DSP processors for controlling the UPQC system

1
AJAL.A.J, CHIE !E"#$% & I!E# S$LU#I$" & 'E%ALA
(
CHI''U J$SE Assist)nt professor )t *EC & '$+HI'$DE
,
!A"U JAC$- , P* SCH$LA%
!)il. ec(re)ch/gm)il.com mo0 . 1234,3567(
A-S#%AC#: A short dip in supply voltage,
unnoticed by the majority of electricity
consumers, can still stop an entire production
line in highly sensitive industries such as
computer chip manufacturing, oil refining
..etc.We have to develop and successfully
introduce systems to overcome these obstacles
by means of advanced power electronics. In this
paper , a noval approach on active series & shunt
power line conditioner upqc unified power
quality conditioner ! has been described. It is a
combination of a "#A#$%& as well as '() .a
series compensating stage connected before the
load in series with the mains using a matching
transformer. *+,$ can mitigate voltage sag,
swell, voltage transient & voltage unbalance.
*+,$ can supply (A) to the load. '"+ based
controller is connected to *+,$ in order to
increase the system performance
8hy is Po9er Q:)lity Import)nt;
In a nut shell we can brief it as [1 ]
- $ost
- $ompetitiveness
- 'own time
- .osses
- .oss of life
- &etering error
- /&$
- +roper service to the load
C:stom Po9er De<ices
$oncept introduced hingorani. $ustom power
devices enhance the quality and reliability of
power delivered to the customer .$ustom power
devices are designed to improve the quality of
power at their point of installation of power
distribution systems. #hey are not primarly
designed to improve power quality of the entire
system.With a custom power device ,a customer
will be able to receive a prespecified quality of
electric power with a combination of
specifications including bt not limited to small
phase imbalance, .ow flic0er in supply vtg,
$ontrol of power interruptions, $ontrol of
supply vtg freq, .ow harmonic distortion in
supply, load voltage and current.
UPQC *+,$ stands for *nified +ower ,uality
$onditioner. *+,$ is an active series & shunt
power line conditioner. It is a combination of
"#A#$%& as well as '() 1 a series
compensating stage connected before the load in
series with the mains using a matching
transformer. *+,$ is the ideal power electronic
device to solve the power quality problems.
*+,$ can mitigate voltage sag, swell, voltage
transients and voltage unbalance. *+,$ can
supply (A) to the load
2ig:3 #he topology of a three1phase *+,$ with
different loads. [2]
2ig:4 *+,$ 'emystified
#he major components present in *+,$
includes
3. "eries converter
4. "hunt converter
5. &id point 6to 6ground '$ capacitor
ban0
7. .ow pass filter
8. 9igh pass filter
:. "eries and shunt transformers
Ho9 S#A#C$! 9or= in the UPQC;
"hunt Active "eries "#A#$%&" has the
capability to generate and absorb variable
reactive power by switching the I;<# based
voltage source converter ("$!. "#A#$%&
belongs to a synchronous lin0 converter ".$!.
#he supply voltage ad +W& voltage generated
by the converter are isolated by a <oost reactor.
*sing ', #heory the change in fundamental
component of the +W& voltage allow the
converter to draw either .eading or lagging
supply current form the mains. #he converter is
capable of generating capacitive or inductive
current based on the feedbac0 ta0en from the
load current.#he I;<# based voltage source
converter ("$! generates an A$ voltage which
is in phase with the mains voltage. #his voltage
determines the direction of the current flowing
through the reactor lag=lead. When the voltage
generated by the ("$ greater than the mains
voltage a leading reactive currents is drawn from
the mains and the "#A#$%& acts li0e a
capacitor. In the case when the mains voltage is
greater than the voltage developed by the ("$, a
lagging current is drawn from the mains and the
"#A#$%& acts li0e a reactor.
Ho9 D>% 9or= the UPQC ;
A '() 'ynamic (oltage )estorer!1is a solid
state electronic +ower $onditioner '()
provides a constant output voltage which gives a
clean sinusoidal waveform free from spi0es,
transients, voltage sags, voltage dips, under
voltage and over voltage.
2ig:4 line diagram of '()
#he '() maintains the applied to the connected
load during sags and swells by injecting a
compensating voltage of proper magnitude and
phase angle through a series transformer. It is
capable of injecting up 58> of line1to1ground
voltage on all three phases of the feeder, for up
to 4? cycles. It can corrects for up to 4? cycles. It
can thus corrects for the vase majority of sags
and swells originating on the distribution system
including under voltage and over voltage.
'ey fe)t:res. [3 ]
- '() response time @ 3 ms
- +ower ratings
- Available for indoor installation or in
weatherproof containers
- /fficiency better than A8.8 >
#he inverter in the '() can boost & buc0 the
line voltage by 4?15?> of the mains voltage to
provide a constant voltage to the connected load.
#he '() is having eBcellent dynamics with a
correction speed of less 3 millisecond which is
far superior to a servo stabiliCer.
-enefits of D>%
)educers losses from process shut down
and product degradation
+rotects eBpensive and sensitive production
equipment from voltage anomalies
&inimiCes the potentials for production shut
downs due to faults elsewhere on the
distribution systems including those caused
by the lightning stri0es.
UPQC is ) tot)l of S#A#C$! )n? D>%
2ig:5 line diagram of *+,$
E@:i<)lent circ:it of UPQC [ 4 ]
2ig:7 /quivalent circuit of *+,$
Sim:lin= mo?el of UPQC
U"C#I$"
- .oad (oltage )egulation by series (oltage
Injection.
- 'ynamic $urrent injection for reactive power
compensation
*+,$ issued to compensate voltage and current
harmonics, control input power factor to near
unity as well as regulate the load voltage. It can
be installed by the electric utilities to damp out
harmonic propagation caused by resonance with
line impedance and passive shunt
compensators.+ower 2actor correction system
ensures optimum power for the running loads,
thereby:
a! Avoidance of +ower 2actor penalty b!
)eduction in &aBimum 'emand D(A! c!
)eduction in /nergy DW9! $onsumption
d! $laim higher +ower 2actor Incentives
DSP -ASED C$"#%$LLE%S I" UPQC
#!S ,(3 C5A nomencl)t:re
#!A . /Bperimental device
#!P . +rototype
#!S . ,ualified device
C. $&%" #ech with on 6 chip non1
volatile memory as )%&
E. $&%" tech with on1chip non 6
volatile memory as /+)%&
nothing . E&%" tech with on1chip non
6 volatile mem as )%&
5 . ;eneration
A . (ersion number1 ?,3,4,5,7B,8,:,F
24GB denotes all the 2lash devices
We have gone for an industrial training at 9y0on
industries pvt ltd in 0erala . <elow shown is the
snap shot of *+,$ manufactured there.


2ig:8 bloc0 diagram of '"+ based controller
connected to *+,$
2ig:: <loc0 diagram of '"+ based control board
fig: F A 48? D(A *+,$ product from 9y0on
india p! ltd.
:t:re Scope
#he economics for the capacity
enhancement of *+,$ should also be
analyCed.the fleBibility of *+,$ to
increase its capacity in future and to
cope up with the increase load demand
in low voltage distribution level has not
been achieved.simulations to be carried
out by the PSCADH= /&#'$I 1
/lectro&agnetic #ransients including
'$
Concl:sion
#he effects of power quality problems
on the loads and other components
depend on the type of components and
the type of quality problems. #he
sensitivity of loads to power quality is
variable even with a specific category of
loads. #his paper mention *+,$ and
simulation model using simulin0 has
been carried out. 'etail on #!S ,(3 C5A
'"+ processors has been carried out
successfully.
%EE%E"CE
[1] A PSERC Tutorial on Contemporary Topics
in Electric Power Quality , G. T. Heyt ,
Ari!ona State "ni#ersity
[$] %. Ron& et al. ' Simulation (oellin&
Practice an T)eory 1* +$,,-. -//0-11 Paper
title2 An aapti#e )armonic etection an a
no#el current control strate&y 3or uni3ie power
4uality conitioner
[5] Analysis o3 uni3ie power 4uality
conitioner urin& #olta&e sa& an swell
conitions , 6. 7%8TH9 et al. [97ESAT] :olume ;
$, 9ssue ; 1, </ 0 -1
[= ] >)a?i?ar :, A&arwal P, C)anra A, 6arry
A 8 an @&uyen T.A, BA simple new control
tec)ni4ue 3or uni3ie power 4uality conitioner
+"PQC.C,Harmonics an Quality o3 Power,
$,,=. 11t) 9nternational Con3erence on 1$;1/
Sept.$,,=, pp. $<- 0 $-5.
A-$U# #HE AU#H$%S
AJAL.A.J $urrently wor0ing as CHIE
!E"#$% & I!E# S$LU#I$" & 'E%ALA.
AJAL.A.J completed his &/ (."I '/"I;E
In <annariamman institute of technology,
sathyamangalam, erode district under Anna
university #amil nadu India. 9e has published 34
papers in International conference, and 47 papers
in national conference. 9is area of interests
includes mobile Wi&AJ, wide band radiators,
and interference analysis.
$9IDD* K%"/ Assistant professor at ;/$ 6
D%L9ID%'/. "he had completed m tech
$ommunication and signal processing from
;/$ 6 WAMAEA' . 9er recent +ublication
includes NEnh)ncement of Color Im)ges in the
DC# Dom)in O @ational Con3erence on 9n3ormation
Tec)nolo&y, Communication an Si&nal Processin&
+CISP., &arch14?35.'one her Industrial training at
)egional #elecom #raining $entre )##$!, &ysore.
"he also attended Wor0shop on Analog "ignal
+rocessing at $ranes (arsity, <angalore
&AE* KA$%< $urrently +; "cholar ,
completed his < #ech from "E&I&#
&alian0ara.