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Practice
1.1 Using Differences to Identify Patterns
Find the next three terms in each sequence.
1. 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, . . . 2. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, . . .
3. 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, . . . 4. 26, 39, 52, 65, 78, . . .
5. 1, 6, 11, 16, 21, . . . 6. 1, 7, 3, 9, 5, 11, . . .
7. 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, . . . 8. 2, 2, 4, 6, 10, . . .
9. 7, 22, 43, 70, 103, . . . 10. 9, 36, 81,144, 225, . . .
11. 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, . . . 12. 1000, 729, 512, 343, 216, . . .
Find each sum. Think of a geometric dot pattern, but do not draw a sketch.
13. 1 ⴙ 2 ⴙ . . . ⴙ 80 14. 1 ⴙ 2 ⴙ . . . ⴙ 120
the sequence.
17. Complete the table.
Number 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Pattern 12 24 36 48
Practice
1.2 Variables, Expressions, and Equations
Given the values of the variable, complete each table to find the
values of each expression.
1. x 1 2 3 4 5 6
6x
2. n 1 2 3 4 5 6
8n ⴚ 6
3. d 2 4 6 8 10 12
3d ⴙ 21
Practice
1.3 The Algebraic Order of Operations
3. (16 ⴙ 4) ⴢ (8 ⴙ 2) 4. (16 ⴙ 4) ⴢ 8 ⴙ 2
5. 0.2(2.5) ⴙ 8 6. 16 ⴢ 37 ⴙ 88 ⴢ 49
7. 16 ⴙ 8 ⴜ 2 8. 4 ⴢ 6 ⴜ 12 ⴙ 10
12 ⴙ 6 5ⴙ3ⴢ5
9. 10.
4ⴙ2 5
11. 12 ⴙ 6 ⴜ 4 ⴙ 2 12. 90 ⴜ 3 ⴙ 5
13. 36 ⴚ 6 ⴢ 3 ⴜ 18 ⴢ 3 14. 9 ⴚ 3 ⴜ 4 ⴙ 2 ⴢ 12 ⴙ 6 ⴜ 2 ⴢ 3
15. 4 ⴙ 1 ⴢ 42 ⴚ 3 16. 6 ⴙ 33 ⴚ 18 ⴜ 6
18. 12 ⴢ 1 ⴙ 5 ⴜ 12 ⴝ 6
19. 44 ⴢ 5 ⴚ 3 ⴙ 2 ⴝ 10
20. 3ⴢ4ⴙ2ⴜ6ⴝ3
25. a2 ⴙ c 2 26. b2 ⴚ a2
27. (a ⴙ b) ⴜ c 28. a ⴙ b2 ⴚ c
Practice
1.4 Graphing With Coordinates
Graph each list of ordered pairs. State whether they lie on a straight line.
1. (4, 3), (2, 3), (ⴚ2, 3) 2. (2, ⴚ2), (4, 1), (5, 2) 3. (5, 5), (1, 2), (ⴚ3, ⴚ1)
4. (ⴚ4, ⴚ2), (ⴚ2, 0), (0, 2) 5. (ⴚ3, 4), (0, ⴚ1), (3, ⴚ5) 6. (5, 6), (2, 3), (ⴚ1, 0)
Make a table for each equation, and find the values for y by Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
substituting 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 for x.
7. yⴝxⴙ5 8. yⴝxⴚ1
9. y ⴝ 4x 10. y ⴝ 3x ⴙ 2
Practice
1.5 Representing Linear Patterns
Find the first differences for each data set, and write an
equation to represent the data pattern.
1. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 2. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
13 20 27 34 41 48 55 19 24 29 34 39 44 49
3. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 4. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 4 23 42 61 80 99 118
5. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
20 120 220 320 420 520 620
6. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
396 362 328 294 260 226 192
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Make a table of values for each question below, using 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 as values for x.
Draw a graph for each equation by plotting points from your data set.
7. y ⴝ 40x 8. y ⴝ 55 ⴙ 5x 9. y ⴝ 19x ⴙ 14 10. y ⴝ 424 ⴚ 78x
11. y ⴝ 5x ⴙ 18 12. y ⴝ 71 ⴚ 6x 13. y ⴝ 175 ⴚ 20x 14. y ⴝ 2000 ⴚ 250x
Suppose that the cost to order baseball tickets is $17 per ticket plus $2.50 handling
charge per order (regardless of how many tickets are ordered).
15. How much does an order of 4 tickets cost?
16. How much does an order of 6 tickets cost?
17. Let t represent the number of tickets, and write an equation for
the cost, c, of an order of tickets.
Practice
1.6 Scatter Plots and Lines of Best Fit
For each scatter plot, describe the correlation as strong positive,
strong negative, or little to none. Explain the reason for your answer.
1. 2. 3.
Practice
2.1 The Real Numbers and Absolute Value
Insert , , or ⴝ to make each statement true.
7
1. 5 ⴚ10 2. 1.40 1.4 3. 19.5 19 10
1 5
4. ⴚ9 3 ⴚ7 32 5. 8.8 0 6. 12.2 12.02
1 3
7. 0 ⴚ3 8. ⴚ18 ⴚ18 2 9. ⴚ2.3 2 10
1
10. 0.3 3 11. 98.59 98.6 12. 2 0.667
Practice
2.2 Adding Real Numbers
Use algebra tiles to find each sum.
1. ⴚ3 ⴙ 2 2. ⴚ4 ⴙ (ⴚ1) 3. 4 ⴙ (ⴚ5)
4. ⴚ6 ⴙ 6 5. ⴚ3 ⴙ (ⴚ7) 6. 9 ⴙ (ⴚ4)
7. 7 ⴙ (ⴚ4) 8. ⴚ7 ⴙ 9 9. ⴚ8 ⴙ 3
10. 10 ⴙ (ⴚ9) 11. ⴚ1 ⴙ (ⴚ9) 12. (ⴚ6) ⴙ (ⴚ2)
13. ⴚ4 ⴙ (ⴚ1) ⴙ 3 14. 5 ⴙ (ⴚ1) ⴙ (ⴚ2) 15. ⴚ3 ⴙ (ⴚ4) ⴙ 2
Practice
2.3 Subtracting Real Numbers
Use algebra tiles to find each difference.
1. 3ⴚ2 2. ⴚ3 ⴚ (ⴚ2) 3. 3 ⴚ (ⴚ2)
4. ⴚ3 ⴚ 2 5. ⴚ4 ⴚ 3 6. ⴚ8 ⴚ (ⴚ2)
7. 4ⴚ7 8. 6 ⴚ (ⴚ5) 9. ⴚ8 ⴚ (ⴚ8)
Find the distance between each pair of points on the number line.
38. 6, 10 39. ⴚ5, 2 40. ⴚ35, ⴚ38
41. ⴚ13, 26 42. ⴚ44, ⴚ29 43. ⴚ15, 73
Practice
2.4 Multiplying and Dividing Real Numbers
Evaluate.
1. (4)(ⴚ5) 2. (3)(ⴚ5) 3. (2)(–5)
4. (ⴚ1)(ⴚ5) 5. (ⴚ2)(ⴚ5) 6. (ⴚ3)(ⴚ5)
7. (4)(ⴚ3) 8. (3)(ⴚ3) 9. (2)(ⴚ3)
10. (ⴚ1)(ⴚ3) 11. (ⴚ2)(ⴚ3) 12. (ⴚ3)(ⴚ3)
13. (ⴚ11)(ⴚ4) 14. (ⴚ11) ⴚ (ⴚ4) 15. (ⴚ7) ⴚ (ⴚ4)
16. (ⴚ42) ⴜ (ⴚ3) 17. (ⴚ35)(22) 18. (ⴚ27)(ⴚ1.3)
19. (ⴚ240) ⴜ (ⴚ8) 20. (ⴚ240) ⴙ (ⴚ8) 21. (ⴚ0.5)(ⴚ12)
22. (ⴚ2.1) ⴜ (ⴚ7) 23. (6)(5)(ⴚ7) 24. (ⴚ3)[(ⴚ1) ⴙ (ⴚ5)]
25. (ⴚ8) ⴜ [5 ⴙ (ⴚ3)] 26. (ⴚ2.5) ⴜ (ⴚ4) 27. (ⴚ7)(ⴚ3)(6)
28. (ⴚ4488) ⴜ (136) 29. (ⴚ5)(5)(5) ⴜ (5) 30. (ⴚ2)[5 ⴙ (ⴚ5)]
(8)(ⴚ1) (ⴚ2)(ⴚ14) (ⴚ2)(20)(ⴚ40)
31. 32. 33.
ⴚ8 7 ⴚ10
Practice
2.5 Properties and Mental Computation
Complete each step, and name the property used.
1. (24 ⴙ 68) ⴙ 66
ⴝ (68 ⴙ ) ⴙ 66 Commutative Property of Addition
ⴝ 68 ⴙ (24 ⴙ ) Property of Addition
ⴝ 68 ⴙ
ⴝ
2. 35(3 ⴙ 5)
ⴝ 35 ⴢ ⴙ ⴢ5 Property
ⴝ ⴙ
ⴝ
Use mental math to find each sum or product. Show your work
and explain each step.
3. (46 ⴙ 28) ⴙ 24 4. (96 ⴢ 4) ⴢ 5
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Practice
2.6 Adding and Subtracting Expressions
Use the Distributive Property to write equivalent expressions for
each expression below.
1. 4(3x ⴙ 7) 2. 5t ⴚ 35
3. 6(2a ⴚ 3) 4. 14f ⴚ 28
7. ⴚ12(2x ⴚ 8) 8. rt ⴙ rk
33. 3( f ⴙ g) ⴙ 7g 34. 5( f ⴚ h) ⴚ 4f
35. (3 ⴚ r) ⴙ (4r ⴚ 3s ⴙ 2) ⴚ (1 ⴚ s)
Practice
2.7 Multiplying and Dividing Expressions
Simplify the following expressions. Use the Distributive Property
if needed.
1. 2 ⴢ 7x 2. ⴚ4t ⴢ 3
3. 4a ⴢ 3a 4. ⴚ4(2d ⴚ 3)
ⴚ12w
5. ⴚ2.3y ⴢ y 6.
2w
7. 7y ⴢ 9y 8. rt ⴢ rk
4g ⴚ 4r
13.
4 14. ⴚ3(2 ⴚ 7m)
3 ⴙ 24r
15. 3x ⴚ (2x ⴚ 5) 16.
3
10 ⴚ 5x ⴚ18w ⴙ 12
17. 18.
ⴚ5 ⴚ6
32y ⴙ 24y
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
A telephone company charges $40 per hour for repair work, plus
a $25 service charge per job. How much would a customer be
charged for a job that takes
24. 2 hours? 25. 3.5 hours? 26. t hours?
Practice
3.1 Solving Equations by Adding and Subtracting
Solve each equation. You may use algebra tiles.
1. xⴙ1ⴝ5 2. xⴚ7ⴝ1 3. x ⴙ 3 ⴝ ⴚ2
4. x ⴚ 4 ⴝ ⴚ1 5. x ⴙ 1 ⴝ ⴚ8 6. x ⴚ 3 ⴝ ⴚ1
7. x ⴙ 5 ⴝ ⴚ2 8. xⴚ3ⴝ4 9. x ⴙ 4 ⴝ ⴚ4
State which property you would use to solve each equation. Then
solve.
10. x ⴚ 10 ⴝ 15
11. x ⴙ 14 ⴝ ⴚ25
12. 45 ⴙ r ⴝ 12
13. y ⴙ 80 ⴝ ⴚ18
14. ⴚ44 ⴙ a ⴝ 10
15. z ⴙ 250 ⴝ ⴚ100
16. y ⴚ 12 ⴝ 78
17. r ⴚ 275 ⴝ 180
Practice
3.2 Solving Equations by Multiplying and Dividing
State the property needed to solve each equation. Then solve it.
x
1.
36 ⴝ 6 2. 5.75p ⴝ 46
x
3. 8 ⴝ ⴚ64y 4.
3 ⴝ3
r
5. 6b ⴝ 54 6.
ⴚ5 ⴝ 5
x c
12.
3 ⴝ ⴚ24 13. 9y ⴝ 153 14.
44 ⴝ ⴚ44
x
15.
0.07 ⴝ 5 16. 8t ⴝ ⴚ35 17. 0.66p ⴝ 4.62
b
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
m x
21.
ⴚ15 ⴝ 0 22.
6 ⴝ ⴚ3 23. 4.4 ⴝ 2.2t
x
24. 16n ⴝ 320 25. ⴚ4v ⴝ 68.8 26.
ⴚ2 ⴝ ⴚ125
3
27. ⴚ480 ⴝ ⴚ24z 28. 10d ⴝ 5 29. 0.25q ⴝ 25
w p
30.
0.5 ⴝ ⴚ15 31. ⴚ1 ⴝ ⴚ555 32. ⴚ495 ⴝ 99y
Practice
3.3 Solving Two-Step Equations
Solve each equation.
1. 2x ⴙ 1 ⴝ 5 2. 2y ⴚ 4 ⴝ 10
3. 6 ⴙ 3z ⴝ 18 4. 7 ⴚ 5w ⴝ 22
5. ⴚ15 ⴚ 6c ⴝ 3 6. 9b ⴙ 4 ⴝ ⴚ14
7. 3a ⴚ 7 ⴝ ⴚ28 8. 11 ⴙ 2p ⴝ ⴚ17
15. 32 ⴝ 8f ⴙ 16 16. 6 ⴝ 9g ⴚ 12
c b
23. 10 ⴝ ⴚ30 ⴚ 5 24.
9 ⴙ 3 ⴝ ⴚ4
a p
25.
5 ⴚ 2 ⴝ ⴚ7 26. 2 ⴙ 2 ⴝ ⴚ9
q r
27. 4 ⴚ 7 ⴝ ⴚ3 28.
10 ⴙ 1.1 ⴝ 0.2
m u
29.
12 ⴚ 2.1 ⴝ 0.9 30. ⴚ8 ⴚ 0.8 ⴝ 3.2
1 v 1 2 f 1
31. 13 ⴙ 2 ⴝ 22 32. ⴚ3 ⴝ ⴚ6 ⴙ 12
1 g 1 1 h 1
33.
4 ⴝ 2 ⴚ8 34. 26 ⴚ 18 ⴝ 3
Practice
3.4 Solving Multistep Equations
Solve each equation.
1. 4x ⴙ 7 ⴝ 3x ⴙ 18 2. 5y ⴚ 5 ⴝ 7y ⴚ 3
3. 4a ⴚ 6 ⴝ ⴚ2a ⴙ 14 4. 4m ⴚ 5 ⴝ 3m ⴙ 7
5. 5x ⴚ 7 ⴝ 3x ⴙ 2 6. 10y ⴙ 10 ⴝ 4 ⴚ 4y
7. 13 ⴚ 8v ⴝ 5v ⴙ 2 8. 7 ⴚ 5y ⴝ 4y ⴚ 2
9. 2 ⴙ 3y ⴝ 4y ⴚ 1 10. ⴚ7 ⴚ 3z ⴝ 8 ⴙ 2z
11. 7w ⴚ 19 ⴝ 5w ⴚ 5 12. 28 ⴙ 2a ⴝ 5a ⴙ 7
13. 5x ⴙ 32 ⴝ 8 ⴚ x 14. m ⴚ 12 ⴝ 3m ⴙ 4
Practice
3.5 Using the Distributive Property
Solve each equation.
1. 2(a ⴙ 2) ⴝ 2 2. 3(b ⴚ 3) ⴝ 3
3. 4(c ⴚ 4) ⴝ 4 4. 5(5 ⴚ d) ⴝ ⴚ5
5. 6(6 ⴚ e) ⴝ 6 6. ⴚ7( f ⴙ 7) ⴝ 7
7. ⴚ8(8 ⴚ g) ⴝ 8 8. 1 ⴙ 4(2h ⴙ 1) ⴝ ⴚ35
9. 3(5i ⴚ 2) ⴙ 2 ⴝ 26 10. 7(2 ⴚ j) ⴚ 5 ⴝ 30
11. ⴚ4 ⴚ 6(2 ⴚ k) ⴝ 8 12. 20 ⴚ 3(m ⴚ 1) ⴝ ⴚ4
13. 5(n ⴙ 2) ⴝ 3n 14. ⴚ2(2p ⴚ 3) ⴝ 2p
15. 8(7 ⴚ 3q) ⴝ ⴚ17q 16. 3r ⴝ 2(7 ⴙ 5r)
17. s ⴙ 3 ⴝ 3(11 ⴚ 3s) 18. 7t ⴙ 4 ⴝ 2(7t ⴚ 5)
19. 2u ⴚ 4 ⴝ ⴚ4(u ⴚ 5) 20. 2(v ⴙ 1) ⴝ 6v ⴚ 46
21. 2(2w ⴙ 2) ⴝ 3(2w ⴚ 2) 22. ⴚ4(1 ⴙ x) ⴝ 5(1 ⴚ x)
38. 0.5(4n ⴚ 4) ⴝ 1 ⴙ 3n
Practice
3.6 Using Formulas and Literal Equations
Solve for the indicated variable.
7. tu ⴝ v ⴙ w, for u 8. x ⴝ yz ⴚ w, for z
s
Use the formula V ⴝ d for Exercises 19–21.
19. Substitute s ⴝ 10, and d ⴝ 5 in the formula, and solve for V.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Practice
4.1 Using Proportional Reasoning
28. If Dana spent $160 on 5 concert tickets, how much would 3 tickets
cost?
29. Myron bought 4 oranges for $1.40. How much would 9 oranges
cost?
30. A recipe uses 2 cups of flour and makes 24 muffins. How many cups
of flour are needed to make 30 muffins?
Practice
4.2 Percent Problems
Practice
4.3 Introduction to Probability
Two number cubes were rolled 150 times. Find each
experimental probability.
1. a sum less than 4 appeared 15 times
2. a sum of 7 appeared 11 times
3. a sum of 6 or greater appeared 85 times
Two coins were tossed 10 times with the outcomes shown in the
table below.
Trial 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Coin 1 H H T T H T H H T T
Coin 2 T T T H T H H T H T
Practice
4.4 Measures of Central Tendency
Find the mean, median, mode(s), and range for each data set.
1. 13, 13, 10, 8, 7, 6, 4, 5
mean median mode(s) range
2. 20, 30, 35, 24, 36, 47, 48
mean median mode(s) range
3. 2, 5, 4, 1, 6, 7, 4, 3, 2, 1
mean median mode(s) range
4. 130, 140, 135, 125, 160, 175
mean median mode(s) range
5. 16, 18, 39, 200, 31, 39
mean median mode(s) range
9 8 7 5 9
6. Make a frequency table for the data. 8 10 7 7 8
6 8 8 7 8
9 8 7 5 9
10 7 8 8 6
12. Suppose that another person was surveyed and said that he spends
3 hours sleeping at night. How would this affect the mean, median,
mode, and range?
Practice
4.5 Graphing Data
The graphs below show the monthly CD sales for two different
music stores.
Carl’s Music Place The Music Store
Monthly CD Sales Monthly CD Sales
$20,000 $40,000
$15,000 $30,000
$10,000 $20,000
$5000 $10,000
$0 $0
J F M A M J F M A M
1. During which month were the sales at Carl’s Music Place the
greatest? What were the sales?
2. During which month were the sales at Carl’s Music Place the least?
What were the sales?
Practice
4.6 Other Data Displays
In the table at right are the ages of the first
57 61 57 57 58 57
42 presidents of the United States when
they were sworn into office. 61 54 68 51 49 64
50 48 65 52 56 46
1. In the space below, make a stem-and-leaf plot
54 49 50 47 55 55
of the data.
54 42 51 56 55 51
54 51 60 62 43 55
56 61 52 69 64 46
Practice
5.1 Linear Functions and Graphs
For each relation, identify the domain and range, and state
whether it is a function.
1. (1, 2), (3, 4), (5, 6), (7, 8), (9, 13) 2. (6, 3), (9, ⴚ4), (8, ⴚ4), (3, 3), (0, 3)
a. domain: a. domain:
b. range: b. range:
c. c.
3. (7, 1), (10, 7), (0, 8), (2, 17), (7, 3) 4. (14, 2), (16, 0), (18, ⴚ2), (20, 0), (22, 2)
a. domain: a. domain:
b. range: b. range:
c. c.
5. (1.7, 7), (1.5, 5), (1.3, 3), (1.1, 1), (1.9, 9) 6. ( 12 , 2), ( 13 , 3), ( 14 , 4), ( 15 , 5), (1, 1)
a. domain: a. domain:
b. range: b. range:
c. c.
7. (4, 2), (9, 3), (4, ⴚ2), (9, ⴚ3), (5, 25) 8. (1.2, 17), (1.56, 1987), (0.67, 98), (0.988, 1)
Practice
5.2 Defining Slope
Examine the graphs below. Which lines have a positive slope?
Which have a negative slope? Which have neither?
1. y 2. y 3. y 4. y
x x x x
y
Use the graph to find the slope of each line.
↔ ↔
5. AB CD
6. E F
↔ ↔ A C
7. EF 8. GH
↔ ↔ D
9. IJ 10. KL H
↔ ↔ B G
11. MN 12. PQ
K O
x
Find the slope of each line.
I L M
rise: ⴚ5; run: ⴚ5
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
N
15. rise: ⴚ3; run: 4 16. rise: ⴚ2; run: ⴚ5 J Q
Practice
5.3 Rate of Change and Direct Variation
The graph at right shows the speed at which 65
Michael traveled on a highway. 60
55
1. What was the greatest speed that Michael traveled ? 50
Speed (mph)
45
40
35
30
2. What does the horizontal segment of the graph 25
20
represent? How long does Michael stay at this 15
speed? 10
5
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Time (minutes)
3. What does the segment with a negative slope tell you
about Michael’s speed?
4. What does the segment with a positive slope tell you about Michael’s speed?
6. y ⴝ 2 when x ⴝ 8
7. y ⴝ 9 when x ⴝ 3
8. y ⴝ 7 when x ⴝ 1.4
9. y ⴝ 18 when x ⴝ 11
10. y ⴝ 21 when x ⴝ 18
11. y ⴝ 42 when x ⴝ 7
12. y ⴝ 8 when x ⴝ 56
13. y ⴝ 12 when x ⴝ 22
14. y ⴝ 10 when x ⴝ 40
Practice
5.4 The Slope-Intercept Form
Give the coordinates of the point where each line crosses
the y-axis.
1. y ⴝ 3x ⴙ 4 2. y ⴝ 2x ⴚ 3
1
3. y ⴝ 2x 4. yⴝ2ⴚx
15. (ⴚ2, ⴚ4), (5, ⴚ1) 16. (ⴚ1, ⴚ2), (ⴚ3, ⴚ4)
Practice
5.5 The Standard and Point-Slope Forms
Write each equation in standard form.
1. 2x ⴝ ⴚ5y ⴙ 11 2. 3y ⴝ ⴚx ⴚ 20
3. 4x ⴚ 7y ⴙ 15 ⴝ 0 4. 9x ⴝ 6y
1
5. 2x ⴙ 10 ⴝ 3y ⴚ 1 6. 2x ⴝ 2 y ⴙ 3
7. xⴙyⴝ5 8. 3x ⴙ 5y ⴝ 15
9. 4x ⴚ 3y ⴝ 12 10. x ⴚ 3y ⴝ 6
11. x ⴚ y ⴝ ⴚ3 12. 4x ⴝ ⴚ5y
2
13. 2x ⴙ y ⴝ 1 14. xⴝ3y
x
15.
4 ⴚyⴝ2 16. x ⴝ ⴚ6y ⴚ 2
Practice
5.6 Parallel and Perpendicular Lines
Write the slope of a line that is parallel to each line.
1. y ⴝ 2x ⴚ 5 2. y ⴝ ⴚx ⴙ 2
3. 3x ⴙ y ⴝ 10 4. 5x ⴚ y ⴝ 11
5. x ⴙ 2y ⴝ 6 6. 2x ⴚ 3y ⴝ 9
7. 4x ⴙ y ⴝ 3 8. x ⴙ 2y ⴝ 14
18.
Write an equation for the line that contains the point (ⴚ1, 2) and is
23. parallel to the line y ⴝ x ⴚ 6.
24. perpendicular to the line y ⴝ ⴚx.
Practice
6.1 Solving Inequalities
State whether each inequality is true or false.
1. 58ⴚ2 2. ⴚ1 ⴚ 1 0 3. ⴚ1 5 ⴚ 6
4. ⴚ1 ⴙ 2 3 5. ⴚ4 ⴚ 2 4 6. 86ⴚ4
7. 7ⴚ91 8. 12 9 ⴚ 10 9. 3 ⴚ8 ⴙ 11
23. x
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
24. x
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
25. x
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
26. x
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
27. x
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
28. x
–8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
Practice
6.2 Multistep Inequalities
Write an inequality that corresponds to each statement.
1. x is less than y. 2. W is greater than B.
5. r is positive. 6. q is nonnegative.
1 1
15.
7 5 16. ⴚ5 ⴚ2 17. ⴚ6 ⴚ4
Practice
6.3 Compound Inequalities
Solve each compound inequality.
1. 4p ⴚ2 and 2 ⴙ p ⴚ5 2. 3m 9 or 2m 8
x
3.
2 4 and 3x 9 4. a ⴙ 4 1 or a ⴙ 1 0
x 1 x ⴚ1 x 1
5.
8 2 and 6 3 6.
4 16 or 2x ⴚ 2 3
x
7. 2x ⴚ 1 1 and 6x ⴙ 4 16 8.
2 ⴙ 1 7 or x ⴚ 11 7
3w 1 1
9. 3w ⴚ 2 3 and 2 ⴙ 1 2 10. 6k ⴚ 1 2 or 2k ⴙ 2 2
13. ⴚ5 x 4 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
x
14. ⴚ6 x 6 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
x
15. x ⴚ4 or x 0 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
x
16. x ⴚ8 or x ⴚ7 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
x
17. x ⴚ4 or x 2 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
x
18. 7x8 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
x
19. ⴚ1 x 2 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
x
Practice
6.4 Absolute-Value Functions
Find each of the following.
1. ⱍ17 ⴚ 3ⱍ 2. ⱍ3 ⴚ 17ⱍ 3. ⱍ3 ⴚ (ⴚ17)ⱍ
4. ⱍⴚ3 ⴚ (ⴚ17)ⱍ 5. ⴚⱍ17 ⴚ 3ⱍ 6. ⴚⱍ3 ⴚ 17ⱍ
Practice
6.5 Absolute-Value Equations and Inequalities
Find the values of x that solve each absolute-value equation.
Check your answers.
1. ⱍx ⴙ 2ⱍ ⴝ 5 2. ⱍx ⴙ 6ⱍ ⴝ 7
3. ⱍx ⴚ 7ⱍ ⴝ 4 4. ⱍx ⴚ 3ⱍ ⴝ 5
5. ⱍ4x ⴚ 2ⱍ ⴝ 6 6. ⱍ3x ⴙ 5ⱍ ⴝ 11
10. ⱍx ⴙ 1ⱍ 8
11. ⱍⴚ2 ⴚ xⱍ 4 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
12. ⱍx ⴙ 1ⱍ 4 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
13. ⱍx ⴚ 3ⱍ 2 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
14. ⱍ4 ⴚ xⱍ 5 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
15. ⱍx ⴙ 2ⱍ 2 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
16. ⱍx ⴚ 5ⱍ 1 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
17. ⱍx ⴙ 2ⱍ 2 –8 –6 –4 –2 0 2 4 6 8
Practice
7.1 Graphing Systems of Equations
Solve by graphing. Round solutions to the nearest tenth if
necessary. Check algebraically.
1. 再 xⴙyⴝ4
2x ⴚ y ⴝ 5
2. 再 xⴙyⴝ0
3x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 10
3. 再 2x ⴙ y ⴝ 7
xⴙyⴝ3
y y y
6 6 6
4 4 4
2 2 2
x x x
– 6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6 –6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6 –6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6
–2 –2 –2
–4 –4 –4
–6 –6 –6
4. 再 xⴙyⴝ1
2x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 6
5. 再 3x ⴙ 2y ⴝ 9
4x ⴚ y ⴝ 1
6. 再 3x ⴚ 4y ⴝ ⴚ4
6x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 1
y y y
6 6 6
4 4 4
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
2 2 2
x x x
– 6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6 –6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6 –6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6
–2 –2 –2
–4 –4 –4
–6 –6 –6
7. 再 yⴝxⴙ3
y ⴝ 2x ⴚ 2
8. 再 y ⴝ 3x ⴙ 1
y ⴝ ⴚx ⴙ 5
9. 再 y ⴝ 5x ⴚ 1
y ⴝ ⴚ2x ⴙ 6
10. 再 yⴝxⴙ8
y ⴝ 4x ⴚ 2
11. 再 xⴙyⴝ4
xⴚyⴝ8
12. 再 4x ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ2
y ⴝ ⴚx ⴙ 4
Practice
7.2 The Substitution Method
Solve and check each system by using the substitution method.
1. 再 y ⴝ 2x
2x ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ12
2. 再 yⴝxⴙ3
3x ⴙ y ⴝ 11
3. 再 y ⴝ 2x ⴙ 1
x ⴙ 3y ⴝ 31
4. 再 xⴙyⴝ3
4x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 18
5. 再 2x ⴚ 3y ⴝ ⴚ25
3x ⴙ y ⴝ 1
6. 再 x ⴚ 2y ⴝ ⴚ3
4x ⴚ 3y ⴝ 8
7. 再 2x ⴙ 5y ⴝ ⴚ7
3x ⴚ y ⴝ ⴚ2
8. 再 2x ⴚ y ⴝ ⴚ11
3x ⴚ 6y ⴝ 6
9. 再 xⴚyⴝ4
2x ⴚ 3y ⴝ 6
10. 再 3x ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ3
x ⴚ 3y ⴝ 11
11. 再 x ⴚ y ⴝ 10
2x ⴙ 3y ⴝ 5
12. 再 2x ⴙ y ⴝ 2
4x ⴚ 2y ⴝ ⴚ4
13. 再 x ⴝ y ⴚ 4.2
2x ⴚ 3y ⴝ ⴚ9
14. 再 ⴚ2x ⴚ y ⴝ 4
x ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ3
15. 再 4x ⴚ y ⴝ ⴚ2
ⴚ8x ⴙ y ⴝ 3
16. 再 2x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 2
3x ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ9
17. 再 y ⴝ 2x
2x ⴙ y ⴝ 7
18. 再 xⴙyⴝ2
x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 0
y y
6 6
4 4
2 2
x x
–6 –4 –2 O 2 4 6 –6 –4 –2 2 4 6
–2 –2
–4 –4
–6 –6
Practice
7.3 The Elimination Method
Solve each system of equations by elimination, and check your
solutions.
1. 再 x ⴙ y ⴝ 10
xⴚyⴝ2
2. 再 x ⴚ 3y ⴝ ⴚ13
ⴚx ⴙ 4y ⴝ 15
3. 再 4x ⴙ 2y ⴝ 2
5x ⴙ 2y ⴝ 4
4. 再 5x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 3
5x ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ9
5. 再 3x ⴙ 2y ⴝ 8
2x ⴚ 6y ⴝ 42
6. 再 x ⴙ 2y ⴝ ⴚ1
4x ⴙ 3y ⴝ ⴚ9
7. 再 3x ⴙ 4y ⴝ 22
x ⴚ 5y ⴝ ⴚ37
8. 再 2x ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ1
7x ⴚ 5y ⴝ 5
9. 再 2x ⴚ 5y ⴝ ⴚ19
3x ⴙ 2y ⴝ 0
10. 再 4x ⴙ 3y ⴝ 27
3x ⴙ 4y ⴝ 29
11. 再 2x ⴚ 3y ⴝ 6
x ⴙ 3y ⴝ 12
12. 再 x ⴙ 5y ⴝ ⴚ13
2x ⴚ 5y ⴝ ⴚ19
13. 再 xⴙyⴝ0
2x ⴚ y ⴝ 12
14. 再 2x ⴙ 2y ⴝ ⴚ8
3x ⴚ 3y ⴝ 18
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
15. 再 x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 11
2x ⴙ 2y ⴝ ⴚ8
16. 再 2x ⴚ y ⴝ ⴚ6
2x ⴙ 3y ⴝ 14
17. 再 2x ⴚ 7y ⴝ 5
5x ⴚ 4y ⴝ ⴚ1
18. 再 5x ⴚ 7y ⴝ ⴚ16
4x ⴚ 2y ⴝ ⴚ20
19. 再 x ⴝ 5y
3x ⴚ 4y ⴝ 11
20. 再 0.3x ⴚ 0.5y ⴝ 2
0.3x ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ4
21. 再 1
2
1
xⴙ3yⴝ4
ⴚ3y ⴝ x ⴚ 22
22. 再 2 1
3x ⴙ 4 y ⴝ 2
2x ⴙ y ⴝ 4
23. 再 7x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 6
9x ⴚ 3y ⴝ 6
24. 再 0.7x ⴚ 1.6y ⴝ 15
0.3x ⴙ 0.4y ⴝ 1
Practice
7.4 Consistent and Inconsistent Systems
1. 再 xⴙyⴝ5
ⴚ2x ⴚ 2y ⴝ ⴚ10
2. 再 x ⴙ 2y ⴝ 6
x ⴙ 2y ⴝ ⴚ4
3. 再 2x ⴚ y ⴝ 1
xⴙyⴝ5
4. 再 3x ⴙ y ⴝ 5
3x ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ2
5. 再 2y ⴝ ⴚx ⴚ 4
2x ⴝ ⴚ4y ⴚ 8
6. 再 4x ⴚ 2y ⴝ ⴚ2
y ⴝ 2x ⴙ 1
7. 再 3x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 6
ⴚ6x ⴙ 4y ⴝ ⴚ12
8. 再 xⴚyⴝ2
ⴚx ⴙ y ⴝ ⴚ2
9. 再 4x ⴙ y ⴝ 10
y ⴝ ⴚ4x ⴙ 5
10. 再 2x ⴙ y ⴝ 3
4x ⴝ 6 ⴚ y
11. 再 2x ⴙ y ⴝ 8
y ⴝ ⴚ2x ⴙ 8
12. 再 3x ⴚ y ⴝ 3
y ⴝ 3x ⴚ 9
15. 再 6x ⴚ 2y ⴝ ⴚ10
y ⴝ 3x ⴙ 2
16. 再 y ⴙ 6x ⴝ 18
y ⴝ ⴚ7x ⴙ 2
17. 再 y ⴙ 4x ⴝ 3
2y ⴝ 8x ⴙ 6
18. 再 xⴚyⴝ3
2y ⴝ 2x ⴙ 6
19. 再 y ⴝ 3x ⴙ 1
3x ⴝ 1 ⴚ y
20. 再 3x ⴝ y ⴙ 2
3y ⴝ x ⴙ 2
21. 再 4ⴝxⴚy
8 ⴙ 2y ⴝ 2x
22. 再 x ⴙ 5y ⴝ 10
y ⴝ 5x ⴚ 10
23. 再 4x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 1
2x ⴚ 4y ⴝ ⴚ1
24. 再 5x ⴚ 2y ⴝ 4
5x ⴚ 4 ⴝ 2y
Practice
7.5 Systems of Inequalities
Graph the common solution of each system on your own graph
paper. Choose a point from the solution and use it to check both
inequalities.
1. 再 yxⴙ4
y2
2. 再 xⴙy0
y ⴚ1
3. 再 y3
x ⴚ2
4. 再 yxⴚ2
y ⴚx ⴙ 2
5. 再 yxⴚ3
y ⴚ2x ⴙ 1
6. 再 y 3x
ⴚ2y 5x
7. 再 4x ⴙ y 2
2x ⴚ y 4
8. 再 x ⴙ 2y 4
3x ⴚ y 2
9. 再 5x ⴚ y 3
4x ⴙ y 0
10. 再 3x ⴚ 5y ⴚ10
x ⴙ 4y 4
11. 再 2x ⴙ 3y 0
3x ⴚ y ⴚ3
12. 再 3x ⴙ 2y 6
x ⴚ y ⴚ3
13. y 14. y
(2, 5)
(3, –3)
Practice
7.6 Classic Puzzles in Two Variables
1. The tens digit of a 2-digit number is twice the units digit. The sum of
the digits is 12. Find the original number.
2. Olga has 5 times as many dimes as nickels. If she has $3.30, how
many of each coin does she have?
5. The sum of Nora’s age and her grandmother’s age is 71. Four times
Nora’s age is 6 less than her grandmother’s age. Find their ages.
6. Sailing with the current, a boat takes 3 hours to travel 48 miles. The
return trip, against the current, takes 4 hours. Find the average speed
of the boat for the entire trip and the speed of the current.
8. Find the two-digit number whose tens digit is 3 less than the units digit.
The original number is 6 more than 4 times the sum of the digits.
10. A chemist has a solution that is 20% peroxide and another solution
that is 70% peroxide. She wishes to make 100 L of a solution that is
35% peroxide. How much of each solution should she use?
Practice
8.1 Laws of Exponents: Multiplying Monomials
5. 1002 6. 65 7. 107 8. 33
15. c 3 ⴢ c 8 16. d7 ⴢ d 9
17. x2 ⴢ x8 18. w3 ⴢ w5
1
The area, A, of a triangle is given by A ⴝ 2 bh, where b is the base
and h is the height. Find the area of the triangle given the values
of b and h.
31. h ⴝ 5x, b ⴝ 2x 32. h ⴝ x3, b ⴝ x4
Practice
8.2 Laws of Exponents: Powers and Products
27. What is the area of a rectangle if one side has a length of 12x 3 and
the other side has a length of 6x 2 ?
29. e ⴝ 3x 7y 5
e
Practice
8.3 Laws of Exponents: Dividing Monomials
ⴚ2d11f 6 2
10. ( 3wg )
6
3
11.
ⴚ4s6 3
( )
t 3r 5 12. ( )c 18
13. ( 30d
5d ) 4
5
14. ( ⴚ24t
8t ) 3
6 3
15. ( )
d 11 f 16 2
d6f 6
ⴚ16w 7r 2 a 5b 5c 5 4.2x 4y 14
19. 20. 21.
ⴚ4wr ⴚa 2 b 3c 4 0.6x 9y 9
z xⴙ1 z xⴙx
28.
zx 29. yⴙ3
z 30. ( xzy ) 3
Practice
8.4 Negative and Zero Exponents
5 70
25. 26.
x ⴚ1 (xy)0
yⴚ6 rt ⴚ4
27. 2 28.
y t3
wⴚ8 3qⴚ5
29. 30.
wⴚ2 qⴚ5
ⴚ2aⴚ4 5qⴚ4
31. 32. 2 ⴚ2
a 2b qs
(2a3)(3a5) (7dⴚ6)(ⴚ4dⴚ2)
33. 34.
aⴚ2 2dⴚ4
xⴚ4 x 3 ⴚz3zⴚ6
35. ⴚ2 4 36.
x x ⴚ3z 2
Practice
8.5 Scientific Notation
Write each number in scientific notation.
1. 200,000 2. 500,000,000
3. 210,000 4. 40,000
5. 6,500,000,000 6. 840,000,000
7. 466,000,000,000 8. 37,500
19. 20.
Practice
8.6 Exponential Functions
Graph each of the following:
1. y ⴝ 7x 2. y ⴝ 0.1x 3. y ⴝ 1.5x
y y y
6 6 6
4 4 4
2 2 2
x x
x –4 –2 O 2 4 –4 –2 O 2 4
–4 –2 O 2 4 –2 –2
–2
–4 –4
–4
–6 –6
–6
x
(1)
If f (x) ⴝ 2 , find the following values for the function:
The population of a city is about 200,000 and is growing at a rate of about 0.6% per year.
15. What multiplier is used to find the new population each year?
16. Estimate the population 4 years from now.
Practice
8.7 Applications of Exponential Functions
From 1964 to 1992 the percent of female drivers in the United States rose steadily. The percent
increase is modeled by y ⫽ 40(1.03)x, where x is the number of years, beginning with x ⴝ 0 in
1964, and y is the percent increase.
1. Use the model to estimate the percent increase of female drivers in
the United States in 1975.
2. Estimate the percent increase of female drivers in the United States
in the year 2000.
Number of years 0 1 2 3 4 5
Value (in millions)
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Practice
9.1 Adding and Subtracting Polynomials
1. Write the polynomials and the sum – – –
modeled by the tiles. + + + + +
– –
– –
+ –
– – –
+ + + + +
– – –
–
Practice
9.2 Modeling Polynomial Multiplication
Write the factors and the product for each model.
1. + – – – 2. + + + +
+
+
+ + – – – + + + + +
+ + + + +
Practice
9.3 Multiplying Binomials
Use the Distributive Property to find each product.
1. (a ⴙ 4)(a ⴙ 5) 2. (2n ⴚ 3)(n ⴚ 2)
3. (t ⴙ 6)(2t ⴚ 3) 4. (4y ⴚ 1)(2y ⴙ 3)
5. (4c ⴚ 3)(4c ⴚ 1) 6. (x ⴙ 2)(x ⴚ 8)
7. (p ⴚ 7)(6p ⴙ 2) 8. (8f ⴙ 1)(8f ⴙ 1)
9. (4x ⴙ 3)(4x ⴚ 3) 10. (5w ⴚ 6)(5w ⴙ 6)
x–2
31. Find the area of the rectangle in terms of x.
x+6
Practice
9.4 Polynomial Functions
3. x2 ⴚ 6x ⴙ 9 ⴝ (x ⴚ 3)2 4. x2 ⴚ 36 ⴝ (x ⴙ 6)(x ⴚ 6)
11. the surface area of a cylinder with a height of 7 inches and a radius
of x inches
12. the volume of a cylinder with a height of 1.3 meters and a diameter
of x meters
Practice
9.5 Common Factors
Identify each polynomial as prime or not prime.
1. 9x2 ⴙ 24x ⴙ 15 2. 9a2 ⴙ 24a
3. 9m2 ⴙ 16 4. x2 ⴙ 5x ⴚ 6
Factor by grouping.
25. 4ax ⴚ bx ⴙ 4ay ⴚ by 26. 2pq2 ⴙ 4pq ⴚ 2q ⴚ 4
Practice
9.6 Factoring Special Polynomials
Use the generalization of a perfect-square trinomial or the
difference of two squares to find each product.
1. (x ⴚ 1)2 2. (2x ⴙ 3)2
3. (a ⴙ 5)2 4. (3g ⴙ 1)2
5. (2a ⴚ 5)2 6. (x ⴚ y)2
7. (x ⴙ 2y)2 8. (3m ⴚ n)2
9. (x ⴚ 3)(x ⴙ 3) 10. (4y ⴙ 1)(4y ⴚ 1)
11. (5x ⴙ 2)(5x ⴚ 2) 12. (6r ⴚ s)(6r ⴙ s)
Practice
9.7 Factoring Quadratic Trinomials
Write each trinomial in factored form.
1. x2 ⴙ x ⴚ 30 2. m2 ⴙ 9m ⴙ 20
3. c 2 ⴚ c ⴚ 72 4. d 2 ⴚ 7d ⴙ 12
5. y 2 ⴙ y ⴚ 156 6. f 2 ⴚ 2f ⴚ 48
For each polynomial, write all of the factor pairs of the third term,
and then circle the pair that would successfully factor the
polynomial.
7. n2 ⴚ 8n ⴙ 15 8. t 2 ⴚ 121
9. s 2 ⴙ 5s ⴙ 4 10. q 2 ⴚ 2q ⴚ 35
15. x2 ⴚ x ⴚ 12 16. y 2 ⴚ 7y ⴚ 18
Practice
9.8 Solving Equations by Factoring
Identify the zeros for each function.
1. y ⴝ (x ⴙ 4)(x ⴚ 3) 2. y ⴝ (x ⴙ 4)(x ⴙ 4)
3. y ⴝ (x ⴙ 6)(x ⴚ 7) 4. y ⴝ (x ⴚ 5)(x ⴚ 2)
5. y ⴝ (x ⴙ 21)(x ⴚ 16) 6. y ⴝ x(x ⴚ 12)
7. y ⴝ (2x ⴙ 5)(x ⴙ 1) 8. y ⴝ (3x ⴙ 6)(x ⴚ 4)
9. y ⴝ x(5x ⴙ 1) 10. y ⴝ (2x ⴚ 3)(3x ⴚ 2)
Solve by factoring.
11. x2 ⴙ 5x ⴙ 6 ⴝ 0 12. x2 ⴙ x ⴚ 20 ⴝ 0
13. x2 ⴙ 6x ⴚ 7 ⴝ 0 14. x2 ⴚ 4 ⴝ 0
15. x2 ⴙ 6x ⴝ ⴚ9 16. x2 ⴙ x ⴚ 12 ⴝ 0
19. x2 ⴙ 2x ⴝ 3 20. x2 ⴚ 5x ⴝ 6
x
29. The area of the rectangle is 40 square centimeters. Find the value of x.
x+6
30. The area of the square is 16 square centimeters. Find the value of x.
x–4
Practice
10.1 Graphing Parabolas
Describe how the graph of each function differs from the graph of
the parent function, y ⴝ x 2 .
1. y ⴝ 2(x ⴙ 5)2
2. y ⴝ (x ⴚ 1)2 ⴙ 5
3. y ⴝ ⴚ3(x ⴙ 1)2
4. y ⴝ (x ⴙ 6)2
5. y ⴝ ⴚ(x ⴙ 3)2 ⴚ 2
1
6. y ⴝ 2 (x ⴚ 4)2
Determine the vertex and axis of symmetry for each function, and
then sketch a graph from the information.
y y
7. y ⴝ ⴚ(x ⴚ 5)2 8. y ⴝ (x ⴚ 1)2 ⴙ 2
6 6
4 4
2 2
x x
–2 O 2 4 6 –4 –2 O 2 4
–2 –2
y
9. y ⴝ 2(x ⴚ 3)2 y 10. y ⴝ 3(x ⴙ 2)2 ⴚ 1
6 6
4 4
2 2
x x
– 4 –2 O 2 4 –4 –2 O 2 4
–2 –2
–4 –4
–6 –6
Practice
10.2 Solving Equations of the Form ax 2 ⴝ k
Find each square root. Round answers to the nearest hundredth.
1. 兹1 2. 兹81 3. 兹16 4. 兹225
5. 兹30 6. 兹18 7. 兹110 8. 兹55
Practice
10.3 Completing the Square
Use algebra tiles to complete the square for each binomial. Draw
a sketch of your algebra-tile model. Write each perfect-square
trinomial in the form x 2 ⴙ bx ⴙ c.
1. x 2 ⴚ 6x 2. x 2 ⴙ 2x
3. x 2 ⴚ 4x 4. x 2 ⴙ 10x
7. x 2 ⴙ 11x 8. x 2 ⴚ 11x
Practice
10.4 Solving Equations of the Form x 2 ⴙ bx ⴙ c ⴝ 0
Find the zeros of each function. Graph to check.
1. y ⴝ x 2 ⴚ 13x ⴙ 42 2. y ⴝ x 2 ⴙ 13x ⴙ 42
3. y ⴝ x 2 ⴚ x ⴚ 42 4. y ⴝ x 2 ⴙ 7x ⴙ 12
5. y ⴝ x 2 ⴚ x ⴚ 12 6. y ⴝ x 2 ⴙ x ⴚ 12
9. x 2 ⴙ 5x ⴙ 4 ⴝ 0 10. x 2 ⴙ 2x ⴚ 24 ⴝ 0
11. x2 ⴚ x ⴚ 6 ⴝ 0 12. x 2 ⴚ 5x ⴙ 4 ⴝ 0
15. x 2 ⴙ 6x ⴙ 9 ⴝ 0 16. x 2 ⴚ 2x ⴙ 1 ⴝ 0
17. x 2 ⴙ x ⴚ 30 ⴝ 0 18. x 2 ⴙ 5x ⴚ 14 ⴝ 0
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
21. x 2 ⴙ x ⴚ 12 ⴝ 0 22. x 2 ⴙ 7x ⴙ 10 ⴝ 0
23. x 2 ⴚ 2x ⴝ 3 24. x 2 ⴙ 4x ⴝ 5
27. 再 yⴝ4
y ⴝ x2
28. 再 y ⴝ ⴚx ⴚ 5
y ⴝ x 2 ⴙ 3x ⴚ 10
29. 再 y ⴝ 7x ⴚ 35
y ⴝ x 2 ⴚ 3x ⴚ 10
30. 再 yⴝxⴚ2
y ⴝ x 2 ⴚ 7x ⴙ 10
Practice
10.5 The Quadratic Formula
Identify a, b, and c for each quadratic equation.
1. x 2 ⴙ 3x ⴙ 2 ⴝ 0 2. x 2 ⴚ 2x ⴙ 1 ⴝ 0
3. x 2 ⴙ 7x ⴚ 3 ⴝ 0 4. x 2 ⴚ 5x ⴙ 3 ⴝ 0
5. 3x 2 ⴚ 4 ⴝ 0 6. 2x 2 ⴙ 15x ⴝ 0
7. 10x 2 ⴙ 1 ⴙ 6x ⴝ 0 8. 7x ⴙ x 2 ⴚ 2 ⴝ 0
9. x 2 ⴝ 36 10. x 2 ⴙ 36 ⴝ 12x
11. x 2 ⴚ 6x ⴝ 0 12. 3x 2 ⴝ 5x
Practice
10.6 Graphing Quadratic Inequalities
Solve each quadratic inequality by using the Zero Product
Property. Graph the solution on a number line.
1. x 2 ⴚ 3x ⴚ 40 0 2. x 2 ⴙ 9x ⴙ 14 0
3. x 2 ⴙ 2x ⴙ 1 0 4. x 2 ⴚ x ⴚ 30 0
5. x 2 ⴚ x ⴚ 12 0 6. x 2 ⴙ 3x ⴙ 2 0
x
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
9. y x 2 ⴙ 4x 10. y x 2 ⴙ 4x ⴙ 4
y y
Practice
11.1 Inverse Variation
Determine whether each of the following is an example of inverse
variation:
q 3
1. pⴝ3 2. p ⴝ 3q 3. pⴝq
Time (seconds) 5 10 15 20 25 30
Horsepower
11. Find the products of time and horsepower. Describe the products.
Practice
11.2 Rational Expressions and Functions
For what values are these rational expressions undefined?
2a ⴙ 5 3d ⴙ 7 eⴚ9
1. 2. 3.
2a 2d ⴚ 3 eⴚ7
5z ⴙ 6 3w ⴙ 4 7y ⴙ 2
4. 5. 6.
z(6z ⴚ 1) (w ⴙ 4)(w ⴚ 1) 5y 2 ⴙ 10y
3f ⴚ 7 2f fⴚ1
10. 11. 12.
fⴚ3 2f (f ⴚ 3) f (f ⴙ 3)
1
Describe the transformations applied to the graph of f (x) ⴝ x to
create the graph of each rational function below. List any values
for which the function is undefined.
2
13. g(x) ⴝ x ⴚ 4
1
14. g(x) ⴝ x ⴙ 4 ⴚ 2
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
Practice
11.3 Simplifying Rational Expressions
10m 6
3. 4.
m x(x 2 ⴙ 2x ⴙ 1)
(r ⴙ 2)(r ⴙ 3) (x ⴙ 3)2
7. 8.
r(r ⴙ 3) x2 ⴚ 9
y2 ⴚ y ⴚ 6 3ⴚk
9. 10. 2
y2 ⴚ 9 k ⴚ 2k ⴚ 3
aⴙ4 8w ⴚ 12
13. 14.
2a ⴙ 8 4
pⴙ7 64 ⴚ x 2
15. 16.
p 2 ⴚ 49 8ⴚx
h2 ⴙ h ⴚ 12 fⴙg
17. 18.
h 2 ⴙ 5h ⴙ 4 3(f ⴙ g)3
2x 2 ⴙ 16x ⴙ 32 y 2 ⴚ 25
21. 22. 2
xⴙ4 y ⴚ 10y ⴙ 25
Practice
11.4 Operations With Rational Expressions
Perform the indicated operations. Simplify and state the
restrictions on the variables.
3 4 6 2
1.
5z ⴙ 5z 2.
xⴚ3 ⴙxⴚ3
5a 2a x 1
3.
aⴙb ⴚaⴙb 4.
xⴚ1 ⴚxⴚ1
1 2 c d
5.
p ⴚq 6.
3d ⴙ 3c
4 m y 2 12
7.
mn ⴢ 2 8. 6 ⴢ y3
x3 x2 a2 (a ⴚ 3)
9.
6 ⴙ 12 10.
3ⴚa
a3 a t 2 ⴙ 2t 3t ⴚ 6
11.
(a ⴙ 1)2 ⴙ (a ⴙ 1)2 12.
t2 ⴚ 4 ⴢ t
y 2 ⴙ 5y ⴙ 6 y 3x 2
13. ⴢ 14.
3x ⴚ 2 ⴚ 3x ⴚ 2
y2 yⴙ2
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
m2 ⴚ n2 mn 1 x
15.
m 2n 2 ⴢ 1 16.
x ⴙ 1 ⴙ x2 ⴚ 1
3x 2 2ⴚx 8b ⴚ 40 b ⴙ 5
17.
1 ⴚ x2 ⴚ 1 ⴚ x2 18.
8 ⴢ b 2 ⴚ 25
6 2c 2 ⴚ 2c ⴚ 12 x ⴚ3xy
19. 2
c ⴚ 3c ⴢ 6c ⴙ 12 20.
x ⴙ y ⴚ (x ⴙ y)2
3x 3 z
21. 4 ⴙ x2 ⴚ 6 22.
zⴚ1 ⴙ1ⴚz
4 1 nⴙ4 12
23.
xⴚ3 ⴢx 24.
16 ⴢ n2 ⴚ 16
2 3x 3d d
25. ⴙ x 2 ⴙ 4x ⴚ 5 26.
d2 ⴚ 9 ⴙ 3 ⴙ d
xⴙ5
Practice
11.5 Solving Rational Equations
Solve the following rational equations by finding the lowest
common denominator:
2 29 z z
1.
y ⴙ3ⴝ y 2.
2 ⴚ7ⴝ3
1 3 5 2x x
3.
x ⴙx ⴝ4 4.
3 ⴚ2 ⴝ5
3 ⴚ 5c 3c ⴚ 6 1 xⴚ3
5.
8 ⴙ 5 ⴝ1 6.
4 ⴚ 8x ⴝ 0
1 2 1 yⴚ1 ⴚy
7.
xⴙ6 ⴝxⴙ9 ⴚxⴙ3 8.
y ⴚ 2 ⴝ yⴙ1
4b ⴙ 5 6b ⴙ 1 x 5
9.
2b ⴙ 1 ⴝ 3b ⴚ 1 10.
x2 ⴚ 3 ⴝ x ⴙ 4
6 y y
11.
a ⴚ1ⴝa 12.
yⴚ5 ⴙ yⴚ5 ⴝ3
3x ⴚ 1 xⴚ5 4w 2w
13.
4 ⴝ 5 ⴚ2 14.
3w ⴚ 2 ⴙ 3w ⴙ 2 ⴝ 2
1 2 m 2 1
17. 2
r ⴚ1 ⴝ r2 ⴙ r ⴚ 2 18.
m 2 ⴚ 1 ⴙ m ⴙ 1 ⴝ 2m ⴚ 2
t 1 17 3 yⴙ3
19.
t ⴚ 5 ⴝ t ⴙ 5 ⴚ 25 ⴚ t 2 20. 2 ⴚ y 2 ⴙ 5y ⴙ 6 ⴝ y ⴙ 2
3x x x xⴚ3
23.
5 ⴝ2 ⴚ1 24.
4 ⴙ 3 ⴝ6
1 1 2 2x ⴚ 6 xⴚ1
25.
xⴙ2 ⴙxⴚ3 ⴝx 26.
3x ⴙ 1 ⴝ 4x ⴚ 4
Practice
11.6 Proof in Algebra
Give a reason for each step.
Proof
3x ⴙ 2(x ⴙ 4) ⴝ 13
1. 3x ⴙ 2x ⴙ 8 ⴝ 13
2. 5x ⴙ 8 ⴝ 13
3. 5x ⴙ 8 ⴚ 8 ⴝ 13 ⴚ 8
4. 5x ⴙ 0 ⴝ 5
5. 5x ⴝ 5
5x 5
6.
5 ⴝ5
7. xⴝ1
ⴚa a
Give a reason for each step in the proof that b ⴝ ⴚb .
Proof
ⴚa 1
8.
b ⴝ ⴚa b ()
1
(
ⴝⴚ aⴢb )
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
9.
a
10. ⴝ ⴚb
Practice
12.1 Operations With Radicals
Simplify each radical expression by factoring.
1. 兹144 2. 兹72
3. 兹288 4. 兹4000
5. 兹3264 6. 兹8775
2 2
25. (兹3 ⴙ 2 ) 26. ( 兹3 ⴙ 兹12 )
Practice
12.2 Square-Root Functions and Radical Equations
3. 兹ⴚx ⴚ 7 ⴝ 3 4. 兹x ⴚ 3 ⴝ x
5. 兹2x ⴙ 3 ⴝ 兹x ⴙ 7 6. 兹2x ⴙ 3 ⴝ 5
7. 兹5 ⴙ x ⴝ 3 8. 兹11 ⴚ 10x ⴝ 9
9. 兹3x ⴚ 2 ⴝ ⴚ1 10. 兹x ⴚ 2 ⴝ 3
15. 5x 2 ⴝ 125
16. x 2 ⴚ 1 ⴝ 120
17. 4x 2 ⴝ 120
18. 兹x ⴝ ⴚ49
19. x 2 ⴙ 169 ⴝ 0
20. 兹x ⴙ 20 ⴝ 5
21. 兹2x ⴝ 50
22. 兹x ⴚ 1 ⴙ 6 ⴝ 2
23. 兹x ⴙ 4 ⴝ 1
Practice
12.3 The Pythagorean Theorem
1. 21 75 2. 80 82
3. 6.5 7.2 4. 20 29
5. 13 85 6. 33 44
7. 63 65 8. 48 60
9. 28 45 10. 10 24
1 1
11. 48 80 12. 5 3
13. 0.63 0.87 14. 0.036 0.077
Solve for x.
8
7
18. A picket fence has a gate that is 48 inches wide and 62 inches high.
Find the length, to the nearest inch, of a diagonal brace for the gate.
19. The base of a 15-foot ladder is placed 9 feet from a wall. If the
ladder leans against the wall, how high will it reach?
20. Cynthia drove 56 miles due south and 90 miles due west. If she drives in
a straight line back to the point where she started, how far will she drive?
Practice
12.4 The Distance Formula
For each figure, find the coordinates of Q and the lengths of the
three sides of the triangle. Decide whether the triangle is scalene,
isosceles, equilateral, or right.
1. 2.
y y
Q
Q
P R
x
P R
x
Practice
12.5 Geometric Properties
Find an equation of a circle with its center at the origin and with
the given radius.
1. radius of 9 2. radius of 4
Sketch each circle on the grid provided. Then find the equation of
the circle.
3. center at (4, 0) and radius of 3 4. center at (ⴚ4, 0) and radius of 3
y y
4
4
2
2
x
O 2 4 6 x
–6 –4 –2 O
–2
–2
–4
6 x
–2 O 2 4
4 –2
2 –4
x –6
–4 –2 O 2 4
Practice
12.6 The Tangent Function
Use a calculator to find the tangents of the following angles to
the nearest tenth:
1. 18° 2. 48° 3. 118° 4. 150°
Practice
12.7 The Sine and Cosine Functions
Evaluate each expression to the nearest ten-thousandth.
1. sin 65° 2. sin 85°
3. cos 32° 4. cos 15°
5. sin 12° 6. sin 50°
7. cos 39° 8. cos 89°
9. sin 76° 10. sin 82°
11. cos 49° 12. cos 61°
15. b ⴝ 6, c ⴝ 9, m∠A ⴝ
16. a ⴝ 8, c ⴝ 14, m∠B ⴝ
b ⴝ 7, c ⴝ 10, m∠B ⴝ
Practice
12.8 Introduction to Matrices
Perform the following matrix operations. If a solution is not
possible, explain why.
1. 冤 12 69 冥 ⴙ 冤 34 110 冥 2. 冤 90 4 7
3 13冥 冤
ⴙ
15 8 2
17 1 5 冥
冤 冥 冤 冥 冤 冥 冤 冥
ⴚ4 10 ⴚ5 ⴚ31 ⴚ7 ⴚ33 38 ⴚ5 55 ⴚ14
3. ⴚ13 ⴚ8 ⴚ 4 ⴚ17 4. 44 2 ⴚ28 ⴙ ⴚ13 40 50
17 20 16 ⴚ23 9 ⴚ9 26 16 ⴚ21 ⴚ6
冤 冥 冤 冥 冤 冥
2.3 ⴚ5.2 ⴚ4.6
5. ⴚ1.9 ⴙ ⴚ3 ⴚ
6 ⴚ1.7
0.2
10
6. 冤 ⴚ0.9
1.2 3.4 7
9.2 ⴚ1.3 冥 冤
ⴙ
ⴚ2 1.5
6 7 冥
冤 冥 冤 冥 冤 冥
1 1 2 2
3 4 ⴚ1
ⴙ 31 3.1 ⴚ [6 1.8 19]
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
7. 8.
3 1 1
ⴚ4 2 2 4 4.5
10. Mⴝ 冤 8w
2y
16
1.8 冥
, Nⴝ
24 3x
18 6z 冤 冥
Practice
13.1 Theoretical Probability
An integer from 1 to 40 is drawn at random. Find the probability
that it is
1. odd. 2. even.
3. a multiple of 4. 4. prime.
5. odd AND a multiple of 5. 6. odd OR a multiple of 5.
Practice
13.2 Counting the Elements of Sets
List the integers from 1 to 10 inclusive that are
1. odd. 2. multiples of 2.
3. odd AND multiples of 2. 4. odd OR multiples of 2.
Practice
13.3 The Fundamental Counting Principle
Jerry has 4 T-shirts, 2 pairs of jeans, and 3 pairs of shoes that can
be worn together in any combination.
1. How many ways are there for Jerry to choose an outfit?
2. How many outfits can include a blue T-shirt, assuming that it is one of the
4 T-shirts?
3. How many outfits can include a pair of black jeans, assuming that it is one
of the 2 pairs of jeans?
4. How many outfits can include a pair of brown shoes, assuming that it is
one of the 3 pairs of shoes?
How many ways are there to arrange the letters in each of the
following words?
5. cat 6. math
7. sport 8. problem
9. The Camachos are decorating their kitchen. There are 7 different
wallpaper patterns from which to choose. There are 5 borders that
Practice
13.4 Independent Events
Ten cards numbered from 1 to 10 are
placed in a bag. One card is drawn and
replaced. Then a second card is drawn.
Find the probability that
1. both are even.
2. both are odd.
3. both are prime.
4. the first one is odd AND the second is even.
5. the first one is even AND the second is odd.
6. the first one is prime AND the second is even.
7. the first one is prime AND the second is odd.
8. the first one is even AND the second is prime.
9. the first one is odd AND the second is prime.
10. neither number is prime.
Practice
13.5 Simulations
Suppose that the Denver Nuggets and the New York Knicks are in the
basketball championship finals and that each team has an equal chance
of winning a given game. The finals end when one team wins 4 out of 7
games. Simulate the finals for at least 10 trials.
10
Practice
14.1 Graphing Functions and Relations
Are the relations in Exercises 1– 4 functions? Why or why not?
1. {(3, 5), (1, 0), (9, 5), (2, 0)}
2. {(ⴚ1, ⴚ2), (3, 5), (1, 2), (ⴚ1, 7)}
3. y 4. y
x
O
x
O
7.
Practice
14.2 Translations
Identify the parent function. State what type of transformation is
applied to the graph of each function. Then draw a carefully
labeled graph. (Hint: Remember to plot a few points to help you
see what happens to the parent function.)
3
1. y ⴝ 0.5x 2 2. y ⴝ ⴚ3ⱍxⱍ 3. yⴝx
y y y
6 6 6
4 4 4
2 2 2
x x x
–4 –2 O 2 4 – 4 –2 O 2 4 –4 –2 O 2 4
–2 –2 –2
–4 –4 –4
–6 –6 –6
4. y ⴝ 2x ⴚ 2 5. y ⴝ ⱍx ⴚ 1ⱍ 6. y ⴝ INT(x ⴙ 2)
y y y
6 6
4 4
2 2
Consider the parent function f (x) ⴝ 2x. Note that f (1) ⴝ 2, so the
point (1, 2) is on the graph. State how the graph of the parent
function is translated to obtain the graph of each function below.
7. f(x) ⴝ 2 x ⴚ 1 8. f(x) ⴝ 2 x ⴙ 4
9. f(x) ⴝ 2 (x ⴚ1) 10. f(x) ⴝ 2 (x ⴙ 2)
The point (2, 4) is on the graph of f (x). Find the new coordinates
of the point after each transformation has been applied to the
function.
11. vertical translation by 2 12. horizontal translation by 3
13. horizontal translation by ⴚ4 14. vertical translation by ⴚ5
Practice
14.3 Stretches
3
Given the function y ⴝ x ,
y
4. identify the parent function.
6
5. sketch the graphs of the function and the parent 4
function on the axes at the right.
2
6. explain how the graph of the parent function was changed x
–4 –2 O 2 4
by the 3. –2
–4
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
(1, 3)
(–3, –1) ( 6, )
1
2
(– 1
2 )
, –6
Practice
14.4 Reflections
Graph each function.
ⱍxⱍ ⴚ3
1. y ⴝ ⴚ2x 2 2. yⴝⴚ 2 3. yⴝ x
y y y
6 6 6
4 4 4
2 2 2
x x x
–4 –2 O 2 4 – 4 –2 O 2 4 –4 –2 O 2 4
–2 –2 –2
–4 –4 –4
–6 –6 –6
For Exercises 16–17, find f (2) and use this information to tell
which kind of reflection (horizontal or vertical) is applied to the
function y ⴝ 3x ⴙ 2.
16. f(x) ⴝ ⴚ(3x ⴙ 2) 17. f(x) ⴝ 3(ⴚx) ⴙ 2
For Exercises 18–19, find f (3) and use this information to tell
which kind of reflection (horizontal or vertical) is applied to the
function y ⴝ (x ⴚ 1)2.
18. f(x) ⴝ ⴚ(x ⴚ 1) 2 19. f(x) ⴝ (ⴚx ⴚ 1)2
Practice
14.5 Combining Transformations
Sketch the graph of each function.
1. f(x) ⴝ INT(x ⴚ 2) 2. g(x) ⴝ ⴚx ⴙ 1 3. h(x) ⴝ ⱍx ⴚ 4ⱍ
y y y
6 6 6
4 4 4
2 2 2
x x x
– 4 –2 O 2 4 –4 –2 O 2 4 –4 –2 O 2 4
–2 –2 –2
–4 –4 –4
–6 –6 –6
1
4. p(x) ⴝ 2 x ⴚ 1 5. k(x) ⴝ (x ⴚ 2)2 6. h(x) ⴝ x ⴚ 1
y y y
6 6 6
4 4 4
2 2 2
x x O x
– 4 –2 O 2 4 –4 –2 O 2 4 –4 –2 2 4
–2 –2 –2
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
–4 –4 –4
–6 –6 –6