecies. 9he other s$ecies was insignificant in
2uantity. 9ough chewya and Horina chingri was the highest catch so set 7ag net was /ainly used for chewya and
horina chingri fishery.
In the $resent in4estigation, it has re4ealed that /ost of the hydrogra$hic $ara/eters of the .a/na7ad
.i4er were suita7le for the ha7itat of fishes and other a2uatic fauna. But during rainy season, soil erosion and
hea4y rainfall 7eca/e a great $ro7le/ for fish ha7itat. At that ti/e hydrogra$hic $ara/eters changed fre2uently.
9he SBN was 7eing used along the entire coast of Bangladesh with hea4y concentration in so/e areas. It is /ost
usa7le net in .a/na7ad region. But so/e fisher/an using eAtra fine nets, 7an= to 7an= netting and illegal
catching of 7rood fish and fish fry ha4e serious ad4erse effect on these fishery resources. A nu/7er of traditional
and recently introduced fishing gear are used for har4esting fry of large nu/7er of co//ercially 4alua7le
s$ecies.
9he following reco//endations could 7e conser4ed and can $ro4ide the sustaina7le de4elo$/ent of fisheries6
5Aisting fisheries rules and regulations should 7e i/$le/ented.
3ishing during the 7reeding season should 7e $rohi7ited strictly.
)4er fishing should not 7e allowed at all.
Indiscri/inate uses of current :al and set 7agnet should 7e $rohi7ited.
Natural ha7itat of fishes and other a2uatic resources should not 7e distur7ed.
9o conser4e and de4elo$/ent of 7iodi4ersity, fish and fisheries ite/Is ha7itat should 7e i/$ro4ed
through eAca4ating 7ed for 7rood one.
Any $oisonous or toAic su7stance should not 7e a$$lied in the water 7ody.

References
Allanson B. +'D+6 In4estigation into the ecology of $olluted inland waters in the 9rans4aal #art +. 9he $hysical,
che/ical and 7iological conditions in the Ju=s=ei - >rocodile .i4er syste/ Hydro$iologia !l:+" +-,D.
Helf/an ; S +'!!6 #atterns in the life history of anguillid eels. A >ongress held in New Jealand +'!,.
Proceedings o% the International &ssociation o% Theoretical and &pplied 'imnology +("3%6 +DD3-D'.
Hossain - +''!6 A $reli/inary sur4ey on the fisheries and socio-econo/ic conditions of fisher/en of the old
Bra/a$utra .i4er, -S 9hesis, 1e$art/ent of 3isheries -anage/ent, BA0, -y/ensingh.
Isla/ -. +',,6 Studies on the $hysical and che/ical characteristics of the ri4er Brah/a$utra, -S 9hesis,
1e$art/ent of 3isheries Biology and @i/nology, BA0, -y/ensingh.
?han ?, Ah/ed 0, Ha/7rey JB 2&6 Studies on the fish catch efficiency of different ty$es fishing gear in
?a$tai .eser4oir, Bangladesh 3isheries .esearch Institute, .i4erine Station, Ba7urhat, >hand$ur, Bangladesh,
and #art of @eith, 5din7urgh, 0?.
#atra .H., A<adi -A +'!,6 5cological studies on the $lan=tonic organis/s of the Halda .i4er. angladesh
(o!rnal o% )oology *-!+" +'-+23.
#illay 9*., ;hosh ?? +'D26 9he set 7ag net fishery of the Hoogly -atlah estuarinc syste/ "Hest Bengal%.
Indian (o!rnal o% *ishery 4ol.' "#art A% $$. ,+-'!.
.ah/an --, Hassan -. +''26 A study on fish and fisher/en of ?a$tai @a=e in Bangladesh, BA0 and
0ni4ersity ;rants >o//ission, 1ha=a. $$ 4'.
Sa77ir A 2&6 #ros$ect and 0tili<ation of @ow *alue and 9rash 3ish in Bangladesh. #a$er #resented at the
.egional Hor=sho$ on K@ow *alue and 9rash 3ish in Asia-#acific .egionB, Hanoi, *ietna/, ,-' Jun 2&.
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare www.iiste.org
ISSN 2224-32! "#a$er% ISSN 222&-'3( ")nline%
*ol.4, No.+,, 2+4

'D
Shah:ahan - 26 Studies on the 3isheries and Socio-econo/ic status of 3isher/en of the Ja/una .i4er, -S
9hesis, 1e$art/ent of 3isheries -anage/ent. Bangladesh Agricultural 0ni4ersity, -y/ensingh.
Singh S#, >howdhury 1?, -ehrotra SN, Lada4a LS, >howdhur -, Sar=er A, Biswa B? +''6 In4estigation
on factors relation to decline in fishery of the .i4er Brah/a$utra and its tri7utaries. Annual .e$ort +'!'-',
Hest Bengal, India.


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