Control of plant-parasitic

nematodes using Aqua4D:

from fantasy to reality




spiegely@volcani.agri.gov.il


Planet Horizons Technologies SA
Technople 5, CH-3960 Sierre, Swiss, January 17, 2013
Yitzhak Spiegel, Nematology
ARO, The Volcani Center



1. Obligate parasites



2. Stylet
Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne)
are one of the most damaging plant-
parasitic species. These sedentary
endo-parasites cause root galls and
alter the root metabolism.

The infective juveniles and eggs are the
preferable candidates for microbial & chemical
attacks in soil.
J2
eggs
J4
J3
Mature
female
Egg
mass
Giant
cell
The damage caused
by plant-parasitic
nematodes parasitism is
estimated by more than
100 billion dollars world-
wide
One billion $ - the
market for
nematicides and
sterilants to be
replaced.

Resistant varieties

Chemical control

Agrotechnical methods (e.g. fallow)

Physical control (e.g. soil solarization, steam
sterilization)

Biological control
Before
planting
Organic farm Active compound Licensed in
Europe
Condor 91%
Telon 94%
------------ 1,3
DICHLOROPROPENE
Banned
Paladin
------------ DIMETHYL
DISULPHIDE
Banned

Edigan
------------ METHAM SODIUM
Approved
Chloropicrin
------------
CHLOROPICRIN Banned
Available soil sterilization agents active against nematodes
We have left with soil solarization, animal manure &
steam
Commercial
Name
Organic
farming
Active component Licensed in
EU
Nemacur
------------
PHENAMIPHOS Approved

Vydate
------------
OXAMYL Approved
Super Rugbi
------------
CADUSAFOS Banned
Vertimec
------------
ABAMECTIN Not approved

MCW
------------
FLUENSULFONE Within a
process
Bionem Biosafe Bacillus firmus Approved
Nematicides applied during growth period
From the Petri dish to the field














0
10
20
30
40
50
60
treated
inoculated
non treated
inoculated
treated non
inoculated
non treated not
inoculated
The effect of water treatment
on top fresh weight
g

t
o
p

f
r
e
s
h

w
e
i
g
h
t

/

p
l
a
n
t

0
1
2
3
4
5
treated non treated
The effect of water treatment on galling
formation
G
a
l
l
i
n
g

i
n
d
e
x

(
0
-
5
)

0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
treated water non treated
The effect of water treatment on eggs
production per root system
N
o
.

o
f

e
g
g
s

p
e
r

r
o
o
t

s
y
s
t
e
m

0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
treated non treated
The effect of water treatment on eggs
production per g root
E
g
g
s

p
e
r

g

r
o
o
t

a
b