Multicultural Economy 2013

THE
MULTICULTURAL
ECONOMY
2013
Jeffrey M. Humphreys
CONTENTS
Part 1
The Multicultural Economy, 1990-2018
Part 2
Buying Power Statistics
By State for All 50 States

69
Selig Center for Economic Growth

Terry College of Business
The University of Georgia
Charles B. Knapp, Interim Dean
Terry College of Business
Jeffrey M. Humphreys, Director
Selig Center
Lorena M. Akioka, Editor
Beata D. Kochut, Research Analyst
Stephen F. Kuzniak, Data Analyst
Mary T. Evans, Administrative Professional
The Multicultural Economy
Copyright 2013 by the Selig Center
for Economic Growth. All rights reserved.
For more information on the Selig Center,

visit our Website at www.selig.uga.edu
Part 1
MULTICULTURAL
ECONOMY
1990-201
he Selig Centers estimates and projections of buying

power show that minoritiesAfrican Americans, Asians,
Native Americans, and Hispanicswield formidable economic clout. The numbers are impressive. For example,
in 2013, the $1.2 trillion Hispanic market is larger than
the entire economies (2012 GDP measured in U.S. dollars) of all but
fifteen countries in the worldsmaller than the GDP of Indonesia
and larger than the GDP of Turkey.

The buying power data presented here and differences in spending by race and/or ethnicity suggest that as the U.S. consumer market
becomes more diverse, advertising, products, and media must be
tailored to each market segment. With this in mind, entrepreneurs,
established businesses, marketing specialists, economic development
organizations, and chambers of commerce now seek estimates of the
buying power of the nations major racial and ethnic minority groups.
Going beyond the intuitive approaches often used, the Selig Centers
estimates provide a timely, cost-efficient, and quantitative way to
assess the size and vitality of the national and state racial and ethnic
markets. This study provides a comprehensive statistical overview of
the buying power of African Americans, Asians, Native Americans, and
Hispanics for the U.S. and all the states. Estimates are provided for
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018. Majorityor whitebuying power
and multiracial buying power are also reported, but the estimates for
these groups are not discussed.
Simply defined, buying power is the total personal income of residents that is available, after taxes, for spending on virtually everything
that they buy, but it does not include dollars that are borrowed or that
were saved in previous years. It is not a measure of wealth, and it does
not include what tourists spend during their visits. Unfortunately,
there are no geographically precise surveys of annual expenditures
and income of all the nations major racial and ethnic groups. Even
estimates of expenditures by race or ethnicity are difficult to find,
especially for individual states.
The Selig Center addresses this problem by providing estimates
of black, Native American, Asian, white, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic
buying power for the nation, the fifty states, and the District of
Columbia. Due to funding limitations, the Selig Center no longer
provides estimates for metropolitan areas and counties. These current
dollar (unadjusted for inflation) estimates and projections indicate the
growing economic power of various racial or ethnic groups; measure
the relative vitality of geographic markets; help to judge business
opportunities for start-ups or expansions; gauge a businesss annual
sales growth against potential market increases; indicate the market
potential of new and existing products; and guide targeted advertising campaigns.
The estimates supersede those previously published by the Selig
Center. The buying power estimates should be considered only as
the first step toward a more comprehensive analysis of the market.
Anyone considering the investment of substantial capital in a new
enterprise, a new product line, or a new advertising campaign will
need extensive feasibility analysis to determine market opportunities
more precisely.
Total Buying Power Statistics

The Selig Center projects that the nations total buying power
will rise from $4.2 trillion in 1990 to $7.3 trillion in 2000, to $11.1
trillion in 2010, to $12.4 trillion in 2013, and to $15.2 trillion for
2018. The percentage increase for 1990-2013 is 193 percent. From
2000-2013, total buying power will rise by 70 percent. From 2010 to
2013, total buying power will rise by 12 percent. The percentage gain
in total buying power far outstrips cumulative inflation. For example,
the U.S. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) will
increase by approximately 81 percent during 1990-2013, which is
about two fifths of the 193 percent increase in total buying power.
From 2000 to 2013, the U.S. CPI-U increased by 36 percent whereas
total buying power rose by 70 percent. Total buying power will expand
by 12 percent from 2010 through 2013, and by 22 percent from 2013
through 2018.
Diverse forces support this substantial growth. The 29-year span
encompasses a mild recession in 1990-91, the longest economic expansion in the nations history from 1991-2000, another mild recession
in 2001, a modest expansion from 2002-2007, and a severe recession
that began late in 2007 and continued through mid-2009. As this is
written, the U.S economic conditions can accurately be described as
expansionary, and the assumptions underlying the baseline forecast
call for modest growth in 2013-2018.
Ranked by percentage change in total buying power between 2000
and 2013, the top ten states are North Dakota (136 percent), District
of Columbia (130 percent), Wyoming (114 percent), South Dakota
(97 percent), Texas (97 percent), Utah (96 percent), New Mexico (92
percent), Alaska (91 percent), Arizona (90 percent), and Hawaii (90
percent). From 2000 through 2013, the five slowest growing states
are Michigan (35 percent), Ohio (49 percent), Illinois (50 percent),
Indiana (54 percent), and New Jersey (58 percent).

That the state estimates show differing outcomes is not surprising,
given the differences in labor market performance, industrial bases,
the importance of exports, dependence on federal spending, real
estate markets, labor markets, immigration rates, domestic migration
rates, and natural resources. As always, states with low costs of doing
business, favorable regulatory environments, updated transportation
and telecommunications infrastructure, educated workforces, and an
abundance of natural resources will continue to attract domestic and
international businesses.
Buying Power Statistics by Race

In 2013, the combined buying power of blacks, Asians, and Native
Americans will be $1.9 trillion105 percent higher than its 2000 level
of $915 billionwhich amounts to a gain of $964 billion. In 2013,
African Americans will account for 57 percent of combined spending,
or slightly over $1 trillion. From 2000 through 2013, the percentage
gains in buying power vary considerably by race, from a gain of 160
percent for Asians to 139 percent for Native Americans to 78 percent
for blacks. All of these target markets will grow much faster than the
white market, where buying power will increase by 63 percent.
The combined buying power of African Americans, Asians, and
Native Americans will account for 15.1 percent of the nations total
buying power in 2013, up from 12.5 percent in 2000 and from 10.6
percent in 1990. The 2000-to-2013 gain in combined market share of
2.6 percent amounts to an additional $328 billion in buying power in
2013. The market share claimed by a targeted group of consumers is
important because the higher their market share, the lower the average cost of reaching a potential buyer in the group. The combined
buying power of these three racial groups will rise to $2.4 trillion in
2018, accounting for 15.9 percent of the nations total buying power.
n Black Buying Power n
n 2013, African Americans will constitute the nations largest racial

minority market, but the buying power of Hispanicsan ethnic
groupis larger. Despite the severe impact of the Great Recession,
blacks economic clout continues to energize the U.S. consumer market. The Selig Center estimates that the nations black buying power
will rise from $316 billion in 1990 to $601 billion in 2000, to $951
billion in 2010, to $1 trillion in 2013, and to $1.3 trillion in 2018.

The 78 percent increase between 2000 and 2013 outstrips the 63
percent rise in white buying power and the 70 percent increase in total
buying power (all races combined). In 2013, the nations share of total
buying power that is black will be 8.6 percent, up from 8.2 percent
in 2000 and from 7.5 percent in 1990. African-American consumers
share of the nations total buying power will rise to 8.8 percent in 2018,
accounting for almost nine cents out of every dollar that is spent.

The gains in black buying power reflect much more than just
population growth and inflation. Of the many diverse supporting
forces, one of the most important and enduring is the increasing
number of blacks who are starting and expanding their own businesses.
The 2007 Survey of Business Owners (released by the U.S. Census bureau
in June 2011) shows that the number of black-owned firms was 61
percent higher in 2007 than in 2002, which more than three times the
18 percent gain in the number of all U.S. firms. Also, compared to the
1997-2002 period, the overall rate of growth in the number of blackowned firms acceleratedas did the rate of growth in the number of
all U.S. firms. Between 2002 and 2007, the receipts of black-owned
firms grew by 55 percent compared to the 34 percent increase in the
receipts of all U.S. firms.

Still another positive factor underpinning the groups buying
power is that African Americans continue to become more highly
educated, which should allow proportionally more blacks to enter
occupations with higher average salaries. Census data show that in
2012, 85 percent of blacks over 25 years of age had completed high
school or college, far better than the 66 percent reported in 1990 and
the 79 percent recorded in 2000. Despite this, the percentage of African
Americans who are high school graduates or better was still lower than
the percentage of whites (88 percent) and Asians (89 percent). Also,
the Current Population Survey indicates that 21 percent of blacks had
a bachelors, graduate, or professional degree compared to 31 percent
The Multicultural Dollar
Where Blacks Spend More

electronics
utilities
groceries
footwear
Where Blacks Spend Less
new cars
alcohol
health care
entertainment
pensions
of whites and 51 percent of Asians. Nonetheless, the percentage of

blacks who had completed college in 2013 (21 percent) was higher
than in either 2000 (17 percent) or in 1990 (11 percent).

Favorable demographic trends help, too, since the black population continues to grow more rapidly than the total population. From
2000 to 2013, the nations black population grew by 16.3 percent
compared to 7.7 percent for the white population and 12.3 percent for
the total population. From 2013 to 2018, the nations black population
is projected to grow by 5.9 percent, which exceeds the 4.5 percent
growth estimated for the total U.S. population. Also, the black population is younger: the 2010 Current Population Survey indicates that the
median age of blacks is only 31.4 years compared to 38.2 years for the
($46 billion), and New Jersey ($41 billion). Of these, however, Georgia
white population or 36.7 years for the total population. Compared
and Maryland are the only ones that did not rank among the top ten
to the older white population, larger proportions of blacks will enter
markets for all consumers.
the workforce for the first time or will move up from entry-level jobs.
One characteristic that sets the African-American consumer
This will provide an extra push to the groups overall buying power.
market apart from the Hispanic and Asian markets is that it is not
Conversely, smaller proportions of blacks have reached their career
concentrated in a handful of states. This vibrant consumer market is
pinnacles or are of traditional retirement age. In 2010, only 8.6 pervery widespread, and therefore is an attractive customer segment in
cent of blacks were over 65, compared to 13.8 percent of whites or
many of the states. In 2013, the five largest African-American markets
12.7 percent of the total population. So, black buying power may be
account for 39 percent of black buying power. The five states with the
slightly more resistant to reforms of popular government entitlement
largest total consumer markets account for 38 percent of total buying
programs for retirees (e.g., Social Security and Medicare), especially if
power. Similarly, the ten largest black markets account for 62 percent
those reforms focus benefit reductions on higher income households.
of the African-American market and the ten largest total consumer

Because they are much younger, African-American consumers inmarkets account for 55 percent of total buying power.
creasingly are setting trends for teens (and young adults) of every race
In order, the top ten states ranked by the rate of growth of
and ethnic background. This isnt surprising given that 29.4 percent of
black buying power between 2000 and 2013 are North Dakota (296
the black population is under 18 years old compared to 23.3 percent
percent), South Dakota (262 percent), Vermont (234 percent), Idaho
of the white population or 24.6 percent of the total population.
(187 percent), Arizona (174 percent), New Hampshire (159 percent),

The youthful profile of the black
Maine (152 percent), New Mexico (150
population has its downside, however.
percent), Nevada (137 percent), and
Compared to people who are either more
Iowa (127 percent). All have flourishing
established in their careers or retired, With a sizable population
African-American consumer markets, but
under 18, it is not surprising that none is among the nations ten largest
young adults, regardless of their race or
blacks are consumer trendsetters. black consumer markets.
ethnicity, are more exposed to job losses
in economic downturns. So, in this reIn 2013, the ten states with the larggard, black buying power is vulnerable
est share of total buying power that is
to the effects of economic recessions, but
black are the District of Columbia (26.3
over time the above-average growth of black buying power has more
percent), Mississippi (23.6 percent), Maryland (23.1 percent), Georgia
than compensated for that high cyclical exposure.
(22.1 percent), Louisiana (19.8 percent), South Carolina (17.7 percent),

Due the unusual severity of the Great Recession, employment
Alabama (17.4 percent), Delaware (15.1 percent), North Carolina (14.8
growth no longer can be cited as one of the main forces behind
percent), and Virginia (13 percent).
the above-average gains in black buying power. From January 2000
The 2.6 percent, 2.2 percent, and 1.7 percent increases in African
through April 2013 (the most recent data available at the time of this
Americans share of the consumer markets in Georgia, Maryland, and
writing), the number of jobs held by blacks had increased by only 1
Delaware were the three biggest share shifts in the nation from 2000
million, or a paltry 0.5 percent per year. Furthermore, from its preto 2013, respectively. There also was a 1.6 percent advance in Nevada
recession peak in January 2007 (when blacks held 16,212,000 jobs)
and a 1.4 percent gain in Florida.
through April 2013 (when blacks held 16,167,000 jobs), the number

Due to differences in per capita income, wealth, demographof employed African Americans dropped by 45,000. The black unemics, educational attainment, occupational distribution, geographic
ployment rate therefore soared from 7.9 percent (January 2007) to 16.8
distribution, and culture, the spending habits of blacks as a group
percent (March 2010). By April 2013, the employment-to-population
are not the same as those of non-black consumers. Thus, as African
ratio for blacks stood at only 53.4 percentit was 59.4 percent in
Americans share of the nations total buying power expands, busiJanuary 2007.
ness-to-consumer firms can be expected to devote more resources to

The jobs losses have been very heavy because recessions with
developing and marketing products that meet the needs and match
credit crunches and housing busts are always deeper and longer than
the preferences of black consumers.
other recessions. The financial panic didnt help. This unusual set

Data from the 2012 Consumer Expenditure Survey indicate that
of events brought the economy to its knees, and it erased a decades
the average black household spent in total only 73 percent as much
worth of job growth for African Americans. At the time of this writing,
as the average non-black household, reflecting blacks lower median
it appears that the period of job losses is over, but the labor markets
household incomes. The values are for money income, which differs
recovery is anemic, especially in states hit the hardest by the housing
somewhat from buying power, but nonetheless offers some insights
bust.
into spending by black consumers.

In 2013, the ten states with the largest African-American markets,

Despite lower average household income levels, African Americans
in order, are New York ($101 billion), Texas ($92 billion), California
lead in some categories. For example, on average, black households
($77 billion), Georgia ($76 billion), Florida ($75 billion), Maryland ($64
spent more than non-black households on natural gas, electricity,
billion), North Carolina ($50 billion), Illinois ($46 billion), Virginia
audio equipment, and footwear. Also, blacks spent a significantly
higher proportion of their money on housing, groceries, phone services, furniture, clothing, car insurance, and gasoline and motor oil.
These findings strongly imply that energy utilities, telecom firms, car
insurers, gas stations, grocers, clothing stores, and shoe stores would
do well to market themselves directly to black consumers.

Blacks and non-blacks spent about the same proportion of their
income for groceries, housekeeping supplies, appliances, childrens
clothing, used cars, tobacco products, cash contributions, and life
insurance. Compared to non-blacks, however, blacks spent much less
of their total outlays on restaurants, alcoholic beverages, new cars,
health care, fees and admissions, pets, toys, and pensions and Social
Security.

The same survey indicates that black households are slightly
more likely to have children under 18 (0.7 persons for blacks versus
0.6 persons for whites and others). Blacks have only 1.3 vehicles per
household compared to two vehicles for white and other households;
and they are more likely to be renters rather than homeowners.
n Native American Buying Power n

he Selig Center projects that the nations Native American buying
power will rise from $20 billion in 1990, to $40 billion in 2000,
to $83 billion in 2010, to $96 billion in 2013, and to $123 billion
in 2018. Native American buying power in 2013 will be 139 percent
greater than in 2000. The 2000-2013 percent gain is larger than the
increases in buying power estimated for whites (63 percent), for the
U.S. population as a whole (70 percent), and for blacks (78 percent).
It is smaller than those estimated for Asians (160 percent) and Hispanics (142 percent), however. Despite this fast-paced growth, Native
Americans will account for only 0.8 percent of all U.S. buying power
in 2013, up only slightly from their 0.6 percent share in 2000, when
they accounted for only $40 billion in buying power.

Many forces support the continued growth of Native American
buying power, but one of the most important is that the Native
American population continues to grow much more rapidly than
the total population. From 2000 through 2013, the Native American
population grew by 46.4 percent, outpacing the projected gains of
16.3 percent for the black population, 12.3 percent for the total U.S.
population, and 7.7 percent for the white population. From 2013 to
2018, the nations Native American population is projected to grow
by 7.9 percent, which far exceeds the 4.5 percent gain projected for
the total population and the 2.8 percent gain for whites.
Historically, entrepreneurial activity has been a force powering the
growth of Native American buying power. The 2007 Survey of Business
Owners, released by the U.S. Census Bureau in July 2010, shows that
the number of Native American-owned firms increased by 18 percent from 2002 to 2007, which equals the 18 percent increase in the
number of all U.S. firms. But, compared to the 1997-2002 period, the
overall rate of growth in this group dropped sharply even as the rate
of growth in the number of all U.S. firms accelerated. Between 2002
and 2007, their firms receipts grew by only 28 percent compared to
the 34 percent increase in the receipts of all U.S. firms.

Although comprising only 1.2 percent of the countrys population in 2012, Native Americans will control $96 billion in disposable
income, which makes this diverse group economically attractive to
businesses. In 2013, the ten states with the largest Native American
markets are California ($18.4 billion), Oklahoma ($8.7 billion), Texas
($8.2 billion), Arizona ($5.7 billion), New York ($5.3 billion), New
Mexico ($3.9 billion), Washington ($3.3 billion), North Carolina ($3.1
billion), Florida ($2.8 billion), and Alaska ($2.7 billion). This market is
slightly more focused on a few states than is the total U.S. consumer
market. In 2013, for example, the five largest Native American markets
account for 48 percent of this groups buying power, whereas the five
largest total consumer markets account for 38 percent of U.S. buying
power. Similarly, the ten largest Native American markets account for
64 percent of Native American buying power and the top ten total
consumer markets account for 55 percent of total U.S. buying power.
Ranked by the rate of growth of Native American buying power
over 2000-2013, the top ten states are the District of Columbia (302
percent), New York (234 percent), Illinois (210 percent), Texas (209
percent), Hawaii (204 percent), Wyoming (189 percent), Georgia (182
percent), Massachusetts (181 percent), Delaware (180 percent), and
Pennsylvania (178 percent). Many of these states have relatively small,
flourishing markets, but Texas stands out from the other leading states
as the fourth largest Native American consumer market in the nation.
In 2013, the ten states with the largest Native American shares
of total buying power include Alaska (8.2 percent), Oklahoma (6.1
percent), New Mexico (5.5 percent), South Dakota (3.5 percent), Montana (3.3 percent), North Dakota (2.5 percent), Arizona (2.5 percent),
Wyoming (1.6 percent), California (1.2 percent), and Nevada (1.1
percent). From 2000 to 2013, Native Americans share of the market
will rise the most in New Mexico, Oklahoma, Wyoming, California,
and Arizona.
n Asian Buying Power n
n 2013, over 17 million Americans5.2 percent of the countrys

populationwill claim Asian ancestry, which makes the group a
powerful force in the U.S. consumer market. This racial groups
shares of the population were 3 percent, 4 percent, 5.2 percent, and
5.4 percent in 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2013, respectively; and their
enormous economic clout continues to attract more attention from
businesses and advertisers. (The Selig Centers data for Asians combines
two race categories, including those who identified themselves as Asian
or as Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander.)
The Selig Center projects that the nations Asian buying power
will climb from $115 billion in 1990, to $274 billion in 2000, to $599
billion in 2010, to $713 billion in 2013, and to $962 billion in 2018.
The 160 percent gain from 2000 through 2013 exceeds the increases
in buying power projected for whites (63 percent), the U.S. as a whole
(70 percent), blacks (78 percent), Hispanics (142 percent), and Native Americans (139 percent). At $713 billion in 2013, the U.S. Asian
market already outshines the entire economies of all but twenty-two

countriesit is smaller than the 2012 GDP of Saudi Arabia and slightly
larger than the GDP of the Netherlands.
The groups fast-paced growth in buying power demonstrates the
increasing importance of Asian consumers and should create opportunities for businesses that pay attention to their needs. Because the
group includes consumers of so many national ancestries, languages,
and such diverse cultures, firms that target specific subgroupsChinese or Filipino, for examplemay find niche markets particularly
rewarding.

Despite the severity of the Great Recession, employment gains
can still be cited as one of the forces supporting the growth of Asian
buying power. From January 2000 throughApril 2013 (the most recent data available at this writing), the number of jobs held by Asians
increased by 2,296,000, or 40 percent. That cumulative gain is impressive when compared to the 1,264,000 jobs gains realized by whites (a

Where Asians Spend More
food
housing
clothing
education
personal insurance
Where Asians Spend Less
utilities
used vehicles
alcohol and tobacco
health care
entertainment
much larger racial group). But, even though the number of jobs held
by Asians is up considerably from where it was at the beginning of the
decade, the Great Recession took its toll. From the peak in November
2007 (when Asians held 6,960,000 jobs) to its trough in January 2010
(when Asians held 6,431,000 jobs) the number of employed Asians
dropped by 529,000. In April 2013, the employment-to-population
ratio for Asians stood at 60.6 percentit was 63 percent in January
2000. Meanwhile, the number of unemployed Asians has more than
doubled: 7.5 percent of Asians were jobless in January 2010 compared
to 3.2 percent in 2007. Nonetheless, in terms of jobs, Asians as a group
are still well ahead of where they were at the beginning of the millennium.

Demographics are a key, too. The Asian population is growing
more rapidly than the total population, mostly because of strong immigration, a trend that is expected to continue. In 2013, the Asian
population will be 17.2 million, or 53.9 percent higher than its 2000
base of 11.2 million. This 55.9 percent gain in population exceeds

that projected for any other racial group and it nearly equals the 54.3
percent gain estimated for the Hispanics. From 2013 to 2018, the U.S.
Asian population will grow by 14.9 percent, just slightly lower than
the 15.1 percent gain expected for Hispanics.

Moreover, the Asian population of the U.S. is younger than the
overall U.S. population: The 2010 Current Population Survey indicates
that the median age of Asians is 35.4 years compared to 36.7 years for
the total population and 38.2 years for whites. Compared to whites,
larger proportions of Asians are either entering the workforce for the
first time or are moving up on their career ladders. Also, a much smaller
proportion of Asians are of traditional retirement age. For example,
in 2010, only 9.6 percent of Asians were over 65, compared to 13.8
percent of whites. Another factor contributing to Asian buying power
is that nearly all Asians are urbanites.

The economic rewards of education also provide a big boost.
Asians are much better educated than is the average American, and
thus hold many top-level jobs in management, professional, and
scientific specialties. Compared to the overall population, Asians are
much less likely to hold jobs in agriculture, forestry, construction, and
government. According to the 2012 Current Population Survey, 51 percent of Asians over 25 had a bachelors or advanced degree compared
to 31 percent of whites.

The increasing number of successful Asian entrepreneurs also
helps to increase the groups buying power. The 2007 Survey of Business
Owners (released in 2011) shows that the number of Asian-owned firms
increased by 40 percent from 2002 to 2007, which is more than double
the 18 percent increase in the number of all U.S. firms. Compared to
the 1997-2002 period, the overall rate of growth in the number of
Asian-owned firms acceleratedas it did for all U.S. firms. Between
2002 and 2007, the receipts of Asian-owned firms grew by 55 percent
compared to the 34 percent increase in the receipts of all U.S. firms.

In 2013, the ten states with the largest Asian consumer markets,
in order, are California ($230 billion), New York ($66 billion), Texas
($51 billion), New Jersey ($34 billion), Illinois ($28 billion), Hawaii
($27 billion), Washington ($24 billion), Virginia ($23 billion), Florida
($22 billion), and Massachusetts ($18 billion).

Compared to the overall consumer market, the groups spending is
much more focused geographically. In 2013, the five and the ten states
with the largest Asian consumer markets account for 59 percent and 75
percent of Asian buying power, respectively. In contrast, the five and
the ten largest total consumer markets account for 38 percent and 55
percent of U.S. buying power, respectively. One positive implication
of this extreme geographic concentration is lower marketing costs.
Still, zip-code mailings, the use of selective media, the Internet, and
other techniques can be used to reduce the costs of reaching Asians
in states where the groups market share is slim.

In 2013, California stands out as the largest Asian consumer
market. Despite the geographic focus, Asian buying power is attaining critical mass in more states. In 2000, only six states had over $10
billion in Asian buying power. In 2013, fourteen states have reached
this mark, and by 2018, twenty states will have done so.

Ranked by the rate of growth of Asian buying power over 2000-
2013, the top ten states are the District of Columbia (294 percent),
Wyoming (289 percent), Arkansas (280 percent), South Dakota (269
percent), Arizona (253 percent), Nevada (248 percent), Virginia (234
percent), Texas (230 percent), North Carolina (225 percent), and
Alabama (214 percent). Texas (ranks 3) and Virginia (ranks 8) are the
only two of these states that are among the nations ten largest Asian
consumer markets. North Carolina (ranks 16), Arizona (at 17), and
Nevada (ranks 18) are among the nations rapidly emerging Asian
markets, however.

Nationally, Asian consumers share of the nations total buying
power will increase from 2.7 percent in 1990, to 3.8 percent in 2000,
to 5.4 percent in 2010, to 5.7 percent in 2013, and to 6.3 percent in
2018. In order, the ten states with the largest shares of total buying
power that is Asian in 2013 are Hawaii, where Asians account for 46.8
percent of the states buying power, California (14.8 percent), New
Jersey (10 percent), Nevada (8.7 percent), Washington (8.1 percent),
New York (7.3 percent), Virginia (6.6 percent), Maryland (6.4 percent),
Massachusetts (5.6 percent), and Illinois (5.4 percent). Except for Hawaii, where Asians market shares dropped by 3.8 percent, the share
of buying power controlled by Asian consumers rose in every state
from 2000 to 2013. The 4.7 percent gain in Asians share of Californias
consumer market (10.1 percent in 2000 to 14.8 percent in 2013) will
be the largest share increase in the nation, followed by the 4.2 percent
increase in market share in Nevada (4.5 percent to 8.7 percent). Asians
share of New Jerseys total buying power rose by 4.1 percent, from
5.9 percent in 2000 to 10 percent in 2013. Also noteworthy are the
3 percent increase in share estimated for Washington (5.2 percent to
8.1 percent) and the 2.9 percent gain in share estimated for Virginia
(3.7 percent to 6.6 percent).
The Consumer Expenditure Survey indicates that Asian households
spent 21 percent more than the average U.S. household, reflecting their
higher median household incomes. Asian households spent dramatically more than the average U.S. household on groceries, restaurants,
housing, clothing, shoes, new cars, public transportation, education,
and pensions and Social Security. Asians also spent more than the
average household on auto insurance and health insurance. Asian
households spent less than average on alcoholic beverages, utilities,
housekeeping supplies, used vehicles, health care, TVs, pets, toys,
tobacco products, and cash contributions.
The same survey indicates that there are 2.8 persons per Asian
household compared to 2.5 persons for the average household. Asians
have only 1.6 vehicles per household compared to 1.9 vehicles for the
average household.
n Hispanic Buying Power n
he immense buying power of the nations Hispanic consumers

continues to energize the nations consumer market, and Selig
Center projections reveal that Hispanics will control $1.2 trillion
in spending power in 2013. One out of every six people who lives in
the U.S. is of Hispanic origin, and the U.S. Hispanic population continues to grow much more rapidly than the non-Hispanic population.

Over the 29-year period, 1990-2018, the nations Hispanic buying
power will grow dramatically. In sheer dollar power, Hispanics economic clout rose from $210 billion in 1990, to $491 billion in 2000,
to $1 trillion in 2010, to $1.2 trillion in 2013, and to $1.6 trillion in
2018. The 2013 value will exceed the 2000 value by 142 percenta
gain that is far greater than either the 64 percent increase in nonHispanic buying power or the 70 percent increase in the buying power
of all consumers. U.S. Hispanic buying power will grow faster than
African-American buying power (78 percent), and Native American
buying power (78 percent), but more slowly than Asian buying power
(160 percent). In 2013, Hispanics account for 9.6 percent of all U.S.
buying power, up from 9 percent in 2010, from 6.7 percent in 2000,

Where Hispanics Spend More
groceries
phone services
apparel and footware
used vehicles
Where Hispanics Spend Less
tobacco
health care
entertainment
new vehicles
personal insurance
and from 5 percent in 1990. In 2018, Hispanics will account for 10.6
percent of total U.S. buying power.

Of the myriad forces supporting this substantial and continued
growth, by far the most important is favorable demographics. Because
of both higher rates of natural increase and strong immigration, the
Hispanic population is growing more rapidly than the total population, a trend that is projected to continue. Between 2000 and 2013,
the Hispanic population increased by 54.3 percent compared to 6.2
percent for the non-Hispanic population and the 12.3 percent gain
for the total population.

The relatively young Hispanic population, with proportionally
more of them either entering the workforce for the first time or advanc-
ing in their careers, also argues for additional gains in buying power.
Hispanics spending patterns already help to determine the success or
failure of many youth-oriented products and services. According to the
2010 Current Population Survey, 34.9 percent of the Hispanic population is under age 18 compared to 20.8 percent of the non-Hispanic
population. Also, in 2010, only 5.8 percent of Hispanics were over 65,
compared to 15.6 percent of the non-Hispanic population.

The increasing number of Hispanic business owners is another
potent force powering this consumer market. Estimates from the 2007
Survey of Business Owners show that the number of Hispanic-owned
firms increased by 44 percent from 2002 to 2007, which is more than
double the 15 percent increase in the number of non-Hispanic firms.
Compared to the 1997-2002 period, the overall rate of growth in the
number of Hispanic-owned firms acceleratedas it did for all U.S.
firms. Between 2002 and 2007, the receipts of Hispanic-owned firms
grew by 56 percent compared to the 24 percent increase in the receipts
of non-Hispanic firms.

Increases in entrepreneurial activity and the rising level of educational attainment illustrate Hispanics upward mobility. The 2012
Current Population Survey shows that 65 percent of Hispanics over 25
were high school graduates (up from 57 percent in 2000 and 51 percent
in 1990). The proportion with a bachelors degree or above increased
from 9.2 percent in 1990 to 10.6 percent in 2000 to 14.5 percent in
2012. The Census Bureau cautions, however, that levels of educational
attainment for Hispanics are lower than those for non-Hispanic whites,
blacks, and Asians largely because of the vast number of less educated
foreign-born Hispanics.
As is the case for Asians, despite the recessions severity, employment gains can still be cited as one of the key forces supporting the
growth of Hispanic buying power. From January 2000 through April
2013, the number of jobs held by Hispanics increased by an impressive
6,681,000 jobs, or 43 percent. But, even though the number of jobs
held by Hispanics is up considerably from where it stood at the beginning of the decade, the recession hurt. For example, from its peak in
November 2007 (when Hispanics held 20,574,000 jobs) to its trough
in August 2009 (when Hispanics held 19,426,000 jobs) the number of
employed Hispanics dropped by 1,148,000. That signifies the loss of
three out of every ten of the jobs (held by Hispanics) created between
2000 and November 2007. The heavy concentration of Hispanics in
the construction and hospitality industries undoubtedly accounts
for many of those lost jobs. Nonetheless, in terms of the overall job
count, Hispanics are still well ahead of where they were at the start
of the twenty-first century.
Hispanic refers to a person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban or
other Spanish/Hispanic/Latino culture or origin, and is considered an
ethnic category rather than a racial group. Persons of Hispanic origin
therefore may be of any race, and since their culture varies with the
country of origin, the Spanish language often is the uniting factor.
Three out of every five Hispanics living in the U.S. are born here, and
among the foreign born the majority are of Mexican origin, which
suggests that many Hispanics share similar backgrounds and cultures.
Nonetheless, spending patterns differ significantly based on country
10
of origin, and the composition of the nations Hispanic population

is changing.

Hispanics will comprise 17.4 percent of the countrys population
in 2013, and will have disposable income of $1.2 trillion. In 2013, the
ten states with the largest Hispanic markets, in order, are California
($304 billion), Texas ($224 billion), Florida ($122 billion), New York
($91 billion), Illinois ($45 billion), New Jersey ($44 billion), Arizona
($38 billion), New Mexico ($23 billion), Colorado ($23 billion), and
Virginia ($20 billion).

Hispanics and their buying power are much more geographically
concentrated than non-Hispanics. California alone accounts for 26
percent of Hispanic buying power. In 2013, the five states and the
ten states with the largest Hispanic markets account for 66 percent
and 79 percent of Hispanic buying power, respectively. In contrast,
the five states with the largest non-Hispanic markets account for only
36 percent of total buying power and the ten largest non-Hispanic
markets account for only 53 percent of total buying power.

The top ten states, as ranked by the rate of growth of Hispanic
buying power between 2000 and 2013, are Arkansas (288 percent),
South Dakota (282 percent), North Dakota (269 percent), Alabama
(267 percent), South Carolina (263 percent), Tennessee (261 percent),
Maryland (243 percent), Virginia (241 percent), Oklahoma (241 percent), and Mississippi (238 percent). Only Virginia (ranks 10), Maryland (ranks 17), and Oklahoma (ranks 23) are among the nations 25
largest Hispanic consumer markets in 2013, however.
The share of buying power controlled by Hispanic consumers
will rise from 5 percent in 1990 to 6.7 percent in 2000, to 9 percent
in 2010, to 9.6 percent in 2013, and to 10.6 percent in 2018. Their
share will rise in every state. In 2013, the ten states with the largest
Hispanic market shares will be New Mexico (32.3 percent), Texas (21.6
percent), California (19.6 percent), Arizona (16.7 percent), Florida (16.5
percent), Nevada (15.6 percent), Colorado (10.5 percent), New Jersey
(10.2 percent), New York (10.1 percent), and Illinois (8.7 percent).
New Mexicos 5.3 percentage point shift in Hispanic market share,
from 27 percent in 2000 to 32.3 percent in 2013, is the nations largest. Texas will see its Hispanic market share climb from 16.5 percent
to 21.6 percent, a gain of 5.1 percentage points. Nevadas Hispanic
population will claim 15.6 percent of that states buying power, a 4.9
percent advance over their 10.7 percent share in 2000. Hispanics
share of Californias consumer market will rise by 4.8 percent, from
14.8 percent to 19.6 percent, which is remarkable for a state with such
a large, established market. Hispanics share of Floridas market also
will rise by 4.8 percent (from 11.7 percent in 2000 to 16.5 percent in
2013). Arizonas Hispanics will claim 16.7 percent of that states buying
power in 2013, up 4.2 percent from their 12.4 percent share in 2000.
Because of differences in per capita income, wealth, demographics,
and culture, the spending habits of Hispanics as a group are not the
same as those of the average U.S. consumer. The Consumer Expenditure
Survey indicates that Hispanic households spent in total only about 82
percent as much as the average non-Hispanic household.

Despite markedly lower average income levels, Hispanic households spent more on groceries, phone services, apparel, footwear,
gasoline and motor oil, and car insurance. Also, Hispanics spent a
higher proportion of their money on housing, utilities, and eating out.
They spent about the same proportion of their total outlays as nonHispanics on alcoholic beverages, housekeeping supplies, household
textiles, floor coverings, furniture, appliances, public transportation,
and personal care products.

Hispanics spent substantially smaller proportions of total outlays
(and substantially less money) on new cars, health care, tobacco products, entertainment, education, cash contributions, and personal insurance and pensions. The same survey found that Hispanic households
are substantially larger than non-Hispanic households (3.3 persons
per household versus 2.4 persons for non-Hispanics), and have nearly
twice as many children under 18. On average, there are 1.6 vehicles
per Hispanic household compared to two vehicles per non-Hispanic
household. n
11
METHODOLOGY

Because there are no direct measures of the buying power of African Americans, Native Americans, Asians, Whites, and
Hispanics, these estimates were calculated using national and regional economic models, univariate forecasting techniques,
and data from various U.S. government sources. The model developed by the Selig Center integrates statistical methods used
in regional economics with those of market research. In general, the estimation process has two parts: estimating disposable
personal income and allocating that estimate by race or ethnicity based on both population estimates and variances in per
capita income.

The Selig Centers estimates of disposable personal income (the total buying power of all groups, regardless of race or
ethnicity) are reported in Table 5. Total buying power for 1990, 2000, and 2010 equals disposable personal income as reported
in the National Income and Product Accounts tables by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis,
Regional Economic Information System in September 2011. Based on the data provided by the Commerce Department, the
Selig Center prepared projections of total buying power for 2012-2017.

Defined as the share of total personal income that is available for spending on personal consumption, personal interest
payments, and savings, disposable personal income measures the total buying power held by residents of an area. In 2010,
90.3 percent of disposable personal income was used to purchase goods and services (personal consumption expenditures);
the remaining 9.7 percent represents personal savings, non-mortgage interest paid by persons, or personal transfer payments
to either government or to persons living abroad.

The Selig Centers estimates are consistent with the concepts and definitions used in the National Income and Product
Accounts (NIPA). Readers should note that buying power is not the equivalent of aggregate money income as defined by the
Census Bureau. Because the Selig Centers estimates are based on disposable personal income data obtained from the BEA,
rather than money income values issued by the Census Bureau, the result is significantly higher estimates of buying power.
There are several reasons for this lack of correspondence. First, the income definition used by the BEA is not the same as
the definition used by the Census Bureau. Second, Census income data are gathered through a nationwide survey sample
of households, and respondents tend to underreport their income, which accounts for much of the discrepancy. Finally,
the population universe for the Census money income estimates differs from the universe used by the BEA. It should also
be emphasized that the Selig Centers estimates are not equivalent to aggregate consumer expenditures as reported in the
Consumer Expenditure Survey that is conducted each year by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

The Selig Centers estimates of total buying power were allocated to each racial group and Hispanics based on population
estimates and variances in per capita personal income by race or ethnicity. For 2000 and 2010, the Selig Center relied upon
the population distributions provided by the U.S. Census Bureaus intercensal estimates of the resident population by race,
sex, and Hispanic origin for the states and the United States. For 1990, the Selig Center used the U. S. Census Bureaus time
series of intercensal population estimates that were revised in August 2004. The Census Bureau indicates that these estimates
were developed to take into account differences between the postcensal time series population estimates for the 1990s and
Census 2000 results. Because there are differences between the data series, there is a series break, which limits the comparability of the race-based estimates for 1990 to those for 2000 and 2010. The main difference is that the multiracial category
first appears in 2000. There is no corresponding series break for Hispanics, however. Based on trends in the historical data,
the Selig Center prepared independent population projections for 2012-2017.

A relative income adjustment factor was estimated for each group for each geographic area to compensate for the variation in per capita personal income (and by extension, in per capita disposable personal income) that is accounted for by race
or ethnicity. These factors were calculated on an annual basis using Summary File 3 (SF 3) data regarding income by race
12
and Hispanic origin from Census 2000 and per capita money income data by race for local areas that were gathered during
the 1990 Census of Population and Housing. For more recent years, the Selig Center relied on data obtained from the Census
Bureaus 2007-2009 American Community Survey 3-year estimates.

The 2010 expenditures data by item for African Americans, Hispanics, Asians, and the comparison groups were obtained
directly from the Consumer Expenditure Survey that was released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics on September 27, 2011. The
amounts are direct out-of-pocket expenditures, and do not include reimbursements, such as for medical care or car repairs
covered by insurance.
13
Table 1
U.S. Buying Power Statistics by Race,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial

Buying Power
(billions of dollars)
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
4,239.9
3,788.7
316.3
19.6
115.4
NA
7,323.7
6,352.9
600.6
40.2
274.6
59.4
11,114.9
9,348.8
951.5
83.2
599.3
132.1
12,417.8
10,376.7
1,070.9
96.1
712.8
161.3
15,193.6
12,538.6
1,333.4
123.3
961.5
236.8
Percentage Change in Buying Power

1990-2000 2000-2010 2010-2013
2013-2018
Total
72.7 51.8 11.7 22.4
White
67.6 47.3 11.0 20.8
Black
89.9 58.4 12.6 24.5
American Indian
105.6
106.9 15.5 28.3
Asian
138.0
118.3 18.9 34.9
Multiracial
NA 122.5 22.1 46.8

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial

Source:
14
Market Share
(percent)
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0
89.4
86.7
84.1
83.6
82.5
7.5
8.2
8.6
8.6
8.8
0.5
0.5
0.7
0.8
0.8
2.7
3.7
5.4
5.7
6.3
NA
0.8
1.2
1.3
1.6
Selig Center for Economic Growth, Terry College of Business, The University of Georgia, June 2013.
Table 2
U.S. Population Statistics by Race,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
Population

1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

249,622,814
282,162,411
309,330,219
316,903,303
331,204,447
Total

209,366,661
228,530,479
242,256,518
246,154,763
253,138,144
White

30,648,345
35,814,706
40,353,468
41,665,907
44,111,217
Black

2,058,726
2,684,491
3,754,693
3,930,784
4,240,553
American
Indian

7,549,082
11,173,178
15,922,304
17,190,730
19,760,118
Asian

NA
3,959,557
7,043,236
7,961,120
9,954,414
Multiracial

Percentage Change in Population

1990-2000 2000-2010 2010-2013
2013-2018

Total

13.0 9.6 2.4 4.5
White

9.2 6.0 1.6 2.8
Black

16.9 12.7 3.3 5.9
American
Indian

309.4 39.9 4.7 7.9
Asian

48.0 42.5 8.0 14.9
Multiracial

NA 77.93 13.0 25.0

Share of Population

(percent)

1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

Total
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

83.9 81.0 78.3 77.7 76.4
White

12.3 12.7 13.0 13.1 13.3
Black

0.8 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.3
American
Indian

3.0 4.0 5.1 5.4 6.0
Asian

NA
1.4
2.3
2.5
3.0
Multiracial
Source:
15
Table 3
U.S. Hispanic Market Statistics,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018

Total

Hispanic

Non-Hispanic

Buying Power
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
4,240.0
210.0
4,030.0
7,324.0
491.0
6,833.0
11,115.0
1,004.0
10,111.0
12,418.0
1,189.0
11,229.0
15,193.5
1,607.9
13,585.7

Percentage Change in Buying Power

1990-2000 2000-2010 2010-2013
2013-2018

Total

72.7
51.8 11.7 22.4
Hispanic

133.7 104.5
18.4 35.2
Non-Hispanic

69.6
48.0
11.1
21.0

Market Share

(percent)

1990
2000 2010 2013 2018

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0

5.0
6.7 9.0 9.6 10.6
Hispanic

95.0 93.3
91.0 90.4 89.4
Non-Hispanic

Source:
16
Table 4
U.S. Hispanic Population Statistics,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018

Total

Hispanic

Non-Hispanic
Population
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
249,622,814
22,572,838
227,049,976
282,162,411
35,661,885
246,500,526
309,330,219
50,790,485
258,539,734
316,903,303
55,010,588
261,892,715
331,204,447
63,342,454
267,861,993

Percentage Change in Population

1990-2000 2000-2010 2010-2013
2013-2018

13.0 9.6 2.4 4.5
Total

58.0 42.4 8.3 15.1
Hispanic

8.6 4.9 1.3 2.3
Non-Hispanic

Share of Population

(percent)

1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

Total
100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

9.0 12.6 16.4 17.4 19.1
Hispanic

91.0 87.4 83.6 82.6 80.9
Non-Hispanic
Source:
17
Table 5
Total Buying Power by Place of Residence
for U.S. and the States, 1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
(millions of dollars)
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United
States

4,239,944
7,323,689
11,114,876
12,417,821
15,193,580

Alabama

56,468
95,077
148,762
163,041
199,732
Alaska

11,031
17,006
28,685
32,444
41,109
Arizona

55,013
118,518
200,008
225,437
286,224
Arkansas

30,467
53,656
87,190
97,748
122,639
California

557,669
940,429
1,389,654
1,555,140
1,866,305
Colorado

56,239
124,896
191,596
216,326
264,113
Connecticut

75,107
115,443
170,739
184,131
218,448
Delaware

12,227
20,782
31,833
35,205
42,415
District
of Columbia

13,559
19,130
38,431
44,045
59,108
Florida

226,750
407,471
666,740
742,210
925,809
Georgia

100,453
202,509
305,561
342,104
415,743
Hawaii

21,046
30,889
51,243
58,539
75,526
Idaho

14,040
28,037
45,794
51,579
64,468
Illinois

208,224
346,727
486,347
520,893
606,706
Indiana

85,206
146,099
201,169
224,475
264,981
Iowa

42,634
70,675
105,659
122,803
152,415
Kansas

39,506
66,892
99,967
112,828
138,244
Kentucky

50,034
87,964
128,935
144,238
175,083
Louisiana

57,781
94,174
156,093
173,574
217,860
Maine

18,749
29,666
44,456
49,354
58,960
Maryland

93,211
155,236
249,346
278,291
344,168
Massachusetts

117,737
195,890
293,361
323,329
386,367
Michigan

152,408
251,724
309,478
339,965
378,220
Minnesota

75,168
137,065
202,077
227,291
275,130
Mississippi

30,788
55,516
85,148
94,634
115,803
Missouri

79,456
136,426
199,467
219,867
262,880
Montana

10,957
18,771
31,203
35,550
45,036
Nebraska

25,300
42,953
65,961
75,309
93,316
Nevada

21,438
54,253
88,813
97,598
121,375
New
Hampshire
20,041
36,312
52,993
58,063
68,751
New
Jersey
164,288
272,596
393,384
429,671
508,979
New
Mexico
20,256
36,781
63,115
70,657
89,510
New
York
367,093
543,786
825,050
904,092
1,108,101
North
Carolina

100,924
195,950
301,232
339,536
422,134
North
Dakota

9,170
14,825
26,225
34,923
49,997
Ohio

177,528
281,335
375,818
418,279
486,569
Oklahoma

44,618
75,031
123,031
142,175
182,295
Oregon

44,932
84,180
123,979
139,490
168,014
Pennsylvania

203,445
319,410
462,743
512,850
615,686
Rhode
Island

17,558
26,625
40,156
43,839
51,855
South
Carolina

49,172
89,183
137,802
154,548
191,451
South
Dakota

10,265
18,047
30,180
35,557
46,563
Tennessee

73,436
136,938
209,152
234,725
288,032
Texas

263,742
527,136
891,469
1,038,131
1,363,613
Utah

22,733
48,150
81,700
94,114
121,318
Vermont

8,769
14,957
22,817
25,384
30,919
Virginia

110,256
190,258
316,001
354,455
445,301
Washington

85,552
165,225
261,161
297,864
374,273
West Virginia

23,138
35,805
54,190
60,246
72,730
Wisconsin

77,078
134,775
195,585
214,565
253,864
Wyoming

7,284
12,512
23,377
26,709
35,439
Source:
18
Table 6
White Buying Power by Place of Residence
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
3,788,694
6,348,911
9,348,810
10,376,652
12,538,607

Alabama
47,872
77,507
119,109
129,932
157,927
Alaska
9,501
13,974
23,150
26,048
32,652
Arizona
51,950
109,848
179,114
200,375
250,833
Arkansas
27,514
47,275
75,782
84,629
105,483
California
482,829
781,808
1,082,526
1,197,739
1,413,146
Colorado
53,523
116,832
176,655
198,744
241,032
Connecticut
70,272
105,348
151,578
162,293
189,655
Delaware
10,738
17,268
25,338
27,736
32,613
District of Columbia
7,673
11,492
25,066
29,374
40,861
Florida
207,843
361,186
574,065
634,516
782,259
Georgia
83,071
157,200
224,764
248,596
295,186
Hawaii
8,408
10,721
17,573
20,441
26,512
Idaho
13,774
27,166
43,991
49,399
61,439
Illinois
184,866
299,059
412,158
439,563
507,412
Indiana
79,904
134,366
182,771
203,148
237,469
Iowa
41,841
68,461
101,407
117,490
144,776
Kansas
37,409
62,204
91,559
102,919
125,127
Kentucky
47,278
81,716
118,686
132,314
159,480
Louisiana
47,515
73,592
120,359
133,320
166,607
Maine
18,553
29,111
43,380
48,060
57,094
Maryland
74,202
115,148
173,852
191,424
230,230
Massachusetts
111,490
180,508
262,032
286,442
336,791
Michigan
136,044
218,373
266,676
292,038
322,638
Minnesota
72,993
129,701
187,119
209,223
250,006
Mississippi
24,611
41,920
63,521
70,238
85,239
Missouri
72,929
122,503
177,424
194,994
231,421
Montana
10,579
17,874
29,554
33,599
42,433
Nebraska
24,492
40,931
62,199
70,798
87,096
Nevada
19,770
47,821
73,302
79,398
95,780
New Hampshire
19,762
35,413
50,911
55,534
65,163
New Jersey
144,582
229,813
315,526
340,475
394,490
New Mexico
18,970
33,646
56,377
62,791
79,099
New York
315,131
450,178
662,552
720,524
870,902
North Carolina
85,681
162,390
244,108
273,663
336,812
North Dakota
8,937
14,234
25,013
33,227
47,234
Ohio
163,096
252,840
334,320
370,797
427,532
Oklahoma
39,888
64,155
103,043
118,554
150,643
Oregon
43,159
78,883
113,895
127,516
152,266
Pennsylvania
188,719
290,396
412,542
454,706
538,834
Rhode Island
16,857
25,052
36,974
40,153
46,942
South Carolina
40,293
71,044
109,418
122,671
151,916
South Dakota
9,920
17,192
28,419
33,372
43,381
Tennessee
65,659
118,870
179,225
200,382
244,094
Texas
239,364
464,113
758,007
876,338
1,137,445
Utah
22,118
46,168
77,567
89,090
114,241
Vermont
8,700
14,686
22,264
24,712
29,945
Virginia
94,891
156,558
250,586
278,576
344,085
Washington
79,820
148,549
226,350
255,907
316,593
West Virginia
22,409
34,364
51,750
57,386
68,991
Wisconsin
74,152
127,346
182,795
199,913
234,979
Wyoming
Source:
7,148
12,111
22,459
25,576
33,825
19
Table 7
Black Buying Power by Place of Residence
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
316,327 600,607 951,492
1,070,926
1,333,396

Alabama
8,139 15,857 25,607 28,300 34,879
Alaska
330 504 867
1,023
1,273
Arizona
1,191 2,861 6,484 7,845
11,319
Arkansas
2,673 5,249 8,645 9,696
12,113
California
28,111 44,904 68,786 76,749 90,368
Colorado
1,636 3,544 5,465 6,272 7,892
Connecticut
3,669 6,379 10,734 11,926 14,903
Delaware
1,280 2,787 4,712 5,319 6,741
5,636
6,893
10,865
11,563
13,698
Florida
16,069 35,585 65,876 75,264 97,241
Georgia
16,102 39,344 66,103 75527 94,794
Hawaii
358 518 841
1,154
1,408
Idaho
35 97 212 279 422
Illinois
17,943 32,544 43,729 46,427 53,365
Indiana
4,465 9,016 12,636 14,301 17,601
Iowa
466 949 1,748 2,168 3,119
Kansas
1,460 2,653 4,065 4,656 5,818
Kentucky
2,414 4,727 7,073 8,071
10,090
Louisiana
9,621 18,458 30,843 34,420 43,040
Maine
60 121 242 304 511
Maryland
16,266 32,413 56,717 64,199 81,738
Massachusetts
3,974 7,519 12,907 14,753 19,189
Michigan
13,899 25,235 29,063 31,740 35,329
Minnesota
998 2,912 5,430 6,511 9,316
Mississippi
5,988 12,761 19,927 22,343 27,683
Missouri
5,664 10,786 15,430 17,027 20,647
Montana
21 49 68 98
144
Nebraska
583 1,141 1,827 2,126 2,812
Nevada
878 2,759 5,693 6,528 8,870
New Hampshire 103 207 434 536 768
New Jersey
13,859 24,442 36,828 40,521 48,260
New Mexico
305
609
1,260
1,520
2,040
New York
38,918 60,639 91,987 100,985
123,595
North Carolina 13,770 28,084 44,368 50,312 62,809
North Dakota
34
65
165
259
494
Ohio
12,326 22,302 29,600 33,171 39,757
Oklahoma
2,080 3961 6,077 7,047 9,066
Oregon
458 992 1,656 1,936 2,475
Pennsylvania
12,274 21,475 32,180 36,202 45,414
Rhode Island
451
862
1,631
1,866
2,444
South Carolina
8,471 16,510 24,633 27,319 32,994
South Dakota
34
82
213
298
529
Tennessee
7,184 15,394 23,831 26,937 33,380
Texas
18,938 41,941 77,662 91,720
122,533
Utah
122 355 561 681
1,025
Vermont
19 49 126 164 267
Virginia
12,556 24,604 40,992 45,988 57,552
Washington
1,874 4,152 6,681 7,865
10,400
West Virginia
513
857
1,354
1,561
1,952
Wisconsin
2,066 4,378 6,526 7,277 9,076
Wyoming
40 81 132 175 247
Source:
Selig Center for Economic Growth, Terry College of Business, The University of Georgia, June 2013s.
20
Table 8
American Indian Buying Power by Place of Residence
Area
1990
2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
19,557
40,217
83,193
96,112
123,287

Alabama
166
386
805
904
1,156
Alaska
904
1,492
2,402
2,664
3,267
Arizona
1,128
2,520
5,051
5,673
6,871
Arkansas
132
311
621
734
956
California
3,533
6,717
15,753
18,396
23,283
Colorado
317
893
1,704
1,954
2,461
Connecticut
105
224
472
532
680
Delaware
33
57
138
159
209
26
54
182
217
301
Florida
484
1,144
2,418
2,799
3,554
Georgia
169
483
1,167
1,361
1,789
Hawaii
80
86
192
260
342
Idaho
119
249
475
540
667
Illinois
311
712
1,931
2,207
2,937
Indiana
141
324
584
669
834
Iowa
58
146
246
295
390
Kansas
234
429
745
859
1,081
Kentucky
49
153
280
326
409
Louisiana
168
421
896
1,025
1,344
Maine
55
108
177
199
244
Maryland
202
428
1,007
1,158
1,571
Massachusetts
161
327
793
917
1,213
Michigan
616
1,081
1,557
1,745
2,002
Minnesota
409
861
1,255
1,410
1,726
Mississippi
58
172
354
410
532
Missouri
232
460
838
952
1,147
Montana
317
604
1,021
1,156
1,445
Nebraska
86
185
375
440
579
Nevada
237
514
997
1,104
1,318
New Hampshire
28
64
116
134
159
New Jersey
251
517
1,197
1,374
1,862
New Mexico
798
1,678
3,424
3,851
4,784
New York
804
1,572
4,516
5,251
7,237
North Carolina
769
1,621
2,734
3,054
3,809
North Dakota
159
342
663
886
1,290
Ohio
246
457
733
842
1,006
Oklahoma
2,225
3,933
7,503
8,706
11,283
Oregon
418
728
1,259
1,439
1,776
Pennsylvania
190
379
905
1,053
1,445
Rhode Island
43
72
154
174
226
South Carolina
99
262
590
673
875
South Dakota
282
579
1,057
1,241
1,629
Tennessee
122
361
671
764
993
Texas
878
2,648
6,738
8,181
11,233
Utah
156
373
716
830
1,033
Vermont
15
42
69
79
94
Virginia
232
505
1,128
1,294
1,747
Washington
897
1,574
2,893
3,313
4,145
West Virginia
16
63
96
109
133
Wisconsin
333
764
1,240
1,381
1,674
Wyoming
68
144
353
415
547
Source:
21
Table 9
Asian Buying Power by Place of Residence
Area
1990
2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
115,366
274,564
599,263
712,805
961,532

Alabama
291
806
2,095
2,529
3,736
Alaska
296
567
1,284
1,543
2,218
Arizona
743
2,449
7,036
8,652
12,744
Arkansas
148
432
1,292
1,641
2,539
California
43,196
94,865
196,121
230,179
294,593
Colorado
763
2,536
5,325
6,342
8,372
Connecticut
1,061
2,821
6,558
7,736
10,827
Delaware
176
546
1,324
1,601
2,252
225
501
1,601
1,974
2,779
Florida
2,355
6,926
17,826
21,592
30,661
Georgia
1,112
4,312
10,762
13,154
18,624
Hawaii
12,199
15,633
24,649
27,422
34,707
Idaho
112
316
595
708
982
Illinois
5,103
12,550
24,612
28,066
36,356
Indiana
696
1,658
3,714
4,568
6,450
Iowa
269
870
1,726
2,166
3,057
Kansas
404
1,094
2,403
2,911
4,008
Kentucky
292
926
2,120
2,597
3,700
Louisiana
478
1,188
2,864
3,422
4,706
Maine
81
173
387
470
635
Maryland
2,542
6,032
14,668
17,6846
24,676
Massachusetts
2,113
6,350
15,078
18,112
24,646
Michigan
1,849
5,184
9,294
11,028
13,752
Minnesota
769
2,778
6,591
8,085
11,048
Mississippi
130
430
891
1,079
1,485
Missouri
631
1,718
3,926
4,696
6,528
Montana
40
91
165
200
273
Nebraska
138
498
1,076
1,328
1,869
Nevada
553
2,451
7,114
8,529
12,431
New Hampshire
148
446
1,141
1,388
1,975
New Jersey
5,596
16,181
36,272
42,993
58,180
New Mexico
183
529
1,214
1,450
2,017
New York
12,241
27,266
56,569
65,967
89,634
North Carolina
704
2,903
7,577
9,427
13,688
North Dakota
40
112
230
329
587
Ohio
1,860
4,078
8,137
9,807
13,049
Oklahoma
425
977
2,440
3,037
4,326
Oregon
898
2,538
4,996
5,951
7,796
Pennsylvania
2,262
5,784
13,946
16,966
23,894
Rhode Island
207
453
903
1,045
1,351
South Carolina
309
958
2,264
2,773
3,899
South Dakota
29
93
257
343
539
Tennessee
471
1,541
3,809
4,668
6,565
Texas
4,562
15,379
40,481
50,688
74,751
Utah
338
935
2,104
2,560
3,537
Vermont
35
90
181
219
307
Virginia
2,577
7,002
19,080
23,367
33,761
Washington
2,960
8,520
19,843
24,155
33,457
West Virginia
200
339
639
770
1,020
Wisconsin
527
1,667
3,841
4,583
6,091
Wyoming
29
78
237
303
454
Source:
22
Table 10
Multiracial Buying Power by Place of Residence
for U.S. and the States, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
Area
2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
59,389
132,119
161,325
236,757

Alabama
520
1,146
1,377
2,034
Alaska
469
981
1,167
1,699
Arizona
841
2,323
2,893
4,458
Arkansas
390
850
1,048
1,548
California
12,135
26,467
32,077
44,916
Colorado
1,092
2,447
3,015
4,357
Connecticut
671
1,397
1,643
2,383
Delaware
124
320
390
600
190
717
916
1,470
Florida
2,630
6,554
8,038
12,094
Georgia
1,171
2,765
3,466
5,349
Hawaii
3,932
7,989
9,262
12,557
Idaho
210
521
652
959
Illinois
1,862
3,917
4,631
6,636
Indiana
735
1,464
1,789
2,627
Iowa
251
531
683
1,074
Kansas
513
1,195
1,484
2,210
Kentucky
442
776
929
1,405
Louisiana
515
1,130
1,386
2,164
Maine
153
270
322
476
Maryland
1,214
3,102
3,826
5,953
Massachusetts
1,186
2,551
3,104
4,527
Michigan
1,850
2,888
3,413
4,499
Minnesota
812
1,681
2,062
3,034
Mississippi
233
455
563
863
Missouri
959
1,849
2,198
3,137
Montana
154
396
496
741
Nebraska
198
483
616
961
Nevada
708
1,706
2,039
2,976
New Hampshire
182
392
472
686
New Jersey
1,643
3,561
4,309
6,188
New Mexico
319
840
1,045
1,569
New York
4,131
9,426
11,366
16,733
North Carolina
952
2,446
3,080
5,016
North Dakota
72
153
222
392
Ohio
1,658
3,029
3,662
5,225
Oklahoma
2,006
3,969
4,831
6,978
Oregon
1,039
2,174
2,648
3,700
Pennsylvania
1,376
3,170
3,922
6,100
Rhode Island
186
494
601
892
South Carolina
409
897
1,113
1,768
South Dakota
101
234
303
484
Tennessee
773
1,616
1,974
3,000
Texas
3,054
8,581
11,204
17,651
Utah
319
752
954
1,483
Vermont
90
177
210
306
Virginia
1,589
4,215
5,230
8,156
Washington
2,430
5,393
6,624
9,678
West Virginia
183
351
420
635
Wisconsin
620
1,182
1,411
2,044
Wyoming
98
196
239
367
Source:
23
Table 11
Hispanic Buying Power by Place of Residence
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United
States
210,101
491,081
1,004,120
1,188,845
1,607,904

Alabama
276
1,094
3,195
4,019
6,678
Alaska
230
459
1,068
1,330
1,882
Arizona
5,387
14,713
32,052
37,572
49,992
Arkansas
164
977
2,967
3,789
6,096
California
68,525
139,319
261,345
304,302
385,098
Colorado
3,936
11,078
19,546
22,734
29,565
Connecticut
2,312
4,861
10,828
12,695
17,191
Delaware
182
539
1,361
1,663
2,437
472
896
2,420
2,934
3,936
Florida
19,746
47,635
104,003
122,100
168,419
Georgia
1,325
6,270
13,791
16,845
24,570
Hawaii
950
1,334
2,971
3,631
5,062
Idaho
394
1,111
2,708
3,281
4,631
Illinois
8,830
22,525
39,956
45,144
57,572
Indiana
1,045
3,224
6,530
7,970
11,451
Iowa
310
1,090
2,622
3,394
5,213
Kansas
876
2,513
5,351
6,520
9,282
Kentucky
228
855
2,175
2,749
4,362
Louisiana
1,195
2,023
5,325
6,601
10,243
Maine
77
161
303
374
550
Maryland
1,784
4,174
11,452
14,307
22,439
Massachusetts
2,533
5,999
12,815
15,275
20,832
Michigan
2,153
5,092
7,802
9,086
11,344
Minnesota
506
2,084
4,505
5,519
8,003
Mississippi
156
608
1,623
2,058
3,253
Missouri
726
1,886
4,303
5,246
7,586
Montana
85
226
515
649
940
Nebraska
337
1,275
2,903
3,636
5,445
Nevada
1,333
5,779
13,043
15,177
20,728
New Hampshire
145
363
818
1,001
1,436
New Jersey
8,935
19,285
37,501
43,678
57,396
New Mexico
4,933
9,945
19,920
22,851
29,828
New York
23,757
43,324
79,624
90,908
118,189
North Carolina
836
4,963
12,074
14,954
22,866
North Dakota
32
121
285
445
771
Ohio
1,550
3,460
6,897
8,418
11,708
Oklahoma
717
2,155
5,725
7,356
11,533
Oregon
917
3,212
7,093
8,631
11,924
Pennsylvania
2,110
5,395
13,462
16,755
24,892
Rhode Island
399
990
2,268
2,706
3,681
South Carolina
371
1,353
3,873
4,911
8,018
South Dakota
43
151
421
576
957
Tennessee
394
1,845
5,218
6,655
10,725
Texas
32,779
86,938
185,619
224,328
309,337
Utah
739
2,583
5,904
7,221
10,534
Vermont
46
103
250
314
460
Virginia
2,167
5,801
15,936
19,807
30,094
Washington
2,022
5,968
14,151
17,527
25,504
West Virginia
93
203
474
604
904
Wisconsin
778
2,607
5,844
7,044
10,032
Wyoming
263
514
1,281
1,553
2,313
Source:
24
Table 12
Non-Hispanic Buying Power by Place of Residence
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
4,029,843
6,832,608
10,110,756
11,228,976
13,585,676

Alabama
56,192
93,983
145,567
159,023
193,054
Alaska
10,801
16,546
27,617
31,114
39,227
Arizona
49,626
103,805
167,956
187,865
236,232
Arkansas
30,303
52,679
84,223
93,959
116,543
California
489,144
801,110
1,128,309
1,250,838
1,481,206
Colorado
52,304
113,819
172,050
193,592
234,548
Connecticut
72,794
110,582
159,911
171,436
201,257
Delaware
12,046
20,243
30,471
33,541
39,978
13,087
18,234
36,012
41,111
55,172
Florida
207,003
359,836
562,737
620,109
757,390
Georgia
99,128
196,239
291,770
325,259
391,172
Hawaii
20,095
29,556
48,271
54,908
70,464
Idaho
13,645
26,926
43,086
48,298
59,837
Illinois
199,394
324,202
446,391
475,749
549,134
Indiana
84,161
142,875
194,639
216,505
253,530
Iowa
42,323
69,585
103,038
119,409
147,202
Kansas
38,629
64,378
94,615
106,308
128,962
Kentucky
49,806
87,110
126,760
141,489
170,721
Louisiana
56,587
92,150
150,768
166,973
207,617
Maine
18,672
29,505
44,153
48,981
58,410
Maryland
91,427
151,062
237,894
263,984
321,730
Massachusetts
115,204
189,890
280,546
308,053
365,534
Michigan
150,255
246,631
301,676
330,878
366,876
Minnesota
74,662
134,981
197,572
221,771
267,128
Mississippi
30,632
54,909
83,524
92,576
112,550
Missouri
78,731
134,540
195,164
214,621
255,294
Montana
10,872
18,545
30,688
34,901
44,096
Nebraska
24,963
41,677
63,058
71,673
87,871
Nevada
20,104
48,473
75,770
82,420
100,647
New Hampshire
19,896
35,948
52,175
57,061
67,315
New Jersey
155,353
253,311
355,883
385,993
451,583
New Mexico
15,324
26,836
43,195
47,806
59,681
New York
343,336
500,462
745,426
813,185
989,912
North Carolina
100,087
190,987
289,159
324,582
399,268
North Dakota
9,138
14,705
25,940
34,478
49,226
Ohio
175,978
277,875
368,921
409,861
474,860
Oklahoma
43,901
72,876
117,306
134,818
170,762
Oregon
44,015
80,969
116,886
130,858
156,090
Pennsylvania
201,335
314,015
449,281
496,095
590,795
Rhode Island
17,159
25,635
37,887
41,133
48,174
South Carolina
48,800
87,829
133,929
149,637
183,434
South Dakota
10,221
17,896
29,759
34,981
45,606
Tennessee
73,042
135,093
203,934
228,071
277,307
Texas
230,963
440,199
705,850
813,803
1,054,276
Utah
21,994
45,567
75,795
86,894
110,784
Vermont
8,724
14,854
22,566
25,070
30,459
Virginia
108,089
184,456
300,065
334,648
415,207
Washington
83,529
159,257
247,009
280,337
348,770
West Virginia
23,046
35,603
53,716
59,642
71,826
Wisconsin
76,301
132,168
189,742
207,522
243,832
Wyoming
7,022
11,998
22,096
25,155
33,126
Source:
25
Table 13
Percentage Change in Buying Power by Race, 1990-2000

American
Area
Total
White
Black
Indian
Asian
United States
72.7
67.6
89.9
105.6
138.0

Alabama
68.4 61.9 94.8 132.5 176.8
Alaska
54.2 47.1 52.4 65.1 91.6
Arizona
115.4 111.4 140.2 123.3 229.5
Arkansas
76.1 71.8 96.3 136.3 191.1
California
68.6 61.9 59.7 90.1
119.6
Colorado
122.1 118.3 116.7 181.5 232.3
Connecticut
53.7 49.9 73.9 113.7 165.9
Delaware
70.0 60.8
117.7 71.5
209.3
41.1
49.8
22.3
111.5
123.0
Florida
79.7 73.8 121.5 136.5 194.1
Georgia
101.6 89.2 144.3 186.7 287.8
Hawaii
46.8 27.5 44.6 6.4 28.1
Idaho
99.7 97.2 178.2 108.1 182.7
Illinois
66.5 61.8 81.4 128.7 145.9
Indiana
71.5 68.2 101.9 129.1 138.2
Iowa
65.8 63.6 103.6 150.6 223.6
Kansas
69.3 66.3 81.7 83.4
171.0
Kentucky
75.8 72.8 95.8 211.2 216.7
Louisiana
63.0 54.9 91.9 150.6 148.6
Maine
58.2 56.9
100.1 96.2
113.8
Maryland
66.5 55.2 99.3 111.9 137.3
Massachusetts 66.4 61.9 89.2 103.4 200.6
Michigan
65.2 60.5 81.6 75.5
180.3
Minnesota
82.3 77.7 191.9 110.6 261.2
Mississippi
80.3 70.3 113.1 194.9 230.9
Missouri
71.7 68.0 90.4 98.5
172.0
Montana
71.3 69.0
132.6 90.4
128.2
Nebraska
69.8 67.1 95.6 114.2 259.6
Nevada
153.1 141.9 214.4 116.5 343.1
New Hampshire
81.2
79.2
100.2
131.6
201.2
New Jersey
65.9
59.0
76.4
106.1
189.1
New Mexico
81.6
77.4
99.6
110.2
188.6
New York
48.1 42.9 55.8 95.7
122.7
North Carolina
94.2
89.5
103.9
111.0
312.4
North Dakota
61.7
59.3
90.3
114.9
183.3
Ohio
58.5 55.0 80.9 85.3
119.2
Oklahoma
68.2 60.8 90.4 76.8
129.9
Oregon
87.3 82.8
116.5 74.4
182.6
Pennsylvania 57.0 53.9 75.0 99.4
155.7
Rhode Island 51.6 48.6 91.1 68.2
119.4
South Carolina
81.4
76.3
94.9
165.3
209.8
South Dakota
75.8
73.3
140.0
105.1
225.5
Tennessee
86.5 81.0 114.3 196.9 227.3
Texas
99.9 93.9 121.5 201.6 237.1
Utah
111.8 108.7 191.8 139.2 176.7
Vermont
70.6 68.8 153.2 182.0 157.1
Virginia
72.6 65.0 96.0 117.5 171.6
Washington
93.1 86.1
121.5 75.4
187.8
West Virginia
54.7
53.3
66.9
293.0
69.6
Wisconsin
74.9 71.7 111.9 129.5 216.0
Wyoming
71.8 69.4 102.2 112.7 168.3
Source:
26
Table 14

American
Area
Total
White
Black
Indian
Asian
United States
51.8
47.3
58.4
106.9
118.3

Alabama
56.5 53.7 61.5 108.4 159.8
Alaska
68.7 65.7 72.2 61.0 126.5
Arizona
68.8 63.1 126.7 100.5 187.3
Arkansas
62.5 60.3 64.7 99.7 199.3
California
47.8 38.5 53.2 134.5 106.7
Colorado
53.4 51.2 54.2 90.8 110.0
Connecticut
47.9 43.9 68.3 110.5 132.5
Delaware
53.2 46.7 69.1 143.5 142.6
100.9
118.1
57.6
237.1
219.7
Florida
63.6 58.9 85.1 111.4 157.4
Georgia
50.9 43.0 68.0 141.5 149.6
Hawaii
65.9 63.9 62.3 124.4 57.7
Idaho
63.3 61.9 118.5 91.1 88.4
Illinois
40.3 37.8 34.4 171.3 96.1
Indiana
37.7 36.0 40.1 80.2 124.0
Iowa
49.5 48.1 84.3 68.8 98.5
Kansas
49.4 47.2 53.2 73.8 119.7
Kentucky
46.6 45.2 49.7 82.6 128.9
Louisiana
65.7 63.6 67.1 112.6 141.2
Maine
49.9 49.0 100.7 63.3 124.5
Maryland
60.6 51.0 75.0 135.0 143.2
Massachusetts 49.8 45.2 71.7 142.8 137.4
Michigan
22.9 22.1 15.2 44.0 79.3
Minnesota
47.4 44.3 86.4 45.8 137.3
Mississippi
53.4 51.5 56.2 106.2 107.1
Missouri
46.2 44.8 43.0 82.2 128.6
Montana
66.2 65.3 38.0 68.9 81.5
Nebraska
53.6 52.0 60.1 103.2 116.3
Nevada
63.7 53.3 106.4 94.1 190.3
New Hampshire
45.9
43.8
109.9
80.6
155.9
New Jersey
44.3
37.3
50.7
131.3
124.2
New Mexico
71.6 67.6 106.9 104.1 129.6
New York
51.7
47.2
51.7
187.3
107.5
North Carolina 53.7 50.3 58.0 68.6 161.0
North Dakota
76.9
75.7
152.7
94.1
105.0
Ohio
33.6 32.2 32.7 60.6 99.5
Oklahoma
64.0 60.6 53.4 90.8 149.7
Oregon
47.3 44.4 66.9 72.9 96.9
Pennsylvania
44.9 42.1 49.8 139.2 141.1
Rhode Island
50.8
47.6
89.1
114.5
99.2
South Carolina
54.5
54.0
49.2
125.5
136.4
South Dakota
67.2
65.3
158.3
82.7
176.1
Tennessee
52.7 50.8 54.8 85.9 147.2
Texas
69.1 63.3 85.2 154.4 163.2
Utah
69.7 68.0 57.9 91.7 125.0
Vermont
52.6 51.6 156.8 64.1 101.6
Virginia
66.1 60.1 66.6 123.2 172.5
Washington
58.1 52.4 60.9 83.8 132.9
West Virginia 51.3 50.6 58.0 52.4 88.7
Wisconsin
45.1 43.5 49.1 62.4 130.5
Wyoming
86.8 85.4 63.1 146.1 204.1
Source:
27
Table 15

American
Area
Total
White
Black
Indian
Asian
Multiracial
United States
11.7 11.0 12.6 15.5 18.9 22.1

Alabama
9.6 9.1 10.5 12.3 20.7 20.2
Alaska
13.1 12.5 17.9 10.9 20.2 18.9
Arizona
12.7 11.9 21.0 12.3 23.0 24.6
Arkansas
12.1 11.7 12.2 18.2 27.1 23.2
California
11.9 10.6 11.6 16.8 17.4 21.2
Colorado
12.9 12.5 14.8 14.7 19.1 23.2
Connecticut
7.8 7.1 11.1 12.7 18.0 17.7
Delaware
10.6 9.5 12.9 14.9 20.9 21.9
14.6
17.2
6.4
19.1
23.3
27.8
Florida
11.3 10.5 14.3 15.7 21.1 22.6
Georgia
12.0 10.6 14.3 16.7 22.2 25.3
Hawaii
14.2 16.3 37.2 35.6 11.3 15.9
Idaho
12.6 12.3 31.5 13.7 19.1 25.2
Illinois
7.1 6.6 6.2 14.3 14.0 18.2
Indiana
11.6 11.1 13.2 14.7 23.0 22.2
Iowa
16.2 15.9 24.0 20.0 25.5 28.6
Kansas
12.9 12.4 14.5 15.3 21.1 24.1
Kentucky
11.9 11.5 14.1 16.7 22.5 19.7
Louisiana
11.2 10.8 11.6 14.4 19.5 22.7
Maine
11.0 10.8 25.4 12.6 21.3 19.5
Maryland
11.6 10.1 13.2 15.0 20.6 23.3
Massachusetts 10.2 9.3 14.3 15.5 20.1 21.7
Michigan
9.9 9.5 9.2 12.1 18.7 18.2
Minnesota
12.5 11.8 19.9 12.3 22.7 22.7
Mississippi
11.1 10.6 12.1 15.8 21.1 23.9
Missouri
10.2 9.9 10.3 13.6 19.6 18.9
Montana
13.9 13.7 45.3 13.3 21.4 25.1
Nebraska
14.2 13.8 16.4 17.3 23.4 27.6
Nevada
9.9 8.3 14.7 10.7 19.9 19.5
New Hampshire
9.6 9.1 23.5 15.3 21.7 20.4
New Jersey
9.2 7.9 10.0 14.8 18.5 21.0
New Mexico
11.9 11.4 20.6 12.5 19.4 24.4
New York
9.6 8.7 9.8 16.3 16.6 20.6
North Carolina
12.7 12.1 13.4 11.7 24.4 25.9
North Dakota
33.2 32.8 56.7 33.6 42.8 44.9
Ohio
11.3 10.9 12.1 14.8 20.5 20.9
Oklahoma
15.6 15.1 16.0 16.0 24.5 21.7
Oregon
12.5 12.0 16.9 14.3 19.1 21.8
Pennsylvania
10.8 10.2 12.5 16.4 21.7 23.7
Rhode Island
9.2 8.6 14.4 13.0 15.8 21.7
South Carolina 12.2 12.1 10.9 14.1 22.5 24.0
South Dakota
17.8 17.4 40.1 17.4 33.6 29.3
Tennessee
12.2 11.8 13.0 14.0 22.6 22.1
Texas
16.5 15.6 18.1 21.4 25.2 30.6
Utah
15.2 14.9 21.4 16.0 21.7 26.9
Vermont
11.3 11.0 30.0 14.3 21.0 19.0
Virginia
12.2 11.2 12.2 14.8 22.5 24.1
Washington
14.1 13.1 17.7 14.5 21.7 22.8
West Virginia
11.2 10.9 15.3 13.7 20.4 19.6
Wisconsin
9.7 9.4 11.5 11.4 19.3 19.3
Wyoming
14.3 13.9 32.2 17.4 27.8 22.4
Source:
28
Table 16

American
Area
Total
White
Black
Indian
Asian
Multiracial
United States
22.4 20.8 24.5 28.3 34.9 46.8

Alabama
22.5 21.5 23.2 27.9 47.8 47.7
Alaska
26.7 25.3 24.5 22.6 43.8 45.6
Arizona
27.0 25.2 44.3 21.1 47.3 54.1
Arkansas
25.5 24.6 24.9 30.3 54.7 47.7
California
20.0 18.0 17.7 26.6 28.0 40.0
Colorado
22.1 21.3 25.8 26.0 32.0 44.5
Connecticut
18.6 16.9 25.0 27.8 39.9 45.0
Delaware
20.5 17.6 26.7 31.2 40.7 53.7
34.2
39.1
18.5
38.6
40.7
60.4
Florida
24.7 23.3 29.2 27.0 42.0 50.5
Georgia
21.5 18.7 25.5 31.4 41.6 54.4
Hawaii
29.0 29.7 22.0 31.4 26.6 35.6
Idaho
25.0 24.4 51.0 23.4 38.6 47.1
Illinois
16.5 15.4 14.9 33.1 29.5 43.3
Indiana
18.0 16.9 23.1 24.5 41.2 46.9
Iowa
24.1 23.2 43.8 31.9 41.2 57.2
Kansas
22.5 21.6 25.0 25.8 37.7 49.0
Kentucky
21.4 20.5 25.0 25.4 42.5 51.2
Louisiana
25.5 25.0 25.0 31.1 37.5 56.1
Maine
19.5 18.8 68.4 22.6 35.1 47.6
Maryland
23.7 20.3 27.3 35.7 39.5 55.6
Massachusetts
19.5 17.6 30.1 32.3 36.1 45.8
Michigan
11.3 10.5 11.3 14.7 24.7 31.8
Minnesota
21.0 19.5 43.1 22.4 36.6 47.2
Mississippi
22.4 21.4 23.9 29.7 37.6 53.3
Missouri
19.6 18.7 21.3 20.5 39.0 42.7
Montana
26.7 26.3 46.4 25.0 36.6 49.4
Nebraska
23.9 23.0 32.2 31.5 40.7 55.8
Nevada
24.4 20.6 35.9 19.4 45.7 46.0
New Hampshire 18.4 17.3 43.5 18.6 42.2 45.4
New Jersey
18.5 15.9 19.1 35.5 35.3 43.6
New Mexico
26.7 26.0 34.2 24.2 39.1 50.1
New York
22.6 20.9 22.4 37.8 35.9 47.2
North Carolina
24.3 23.1 24.8 24.7 45.2 62.9
North Dakota
43.2 42.2 90.9 45.6 78.2 76.8
Ohio
16.3 15.3 19.9 19.5 33.1 42.7
Oklahoma
28.2 27.1 28.6 29.6 42.5 44.4
Oregon
20.4 19.4 27.8 23.5 31.0 39.8
Pennsylvania
20.1 18.5 25.4 37.2 40.8 55.5
Rhode Island
18.3 16.9 31.0 30.2 29.3 48.4
South Carolina
23.9 23.8 20.8 29.9 40.6 58.9
South Dakota
31.0 30.0 77.3 31.3 57.2 60.1
Tennessee
22.7 21.8 23.9 30.0 40.6 52.0
Texas
31.4 29.8 33.6 37.3 47.5 57.5
Utah
28.9 28.2 50.6 24.5 38.2 55.4
Vermont
21.8 21.2 63.3 18.8 40.1 45.5
Virginia
25.6 23.5 25.1 35.0 44.5 55.9
Washington
25.7 23.7 32.2 25.1 38.5 46.1
West Virginia
20.7 20.2 25.0 21.5 32.4 51.3
Wisconsin
18.3 17.5 24.7 21.2 32.9 44.9
Wyoming
32.7 32.3 41.2 31.8 49.7 53.1
Source:
29
Table 17
White Share of Buying Power, for U.S. and the States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
(percent)
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
United States 89.4 86.7 84.1 83.6 82.5

Alabama
84.8 81.5 80.1 79.7 79.1
Alaska
86.1 82.2 80.7 80.3 79.4
Arizona
94.4 92.7 89.6 88.9 87.6
Arkansas
90.3 88.1 86.9 86.6 86.0
California
86.6 83.1 77.9 77.0 75.7
Colorado
95.2 93.5 92.2 91.9 91.3
Connecticut
93.6 91.3 88.8 88.1 86.8
Delaware
87.8 83.1 79.6 78.8 76.9
56.6
60.1
65.2
66.7
69.1
Florida
91.7 88.6 86.1 85.5 84.5
Georgia
82.7 77.6 73.6 72.7 71.0
Hawaii
40.0 34.7 34.3 34.9 35.1
Idaho
98.1 96.9 96.1 95.8 95.3
Illinois
88.8 86.3 84.7 84.4 83.6
Indiana
93.8 92.0 90.9 90.5 89.6
Iowa
98.1 96.9 96.0 95.7 95.0
Kansas
94.7 93.0 91.6 91.2 90.5
Kentucky
94.5 92.9 92.1 91.7 91.1
Louisiana
82.2 78.1 77.1 76.8 76.5
Maine
99.0 98.1 97.6 97.4 96.8
Maryland
79.6 74.2 69.7 68.8 66.9
Massachusetts 94.7 92.1 89.3 88.6 87.2
Michigan
89.3 86.8 86.2 85.9 85.3
Minnesota
97.1 94.6 92.6 92.1 90.9
Mississippi
79.9 75.5 74.6 74.2 73.6
Missouri
91.8 89.8 88.9 88.7 88.0
Montana
96.5 95.2 94.7 94.5 94.2
Nebraska
96.8 95.3 94.3 94.0 93.3
Nevada
92.2 88.1 82.5 81.4 78.9
New Hampshire 98.6 97.5 96.1 95.6 94.8
New Jersey
88.0 84.3 80.2 79.2 77.5
New Mexico
93.6 91.5 89.3 88.9 88.4
New York
85.8 82.8 80.3 79.7 78.6
North Carolina 84.9 82.9 81.0 80.6 79.8
North Dakota 97.5 96.0 95.4 95.1 94.5
Ohio
91.9 89.9 89.0 88.6 87.9
Oklahoma
89.4 85.5 83.8 83.4 82.6
Oregon
96.1 93.7 91.9 91.4 90.6
Pennsylvania 92.8 90.9 89.2 88.7 87.5
Rhode Island 96.0 94.1 92.1 91.6 90.5
South Carolina 81.9 79.7 79.4 79.4 79.3
South Dakota 96.6 95.3 94.2 93.9 93.2
Tennessee
89.4 86.8 85.7 85.4 84.7
Texas
90.8 88.0 85.0 84.4 83.4
Utah
97.3 95.9 94.9 94.7 94.2
Vermont
99.2 98.2 97.6 97.4 96.8
Virginia
86.1 82.3 79.3 78.6 77.3
Washington
93.3 89.9 86.7 85.9 84.6
West Virginia 96.8 96.0 95.5 95.3 94.9
Wisconsin
96.2 94.5 93.5 93.2 92.6
Wyoming
98.1 96.8 96.1 95.8 95.4
Source:
30
Table 18
Black Share of Buying Power, for U.S. and the States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
(percent)
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
United States 7.5 8.2 8.6 8.6 8.8

Alabama
14.4 16.7 17.2 17.4 17.5
Alaska
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.1
Arizona
2.2 2.4 3.2 3.5 4.0
Arkansas
8.8 9.8 9.9 9.9 9.9
California
5.0 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.8
Colorado
2.9 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.0
Connecticut
4.9 5.5 6.3 6.5 6.8
Delaware
10.5 13.4 14.8 15.1 15.9
41.6
36.0
28.3
26.3
23.2
Florida
7.1 8.7 9.9
10.1 10.5
Georgia
16.0 19.4 21.6 22.1 22.8
Hawaii
1.7 1.7 1.6 2.0 1.9
Idaho
0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.7
Illinois
8.6 9.4 9.0 8.9 8.8
Indiana
5.2 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.6
Iowa
1.1 1.3 1.7 1.8 2.0
Kansas
3.7 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2
Kentucky
4.8 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.8
Louisiana
16.7 19.6 19.8 19.8 19.8
Maine
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.9
Maryland
17.5 20.9 22.7 23.1 23.7
Massachusetts 3.4 3.8 4.4 4.6 5.0
Michigan
9.1 10.0 9.4 9.3 9.3
Minnesota
1.3 2.1 2.7 2.9 3.4
Mississippi
19.5 23.0 23.4 23.6 23.9
Missouri
7.1 7.9 7.7 7.7 7.9
Montana
0.2 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3
Nebraska
2.3 2.7 2.8 2.8 3.0
Nevada
4.1 5.1 6.4 6.7 7.3
New Hampshire 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1
New Jersey
8.4 9.0 9.4 9.4 9.5
New Mexico
1.5 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.3
New York
10.6 11.2 11.1 11.2 11.2
North Carolina 13.6 14.3 14.7 14.8 14.9
North Dakota 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 1.0
Ohio
6.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 8.2
Oklahoma
4.7 5.3 4.9 5.0 5.0
Oregon
1.0 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
Pennsylvania 6.0 6.7 7.0 7.1 7.4
Rhode Island 2.6 3.2 4.1 4.3 4.7
South Carolina 17.2 18.5 17.9 17.7 17.2
South Dakota 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.1
Tennessee
9.8 11.2 11.4 11.5 11.6
Texas
7.2 8.0 8.7 8.8 9.0
Utah
0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8
Vermont
0.2 0.3 0.6 0.6 0.9
Virginia
11.4 12.9 13.0 13.0 12.9
Washington
2.2 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8
West Virginia 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7
Wisconsin
2.7 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.6
Wyoming
0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7
Source:
31
Table 19
American Indian Share of Buying Power, for U.S. and the States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
(percent)
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
United States 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8

Alabama
0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6
Alaska
8.2 8.8 8.4 8.2 7.9
Arizona
2.1 2.1 2.5 2.5 2.4
Arkansas
0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8
California
0.6 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.2
Colorado
0.6 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.9
Connecticut
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3
Delaware
0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5
0.2
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.5
Florida
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4
Georgia
0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4
Hawaii
0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5
Idaho
0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0
Illinois
0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.5
Indiana
0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3
Iowa
0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3
Kansas
0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8
Kentucky
0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Louisiana
0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6
Maine
0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4
Maryland
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5
Massachusetts 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3
Michigan
0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5
Minnesota
0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6
Mississippi
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5
Missouri
0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4
Montana
2.9 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2
Nebraska
0.3 0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6
Nevada
1.1 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1
New Hampshire 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
New Jersey
0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4
New Mexico 3.9 4.6 5.4 5.5 5.3
New York
0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7
North Carolina 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9
North Dakota 1.7 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.6
Ohio
0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Oklahoma
5.0 5.2 6.1 6.1 6.2
Oregon
0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1
Pennsylvania 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2
Rhode Island 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4
South Carolina 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5
South Dakota 2.7 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.5
Tennessee
0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Texas
0.3 0.5 0.8 0.8 0.8
Utah
0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9
Vermont
0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Virginia
0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4
Washington
1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1
West Virginia 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
Wisconsin
0.4 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7
Wyoming
0.9 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.5
Source:
32
Table 20
Asian Share of Buying Power, for U.S. and the States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
(percent)
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
United States
2.7
3.7
5.4
5.7
6.3

Alabama
0.5 0.8 1.4 1.6 1.9
Alaska
2.7 3.3 4.5 4.8 5.4
Arizona
1.4 2.1 3.5 3.8 4.5
Arkansas
0.5 0.8 1.5 1.7 2.1
California
7.7 10.1 14.1 14.8 15.8
Colorado
1.4 2.0 2.8 2.9 3.2
Connecticut
1.4 2.4 3.8 4.2 5.0
Delaware
1.4 2.6 4.2 4.5 5.3
1.7
2.6
4.2
4.5
4.7
Florida
1.0 1.7 2.7 2.9 3.3
Georgia
1.1 2.1 3.5 3.8 4.5
Hawaii
58.0 50.6 48.1 46.8 46.0
Idaho
0.8 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5
Illinois
2.5 3.6 5.1 5.4 6.0
Indiana
0.8 1.1 1.8 2.0 2.4
Iowa
0.6 1.2 1.6 1.8 2.0
Kansas
1.0 1.6 2.4 2.6 2.9
Kentucky
0.6 1.1 1.6 1.8 2.1
Louisiana
0.8 1.3 1.8 2.0 2.2
Maine
0.4 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.1
Maryland
2.7 3.9 5.9 6.4 7.2
Massachusetts 1.8 3.2 5.1 5.6 6.4
Michigan
1.2 2.1 3.0 3.2 3.6
Minnesota
1.0 2.0 3.3 3.6 4.0
Mississippi
0.4 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3
Missouri
0.8 1.3 2.0 2.1 2.5
Montana
0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6
Nebraska
0.5 1.2 1.6 1.8 2.0
Nevada
2.6 4.5 8.0 8.7 10.2
New Hampshire
0.7
1.2
2.2
2.4
2.9
New Jersey
3.4
5.9
9.2
10.0
11.4
New Mexico
0.9
1.4
1.9
2.1
2.3
New York
3.3
5.0
6.9
7.3
8.1
North Carolina
0.7
1.5
2.5
2.8
3.2
North Dakota
0.4
0.8
0.9
0.9
1.2
Ohio
1.0 1.4 2.2 2.3 2.7
Oklahoma
1.0 1.3 2.0 2.1 2.4
Oregon
2.0 3.0 4.0 4.3 4.6
Pennsylvania 1.1 1.8 3.0 3.3 3.9
Rhode Island
1.2
1.7
2.2
2.4
2.6
South Carolina
0.6
1.1
1.6
1.8
2.0
South Dakota
0.3
0.5
0.9
1.0
1.2
Tennessee
0.6 1.1 1.8 2.0 2.3
Texas
1.7 2.9 4.5 4.9 5.5
Utah
1.5 1.9 2.6 2.7 2.9
Vermont
0.4 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0
Virginia
2.3 3.7 6.0 6.6 7.6
Washington
3.5 5.2 7.6 8.1 8.9
West Virginia
0.9
0.9
1.2
1.3
1.4
Wisconsin
0.7 1.2 2.0 2.1 2.4
Wyoming
0.4 0.6 1.0 1.1 1.3
Source:
33
Table 21
Multiracial Share of Buying Power, for U.S. and the States,
2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
(percent)
Area
2000
2010 2013 2018
United States
0.8
1.2
1.3
1.6

Alabama
0.5 0.8 0.8 1.0
Alaska
2.8 3.4 3.6 4.1
Arizona
0.7 1.2 1.3 1.6
Arkansas
0.7 1.0 1.1 1.3
California
1.3 1.9 2.1 2.4
Colorado
0.9 1.3 1.4 1.6
Connecticut 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1
Delaware
0.6 1.0 1.1 1.4
1.0
1.9
2.1
2.5
Florida
0.6 1.0 1.1 1.3
Georgia
0.6 0.9 1.0 1.3
Hawaii
12.7 15.6 15.8 16.6
Idaho
0.7 1.1 1.3 1.5
Illinois
0.5 0.8 0.9 1.1
Indiana
0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0
Iowa
0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Kansas
0.8 1.2 1.3 1.6
Kentucky
0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8
Louisiana
0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0
Maine
0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Maryland
0.8 1.2 1.4 1.7
Massachusetts 0.6
0.9 1.0 1.2
Michigan
0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2
Minnesota 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1
Mississippi 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Missouri
0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2
Montana
0.8 1.3 1.4 1.6
Nebraska
0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0
Nevada
1.3 1.9 2.1 2.5
New Hampshire
0.5
0.7
0.8
1.0
New Jersey
0.6
0.9
1.0
1.2
New Mexico
0.9
1.3
1.5
1.8
New York
0.8
1.1
1.3
1.5
North Carolina
0.5
0.8
0.9
1.2
North Dakota
0.5
0.6
0.6
0.8
Ohio
0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1
Oklahoma 2.7 3.2 3.4 3.8
Oregon
1.2 1.8 1.9 2.2
Pennsylvania 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.0
Rhode Island
0.7
1.2
1.4
1.7
South Carolina
0.5
0.7
0.7
0.9
South Dakota
0.6
0.8
0.9
1.0
Tennessee 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.0
Texas
0.6 1.0 1.1 1.3
Utah
0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2
Vermont
0.6 0.8 0.8 1.0
Virginia
0.8 1.3 1.5 1.8
Washington 1.5 2.1 2.2 2.6
West Virginia
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.9
Wisconsin 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Wyoming
0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0
Source:
34
Table 22
Hispanic Share of Buying Power, for U.S. and the States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
(percent)
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
United States 5.0 6.7 9.0 9.6

10.6

Alabama
0.5 1.2 2.1 2.5 3.3
Alaska
2.1 2.7 3.7 4.1 4.6
Arizona
9.8 12.4 16.0 16.7 17.5
Arkansas
0.5 1.8 3.4 3.9 5.0
California
12.3 14.8 18.8 19.6 20.6
Colorado
7.0 8.9 10.2 10.5 11.2
Connecticut
3.1 4.2 6.3 6.9 7.9
Delaware
1.5 2.6 4.3 4.7 5.7
3.5
4.7
6.3
6.7
6.7
Florida
8.7 11.7 15.6 16.5 18.2
Georgia
1.3 3.1 4.5 4.9 5.9
Hawaii
4.5 4.3 5.8 6.2 6.7
Idaho
2.8 4.0 5.9 6.4 7.2
Illinois
4.2 6.5 8.2 8.7 9.5
Indiana
1.2 2.2 3.2 3.6 4.3
Iowa
0.7 1.5 2.5 2.8 3.4
Kansas
2.2 3.8 5.4 5.8 6.7
Kentucky
0.5 1.0 1.7 1.9 2.5
Louisiana
2.1 2.1 3.4 3.8 4.7
Maine
0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.9
Maryland
1.9 2.7 4.6 5.1 6.5
Massachusetts 2.2 3.1 4.4 4.7 5.4
Michigan
1.4 2.0 2.5 2.7 3.0
Minnesota
0.7 1.5 2.2 2.4 2.9
Mississippi
0.5 1.1 1.9 2.2 2.8
Missouri
0.9 1.4 2.2 2.4 2.9
Montana
0.8 1.2 1.7 1.8 2.1
Nebraska
1.3 3.0 4.4 4.8 5.8
Nevada
6.2 10.7 14.7 15.6 17.1
New Hampshire 0.7 1.0 1.5 1.7 2.1
New Jersey
5.4
7.1
9.5
10.2
11.3
New Mexico 24.4 27.0 31.6 32.3 33.3
New York
6.5
8.0
9.7
10.1
10.7
North Carolina 0.8 2.5 4.0 4.4 5.4
North Dakota 0.4 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.5
Ohio
0.9 1.2 1.8 2.0 2.4
Oklahoma
1.6 2.9 4.7 5.2 6.3
Oregon
2.0 3.8 5.7 6.2 7.1
Pennsylvania 1.0 1.7 2.9 3.3 4.0
Rhode Island 2.3 3.7 5.6 6.2 7.1
South Carolina 0.8 1.5 2.8 3.2 4.2
South Dakota 0.4 0.8 1.4 1.6 2.1
Tennessee
0.5 1.3 2.5 2.8 3.7
Texas
12.4 16.5 20.8 21.6 22.7
Utah
3.3 5.4 7.2 7.7 8.7
Vermont
0.5 0.7 1.1 1.2 1.5
Virginia
2.0 3.0 5.0 5.6 6.8
Washington
2.4 3.6 5.4 5.9 6.8
West Virginia 0.4 0.6 0.9 1.0 1.2
Wisconsin
1.0 1.9 3.0 3.3 4.0
Wyoming
3.6 4.1 5.5 5.8 6.5
Source:
35
Table 23
Non-Hispanic Share of Buying Power, for U.S. and the States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
(percent)
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
United States 95.0 93.3 91.0 90.4 89.4

Alabama
99.5 98.8 97.9 97.5 96.7
Alaska
97.9 97.3 96.3 95.9 95.4
Arizona
90.2 87.6 84.0 83.3 82.5
Arkansas
99.5 98.2 96.6 96.1 95.0
California
87.7 85.2 81.2 80.4 79.4
Colorado
93.0 91.1 89.8 89.5 88.8
Connecticut
96.9 95.8 93.7 93.1 92.1
Delaware
98.5 97.4 95.7 95.3 94.3
96.5
95.3
93.7
93.3
93.3
Florida
91.3 88.3 84.4 83.5 81.8
Georgia
98.7 96.9 95.5 95.1 94.1
Hawaii
95.5 95.7 94.2 93.8 93.3
Idaho
97.2 96.0 94.1 93.6 92.8
Illinois
95.8 93.5 91.8 91.3 90.5
Indiana
98.8 97.8 96.8 96.4 95.7
Iowa
99.3 98.5 97.5 97.2 96.6
Kansas
97.8 96.2 94.6 94.2 93.3
Kentucky
99.5 99.0 98.3 98.1 97.5
Louisiana
97.9 97.9 96.6 96.2 95.3
Maine
99.6 99.5 99.3 99.2 99.1
Maryland
98.1 97.3 95.4 94.9 93.5
Massachusetts 97.8 96.9 95.6 95.3 94.6
Michigan
98.6 98.0 97.5 97.3 97.0
Minnesota
99.3 98.5 97.8 97.6 97.1
Mississippi
99.5 98.9 98.1 97.8 97.2
Missouri
99.1 98.6 97.8 97.6 97.1
Montana
99.2 98.8 98.3 98.2 97.9
Nebraska
98.7 97.0 95.6 95.2 94.2
Nevada
93.8 89.3 85.3 84.4 82.9
New Hampshire 99.3 99.0 98.5 98.3 97.9
New Jersey
94.6 92.9 90.5 89.8 88.7
New Mexico
75.6 73.0 68.4 67.7 66.7
New York
93.5 92.0 90.3 89.9 89.3
North Carolina 99.2 97.5 96.0 95.6 94.6
North Dakota 99.6 99.2 98.9 98.7 98.5
Ohio
99.1 98.8 98.2 98.0 97.6
Oklahoma
98.4 97.1 95.3 94.8 93.7
Oregon
98.0 96.2 94.3 93.8 92.9
Pennsylvania 99.0 98.3 97.1 96.7 96.0
Rhode Island 97.7 96.3 94.4 93.8 92.9
South Carolina 99.2 98.5 97.2 96.8 95.8
South Dakota 99.6 99.2 98.6 98.4 97.9
Tennessee
99.5 98.7 97.5 97.2 96.3
Texas
87.6 83.5 79.2 78.4 77.3
Utah
96.7 94.6 92.8 92.3 91.3
Vermont
99.5 99.3 98.9 98.8 98.5
Virginia
98.0 97.0 95.0 94.4 93.2
Washington
97.6 96.4 94.6 94.1 93.2
West Virginia
99.6 99.4 99.1 99.0 98.8
Wisconsin
99.0 98.1 97.0 96.7 96.0
Wyoming
96.4 95.9 94.5 94.2 93.5
Source:
36
Table 24
Percentage Change in Total, Hispanic, and Non-Hispanic Buying Power
for U.S. and the States, 1990-2000
Area
Total
Hispanic
Non-Hispanic

United States
72.7
133.7
69.6

Alabama
68.4 295.8 67.3
Alaska
54.2 100.0 53.2
Arizona
115.4 173.1 109.2
Arkansas
76.1 496.8 73.8
California
68.6 103.3 63.8
Colorado
122.1 181.5 117.6
Connecticut
53.7 110.2 51.9
Delaware
70.0 196.6 68.1
41.1
89.7
39.3
Florida
79.7 141.2 73.8
Georgia
101.6 373.1 98.0
Hawaii
46.8 40.4 47.1
Idaho
99.7 181.8 97.3
Illinois
66.5 155.1 62.6
Indiana
71.5 208.5 69.8
Iowa
65.8 251.3 64.4
Kansas
69.3 186.8 66.7
Kentucky
75.8 274.9 74.9
Louisiana
63.0 69.4 62.8
Maine
58.2 108.9 58.0
Maryland
66.5 133.9 65.2
Massachusetts
66.4 136.8 64.8
Michigan
65.2 136.5 64.1
Minnesota
82.3 311.6 80.8
Mississippi
80.3 290.3 79.3
Missouri
71.7 159.9 70.9
Montana
71.3 165.0 70.6
Nebraska
69.8 278.8 67.0
Nevada
153.1 333.4 141.1
New Hampshire
81.2
150.2
80.7
New Jersey
65.9
115.8
63.1
New Mexico
81.6
101.6
75.1
New York
48.1
82.4
45.8
North Carolina
94.2
493.6
90.8
North Dakota
61.7
273.3
60.9
Ohio
58.5 123.2 57.9
Oklahoma
68.2 200.8 66.0
Oregon
87.3 250.2 84.0
Pennsylvania
57.0 155.7 56.0
Rhode Island
51.6
148.3
49.4
South Carolina
81.4
264.4
80.0
South Dakota
75.8
246.8
75.1
Tennessee
86.5 368.0 85.0
Texas
99.9 165.2 90.6
Utah
111.8 249.4 107.2
Vermont
70.6 125.8 70.3
Virginia
72.6 167.7 70.7
Washington
93.1 195.1 90.7
West Virginia
54.7
119.1
54.5
Wisconsin
74.9 235.3 73.2
Wyoming
71.8 95.8 70.9
Source:
37
Table 25

Area
Total
Hispanic
Non-Hispanic

United States
51.8
104.5
48.0

Alabama
56.5 192.1 54.9
Alaska
68.7 132.6 66.9
Arizona
68.8 117.8 61.8
Arkansas
62.5 203.8 59.9
California
47.8 87.6 40.8
Colorado
53.4 76.4 51.2
Connecticut
47.9 122.7 44.6
Delaware
53.2 152.6 50.5
100.9
170.2
97.5
Florida
63.6 118.3 56.4
Georgia
50.9 120.0 48.7
Hawaii
65.9 122.8 63.3
Idaho
63.3 143.8 60.0
Illinois
40.3 77.4 37.7
Indiana
37.7 102.5 36.2
Iowa
49.5 140.5 48.1
Kansas
49.4 112.9 47.0
Kentucky
46.6 154.5 45.5
Louisiana
65.7 163.2 63.6
Maine
49.9 88.8 49.6
Maryland
60.6 174.4 57.5
Massachusetts
49.8 113.6 47.7
Michigan
22.9 53.2 22.3
Minnesota
47.4 116.2 46.4
Mississippi
53.4 167.0 52.1
Missouri
46.2 128.2 45.1
Montana
66.2 127.4 65.5
Nebraska
53.6 127.6 51.3
Nevada
63.7 125.7 56.3
New Hampshire
45.9
125.0
45.1
New Jersey
44.3
94.5
40.5
New Mexico
71.6
100.3
61.0
New York
51.7
83.8
48.9
North Carolina
53.7
143.3
51.4
North Dakota
76.9
136.1
76.4
Ohio
33.6 99.3 32.8
Oklahoma
64.0 165.7 61.0
Oregon
47.3 120.9 44.4
Pennsylvania
44.9 149.5 43.1
Rhode Island
50.8
129.1
47.8
South Carolina
54.5
186.2
52.5
South Dakota
67.2
179.5
66.3
Tennessee
52.7 182.8 51.0
Texas
69.1 113.5 60.3
Utah
69.7 128.6 66.3
Vermont
52.6 142.2 51.9
Virginia
66.1 174.7 62.7
Washington
58.1 137.1 55.1
West Virginia
51.3
134.0
50.9
Wisconsin
45.1 124.2 43.6
Wyoming
86.8 149.1 84.2
Source:
38
Table 26
Area

Total
Hispanic
Non-Hispanic
United States
11.7
18.4
11.1

Alabama
9.6 25.8 9.2
Alaska
13.1 24.5 12.7
Arizona
12.7 17.2 11.9
Arkansas
12.1 27.7 11.6
California
11.9 16.4 10.9
Colorado
12.9 16.3 12.5
Connecticut
7.8 17.2 7.2
Delaware
10.6 22.2 10.1
14.6
21.3
14.2
Florida
11.3 17.4 10.2
Georgia
12.0 22.1 11.5
Hawaii
14.2 22.2 13.7
Idaho
12.6 21.1 12.1
Illinois
7.1 13.0 6.6
Indiana
11.6 22.0 11.2
Iowa
16.2 29.4 15.9
Kansas
12.9 21.8 12.4
Kentucky
11.9 26.4 11.6
Louisiana
11.2 24.0 10.7
Maine
11.0 23.2 10.9
Maryland
11.6 24.9 11.0
Massachusetts
10.2 19.2 9.8
Michigan
9.9 16.5 9.7
Minnesota
12.5 22.5 12.2
Mississippi
11.1 26.7 10.8
Missouri
10.2 21.9 10.0
Montana
13.9 26.0 13.7
Nebraska
14.2 25.2 13.7
Nevada
9.9 16.4 8.8
New Hampshire
9.6
22.4
9.4
New Jersey
9.2
16.5
8.5
New Mexico
11.9
14.7
10.7
New York
9.6
14.2
9.1
North Carolina
12.7
23.9
12.3
North Dakota
33.2
56.2
32.9
Ohio
11.3 22.1 11.1
Oklahoma
15.6 28.5 14.9
Oregon
12.5 21.7 12.0
Pennsylvania
10.8 24.5 10.4
Rhode Island
9.2
19.3
8.6
South Carolina
12.2
26.8
11.7
South Dakota
17.8
36.7
17.5
Tennessee
12.2 27.5 11.8
Texas
16.5 20.9 15.3
Utah
15.2 22.3 14.6
Vermont
11.3 25.5 11.1
Virginia
12.2 24.3 11.5
Washington
14.1 23.9 13.5
West Virginia
11.2
27.4
11.0
Wisconsin
9.7 20.5 9.4
Wyoming
14.3 21.3 13.8
Source:
39
Table 27
Area
Total
Hispanic

Non-Hispanic
United States
22.4
35.2
21.0

Alabama
22.5 66.2 21.4
Alaska
26.7 41.5 26.1
Arizona
27.0 33.1 25.7
Arkansas
25.5 60.9 24.0
California
20.0 26.6 18.4
Colorado
22.1 30.1 21.2
Connecticut
18.6 35.4 17.4
Delaware
20.5 46.5 19.2
34.2
34.1
34.2
Florida
24.7 37.9 22.1
Georgia
21.5 45.9 20.3
Hawaii
29.0 39.4 28.3
Idaho
25.0 41.2 23.9
Illinois
16.5 27.5 15.4
Indiana
18.0 43.7 17.1
Iowa
24.1 53.6 23.3
Kansas
22.5 42.4 21.3
Kentucky
21.4 58.7 20.7
Louisiana
25.5 55.2 24.3
Maine
19.5 47.1 19.3
Maryland
23.7 56.8 21.9
Massachusetts
19.5 36.4 18.7
Michigan
11.3 24.8 10.9
Minnesota
21.0 45.0 20.5
Mississippi
22.4 58.1 21.6
Missouri
19.6 44.6 19.0
Montana
26.7 44.9 26.3
Nebraska
23.9 49.7 22.6
Nevada
24.4 36.6 22.1
New Hampshire
18.4
43.4
18.0
New Jersey
18.5
31.4
17.0
New Mexico
26.7
30.5
24.8
New York
22.6
30.0
21.7
North Carolina
24.3
52.9
23.0
North Dakota
43.2
73.3
42.8
Ohio
16.3 39.1 15.9
Oklahoma
28.2 56.8 26.7
Oregon
20.4 38.2 19.3
Pennsylvania
20.1 48.6 19.1
Rhode Island
18.3
36.0
17.1
South Carolina
23.9
63.3
22.6
South Dakota
31.0
66.1
30.4
Tennessee
22.7 61.2 21.6
Texas
31.4 37.9 29.5
Utah
28.9 45.9 27.5
Vermont
21.8 46.4 21.5
Virginia
25.6 51.9 24.1
Washington
25.7 45.5 24.4
West Virginia
20.7
49.6
20.4
Wisconsin
18.3 42.4 17.5
Wyoming
32.7 48.9 31.7
Source:
40
Table 28
Total Population Statistics for the U.S. and States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
Area

1990 2000 2010 2013 2018
United States
249,622,814 282,162,411 309,330,219 316,903,303 331,204,447

Alabama
4,050,055 4,452,173 4,785,401 4,865,450 5,029,774
Alaska
553,290 627,963 714,146 738,767 782,000
Arizona
3,684,097 5,160,586 6,413,158 6,737,442 7,434,533
Arkansas
2,356,586 2,678,588 2,921,588 2,984,314 3,106,325
California
29,959,515 33,987,977 37,338,198 38,299,238 39,911,302
Colorado
3,307,618 4,326,921 5,047,692 5,257,580 5,631,204
Connecticut
3,291,967 3,411,777 3,575,498 3,612,868 3,701,387
Delaware
669,567 786,373 899,792 929,886 991,679
605,321
572,046
604,912
626,810
652,904
Florida
13,033,307 16,047,515 18,838,613 19,615,338 21,104,520
Georgia
6,512,602 8,227,303 9,712,157 10,115,166 10,926,597
Hawaii
1,113,491 1,213,519 1,363,359 1,400,758 1,468,631
Idaho
1,012,384 1,299,430 1,571,102 1,639,617 1,785,988
Illinois
11,453,316 12,434,161 12,841,980 12,944,629 13,149,864
Indiana
5,557,798 6,091,866 6,490,622 6,593,882 6,798,862
Iowa
2,781,018 2,929,067 3,050,202 3,086,380 3,152,010
Kansas
2,481,349 2,693,681 2,859,143 2,902,285 2,984,700
Kentucky
3,694,048 4,049,021 4,347,223 4,426,605 4,577,335
Louisiana
4,221,532 4,471,885 4,545,343 4,588,548 4,626,021
Maine
1,231,719 1,277,072 1,327,379 1,338,505 1,367,317
Maryland
4,799,770 5,311,034 5,785,681 5,920,995 6,172,759
Massachusetts
6,022,639 6,361,104 6,555,466 6,626,901 6,739,202
Michigan
9,311,319 9,952,450 9,877,143 9,863,984 9,840,989
Minnesota
4,389,857 4,933,692 5,310,658 5,420,212 5,626,294
Mississippi
2,578,897 2,848,353 2,970,072 3,001,101 3,060,190
Missouri
5,128,880 5,607,285 5,995,715 6,084,116 6,276,882
Montana
800,204 903,773 990,958 1,014,357 1,056,576
Nebraska
1,581,660 1,713,820 1,830,141 1,864,626 1,923,083
Nevada
1,220,695 2,018,741 2,704,283 2,870,312 3,284,399
New Hampshire 1,112,384 1,239,882 1,316,807 1,333,356 1,374,130
New Jersey
7,762,963 8,430,621 8,799,593 8,892,070 9,090,563
New Mexico
1,521,574 1,821,204 2,065,913 2,127,094 2,245,202
New York
18,020,784 19,001,780 19,395,206 19,535,776 19,740,617
North Carolina
6,664,016
8,081,614
9,560,234
9,951,831
10,748,104
North Dakota
637,685 642,023 674,629 690,170 707,402
Ohio
10,864,162 11,363,543 11,537,968 11,579,945 11,679,474
Oklahoma
3,148,825 3,454,365 3,760,184 3,843,540 3,979,980
Oregon
2,860,375 3,429,708 3,838,332 3,949,056 4,152,581
Pennsylvania
11,903,299 12,284,173 12,717,722 12,829,625 13,072,062
Rhode Island
1,005,995 1,050,268 1,052,528 1,052,259 1,056,581
South Carolina
3,501,155 4,024,223 4,637,106 4,800,526 5,123,280
South Dakota
697,101 755,844 816,598 835,405 866,141
Tennessee
4,894,492 5,703,719 6,357,436 6,529,671 6,862,279
Texas
17,056,755 20,944,499 25,253,466 26,541,284 28,865,932
Utah
1,731,223 2,244,502 2,775,479 2,926,203 3,220,576
Vermont
564,798 609,618 625,909 629,822 639,275
Virginia
6,216,884 7,105,817 8,023,953 8,276,957 8,762,943
Washington
4,903,043 5,910,512 6,742,950 6,990,554 7,419,701
West Virginia
1,792,548 1,807,021 1,854,368 1,864,432 1,888,557
Wisconsin
4,904,562 5,373,999 5,691,659 5,771,417 5,928,713
Wyoming
453,690 494,300 564,554 581,641 617,027
Source:
41
Table 29
White Population Statistics for the U.S. and States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
209,366,661 228,530,479 242,256,518 246,154,763 253,138,144

Alabama
2,987,764 3,196,875 3,363,900 3,399,143 3,477,962
Alaska
423,276 446,506 486,043 497,924 517,310
Arizona
3,293,186 4,542,461 5,435,296 5,661,226 6,137,778
Arkansas
1,956,611 2,186,443 2,345,859 2,384,218 2,460,960
California
24,354,238 26,421,365 27,681,921 28,118,092 28,714,179
Colorado
3,077,815 3,924,356 4,464,169 4,622,348 4,898,536
Connecticut
2,949,149 2,936,355 2,950,534 2,949,296 2,955,697
Delaware
543,973 602,544 646,794 659,016 680,379
191,834
197,141
252,393
274,248
306,540
Florida
11,042,189 13,084,373 14,833,745 15,300,988 16,190,448
Georgia
4,659,378 5,556,989 6,156,430 6,313,767 6,611,790
Hawaii
377,435 311,643 347,819 365,010 383,512
Idaho
985,151 1,244,029 1,478,956 1,535,557 1,659,974
Illinois
9,422,280 9,926,774 10,033,202 10,061,582 10,109,986
Indiana
5,072,268 5,435,770 5,641,646 5,693,810 5,789,878
Iowa
2,700,752 2,793,299 2,841,794 2,856,538 2,878,751
Kansas
2,282,199 2,417,833 2,504,595 2,526,237 2,566,643
Kentucky
3,407,136 3,672,766 3,869,984 3,919,030 4,012,392
Louisiana
2,859,186 2,894,096 2,907,353 2,920,583 2,926,595
Maine
1,214,008 1,242,070 1,268,631 1,272,585 1,284,761
Maryland
3,439,866 3,498,455 3,545,813 3,570,014 3,591,682
Massachusetts
5,533,629 5,610,140 5,528,476 5,524,226 5,487,897
Michigan
7,844,171 8,143,698 7,937,896 7,888,669 7,798,338
Minnesota
4,163,468 4,484,113 4,627,393 4,671,926 4,738,532
Mississippi
1,640,316 1,762,713 1,789,777 1,792,835 1,805,171
Missouri
4,516,213 4,811,076 5,041,491 5,091,122 5,199,460
Montana
746,412 825,459 892,544 909,634 942,200
Nebraska
1,499,293 1,587,253 1,651,960 1,672,687 1,703,041
Nevada
1,077,497 1,697,938 2,108,387 2,200,128 2,425,528
New Hampshire 1,093,515 1,199,618 1,248,327 1,256,352 1,279,062
New Jersey
6,386,168 6,593,966 6,547,895 6,531,416 6,510,842
New Mexico
1,336,983 1,555,012 1,726,673 1,768,643 1,854,023
New York
14,159,914 14,162,802 13,902,374 13,863,986 13,748,691
North Carolina
5,058,613 6,019,940 6,912,155 7,142,030 7,600,635
North Dakota
605,655 596,394 610,733 620,600 627,271
Ohio
9,588,185 9,752,216 9,660,815 9,637,539 9,596,788
Oklahoma
2,619,987 2,721,397 2,855,286 2,897,969 2,961,297
Oregon
2,700,987 3,132,686 3,407,174 3,481,059 3,615,206
Pennsylvania
10,636,478 10,670,718 10,671,010 10,673,093 10,673,224
Rhode Island
939,017 943,392 909,810 901,247 886,669
South Carolina
2,423,347 2,745,477 3,170,284 3,282,714 3,502,429
South Dakota
640,530 674,595 708,528 719,967 736,048
Tennessee
4,069,981 4,635,849 5,062,867 5,171,648 5,380,923
Texas
14,596,281 17,525,167 20,474,158 21,359,490 22,909,161
Utah
1,659,462 2,109,989 2,556,491 2,680,124 2,922,164
Vermont
558,134 592,031 598,524 599,309 602,258
Virginia
4,864,381 5,291,975 5,737,041 5,857,399 6,074,252
Washington
4,441,089 5,089,730 5,546,062 5,685,561 5,909,640
West Virginia
1,727,452 1,721,633 1,747,120 1,749,798 1,761,408
Wisconsin
4,561,903 4,871,484 5,038,578 5,079,281 5,156,967
Wyoming
437,906 469,875 529,812 543,101 573,268
Source:
42
Table 30
Black Population Statistics for the U.S. and States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
30,648,345
35,814,706
40,353,468
41,665,907
44,111,217

Alabama
1,024,198 1,161,454 1,262,803 1,290,568 1,338,985
Alaska
22,665 22,843 24,539 26,214 27,054
Arizona
115,796 170,022 281,702 317,212 396,391
Arkansas
375,370 421,693 455,458 463,986 479,989
California
2,322,371 2,384,908 2,489,825 2,523,846 2,572,123
Colorado
136,626 174,461 216,389 230,069 252,969
Connecticut
283,440 335,609 392,736 407,181 436,368
Delaware
114,248 154,406 196,802 207,390 230,790
400,254
349,214
312,157
306,989
292,214
Florida
1,794,796 2,439,447 3,084,430 3,274,467 3,631,049
Georgia
1,763,068 2,384,774 3,003,001 3,170,895 3,509,862
Hawaii
27,844 22,938 22,342 27,316 27,002
Idaho
3,330 5,929 10,978 13,539 17,772
Illinois
1,711,998 1,904,071 1,906,312 1,906,125 1,907,111
Indiana
435,339 518,311 605,242 627,503 671,850
Iowa
48,262 63,677 92,018 100,337 118,023
Kansas
144,681 157,776 174,068 179,301 187,229
Kentucky
264,471 299,914 343,693 358,176 380,324
Louisiana
1,302,816 1,459,999 1,468,824 1,483,577 1,487,516
Maine
5,111 7,231 16,265 19,394 27,753
Maryland
1,203,347 1,504,746 1,736,185 1,793,784 1,910,433
Massachusetts
328,341 408,355 505,919 531,839 584,482
Michigan
1,302,647 1,429,866 1,416,832 1,414,797 1,409,108
Minnesota
96,863 181,181 281,488 309,448 375,838
Mississippi
918,137 1,037,743 1,104,879 1,124,196 1,155,648
Missouri
551,614 637,132 701,817 716,044 747,184
Montana
2,200 2,797 4,237 5,812 6,980
Nebraska
57,861 70,299 86,280 90,326 98,856
Nevada
81,467 141,698 231,485 255,128 316,826
New Hampshire
7,350
9,980
16,397
18,837
23,451
New Jersey
1,080,360
1,214,799
1,283,966
1,301,923
1,334,045
New Mexico
31,537
38,255
49,177
54,191
60,532
New York
3,075,556
3,352,839
3,384,498
3,406,387
3,420,503
North Carolina
1,471,373
1,761,665
2,095,614
2,187,104
2,360,883
North Dakota
3,366
4,167
8,319
10,279
13,951
Ohio
1,163,105 1,321,574 1,429,304 1,452,850 1,503,842
Oklahoma
236,142 264,137 285,317 294,073 304,229
Oregon
47,386 58,647 74,613 79,682 88,600
Pennsylvania
1,110,238 1,261,602 1,435,785 1,476,922 1,563,473
Rhode Island
43,674
60,320
75,203
78,554
86,570
South Carolina
1,046,915
1,194,520
1,307,306
1,336,137
1,390,276
South Dakota
3,090
4,985
10,578
13,162
18,354
Tennessee
782,830
941,527 1,071,133 1,107,785 1,172,517
Texas
2,055,356 2,461,903 3,081,413 3,265,371 3,604,796
Utah
12,085 19,465 34,058 39,383 50,415
Vermont
1,890 3,251 6,463 7,696 10,426
Virginia
1,174,876 1,416,671 1,585,142 1,631,825 1,714,588
Washington
154,374 199,718 253,575 273,356 303,681
West Virginia
56,068
57,767
64,114
67,045
70,193
Wisconsin
248,027 310,480 367,623 381,569 411,044
Wyoming
3,586 3,940 5,164 6,318 7,118
Source:
43
Table 31
American Indian Population Statistics for the U.S. and States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
2,058,726
2,684,491
3,754,693
3,930,784
4,240,553

Alabama
16,224 23,262 32,995 34,300 36,940
Alaska
87,214 98,931 106,948 108,201 109,991
Arizona
215,940 268,184 336,358 346,146 363,122
Arkansas
12,356 18,311 26,245 28,437 30,694
California
290,666 407,152 625,072 660,507 723,537
Colorado
31,030 50,135 78,711 83,827 92,270
Connecticut
6,996 10,891 16,781 17,733 19,441
Delaware
2,064 3,071 5,947 6,416 7,391
1,547
1,974
3,271
3,550
3,953
Florida
37,187 59,690 89,479 96,597 105,274
Georgia
12,817 24,509 48,842 53,163 61,626
Hawaii
5,407 3,684 4,955 5,983 6,371
Idaho
14,568 18,599 25,898 27,217 29,196
Illinois
23,384 37,313 74,149 79,683 92,310
Indiana
12,202 16,850 24,577 25,754 27,903
Iowa
6,921 9,540 13,621 14,474 15,610
Kansas
22,457 26,173 33,198 34,471 36,249
Kentucky
4,907 9,008 12,128 12,873 13,710
Louisiana
18,276 26,224 33,161 34,308 36,054
Maine
5,950 7,226 8,768 9,015 9,391
Maryland
13,149 17,161 31,028 33,087 37,549
Massachusetts
12,952 17,822 30,091 31,854 35,617
Michigan
57,434 60,595 68,528 69,588 71,416
Minnesota
50,315 56,350 67,536 69,466 72,173
Mississippi
7,898 11,964 16,887 17,748 19,094
Missouri
19,470 25,897 30,715 31,727 32,890
Montana
47,757 56,528 63,600 64,710 66,337
Nebraska
12,211 15,767 23,500 24,687 26,871
Nevada
21,280 28,597 43,048 45,724 49,876
New Hampshire
2,082
3,088
3,534
3,710
3,817
New Jersey
15,899
24,509
50,137
54,279
63,280
New Mexico
138,011
178,825
209,232
213,307
220,492
New York
66,723
103,311
183,816
194,515
219,980
North Carolina
80,627
103,736
148,142
154,111
166,214
North Dakota
25,507
31,455
37,091
38,057
39,404
Ohio
20,327 25,652 29,785 30,653 31,634
Oklahoma
258,246 276,836 336,611 343,699 358,187
Oregon
40,743 47,926 67,061 70,434 75,634
Pennsylvania
14,940 20,164 39,937 42,858 49,614
Rhode Island
4,207
5,994
9,196
9,565
10,476
South Carolina
8,182
14,589
24,776
26,112
29,234
South Dakota
50,595
62,763
73,062
74,231
76,648
Tennessee
9,587 16,125 26,345 27,964 31,047
Texas
71,086 140,047 252,981 276,955 314,245
Utah
25,315 31,370 40,976 43,126 45,635
Vermont
1,588 2,490 2,322 2,357 2,323
Virginia
14,835 23,233 41,745 44,780 50,750
Washington
87,942 97,315 123,150 127,392 133,894
West Virginia
1,944
3,672
3,985
4,114
4,186
Wisconsin
40,255 48,554 60,270 62,244 65,153
Wyoming
9,506 11,429 14,502 15,075 15,853
Source:
44
Table 32
Asian Population Statistics for the U.S. and States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
7,549,082 11,173,178 15,922,304 17,190,730 19,760,118

Alabama
21,869 34,152 60,878 68,075 84,684
Alaska
20,135 29,497 46,944 51,702 61,606
Arizona
59,175 108,016 205,729 233,143 297,431
Arkansas
12,249 23,086 44,462 51,210 65,608
California
2,992,240 3,994,168 5,242,504 5,550,403 6,148,463
Colorado
62,147 105,800 154,588 168,122 193,943
Connecticut
52,382 89,128 144,568 159,201 191,068
Delaware
9,282 17,257 30,187 33,927 41,903
11,686
16,317
22,616
25,082
28,363
Florida
159,135 293,663 496,014 556,032 677,675
Georgia
77,339 186,698 336,073 378,159 472,178
Hawaii
702,805 629,428 672,795 674,972 692,064
Idaho
9,335 14,030 23,002 25,759 31,041
Illinois
295,654 447,626 615,751 657,319 741,167
Indiana
37,989 64,124 110,568 123,572 151,791
Iowa
25,083 39,178 57,369 62,894 72,614
Kansas
32,012 50,459 73,236 79,105 91,024
Kentucky
17,534 32,496 53,869 59,937 72,531
Louisiana
41,254 58,019 75,268 80,469 88,747
Maine
6,650 9,841 14,209 15,506 17,807
Maryland
143,408 221,533 333,876 365,144 426,195
Massachusetts 147,717 253,669 367,349 399,055 458,790
Michigan
107,067 186,058 248,932 266,257 297,088
Minnesota
79,211 149,713 221,905 242,471 281,231
Mississippi
12,546 19,999 28,434 31,271 35,703
Missouri
41,583 67,319 108,254 118,632 141,914
Montana
3,835 5,371 7,259 8,006 8,967
Nebraska
12,295 23,828 35,719 39,253 45,723
Nevada
40,451 104,907 223,710 255,890 340,829
New Hampshire 9,437 16,967 29,619 33,050 40,789
New Jersey
280,536 505,611 756,982 822,826 957,994
New Mexico
15,043 23,453 34,565 37,850 43,806
New York
718,591 1,132,653 1,511,815 1,610,841 1,795,755
North Carolina
53,403 124,685 227,697 258,815 324,937
North Dakota
3,157 3,985 7,460 8,524 10,803
Ohio
92,545 140,369 203,033 219,367 252,091
Oklahoma
34,450 51,250 73,524 79,697 91,302
Oregon
71,259 113,888 161,058 174,231 198,521
Pennsylvania
141,643 232,527 367,543 402,879 478,807
Rhode Island
19,097 26,757 33,475 35,206 38,301
South Carolina 22,711 39,475 65,661 73,789 89,410
South Dakota
2,886 4,779 8,382 9,688 11,978
Tennessee
32,094 61,548 100,040 110,946 133,259
Texas
334,032 615,076 1,038,564 1,160,780 1,414,548
Utah
34,361 55,409 84,951 93,836 110,239
Vermont
3,186 5,611 8,351 9,207 10,695
Virginia
162,792 276,219 460,819 513,085 622,403
Washington
219,638 360,114 538,502 588,013 684,297
West Virginia
7,084 10,156 13,357 14,578 16,161
Wisconsin
54,377 94,007 135,617 147,036 168,802
Wyoming
2,692 3,259 5,221 5,922 7,075
Source:
45
Table 33
Multiracial Population Statistics for the U.S. and States,
2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018

Area
2000
2010 2013 2018
United States
3,959,557
7,043,236
7,961,120
9,954,414

Alabama
36,430 64,825 73,364 91,203
Alaska
30,186 49,672 54,725 66,039
Arizona
71,903 154,073 179,715 239,811
Arkansas
29,055 49,564 56,462 69,074
California
780,384 1,298,876 1,446,391 1,753,000
Colorado
72,169 133,835 153,215 193,487
Connecticut
39,794 70,879 79,457 98,813
Delaware
9,095 20,062 23,137 31,217
7,400
14,475
16,942
21,834
Florida
170,342 334,945 387,253 500,074
Georgia
74,333 167,811 199,183 271,142
Hawaii
245,826 315,448 327,477 359,682
Idaho
16,843 32,268 37,545 48,005
Illinois
118,377 212,566 239,920 299,290
Indiana
56,811 108,589 123,243 157,440
Iowa
23,373 45,400 52,137 67,013
Kansas
41,440
74,046 83,170 103,556
Kentucky
34,837 67,549 76,589 98,376
Louisiana
33,547 60,737 69,611 87,109
Maine
10,704 19,506 22,005 27,604
Maryland
69,139 138,779 158,967 206,900
Massachusetts 71,118 123,631 139,928 172,416
Michigan
132,233 204,955 224,673 265,038
Minnesota
62,335 112,336 126,901 158,520
Mississippi
15,934 30,095 35,052 44,575
Missouri
65,861 113,438 126,591 155,434
Montana
13,618 23,318 26,195 32,092
Nebraska
16,673 32,682 37,673 48,591
Nevada
45,601
97,653 113,442 151,340
New Hampshire
10,229
18,930
21,407
27,012
New Jersey
91,736
160,613
181,626
224,401
New Mexico
25,659
46,266
53,104
66,349
New York
250,175
412,703
460,048
555,688
North Carolina
71,588
176,626
209,772
295,436
North Dakota
6,022
11,026
12,710
15,973
Ohio
123,732 215,031 239,538 295,119
Oklahoma
140,745 209,446 228,102 264,965
Oregon
76,561 128,426 143,652 174,619
Pennsylvania
99,162 203,447 233,873 306,944
Rhode Island
13,805
24,844
27,686
34,566
South Carolina
30,162
69,079
81,774
111,931
South Dakota
8,722
16,048
18,357
23,113
Tennessee
48,670
97,051 111,328 144,533
Texas
202,306 406,350 478,688 623,183
Utah
28,269 59,003 69,734 92,123
Vermont
6,235 10,249 11,253 13,574
Virginia
97,719 199,206 229,868 300,951
Washington
163,635 281,661 316,232 388,190
West Virginia
13,793
25,792
28,898
36,609
Wisconsin
49,474
89,571 101,287 126,746
Wyoming
5,797
9,855 11,224 13,713
Source:
46
Table 34
Hispanic Population Statistics for the U.S. and States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
22,572,838 35,661,885 50,790,485 55,010,588 63,342,454

Alabama
24,107 77,016 186,703 221,728 310,175
Alaska
17,228 25,963 39,594 44,880 52,619
Arizona
697,660 1,309,389 1,907,866 2,063,070 2,377,416
Arkansas
19,208 87,804 187,306 218,786 291,448
California
7,779,607 11,054,553 14,083,086 14,892,252 16,312,216
Colorado
429,571 745,292 1,046,656 1,126,752 1,280,460
Connecticut
214,806 323,852 481,607 524,761 609,410
Delaware
16,031 37,834 73,672 84,228 108,364
32,878
45,266
55,266
60,534
65,251
Florida
1,597,237 2,717,081 4,251,095 4,659,745 5,516,535
Georgia
109,286 441,576 859,549 986,545 1,269,066
Hawaii
81,378 87,989 121,504 132,714 149,861
Idaho
52,914 103,038 177,143 197,605 242,459
Illinois
911,704 1,544,165 2,038,087 2,168,412 2,407,112
Indiana
98,601 217,326 392,238 441,478 551,793
Iowa
31,923 83,414 152,578 173,112 217,474
Kansas
93,332 190,633 302,200 332,221 395,268
Kentucky
21,180 60,730 133,649 156,146 210,495
Louisiana
92,013 108,997 194,385 220,703 274,601
Maine
6,597 9,421 17,019 19,637 24,552
Maryland
126,350 231,155 473,760 547,007 717,628
Massachusetts 289,315 433,611 631,691 688,578 793,444
Michigan
202,246 327,050 438,914 468,201 523,022
Minnesota
53,704 145,301 251,815 281,750 346,759
Mississippi
14,801 40,032 82,010 95,447 125,197
Missouri
60,949 119,859 213,790 241,359 300,319
Montana
11,520 18,191 28,771 32,686 38,855
Nebraska
36,465 95,505 168,574 190,156 235,667
Nevada
127,751 400,260 719,737 805,564 1,005,440
New Hampshire 11,286 20,697 36,912 42,082 52,359
New Jersey
754,012 1,128,903 1,563,908 1,681,227 1,900,748
New Mexico
584,566 769,988 959,411 1,005,779 1,092,499
New York
2,230,090 2,894,316 3,436,617 3,586,543 3,825,651
North Carolina
77,118
385,209
805,794
930,790
1,230,679
North Dakota
4,174 7,834 13,613 16,651 20,514
Ohio
139,402 219,498 356,816 395,045 474,518
Oklahoma
85,463 181,095 334,416 381,386 480,857
Oregon
114,212 278,259 452,737 501,593 602,703
Pennsylvania
233,727 398,374 724,736 821,453 1,029,824
Rhode Island
46,250 91,654 131,268 142,206 162,810
South Carolina
30,367 96,470 237,190 281,572 396,028
South Dakota
4,617 10,995 22,297 26,732 34,929
Tennessee
32,411 125,572 291,907 344,459 474,184
Texas
4,380,366 6,739,868 9,532,865 10,316,586 11,755,573
Utah
85,534 204,356 361,583 406,483 504,233
Vermont
3,512 5,556 9,288 10,555 12,813
Virginia
160,703 334,268 636,559 728,316 929,093
Washington
217,833 446,953 761,069 855,092 1,045,371
West Virginia
7,775 12,347 22,419 26,154 32,765
Wisconsin
93,534 195,371 338,216 378,362 465,469
Wyoming
25,524 31,999 50,599 55,464 65,927
Source:
47
Table 35
Non-Hispanic Population Statistics for the U.S. and States,
1990, 2000, 2010, 2013, and 2018
Area
1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States
227,049,976
246,500,526
258,539,734
261,892,715
267,861,993

Alabama
4,025,948 4,375,157 4,598,698 4,643,722 4,719,599
Alaska
536,062 602,000 674,552 693,887 729,381
Arizona
2,986,437 3,851,197 4,505,292 4,674,372 5,057,117
Arkansas
2,337,378 2,590,784 2,734,282 2,765,528 2,814,877
California
22,179,908 22,933,424 23,255,112 23,406,987 23,599,085
Colorado
2,878,047 3,581,629 4,001,036 4,130,828 4,350,744
Connecticut
3,077,161 3,087,925 3,093,891 3,088,107 3,091,977
Delaware
653,536 748,539 826,120 845,658 883,316
572,443
526,780
549,646
566,276
587,653
Florida
11,436,070 13,330,434 14,587,518 14,955,592 15,587,985
Georgia
6,403,316 7,785,727 8,852,608 9,128,621 9,657,531
Hawaii
1,032,113 1,125,530 1,241,855 1,268,044 1,318,770
Idaho
959,470 1,196,392 1,393,959 1,442,012 1,543,529
Illinois
10,541,612 10,889,996 10,803,893 10,776,217 10,742,752
Indiana
5,459,197 5,874,540 6,098,384 6,152,404 6,247,070
Iowa
2,749,095 2,845,653 2,897,624 2,913,267 2,934,536
Kansas
2,388,017 2,503,048 2,556,943 2,570,064 2,589,432
Kentucky
3,672,868 3,988,291 4,213,574 4,270,458 4,366,839
Louisiana
4,129,519 4,362,888 4,350,958 4,367,844 4,351,421
Maine
1,225,122 1,267,651 1,310,360 1,318,868 1,342,765
Maryland
4,673,420 5,079,879 5,311,921 5,373,988 5,455,131
Massachusetts
5,733,324 5,927,493 5,923,775 5,938,323 5,945,758
Michigan
9,109,073 9,625,400 9,438,229 9,395,783 9,317,967
Minnesota
4,336,153 4,788,391 5,058,843 5,138,462 5,279,534
Mississippi
2,564,096 2,808,321 2,888,062 2,905,654 2,934,992
Missouri
5,067,931 5,487,426 5,781,925 5,842,756 5,976,563
Montana
788,684 885,582 962,187 981,670 1,017,721
Nebraska
1,545,195 1,618,315 1,661,567 1,674,470 1,687,416
Nevada
1,092,944 1,618,481 1,984,546 2,064,748 2,278,960
New Hampshire
1,101,098
1,219,185
1,279,895
1,291,274
1,321,771
New Jersey
7,008,951
7,301,718
7,235,685
7,210,842
7,189,815
New Mexico
937,008
1,051,216
1,106,502
1,121,315
1,152,704
New York
15,790,694
16,107,464
15,958,589
15,949,233
15,914,966
North Carolina
6,586,898
7,696,405
8,754,440
9,021,041
9,517,425
North Dakota
633,511
634,189
661,016
673,518
686,888
Ohio
10,724,760 11,144,045 11,181,152 11,184,901 11,204,956
Oklahoma
3,063,362 3,273,270 3,425,768 3,462,154 3,499,123
Oregon
2,746,163 3,151,449 3,385,595 3,447,464 3,549,878
Pennsylvania
11,669,572 11,885,799 11,992,986 12,008,172 12,042,238
Rhode Island
959,745
958,614
921,260
910,052
893,771
South Carolina
3,470,788
3,927,753
4,399,916
4,518,955
4,727,252
South Dakota
692,484
744,849
794,301
808,672
831,212
Tennessee
4,862,081 5,578,147 6,065,529 6,185,213 6,388,094
Texas
12,676,389 14,204,631 15,720,601 16,224,698 17,110,359
Utah
1,645,689 2,040,146 2,413,896 2,519,720 2,716,343
Vermont
561,286 604,062 616,621 619,267 626,462
Virginia
6,056,181 6,771,549 7,387,394 7,548,641 7,833,850
Washington
4,685,210 5,463,559 5,981,881 6,135,461 6,374,330
West Virginia
1,784,773
1,794,674
1,831,949
1,838,278
1,855,793
Wisconsin
4,811,028 5,178,628 5,353,443 5,393,055 5,463,244
Wyoming
428,166 462,301 513,955 526,176 551,100
Source:
48
Table 36
The Nations Largest Consumer Markets in 2013
Total
Rank
Buying Power

1 California
1,555.0
2 Texas
1,038.0
3
New York
904.0
4 Florida
742.0
5 Illinois
521.0
6 Pennsylvania
513.0
7
New Jersey
430.0
8 Ohio
418.0
9 Virginia
354.0
10
Georgia
342.0

White
Black
American Indian
Rank
Buying Power
Buying Power
Buying Power

1
California
1,197.7 New York
101.0 California
18.4

2
Texas
876.3 Texas
91.7 Oklahoma
8.7

3
New York
720.5 California
76.7 Texas
8.2

4
Florida
634.5 Georgia
75.5 Arizona
5.7

5
Pennsylvania 454.7 Florida
75.3 New York
5.3

6
Illinois
439.6 Maryland
64.2 New Mexico
3.9

7
Ohio
370.8 North Carolina 50.3 Washington
3.3
8
New Jersey
340.5
Illinois
46.4
North Carolina
3.1

9
Michigan
292.0 Virginia
46.0 Florida
2.8

10
Massachusetts 286.4 New Jersey
40.5 Alaska
2.7

Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic
Rank
Buying Power
Buying Power
Buying Power

1
California
230.2 California
32.1 California
304.3
2
New York
66.0
New York
11.4
Texas
224.3

3
Texas
50.7 Texas
11.2 Florida
122.1

4
New Jersey
43.0 Hawaii
9.3 New York
90.9

5
Illinois
28.1 Florida
8.0 Illinois
45.1

6
Hawaii
27.4 Washington
6.6 New Jersey
43.7

7
Washington
24.2 Virginia
5.2 Arizona
37.6

8
Virginia
23.4 Oklahoma
4.8 New Mexico
22.9

9
Florida
21.6 Illinois
4.6 Colorado
22.7

10
Massachusetts 18.1 New Jersey
4.3 Virginia
19.8

Source:
49
Table 37
The Nations Fast-Growing Consumer Markets in 2010-2013
(percent)
Percentage Change
Percentage Change
Percentage Change

in
in
in
Rank
Total Buying Power
White Buying Power
Black Buying Power

1
North Dakota
33.2
North Dakota
32.8
North Dakota
56.7
2
South Dakota
17.8
South Dakota
17.4
Montana
45.3
3
Texas
16.5
17.2
South Dakota
40.1

4
Iowa
16.2 Hawaii
16.3 Hawaii
37.2

5
Oklahoma
15.6 Iowa
15.9 Wyoming
32.2

6
Utah
15.2 Texas
15.6 Idaho
31.5
7
14.6
Oklahoma
15.1
Vermont
30.0

8
Wyoming
14.3 Utah
14.9 Maine
25.4

9
Hawaii
14.2 Wyoming
13.9 Iowa
24.0

10
Nebraska
14.2 Nebraska
13.8 New Hampshire 23.5

Rank
Percentage Change
in
American Indian Buying Power
1
Hawaii
2
North Dakota

3
Texas

4
Iowa
5

6
Arkansas

7
Wyoming
8
South Dakota

9
Nebraska
10
California
Source:
50
Percentage Change
in
Asian Buying Power
35.6
North Dakota
33.6
South Dakota
21.4 Wyoming
20.0 Arkansas
19.1
Iowa
18.2 Texas
17.4 Oklahoma
17.4
North Carolina
17.3 Nebraska
16.8
Percentage Change
in
Hispanic Buying Power
42.8
North Dakota
33.6
South Dakota
27.8 Iowa
27.1 Oklahoma
25.5
Arkansas
25.2 Tennessee
24.5 West Virginia
24.4
South Carolina
23.4 Mississippi
23.3
Kentucky
56.2
36.7
29.4
28.5
27.7
27.5
27.4
26.8
26.7
26.4
Table 38
The Nations Most Concentrated Consumer Markets in 2013
(percent)
White
Black
American Indian

Share of
Share of
Share of
Rank
Total Buying Power
Total Buying Power
Total Buying Power

1
Maine
97.4
26.3
Alaska
8.2

2
Vermont
97.4 Mississippi
23.6 Oklahoma
6.1

3
Idaho
95.8 Maryland
23.1 New Mexico
5.5

4
Wyoming
95.8 Georgia
22.1 South Dakota
3.5

5
Iowa
95.7 Louisiana
19.8 Montana
3.3
6
New Hampshire
95.6
South Carolina
17.7
North Dakota
2.5

7
West Virginia
95.3 Alabama
17.4 Arizona
2.5

8
North Dakota
95.1 Delaware
15.1 Wyoming
1.6

9
Utah
94.7 North Carolina 14.8 California
1.2

10
Montana
94.5 Virginia
13.0 Nevada
1.1
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic

Share of
Share of
Share of
Rank
Total Buying Power
Total Buying Power
Total Buying Power

1
Hawaii
46.8 Hawaii
15.8 New Mexico
32.3

2
California
14.8 Alaska
3.6 Texas
21.6

3
New Jersey
10.0 Oklahoma
3.4 California
19.6

4
Nevada
8.7 Washington
2.2 Arizona
16.7

5
Washington
8.1 Nevada
2.1 Florida
16.5
6
New York
7.3
2.1
Nevada
15.6

7
Virginia
6.6 California
2.1 Colorado
10.5

8
Maryland
6.4 Oregon
1.9 New Jersey
10.2

9
Massachusetts
5.6 New Mexico
1.5 New York
10.1

10
Illinois
5.4 Virginia
1.5 Illinois
8.7
Source:
51
Table 39
States Ranked by the Dollar Value of Buying Power,
by Race and Hispanic Origin, in 2013

American
Area
Total
White
Black Indian Asian Multiracial Hispanic
Alabama
25 26 15 28 33 30
Alaska
49 48 42 10 38 31
Arizona
18 18 27 4 17 19
Arkansas
32 33 24 34 36 33
California
1 1 3 1 1 1
Colorado
21 20 32 12 21 18
Connecticut
23 23 22 38 20 26
Delaware
47 47 33 48 37 46
District of Columbia 43 46 23 45 35 37
Florida
4 4 5 9 9 5
Georgia
10 14 4 18 13 14
Hawaii
39 51 41 44 6 4
Idaho
41 40 47 37 45 39
Illinois
5 6 8 11 5 9
Indiana
19 16 21 36 26 25
Iowa
30 30 35 43 34 38
Kansas
31 31 34 30 29 27
Kentucky
27 25 25 42 31 36
Louisiana
24 24 12 25 27 29
Maine
42 41 45 46 46 47
Maryland
15 22 6 21 11 12
Massachusetts
13 10 20 27 10 16
Michigan
11 9 14 13 14 15
Minnesota
17 15 31 15 19 22
Mississippi
34 36 18 41 42 42
Missouri
20 21 19 26 23 21
Montana
46 43 51 22 51 43
Nebraska
36 35 36 39 41 40
Nevada
33 34 30 23 18 23
New Hampshire
40 39 44 49 40 44
New Jersey
7 8 10 17 4 10
New Mexico
37 37 40 6 39 34
New York
3 3 1 5 2 2
North Carolina
12 12 7 8 16 17
North Dakota
48 45 48 29 48 50
Ohio
8 7 13 31 15 13
Oklahoma
28 29 29 2 28 8
Oregon
29 27 37 14 22 20
Pennsylvania
6 5 11 24 12 11
Rhode Island
44 42 38 47 43 41
South Carolina
26 28 16 35 30 32
South Dakota
45 44 46 20 47 48
Tennessee
16 17 17 33 24 24
Texas
2 2 2 3 3 3
Utah
35 32 43 32 32 35
Vermont
51 50 50 51 50 51
Virginia
9 11 9 19 8 7
Washington
14
13
26 7 7 6
West Virginia
38 38 39 50 44 45
Wisconsin
22 19 28 16 25 28
Wyoming
50 49 49 40 49 49
Source:
32
44
7
33
1
9
18
42
38
3
12
35
37
5
22
36
28
39
27
50
17
14
19
29
41
30
46
34
15
45
6
8
4
16
49
21
23
20
13
40
31
48
26
2
24
51
10
11
47
25
43
52
Table 40
States Ranked by Percentage Change in Buying Power,
by Race and Hispanic Origin, 2010-2013

American
Area

Total
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Source:
White
Black
45 44
13 13
17 20
24 23
27 33
14 14
50 50
39 41
7
3
31 36
25 34
9 4
18 16
51 51
30 27
4 5
15 15
28 24
34 32
37 31
29 38
41 43
43 40
20 21
36 35
40 39
12 11
10 10
42 48
47
45
48
49
26
25
46
46
16
18
1
1
32 29
5 7
19 19
38 37
49
47
23
17
2
2
21 22
3 6
6 8
33 28
22 26
11 12
35
30
44 42
8 9
45
16
12
37
41
22
43
34
50
28
27
4
6
51
32
9
24
29
40
8
31
26
49
14
38
46
2
19
23
10
47
13
48
30
1
39
20
18
35
25
44
3
33
15
11
7
36
17
21
42
5
Indian
Asian Hispanic
46
50
45
6
10
28
41
23
5
18
12
1
36
32
27
4
21
11
30
42
22
19
47
44
17
38
39
9
51
20
26
43
14
48
2
24
15
33
13
40
34
8
35
3
16
31
25
29
37
49
7
30 12
34 16
12 43
4 5
47 46
42 48
46 42
29 27
10
34
26 41
18 28
51 26
43 36
50 51
11 30
5 3
25 32
15 10
38 19
24 22
31 15
35 40
44 45
13 23
27 9
37 31
23 11
9 14
36 47
21
24
45
44
39
49
48
50
8
21
1
1
32 29
7 4
41 33
22 17
49
39
17
8
2
2
14 6
6 37
20 25
28 13
16 18
19 20
33
7
40 38
3 35
53
Table 41
States Ranked by Market Share, by Race and Hispanic Origin,
in 2013

American
Area
White
Black
Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic

Alabama
40
7
25 42 36 39
Alaska
38 33 1
12
2 29
Arizona
21 31 7
18 16
4
Arkansas
28
14
19 41 22 30
California
45
27
9 2 7 3
Colorado
15 34 14
22 12
7
Connecticut
27
23
44 16 32 12
Delaware
43
8
28 13 19 26
50
1
27
14
6
13
Florida
31 13 38
23 20
5
Georgia
48
4
36 17 24 24
Hawaii
51 40 29
1
1 15
Idaho
3
50
12 43 17 14
Illinois
34
17
33 10 33 10
Indiana
20
24
43 34 42 32
Iowa
5
41
46 39 51 37
Kansas
19
30
18 26 15 20
Kentucky
16
25
48 37 48 44
Louisiana
46
5
22 36 41 31
Maine
1
49
35 48 47 51
Maryland
49
3
34 8 13 23
Massachusetts 26
28
45 9 28 27
Michigan
30
16
26 21 25 38
Minnesota
14
35
21 19 29 40
Mississippi
47
2
31 45 50 42
Missouri
23
20
32 31 27 41
Montana
10
51 5 51 11 45
Nebraska
11
36
23 40 39 25
Nevada
36
22
10 4 5 6
New Hampshire 6
43
47 27 40 46
New Jersey
42
15
41
3
26
8
New Mexico 22
39
3 33 9 1
New York
39
12
24
6
18
9
North Carolina 37
9
15 24 30 28
North Dakota
8
45 6 49 49 48
Ohio
25
19
50 29 34 43
Oklahoma
35 26 2
32
3 22
Oregon
18 42 13
15
8 16
Pennsylvania
24
21
49 20 43 34
Rhode Island
17
29
37 28 14 17
South Carolina 41
6
30 38 44 35
South Dakota 12
44 4 47 35 47
Tennessee
32
11
40 35 37 36
Texas
33 18 17
11 21
2
Utah
9
46
16 25 23 11
Vermont
2
48
42 50 38 49
Virginia
44
10
39 7 10 21
Washington
29 37 11
5
4 18
West Virginia
7
38
51 44 45 50
Wisconsin
13
32
20 30 46 33
Wyoming
4
47 8 46 31 19
Source:
54
Table 42
U.S. Average Annual Spending and Item Share
for All Consumers, Third Quarter 2011-Second Quarter 2012

Item
Average
Spending Per
Consumer Unit
Share of Total
(dollars) (percent)
TOTAL ANNUAL EXPENDITURES

50,631 100.0

3,905 7.7
FOOD
AT HOME

2,628 5.2
FOOD
AWAY FROM HOME

467 0.9
ALCOHOLIC
BEVERAGES

16,940 33.5
HOUSING

9,919 19.6
Shelter

3,681 7.3
Utilities,
fuels, and public services

377
0.7
Natural
gas

1,399
2.8
Electricity
oil and other fuels
147
0.3
Fuel

1,233
2.4
Telephone
services

523
1.0
Water
and other public services

1,150 2.3
Household
operations

602 1.2
Housekeeping
supplies

1,589 3.1
Household
furnishings and equipment

116
0.2
Household
textiles

393
0.8
Furniture
coverings
19
0.0
Floor

193
0.4
Major
appliances

93
0.2
Small
appliances & misc. housewares

775
1.5
Miscellaneous
household equipment

1,730 3.4
APPAREL
& SERVICES
and boys
411
0.8
Men

701
1.4
Women
and girls

66
0.1
Children
under 2

327
0.6
Footwear

225
0.4
Other
apparel products and services

8,505 16.8
TRANSPORTATION

2,839
5.6
Vehicle
purchases (net outlay)

1,448
2.9
Cars
and trucks, new

1,327
2.6
Cars
and trucks, used

63
0.1
Other
vehicles

2,706
5.3
Gasoline
and motor oil

2,429
4.8
Other
vehicle expenses

229
0.5
Finance
charges

818
1.6
Maintenance,
repairs

943
1.9
Insurance

438
0.9
Rental,
leases, licenses, other

532
1.1
Public
transportation

3,466 6.8
HEALTH
CARE

2,004
4.0
Health
insurance

832
1.6
Medical
services

496
1.0
Drugs

135
0.3
Medical
supplies

2,573 5.1
ENTERTAINMENT
and admissions
610
1.2
Fees

975
1.9
Television,
radios, sound equipment
toys, and playground equipment
659
1.3
Pets,

328
0.6
Other

618 1.2
PERSONAL
CARE PRODUCTS & SERVICES

114 0.2
READING

1,129 2.2
EDUCATION

336 0.7
TOBACCO
PRODUCTS & SMOKING SUPPLIES

825 1.6
MISCELLANEOUS

1,829 3.6
CASH
CONTRIBUTIONS

5,565 11.0
PERSONAL
INSURANCE & PENSIONS
and other personal insurance
358
0.7
Life

5,207
10.3
Pensions
and Social Security
Source: Shares were calculated by the Selig Center for Economic Growth, based on data obtained from the U.S. Department of Labor,
Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Expenditure Survey, third quarter 2011-second quarter 2012, released March 2013.
55
Table 43

Item
U.S. Average Annual Spending and Item Share for

Black and Non-Black Consumers, Third Quarter 2011-Second Quarter 2012
Black Consumers
Non-Black Consumers
Average Average
Difference in
Spending Per
Spending Per
Share of Total
Consumer Unit
Share of Total
Consumer Unit
Share of Total
(percentage
(dollars) (percent) (dollars) (percent) points)

37,826
100.0
TOTAL
ANNUAL EXPENDITURES

AT HOME
2,950
7.8
FOOD

AWAY FROM HOME
1,679
4.4
FOOD

204
0.5
ALCOHOLIC
BEVERAGES

14,343
37.9
HOUSING

8,295
21.9
Shelter

3,596
9.5
Utilities,

378
1.0
Natural
gas

1,452
3.8
Electricity

oil and other fuels
67
0.2
Fuel

1,225
3.2
Telephone
services

474
1.3
Water

827
2.2
Household
operations

454
1.2
Housekeeping
supplies

1,172
3.1
Household

69
0.2
Household
textiles

360
1.0
Furniture

coverings
8
0.0
Floor

133
0.4
Major
appliances

47
0.1
Small

555
1.5
Miscellaneous
household equipment

1,636
4.3
APPAREL
& SERVICES

361
1.0
Men
and boys

588
1.6
Women
and girls

60
0.2
Children
under 2

432
1.1
Footwear

192
0.5
Other

6,335
16.7
TRANSPORTATION

1,917
5.1
Vehicle

862
2.3
Cars
and trucks, new

1,006
2.7
Cars
and trucks, used

49
0.1
Other
vehicles

2,230
5.9
Gasoline
and motor oil

1,912
5.1
Other
vehicle expenses

Finance charges
202
0.5

582
1.5
Maintenance,
repairs

848
2.2
Insurance

281
0.7
Rental,

276
0.7
Public
transportation

1,991
5.3
HEALTH
CARE

1,344
3.6
Health
insurance

314
0.8
Medical
services

279
0.7
Drugs

55
0.1
Medical
supplies

1,531
4.0
ENTERTAINMENT

230
0.6
Fees
and admissions

980
2.6
Television,

225
0.6
Pets,

96
0.3
Other

546
1.4
PERSONAL

0.1
READING

45

509
1.3
EDUCATION

260
0.7
TOBACCO

570
1.5
MISCELLANEOUS
CONTRIBUTIONS
1,365
3.6
CASH

3,861
10.2
PERSONAL
316
0.8
Life

3,545
9.4
Pensions
and Social Security
52,468

4,042
2,764
505
17,312
10,152
3,693
377
1,391
159
1,235
531
1,197
623
1,648
122
398
20
201
99
807
1,744
418
718
66
312
230
8,817
2,971
1,532
1,373
65
2,775
2,503
233
852
957
461
568
3,678
2,098
906
527
147
2,722
665
975
721
361
628
124
1,218
347
861
1,896
5,810
364
5,446
100.0

7.7
5.3
1.0
33.0
19.3
7.0
0.7
2.7
0.3
2.4
1.0
2.3
1.2
3.1
0.2
0.8
0.0
0.4
0.2
1.5
3.3
0.8
1.4
0.1
0.6
0.4
16.8
5.7
2.9
2.6
0.1
5.3
4.8
0.4
1.6
1.8
0.9
1.1
7.0
4.0
1.7
1.0
0.3
5.2
1.3
1.9
1.4
0.7
1.2
0.2
2.3
0.7
1.6
3.6
11.1
0.7
10.4
0.0
0.1
-0.8
-0.4
4.9
2.6
2.5
0.3
1.2
-0.1
0.9
0.2
-0.1
0.0
-0.0
-0.1
0.2
-0.0
-0.0
-0.1
-0.1
1.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
0.5
0.1
-0.1
-0.6
-0.6
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.3
0.1
-0.1
0.4
-0.1
-0.4
-1.7
-0.4
-0.9
-0.3
-0.1
-1.1
-0.7
0.7
-0.8
-0.4
0.2
-0.1
-1.0
0.0
-0.1
0.0
-0.9
0.1
-1.0
Source: Selig Center for Economic Growth, based on data from the Consumer Expenditure Survey, third quarter 2011-second quarter 2012.
56
Table 44
Asian and All Consumers, Third Quarter 2011-Second Quarter 2012
Asian Consumers

Item
TOTAL
ANNUAL EXPENDITURES

FOOD
AT HOME

FOOD
AWAY FROM HOME

ALCOHOLIC
BEVERAGES
HOUSING

Shelter

Utilities,

Natural
gas

Electricity

Fuel
oil and other fuels
Telephone
services

Water

Household
operations

Housekeeping
supplies
Household

Household
textiles

Furniture

Floor
coverings
Major
appliances

Small

Miscellaneous
household equipment

APPAREL
& SERVICES

Men
and boys
Women
and girls

Children
under 2

Footwear

Other

TRANSPORTATION

Vehicle

Cars
and trucks, new

Cars
and trucks, used

Other
vehicles

Gasoline
and motor oil

Other
vehicle expenses

Finance
charges

Maintenance,
repairs

Insurance

Rental,

Public
transportation

HEALTH
CARE

Health
insurance

Medical
services

Drugs

Medical
supplies

ENTERTAINMENT

Fees
and admissions
Television,

Pets,
Other

PERSONAL

READING

EDUCATION

TOBACCO

MISCELLANEOUS

CASH
CONTRIBUTIONS

PERSONAL

Life
Pensions
and Social Security

All Consumers
Average Average
Difference in
Spending Per
Spending Per
Share of Total
Consumer Unit
Share of Total
Consumer Unit
Share of Total
(percentage
61,098 100.0 50,631 100.0 0.0

4,764 7.8 3,905
7.7 0.1
3,752 6.1 2,628
5.2 1.0
316 0.5
467
0.9 -0.4
21,121 34.6 16,940 33.5 1.1
14,282 23.4 9,919 19.6 3.8
3,377 5.5 3,681
7.3 -1.7
428
0.7
377
0.7
-0.0
1,076
1.8
1,399
2.8
-1.0
60
0.1
147
0.3
-0.2
1,252
2.0
1,233
2.4
-0.4
561
0.9
523
1.0
-0.1
1,536 2.5 1,150
2.3 0.2
461 0.8
602
1.2 -0.4
1,464 2.4 1,589
3.1 -0.7
95
0.2
116
0.2
-0.1
420
0.7
393
0.8
-0.1
9
0.0
19
0.0
-0.0
180
0.3
193
0.4
-0.1
95
0.2
93
0.2
-0.0
665
1.1
775
1.5
-0.4
2,552 4.2 1,730
3.4 0.8
622
1.0
411
0.8
0.2
1,012
1.7
701
1.4
0.3
71
0.1
66
0.1
-0.0
473
0.8
327
0.6
0.1
375
0.6
225
0.4
0.2
9,968 16.3 8,505
16.8 -0.5
3,506
5.7
2,839
5.6
0.1
2,448
4.0
1,448
2.9
1.1
1,051
1.7
1,327
2.6
-0.9
7
0.0
63
0.1
-0.1
2,523
4.1
2,706
5.3
-1.2
2,610
4.3
2,429
4.8
-0.5
213
0.3
229
0.5
-0.1
812
1.3
818
1.6
-0.3
1,013
1.7
943
1.9
-0.2
572
0.9
438
0.9
0.1
1,329
2.2
532
1.1
1.1
3,278 5.4 3,466
6.8 -1.5
2,044
3.3
2,004
4.0
-0.6
800
1.3
832
1.6
-0.3
334
0.5
496
1.0
-0.4
100
0.2
135
0.3
-0.1
2,174 3.6 2,573
5.1 -1.5
844
1.4
610
1.2
0.2
770
1.3
975
1.9
-0.7
240
0.4
659
1.3
-0.9
320
0.5
328
0.6
-0.1
579 0.9
618
1.2 -0.3
91 0.1
114
0.2 -0.1
2,381 3.9 1,129
2.2 1.7
163 0.3
336
0.7 -0.4
647 1.1
825
1.6 -0.6
1,331 2.2 1,829
3.6 -1.4
7,981 13.1 5,565 11.0 2.1
403
0.7
358
0.7
-0.0
7,578
12.4
5,207
10.3
2.1
57
Table 45
Hispanic and Non-Hispanic Consumers, Third Quarter 2011-Second Quarter 2012

Item

TOTAL
ANNUAL EXPENDITURES

FOOD
AT HOME

FOOD
AWAY FROM HOME

ALCOHOLIC
BEVERAGES

HOUSING

Shelter

Utilities,

Natural
gas

Electricity
oil and other fuels
Fuel

Telephone
services

Water

Household
operations
supplies
Housekeeping

Household

Household
textiles

Furniture

Floor
coverings

Major
appliances

Small

Miscellaneous
household equipment

APPAREL
& SERVICES
and boys
Men

Women
and girls

Children
under 2

Footwear

Other

TRANSPORTATION

Vehicle

Cars
and trucks, new

Cars
and trucks, used

Other
vehicles

Gasoline
and motor oil

Other
vehicle expenses

Finance
charges

Maintenance,
repairs

Insurance

Rental,

Public
transportation

HEALTH
CARE

Health
insurance

Medical
services

Drugs

Medical
supplies

ENTERTAINMENT
and admissions
Fees

Television,
Pets,

Other

PERSONAL

READING

EDUCATION

TOBACCO

MISCELLANEOUS

CASH
CONTRIBUTIONS

PERSONAL
Life

Pensions
and Social Security
Hispanic Consumers
Non-Hispanic Consumers
Average Average
Difference in
Spending Per
Spending Per
Share of Total
Consumer Unit
Share of Total
Consumer Unit
Share of Total
(percentage
42,443 100.0 51,820 100.0 0.0

4,056 9.6 3,884
7.5 2.1
2,589 6.1 2,634
5.1 1.0
334 0.8
485
0.9 -0.1
15,450 36.4 17,155 33.1 3.3
9,634 22.7 9,960 19.2 3.5
3,425 8.1 3,718
7.2 0.9
316
0.7
386
0.7
-0.0
1,257
3.0
1,420
2.7
0.2
43
0.1
162
0.3
-0.2
1,297
3.1
1,224
2.4
0.7
512
1.2
525
1.0
0.2
734 1.7 1,211
2.3 -0.6
547 1.3 609
1.2 0.1
1,110 2.6 1,657
3.2 -0.6
100
0.2
118
0.2
0.0
292
0.7
408
0.8
-0.1
5
0.0
20
0.0
-0.0
132
0.3
202
0.4
-0.1
71
0.2
96
0.2
-0.0
508
1.2
813
1.6
-0.4
2,180 5.1 1,668
3.2 1.9
553
1.3
391
0.8
0.5
783
1.8
690
1.3
0.5
99
0.2
61
0.1
0.1
483
1.1
306
0.6
0.5
261
0.6
220
0.4
0.2
7,710 18.2 8,621 16.6 1.5
2,340
5.5
2,911
5.6
-0.1
963
2.3
1,519
2.9
-0.7
1,354
3.2
1,323
2.6
0.6
23
0.1
69
0.1
-0.1
2,748
6.5
2,700
5.2
1.3
2,200
5.2
2,462
4.8
0.4
200
0.5
233
0.4
0.0
657
1.5
842
1.6
-0.1
953
2.2
942
1.8
0.4
391
0.9
445
0.9
0.1
421
1.0
548
1.1
-0.1
1,845 4.3 3,702
7.1 -2.8
1,005
2.4
2,149
4.1
-1.8
498
1.2
881
1.7
-0.5
258
0.6
530
1.0
-0.4
83
0.2
143
0.3
-0.1
1,710 4.0 2,696
5.2 -1.2
326
0.8
651
1.3
-0.5
803
1.9
1,001
1.9
-0.0
419
1.0
692
1.3
-0.3
161
0.4
352
0.7
-0.3
557 1.3 627
1.2 0.1
43 0.1
125
0.2 -0.1
562 1.3 1,211
2.3 -1.0
150 0.4
363
0.7 -0.3
559 1.3
863
1.7 -0.3
764 1.8 1,984
3.8 -2.0
3,937 9.3 5,802 11.2 -1.9
115
0.3
393
0.8
-0.5
3,822
9.0
5,409
10.4
-1.4
58
Buying Power by Race and Hispanic Origin, United States, 2013

Source:
Buying Power by Race and Hispanic Origin, United States, 1990-2018, Selected Years
(trillions of dollars)
Source:
59
Projected Change in Buying Power, by Race and Hispanic Origin,

United States, 2010-2013
Source:
Projected Change in Buying Power, by Race and Hispanic Origin,

United States, 2013-2018
Source:
60
61
Source:
Total Buying Power, 2013

62
Source:
White Buying Power, 2013

63
Source:
Black Buying Power, 2013

(billions of dollats)
64

Source:
American Indian Buying Power, 2013

65
Source:
Asian Buying Power, 2013

66
Source:
Multiracial Buying Power, 2013

67
Source:
Hispanic Buying Power, 2013

68
Part 2
MULTICULTURAL
ECONOMY
State Statistics
ALABAMA
Alabama
Table 1
Buying Power for 2013
(thousands of dollars)
Race
U.S.
Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Source:
Alabama
12,417,820,630
10,376,652,411
1,070,926,059
96,112,351
712,805,021
161,324,789
1,188,845,023
11,228,975,607
163,041,468
129,932,358
28,300,006
903,574
2,528,504
1,377,025
4,018,675
159,022,793
State Rank
25
26
15
28
33
30
32
25
Selig Center for Economic Growth, Terry College of Business, TheUniversity of Georgia, June 2013.
Alabama
Table 2
Race
U.S.
Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Source:
70
11,114,876,000
9,348,810,060
951,491,757
83,193,037
599,262,629
132,118,517
1,004,120,101
10,110,755,899
Alabama
148,762,222
119,109,343
25,607,388
804,647
2,095,005
1,145,840
3,195,389
145,566,833
State Rank
25
25
15
27
33
29
32
25
Alabama
Table 3
ALABAMA
Percentage Change in Buying Power, 2010-2013,

and State Rank

U.S. Alabama
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 9.6 45
White
11.0 9.1 44
Black
12.6 10.5 45
American Indian
15.5
12.3
46

Asian
18.9 20.7 30
Multiracial
22.1 20.2 39
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
25.8
12
Non Hispanic
11.1
9.2
45
Source:
Alabama
Table 4
Market Share in Buying Power, 2010 and 2013
(percentage)

U.S. Alabama
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
80.1
79.7
Black
8.6
8.6
17.2
17.4
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.6
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.4
1.6
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
2.1
2.5
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
97.9
97.5
Source:
71
ALASKA
Alaska
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Source:
Alaska
12,417,820,630
10,376,652,411
1,070,926,059
96,112,351
712,805,021
161,324,789
1,188,845,023
11,228,975,607
32,444,465
26,048,443
1,022,595
2,663,928
1,542,885
1,166,614
1,330,425
31,114,040
State Rank
49
48
42
10
38
31
44
49
Alaska
Table 2
Race
U.S.
Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Source:
72
11,114,876,000
9,348,810,060
951,491,757
83,193,037
599,262,629
132,118,517
1,004,120,101
10,110,755,899
Alaska
28,684,947
23,149,990
867,020
2,402,460
1,284,000
981,477
1,068,370
27,616,577
State Rank
48
48
41
10
38
31
44
48
Alaska
Table 3
and State Rank

ALASKA
U.S. Alaska
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
13.1 13
White
11.0
12.5 13
Black
12.6
17.9 16
American Indian
15.5
10.9
50

Asian
18.9
20.2 34
Multiracial
22.1
18.9 47
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
24.5
16
Non Hispanic
11.1
12.7
13
Source:
Alaska
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Alaska
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
80.7
Black
8.6
8.6
3.0
American Indian
0.7
0.8
8.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
4.5
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
3.4
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
3.7
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
96.3
Source:
2013
100.0
80.3
3.2
8.2
4.8
3.6
4.1
95.9
73
ARIZONA
Arizona
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Arizona

Total
12,417,820,630
225,437,447
White
10,376,652,411
200,374,681
Black
1,070,926,059
7,844,809
American Indian
96,112,351
5,672,999
Asian
712,805,021
8,651,513
Multiracial
161,324,789
2,893,445
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
37,572,403
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
187,865,044
State Rank
18
18
27
4
17
19
7
22

Source:
Arizona
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Arizona

Total
11,114,876,000
200,007,855
White
9,348,810,060
179,114,351
Black
951,491,757
6,483,784
American Indian
83,193,037
5,051,276
Asian
599,262,629
7,035,919
Multiracial
132,118,517
2,322,525
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
32,051,723
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
167,956,132
Source:
74
State Rank
19
19
28
4
18
19
7
22
Arizona
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Arizona
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.7 17
White
11.0 11.9 20
Black
12.6 21.0 12
American Indian
15.5
12.3
45
Asian
18.9 23.0 12
Multiracial
22.1 24.6 12
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
17.2
43
Non Hispanic
11.1
11.9
20
ARIZONA
Source:
Arizona
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Arizona
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
89.6
88.9
Black
8.6
8.6
3.2
3.5
American Indian
0.7
0.8
2.5
2.5
Asian
5.4
5.7
3.5
3.8
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.3
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
16.0
16.7
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
84.0
83.3
Source:
75
ARKANSAS
Arkansas
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Arkansas

Total
12,417,820,630
97,748,107
White
10,376,652,411
84,628,993
Black
1,070,926,059
9,696,319
American Indian
96,112,351
733,795
Asian
712,805,021
1,641,406
Multiracial
161,324,789
1,047,593
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
3,789,461
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
93,958,646
State Rank
32
33
24
34
36
33
33
32

Source:
Arkansas
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Arkansas

Total
11,114,876,000
87,189,521
White
9,348,810,060
75,782,077
Black
951,491,757
8,644,778
American Indian
83,193,037
620,669
Asian
599,262,629
1,291,920
Multiracial
132,118,517
850,077
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
2,966,783
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
84,222,738
Source:
76
State Rank
33
33
24
34
37
33
34
32
Arkansas
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Arkansas
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.1 24
White
11.0 11.7 23
Black
12.6 12.2 37
American Indian
15.5
18.2
6
Asian
18.9 27.1 4
Multiracial
22.1 23.2 20
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
27.7
5
Non Hispanic
11.1
11.6
24
Source:
Arkansas
Table 4
ARKANSAS

(percentage)

U.S. Akansas

Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
86.9
86.6
Black
8.6
8.6
9.9
9.9
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.7
0.8
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.5
1.7
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.0
1.1
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
3.4
3.9
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
96.6
96.1
Source:
77
CALIFORNIA
California
Table 1
Race
U.S.
California

Total
12,417,820,630
1,555,139,729
White
10,376,652,411
1,197,738,898
Black
1,070,926,059
76,748,854
American Indian
96,112,351
18,396,427
Asian
712,805,021
230,178,963
Multiracial
161,324,789
32,076,588
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
304,302,154
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
1,250,837,575
State Rank
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1

Source:
California
Table 2

Race
U.S.
California

Total
11,114,876,000
1,389,653,925
White
9,348,810,060
1,082,526,315
Black
951,491,757
68,786,306
American Indian
83,193,037
15,752,945
Asian
599,262,629
196,121,311
Multiracial
132,118,517
26,467,048
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
261,344,625
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
1,128,309,300
Source:
78
State Rank
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
California
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. California
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
11.9 27
White
11.0
10.6 33
Black
12.6
11.6 41
American Indian
15.5
16.8
10
Asian
18.9
17.4 47
Multiracial
22.1
21.2 34
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
16.4
46
Non Hispanic
11.1
10.9
33
Source:
California
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. California
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
77.9
77.0
Black
8.6
8.6
4.9
4.9
American Indian
0.7
0.8
1.1
1.2
Asian
5.4
5.7
14.1
14.8
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.9
2.1
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
18.8
19.6
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
81.2
80.4
Source:
CALIFORNIA
79
COLORADO
Colorado
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Colorado

Total
12,417,820,630
216,325,597
White
10,376,652,411
198,743,629
Black
1,070,926,059
6,271,537
American Indian
96,112,351
1,953,652
Asian
712,805,021
6,342,005
Multiracial
161,324,789
3,014,774
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
22,733,668
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
193,591,929
State Rank
21
20
32
12
21
18
9
21

Source:
Colorado
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Colorado

Total
11,114,876,000
191,595,632
White
9,348,810,060
176,654,723
Black
951,491,757
5,465,273
American Indian
83,193,037
1,703,513
Asian
599,262,629
5,325,273
Multiracial
132,118,517
2,446,850
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
19,545,524
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
172,050,108
Source:
80
State Rank
22
21
31
12
21
17
9
21
Colorado
COLORADO
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Colorado
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.9 14
White
11.0 12.5 14
Black
12.6 14.8 22
American Indian
15.5
14.7
28
Asian
18.9 19.1 42
Multiracial
22.1 23.2 21
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
16.3
48
Non Hispanic
11.1
12.5
14
Source:
Colorado
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Colorado
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
92.2
91.9
Black
8.6
8.6
2.9
2.9
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.9
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.8
2.9
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.4
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
10.2
10.5
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
89.8
89.5
Source:
81
CONNECTICUT
Connecticut
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Connecticut

Total
12,417,820,630
184,130,520
White
10,376,652,411
162,292,832
Black
1,070,926,059
11,925,525
American Indian
96,112,351
532,254
Asian
712,805,021
7,736,447
Multiracial
161,324,789
1,643,461
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
12,694,812
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
171,435,708
State Rank
23
23
22
38
20
26
18
23

Source:
Connecticut
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Connecticut

Total
11,114,876,000
170,739,115
White
9,348,810,060
151,577,756
Black
951,491,757
10,734,075
American Indian
83,193,037
472,448
Asian
599,262,629
6,558,165
Multiracial
132,118,517
1,396,671
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
10,828,275
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
159,910,840
Source:
82
State Rank
23
23
23
38
20
26
18
23
Connecticut
Table 3
and State Rank

CONNECTICUT
U.S. Connecticut
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
7.8 50
White
11.0
7.1 50
Black
12.6
11.1 43
American Indian
15.5
12.7
41
Asian
18.9
18.0 46
Multiracial
22.1
17.7 50
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
17.2
42
Non Hispanic
11.1
7.2
50
Source:
Connecticut
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Connecticut

Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
88.8
88.1
Black
8.6
8.6
6.3
6.5
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.3
0.3
Asian
5.4
5.7
3.8
4.2
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
0.9
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
6.3
6.9
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
93.7
93.1
Source:
83
DELAWARE
Delaware
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Delaware

Total
12,417,820,630
35,204,838
White
10,376,652,411
27,735,586
Black
1,070,926,059
5,318,528
American Indian
96,112,351
159,144
Asian
712,805,021
1,601,176
Multiracial
161,324,789
390,404
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
1,663,378
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
33,541,460
State Rank
47
47
33
48
37
46
42
48

Source:
Delaware
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Delaware

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Source:
84
11,114,876,000
9,348,810,060
951,491,757
83,193,037
599,262,629
132,118,517
1,004,120,101
10,110,755,899
31,832,848
25,338,035
4,712,010
138,461
1,324,191
320,150
1,361,359
30,471,489
State Rank
45
45
33
48
36
46
42
46
Delaware
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Delaware
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 10.6 39
White
11.0
9.5 41
Black
12.6 12.9 34
American Indian
15.5
14.9
23
Asian
18.9 20.9 29
Multiracial
22.1 21.9 29
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
22.2
27
Non Hispanic
11.1
10.1
39
DELAWARE
Source:
Delaware
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Delaware

Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
79.6
78.8
Black
8.6
8.6
14.8
15.1
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.5
Asian
5.4
5.7
4.2
4.5
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.0
1.1
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
4.3
4.7
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
95.7
95.3
Source:
85
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Table 1
Race

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
U.S.
12,417,820,630
10,376,652,411
1,070,926,059
96,112,351
712,805,021
161,324,789
1,188,845,023
11,228,975,607
44,045,439
29,374,170
11,563,326
217,048
1,974,408
916,486
2,933,956
41,111,482

Source:
State Rank
43
46
23
45
35
37
38
44
Table 2

Race

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Source:
86
U.S.
11,114,876,000
9,348,810,060
951,491,757
83,193,037
599,262,629
132,118,517
1,004,120,101
10,110,755,899
38,431,471
25,065,824
10,864,797
182,195
1,601,435
717,221
2,419,562
36,011,909
State Rank
44
46
22
45
35
37
38
44
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S.
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 14.6 7
White
11.0 17.2 3
Black
12.6
6.4 50
American Indian
15.5
19.1
5
Asian
18.9 23.3 10
Multiracial
22.1 27.8 5
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
21.3
34
Non Hispanic
11.1
14.2
7
Source:
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S.

Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
65.2
66.7
Black
8.6
8.6
28.3
26.3
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.5
Asian
5.4
5.7
4.2
4.5
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.9
2.1
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
6.3
6.7
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
93.7
93.3
Source:
87
FLORIDA
Florida
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Florida

Total
12,417,820,630
742,209,554
White
10,376,652,411
634,515,669
Black
1,070,926,059
75,264,275
American Indian
96,112,351
2,799,271
Asian
712,805,021
21,592,175
Multiracial
161,324,789
8,038,164
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
122,100,482
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
620,109,072

Source:
State Rank
4
4
5
9
9
5
3
4
Florida
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Florida

Total
11,114,876,000
666,739,664
White
9,348,810,060
574,065,216
Black
951,491,757
65,875,830
American Indian
83,193,037
2,418,443
Asian
599,262,629
17,826,172
Multiracial
132,118,517
6,554,003
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
104,002,669
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
562,736,995
Source:
88
State Rank
4
4
5
9
9
5
3
4
Florida
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Florida
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 11.3 31
White
11.0 10.5 36
Black
12.6 14.3 28
American Indian
15.5
15.7
18
Asian
18.9 21.1 26
Multiracial
22.1 22.6 25
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
17.4
41
Non Hispanic
11.1
10.2
38
Source:
Florida
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Florida
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
86.1
Black
8.6
8.6
9.9
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.7
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.0
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
15.6
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
84.4
Source:
2013
100.0
85.5
10.1
0.4
2.9
1.1
16.5
83.5
FLORIDA
89
GEORGIA
Georgia
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Georgia

Total
12,417,820,630
342,104,412
White
10,376,652,411
248,596,309
Black
1,070,926,059
75,527,248
American Indian
96,112,351
1,361,134
Asian
712,805,021
13,154,112
Multiracial
161,324,789
3,465,608
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
16,845,149
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
325,259,263
State Rank
10
14
4
18
13
14
12
11

Source:
Georgia
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Georgia

Total
11,114,876,000
305,560,915
White
9,348,810,060
224,763,878
Black
951,491,757
66,103,305
American Indian
83,193,037
1,166,849
Asian
599,262,629
10,762,052
Multiracial
132,118,517
2,764,831
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
13,790,908
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
291,770,007
Source:
90
State Rank
11
14
4
18
13
15
12
11
Georgia
Table 3
GEORGIA

and State Rank

U.S. Georgia
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.0 25
White
11.0 10.6 34
Black
12.6 14.3 27
American Indian
15.5
16.7
12
Asian
18.9 22.2 18
Multiracial
22.1 25.3 9
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
22.1
28
Non Hispanic
11.1
11.5
26
Source:
Georgia
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Georgia

Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
73.6
72.7
Black
8.6
8.6
21.6
22.1
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
3.5
3.8
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.9
1.0
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
4.5
4.9
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
95.5
95.1
Source:
91
HAWAII
Hawaii
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Hawaii

Total
12,417,820,630
58,538,973
White
10,376,652,411
20,441,395
Black
1,070,926,059
1,153,524
American Indian
96,112,351
260,359
Asian
712,805,021
27,421,989
Multiracial
161,324,789
9,261,706
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
3,631,444
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
54,907,529
State Rank
39
51
41
44
6
4
35
39

Source:
Hawaii
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Hawaii

Total
11,114,876,000
51,242,625
White
9,348,810,060
17,572,963
Black
951,491,757
840,512
American Indian
83,193,037
192,050
Asian
599,262,629
24,648,580
Multiracial
132,118,517
7,988,520
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
2,971,389
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
48,271,236
Source:
92
State Rank
40
51
42
44
5
4
33
39
Hawaii
Table 3
and State Rank

HAWAII
U.S. Hawaii
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 14.2 9
White
11.0 16.3 4
Black
12.6 37.2 4
American Indian
15.5
35.6
1
Asian
18.9
11.3 51
Multiracial
22.1
15.9 51
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
22.2
26
Non Hispanic
11.1
13.7
9
Source:
Hawaii
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Hawaii

Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
34.3
Black
8.6
8.6
1.6
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
48.1
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
15.6
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
5.8
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
94.2
Source:
2013
100.0
34.9
2.0
0.4
46.8
15.8
6.2
93.8
93
IDAHO
Idaho
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Idaho

Total
12,417,820,630
51,578,538
White
10,376,652,411
49,398,752
Black
1,070,926,059
279,327
American Indian
96,112,351
540,294
Asian
712,805,021
708,395
Multiracial
161,324,789
651,770
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
3,280,744
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
48,297,795
State Rank
41
40
47
37
45
39
37
41

Source:
Idaho
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Idaho

Total
11,114,876,000
45,794,153
White
9,348,810,060
43,991,150
Black
951,491,757
212,439
American Indian
83,193,037
474,994
Asian
599,262,629
594,918
Multiracial
132,118,517
520,652
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
2,708,411
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
43,085,742
Source:
94
State Rank
41
40
47
37
45
39
36
42
Idaho
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Idaho
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
12.6 18
White
11.0
12.3 16
Black
12.6 31.5 6
American Indian
15.5
13.7
36
Asian
18.9
19.1 43
Multiracial
22.1
25.2 10
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
21.1
36

Non
Hispanic
11.1
12.1
18
Source:
IDAHO
Idaho
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Idaho
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
96.1
Black
8.6
8.6
0.5
American Indian
0.7
0.8
1.0
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.3
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.1
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
5.9
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
94.1
Source:
2013
100.0
95.8
0.5
1.0
1.4
1.3
6.4
93.6
95
ILLINOIS
Illinois
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Illinois
State Rank

Total
12,417,820,630
520,893,475
5
White
10,376,652,411
439,562,934
6
Black
1,070,926,059
46,427,288
8
American Indian
96,112,351
2,206,603
11
Asian
712,805,021
28,065,861
5
Multiracial
161,324,789
4,630,789
9
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
45,144,467
5

Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
475,749,008
6
Source:
Illinois
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Illinois

Total
11,114,876,000
486,346,752
White
9,348,810,060
412,158,048
Black
951,491,757
43,729,475
American Indian
83,193,037
1,930,560
Asian
599,262,629
24,611,769
Multiracial
132,118,517
3,916,900
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
39,956,109
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
446,390,643
Source:
96
State Rank
5
6
8
11
6
9
5
6
Illinois
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Illinois
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 7.1 51
White
11.0 6.6 51
Black
12.6 6.2 51
American Indian
15.5
14.3
32
Asian
18.9 14.0 50
Multiracial
22.1 18.2 48
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
13.0
51
Non Hispanic
11.1
6.6
51
Source:
Illinois
Table 4
(percentage)
ILLINOIS
U.S. Illinois
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
84.7
Black
8.6
8.6
9.0
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
5.1
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
8.2
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
91.8
Source:
2013
100.0
84.4
8.9
0.4
5.4
0.9
8.7
91.3
97
INDIANA
Indiana
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Indiana
State Rank

Total
12,417,820,630
224,474,641
19
White
10,376,652,411
203,147,857
16
Black
1,070,926,059
14,300,962
21
American Indian
96,112,351
669,432
36
Asian
712,805,021
4,567,540
26
Multiracial
161,324,789
1,788,851
25
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
7,969,780
22

Non
Hispanic
11,228,975,607
216,504,861
18
Source:
Indiana
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Indiana

Total
11,114,876,000
201,168,997
White
9,348,810,060
182,771,384
Black
951,491,757
12,635,553
American Indian
83,193,037
583,501
Asian
599,262,629
3,714,227
Multiracial
132,118,517
1,464,332
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
6,530,097
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
194,638,900
Source:
98
State Rank
18
17
21
36
26
25
22
19
Indiana
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Indiana
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 11.6 30
White
11.0 11.1 27
Black
12.6 13.2 32
American Indian
15.5
14.7
27
Asian
18.9 23.0 11
Multiracial
22.1 22.2 27
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
22.0
30
Non Hispanic
11.1
11.2
27
Source:
Indiana
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Indiana
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
90.9
Black
8.6
8.6
6.3
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.3
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.8
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.7
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
3.2
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
96.8
2013
100.0
90.5
6.4
0.3
2.0
0.8
3.6
96.4
INDIANA
Source: Selig Center for Economic Growth, Terry College of Business, TheUniversity of Georgia, June 2013.
99
IOWA
Iowa
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Iowa

Total
12,417,820,630
122,803,009
White
10,376,652,411
117,490,259
Black
1,070,926,059
2,168,283
American Indian
96,112,351
295,497
Asian
712,805,021
2,165,646
Multiracial
161,324,789
683,325
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
3,393,740

Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
119,409,270
Source:
State Rank
30
30
35
43
34
38
36
30
Iowa
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Iowa

Total
11,114,876,000
105,659,287
White
9,348,810,060
101,407,301
Black
951,491,757
1,748,211
American Indian
83,193,037
246,339
Asian
599,262,629
1,726,117
Multiracial
132,118,517
531,320
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
2,621,764
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
103,037,523
Source:
100
State Rank
30
30
36
43
34
38
37
30
Iowa
Table 3
IOWA

and State Rank

U.S. Iowa
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 16.2 4
White
11.0 15.9 5
Black
12.6 24.0 9
American Indian
15.5
20.0
4
Asian
18.9 25.5 5
Multiracial
22.1 28.6 4
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
29.4
3

Non
Hispanic
11.1
15.9
3
Source:
Iowa
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Iowa
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
96.0
Black
8.6
8.6
1.7
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.2
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.6
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.5
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
2.5
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
97.5
Source:
2013
100.0
95.7
1.8
0.2
1.8
0.6
2.8
97.2
101
KANSAS
Kansas
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Kansas
State Rank

Total
12,417,820,630
112,827,511
31
White
10,376,652,411
102,918,517
31
Black
1,070,926,059
4,655,858
34
American Indian
96,112,351
859,128
30
Asian
712,805,021
2,910,505
29
Multiracial
161,324,789
1,483,503
27
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
6,519,542
28

Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
106,307,969
31
Source:
Kansas
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Kansas

Total
11,114,876,000
99,966,540
White
9,348,810,060
91,558,503
Black
951,491,757
4,065,043
American Indian
83,193,037
745,125
Asian
599,262,629
2,402,623
Multiracial
132,118,517
1,195,247
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
5,351,441
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
94,615,099
State Rank
31
31
34
29
29
27
26
31
102
Kansas
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Kansas
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino

Non Hispanic
Source:
11.7
11.0
12.6
15.5
18.9
22.1
18.4
11.1
12.9 15
12.4 15
14.5 24
15.3
21
21.1 25
24.1 14
21.8
32
12.4
15
KANSAS
Kansas
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Kansas
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
91.6
Black
8.6
8.6
4.1
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.7
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.4
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.2
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
5.4
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
94.6
Source:
2013
100.0
91.2
4.1
0.8
2.6
1.3
5.8
94.2
103
KENTUCKY
Kentucky
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Kentucky
State Rank

Total
12,417,820,630
144,238,104
27
White
10,376,652,411
132,314,287
25
Black
1,070,926,059
8,071,320
25
American Indian
96,112,351
326,156
42
Asian
712,805,021
2,597,237
31
Multiracial
161,324,789
929,104
36
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
2,748,768
39

Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
141,489,336
27
Source:
Kentucky
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Kentucky

Total
11,114,876,000
128,935,275
White
9,348,810,060
118,685,975
Black
951,491,757
7,073,397
American Indian
83,193,037
279,570
Asian
599,262,629
2,120,060
Multiracial
132,118,517
776,273
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
2,174,994
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
126,760,281
Source:
104
State Rank
27
26
25
42
31
35
40
27
Kentucky
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Kentucky
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino

Non Hispanic
11.9 28
11.5 24
14.1 29
16.7
11
22.5 15
19.7 40
26.4
10
11.6
23
KENTUCKY
Source:
11.7
11.0
12.6
15.5
18.9
22.1
18.4
11.1
Kentucky
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Kentucky
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
92.1
91.7
Black
8.6
8.6
5.5
5.6
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.2
0.2
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.6
1.8
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.6
0.6
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
1.7
1.9
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
98.3
98.1
Source:
105
LOUISIANA
Louisiana
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Louisiana
State Rank

Total
12,417,820,630
173,573,601
24
White
10,376,652,411
133,320,076
24
Black
1,070,926,059
34,420,170
12
American Indian
96,112,351
1,025,246
25
Asian
712,805,021
3,421,749
27
Multiracial
161,324,789
1,386,359
29
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
6,601,004
27

Non
Hispanic
11,228,975,607
166,972,597
24
Source:
Louisiana
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Louisiana
State Rank

Total
11,114,876,000
156,092,776
24
White
9,348,810,060
120,359,472
24
Black
951,491,757
30,843,265
12
American Indian
83,193,037
895,832
25
Asian
599,262,629
2,864,318
27
Multiracial
132,118,517
1,129,889
30
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
5,324,644
27
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
150,768,132
24
Source:
106
Louisiana
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Louisiana
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
11.2 34
White
11.0
10.8 32
Black
12.6
11.6 40
American Indian
15.5
14.4
30
Asian
18.9
19.5 38
Multiracial
22.1
22.7 23
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
24.0
19
Non Hispanic
11.1
10.7
35
Source:
Louisiana
Table 4
(percentage)
LOUISIANA
U.S. Louisiana
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
77.1
76.8
Black
8.6
8.6
19.8
19.8
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.6
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.8
2.0
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.7
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
3.4
3.8
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
96.6
96.2
Source:
107
MAINE
Maine
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Maine
State Rank

Total
12,417,820,630
49,354,500
42
White
10,376,652,411
48,059,744
41
Black
1,070,926,059
303,666
45
American Indian
96,112,351
198,897
46
Asian
712,805,021
469,889
46
Multiracial
161,324,789
322,303
47

Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
373,866
50
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
48,980,634
40
Source:
Maine
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Maine
State Rank

Total
11,114,876,000
44,456,210
42
White
9,348,810,060
43,380,420
41
Black
951,491,757
242,212
45
American Indian
83,193,037
176,578
46
Asian
599,262,629
387,396
46
Multiracial
132,118,517
269,604
47
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
303,346
49
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
44,152,864
40
Source:
108
Maine
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Maine
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino

Non Hispanic
Source:
11.7
11.0
12.6
15.5
18.9
22.1
18.4
11.1
11.0 37
10.8 31
25.4 8
12.6
42
21.3 24
19.5 42
23.2
22
10.9
32
Maine
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Maine
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
97.6
97.4
Black
8.6
8.6
0.5
0.6
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
0.9
1.0
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.6
0.7
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
0.7
0.8
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
99.3
99.2
Source:
MAINE
109
MARYLAND
Maryland
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Maryland

Total
12,417,820,630
278,290,970
White
10,376,652,411
191,423,956
Black
1,070,926,059
64,198,567
American Indian
96,112,351
1,158,233
Asian
712,805,021
17,684,332
Multiracial
161,324,789
3,825,882
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
14,307,083
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
263,983,886
State Rank
15
22
6
21
11
12
17
15
Maryland
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Maryland

Total
11,114,876,000
249,346,354
White
9,348,810,060
173,852,007
Black
951,491,757
56,716,764
American Indian
83,193,037
1,006,809
Asian
599,262,629
14,668,369
Multiracial
132,118,517
3,102,404
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
11,452,306
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
237,894,048
Source:
110
State Rank
15
22
6
22
11
12
17
15
Maryland
MARYLAND
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Maryland
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 11.6 29
White
11.0 10.1 38
Black
12.6 13.2 31
American Indian
15.5
15.0
22
Asian
18.9 20.6 31
Multiracial
22.1 23.3 19

Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
24.9
15
Non Hispanic
11.1
11.0
31
Source:
Maryland
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Maryland
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
69.7
68.8
Black
8.6
8.6
22.7
23.1
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
5.9
6.4
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.4
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
4.6
5.1
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
95.4
94.9
Source:
111
MASSACHUSETTS
Massachusetts
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Massachusetts

Total
12,417,820,630
323,328,668
White
10,376,652,411
286,442,356
Black
1,070,926,059
14,752,906
American Indian
96,112,351
916,707
Asian
712,805,021
18,112,464
Multiracial
161,324,789
3,104,235
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
15,275,209
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
308,053,460
State Rank
13
10
20
27
10
16
14
13

Source:
Massachusetts
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Massachusetts

Total
11,114,876,000
293,361,409
White
9,348,810,060
262,031,631
Black
951,491,757
12,906,862
American Indian
83,193,037
793,494
Asian
599,262,629
15,078,372
Multiracial
132,118,517
2,551,050
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
12,815,077
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
280,546,332
Source:
112
State Rank
13
10
20
28
10
16
15
13
Massachusetts
Table 3
and State Rank

Source:
MASSACHUSETTS
U.S. Massachusetts
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
10.2 41
White
11.0
9.3 43
Black
12.6
14.3 26
American Indian
15.5
15.5
19
Asian
18.9
20.1 35
Multiracial
22.1
21.7 33
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
19.2
40
Non Hispanic
11.1
9.8
41
Massachusetts
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Massachusetts
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
89.3
88.6
Black
8.6
8.6
4.4
4.6
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.3
0.3
Asian
5.4
5.7
5.1
5.6
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.9
1.0
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
4.4
4.7
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
95.6
95.3
Source:
113
MICHIGAN
Michigan
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Michigan

Total
12,417,820,630
339,964,713
White
10,376,652,411
292,038,234
Black
1,070,926,059
31,740,017
American Indian
96,112,351
1,745,435
Asian
712,805,021
11,028,113
Multiracial
161,324,789
3,412,915
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
9,086,398
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
330,878,315
Source:
State Rank
11
9
14
13
14
15
19
10
Michigan
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Michigan

Total
11,114,876,000
309,478,020
White
9,348,810,060
266,676,343
Black
951,491,757
29,062,581
American Indian
83,193,037
1,557,312
Asian
599,262,629
9,294,026
Multiracial
132,118,517
2,887,758
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
7,802,247
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
301,675,773
Source:
114
State Rank
10
9
14
13
14
14
19
9
Michigan
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Michigan
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
9.9 43
White
11.0
9.5 40
Black
12.6
9.2 49
American Indian
15.5
12.1
47
Asian
18.9 18.7 44
Multiracial
22.1 18.2 49
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
16.5
45

Non Hispanic
11.1
9.7
42
MICHIGAN
Source:
Michigan
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Michigan
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
86.2
85.9
Black
8.6
8.6
9.4
9.3
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.5
Asian
5.4
5.7
3.0
3.2
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.9
1.0
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
2.5
2.7
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
97.5
97.3
Source:
115
MINNESOTA
Minnesota
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Minnesota

Total
12,417,820,630
227,290,578
White
10,376,652,411
209,222,578
Black
1,070,926,059
6,510,724
American Indian
96,112,351
1,410,283
Asian
712,805,021
8,085,162
Multiracial
161,324,789
2,061,830
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
5,519,393
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
221,771,186
Source:
State Rank
17
15
31
15
19
22
29
17
Minnesota
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Minnesota

Total
11,114,876,000
202,076,920
White
9,348,810,060
187,119,235
Black
951,491,757
5,430,023
American Indian
83,193,037
1,255,355
Asian
599,262,629
6,591,455
Multiracial
132,118,517
1,680,852
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
4,505,407
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
197,571,513
Source:
116
State Rank
17
15
32
15
19
23
29
17
Minnesota
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Minnesota
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.5 20
White
11.0 11.8 21
Black
12.6 19.9 14
American Indian
15.5
12.3
44
Asian
18.9 22.7 13
Multiracial
22.1 22.7 24
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
22.5
23
Non Hispanic
11.1
12.2
17
Source:
Minnesota
Table 4
MINNESOTA

(percentage)

U.S. Minnesota
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
92.6
Black
8.6
8.6
2.7
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.6
Asian
5.4
5.7
3.3
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
2.2
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
97.8
Source:
2013
100.0
92.1
2.9
0.6
3.6
0.9
2.4
97.6
117
MISSISSIPPI
Mississippi
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Mississippi

Total
12,417,820,630
94,633,928
White
10,376,652,411
70,238,274
Black
1,070,926,059
22,343,123
American Indian
96,112,351
410,013
Asian
712,805,021
1,079,289
Multiracial
161,324,789
563,228
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
2,057,613
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
92,576,315
Source:
State Rank
34
36
18
41
42
42
41
33
Mississippi
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Mississippi

Total
11,114,876,000
85,147,829
White
9,348,810,060
63,520,518
Black
951,491,757
19,927,446
American Indian
83,193,037
354,153
Asian
599,262,629
891,193
Multiracial
132,118,517
454,518
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
1,623,402
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
83,524,427
Source:
118
State Rank
34
35
18
40
43
42
41
33
Mississippi
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Mississippi
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
11.1 36
White
11.0
10.6 35
Black
12.6
12.1 38
American Indian
15.5
15.8
17
Asian
18.9
21.1 27
Multiracial
22.1
23.9 17
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
26.7
9

Non
Hispanic
11.1
10.8
34
Source:
Mississippi
Table 4
(percentage)

Source:
MISSISSIPPI
U.S. Mississippi
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
74.6
74.2
Black
8.6
8.6
23.4
23.6
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.0
1.1
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.5
0.6
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
1.9
2.2
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
98.1
97.8
119
MISSOURI
Missouri
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Missouri

Total
12,417,820,630
219,867,441
White
10,376,652,411
194,994,027
Black
1,070,926,059
17,026,661
American Indian
96,112,351
952,192
Asian
712,805,021
4,696,141
Multiracial
161,324,789
2,198,420
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
5,246,256
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
214,621,185
Source:
State Rank
20
21
19
26
23
21
30
19
Missouri
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Missouri

Total
11,114,876,000
199,467,263
White
9,348,810,060
177,423,946
Black
951,491,757
15,429,963
American Indian
83,193,037
838,140
Asian
599,262,629
3,926,474
Multiracial
132,118,517
1,848,740
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
4,303,080
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
195,164,183
Source:
120
State Rank
20
20
19
26
23
21
30
18
Missouri
Table 3
MISSOURI

and State Rank

U.S. Missouri
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 10.2 40
White
11.0
9.9 39
Black
12.6 10.3 46
American Indian
15.5
13.6
38
Asian
18.9 19.6 37
Multiracial
22.1 18.9 46
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
21.9
31
Non Hispanic
11.1
10.0
40

Source:
Missouri
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Missouri
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
88.9
88.7
Black
8.6
8.6
7.7
7.7
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.0
2.1
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.9
1.0
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
2.2
2.4
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
97.8
97.6
Source:
121
MONTANA
Montana
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Montana

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
12,417,820,630
10,376,652,411
1,070,926,059
96,112,351
712,805,021
161,324,789
1,188,845,023
11,228,975,607
35,549,520
33,599,052
98,195
1,156,328
200,145
495,800
648,677
34,900,844
State Rank
46
43
51
22
51
43
46
46

Source:
Montana
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Montana

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Source:
122
11,114,876,000
9,348,810,060
951,491,757
83,193,037
599,262,629
132,118,517
1,004,120,101
10,110,755,899
31,203,026
29,553,729
67,589
1,020,663
164,802
396,243
515,005
30,688,021
State Rank
46
43
51
21
51
43
46
45
Montana
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Montana
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Source:
11.7
11.0
12.6
15.5
18.9
22.1
18.4
11.1
13.9 12
13.7 11
45.3 2
13.3
39
21.4 23
25.1 11
26.0
11
13.7
10
MONTANA
Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Montana
Table 4
(percentage)

Race
2010

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Source:
100.0
84.1
8.6
0.7
5.4
1.2
9.0
91.0
U.S. Montana
2013
2010
2013
100.0
83.6
8.6
0.8
5.7
1.3
9.6
90.4
100.0
94.7
0.2
3.3
0.5
1.3
1.7
98.3
100.0
94.5
0.3
3.3
0.6
1.4
1.8
98.2
123
NEBRASKA
Nebraska
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Nebraska

Total
12,417,820,630
75,309,273
White
10,376,652,411
70,798,469
Black
1,070,926,059
2,126,247
American Indian
96,112,351
440,094
Asian
712,805,021
1,327,970
Multiracial
161,324,789
616,492
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
3,636,219
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
71,673,053
Source:
State Rank
36
35
36
39
41
40
34
36
Nebraska
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Nebraska

Total
11,114,876,000
65,961,171
White
9,348,810,060
62,199,209
Black
951,491,757
1,827,173
American Indian
83,193,037
375,220
Asian
599,262,629
1,076,245
Multiracial
132,118,517
483,325
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
2,903,341
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
63,057,830
Source:
124
State Rank
36
36
35
39
41
41
35
36
Nebraska
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Nebraska
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 14.2 10
White
11.0 13.8 10
Black
12.6 16.4 19
American Indian
15.5
17.3
9
Asian
18.9 23.4 9
Multiracial
22.1 27.6 6
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
25.2
14
Non Hispanic
11.1
13.7
11
NEBRASKA
Source:
Nebraska
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Nebraska
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
94.3
94.0
Black
8.6
8.6
2.8
2.8
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.6
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.6
1.8
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.7
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
4.4
4.8
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
95.6
95.2
Source:
125
NEVADA
Nevada
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Nevada

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
12,417,820,630
10,376,652,411
1,070,926,059
96,112,351
712,805,021
161,324,789
1,188,845,023
11,228,975,607
97,597,680
79,397,641
6,527,856
1,104,060
8,529,450
2,038,673
15,177,478
82,420,202
State Rank
33
34
30
23
18
23
15
35

Source:
Nevada
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Nevada

Total
11,114,876,000
88,812,909
White
9,348,810,060
73,302,393
Black
951,491,757
5,693,043
American Indian
83,193,037
997,034
Asian
599,262,629
7,113,958
Multiracial
132,118,517
1,706,481
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
13,042,572
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
75,770,337
Source:
126
State Rank
32
34
30
23
17
22
14
35
Nevada
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Nevada
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino

Non Hispanic
Source:
11.7
11.0
12.6
15.5
18.9
22.1
18.4
11.1
9.9 42
8.3 48
14.7 23
10.7
51
19.9 36
19.5 43
16.4
47
8.8
47
Nevada
Table 4
NEVADA

(percentage)

U.S. Nevada
Race
2010
2013
2010

2013
Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
100.0
81.4
6.7
1.1
8.7
2.1
15.6
84.4
Source:
100.0
84.1
8.6
0.7
5.4
1.2
9.0
91.0
100.0
83.6
8.6
0.8
5.7
1.3
9.6
90.4
100.0
82.5
6.4
1.1
8.0
1.9
14.7
85.3
127
NEW HAMPSHIRE
New Hampshire
Table 1
Race
U.S.
New Hampshire

Total
12,417,820,630
58,062,798
White
10,376,652,411
55,533,501
Black
1,070,926,059
535,556
American Indian
96,112,351
133,690
Asian
712,805,021
1,388,432
Multiracial
161,324,789
471,619
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
1,001,367
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
57,061,431
Source:
State Rank
40
39
44
49
40
44
45
38
New Hampshire
Table 2

Race
U.S.
New Hampshire

Total
11,114,876,000
52,992,968
White
9,348,810,060
50,910,718
Black
951,491,757
433,511
American Indian
83,193,037
115,946
Asian
599,262,629
1,141,234
Multiracial
132,118,517
391,560
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
817,781
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
52,175,187
Source:
128
State Rank
39
39
44
49
40
44
45
38
New Hampshire
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S.
New Hampshire
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
9.6 47
White
11.0
9.1 45
Black
12.6 23.5 10
American Indian
15.5
15.3
20
Asian
18.9 21.7 21
Multiracial
22.1 20.4 38
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
22.4
24

Non
Hispanic
11.1
9.4
44
Source:
New Hampshire
Table 4
(percentage)

Source:
NEW HAMPSHIRE
U.S.
New Hampshire
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
96.1
95.6
Black
8.6
8.6
0.8
0.9
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.2
0.2
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.2
2.4
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.7
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
1.5
1.7
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
98.5
98.3
129
NEW JERSEY
New Jersey
Table 1
Race
U.S.
New Jersey

Total
12,417,820,630
429,670,775
White
10,376,652,411
340,474,503
Black
1,070,926,059
40,520,729
American Indian
96,112,351
1,374,069
Asian
712,805,021
42,992,541
Multiracial
161,324,789
4,308,932
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
43,677,915
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
385,992,860
State Rank
7
8
10
17
4
10
6
8

Source:
New Jersey
Table 2

Race
U.S.
New Jersey

Total
11,114,876,000
393,384,125
White
9,348,810,060
315,526,313
Black
951,491,757
36,827,645
American Indian
83,193,037
1,197,067
Asian
599,262,629
36,271,731
Multiracial
132,118,517
3,561,369
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
37,501,355
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
355,882,770
Source:
130
State Rank
7
8
10
17
4
10
6
8
New Jersey
NEW JERSEY
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S.
New Jersey
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 9.2 48
White
11.0 7.9 49
Black
12.6 10.0 47
American Indian
15.5
14.8
26
Asian
18.9 18.5 45
Multiracial
22.1 21.0 35
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
16.5
44

Non
Hispanic
11.1
8.5
49
Source:
New Jersey
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S.
New Jersey
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
80.2
79.2
Black
8.6
8.6
9.4
9.4
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.3
0.3
Asian
5.4
5.7
9.2
10.0
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.9
1.0
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
9.5
10.2
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
90.5
89.8
Source:
131
NEW MEXICO
New Mexico
Table 1
Race
U.S.
New Mexico

Total
12,417,820,630
70,656,825
White
10,376,652,411
62,790,575
Black
1,070,926,059
1,519,670
American Indian
96,112,351
3,851,151
Asian
712,805,021
1,450,439
Multiracial
161,324,789
1,044,989
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
22,850,975
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
47,805,851
State Rank
37
37
40
6
39
34
8
42

Source:
New Mexico
Table 2

Race
U.S.
New Mexico

Total
11,114,876,000
63,115,459
White
9,348,810,060
56,376,691
Black
951,491,757
1,260,170
American Indian
83,193,037
3,424,180
Asian
599,262,629
1,214,273
Multiracial
132,118,517
840,145
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
19,920,176
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
43,195,283
Source:
132
State Rank
37
37
40
6
39
34
8
41
New Mexico
Table 3
and State Rank

NEW MEXICO
U.S.
New Mexico
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 11.9 26
White
11.0 11.4 25
Black
12.6 20.6 13
American Indian
15.5
12.5
43
Asian
18.9 19.4 39
Multiracial
22.1 24.4 13
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
14.7
49
Non Hispanic
11.1
10.7
36

Source:
New Mexico
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S.
New Mexico
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
89.3
88.9
Black
8.6
8.6
2.0
2.2
American Indian
0.7
0.8
5.4
5.5
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.9
2.1
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.5
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
31.6
32.3
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
68.4
67.7
Source:
133
NEW YORK
New York
Table 1
Race
U.S.
New York

Total
12,417,820,630
904,092,493
White
10,376,652,411
720,524,074
Black
1,070,926,059
100,984,817
American Indian
96,112,351
5,250,528
Asian
712,805,021
65,967,343
Multiracial
161,324,789
11,365,731
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
90,907,501
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
813,184,992
Source:
State Rank
3
3
1
5
2
2
4
3
New York
Table 2

Race
U.S.
New York

Total
11,114,876,000
825,049,776
White
9,348,810,060
662,551,689
Black
951,491,757
91,987,118
American Indian
83,193,037
4,516,359
Asian
599,262,629
56,569,042
Multiracial
132,118,517
9,425,568
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
79,623,648
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
745,426,128
Source:
134
State Rank
3
3
1
5
2
2
4
2
New York
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S.
New York
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
9.6 46
White
11.0
8.7 46
Black
12.6
9.8 48
American Indian
15.5
16.3
14
Asian
18.9 16.6 48
Multiracial
22.1 20.6 37
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
14.2
50

Non
Hispanic
11.1
9.1
46
NEW YORK
Source:
New York
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S.
New York
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
80.3
79.7
Black
8.6
8.6
11.1
11.2
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.5
0.6
Asian
5.4
5.7
6.9
7.3
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.1
1.3
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
9.7
10.1
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
90.3
89.9
Source:
135
NORTH CAROLINA
North Carolina
Table 1
Race
U.S.
North Carolina

Total
12,417,820,630
339,536,093
White
10,376,652,411
273,662,994
Black
1,070,926,059
50,312,087
American Indian
96,112,351
3,053,840
Asian
712,805,021
9,427,361
Multiracial
161,324,789
3,079,811
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
14,953,750
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
324,582,343
Source:
State Rank
12
12
7
8
16
17
16
12
North Carolina
Table 2

Race
U.S.
North Carolina

Total
11,114,876,000
301,232,315
White
9,348,810,060
244,108,057
Black
951,491,757
44,367,626
American Indian
83,193,037
2,733,732
Asian
599,262,629
7,577,385
Multiracial
132,118,517
2,445,516
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
12,073,795
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
289,158,520
Source:
136
State Rank
12
12
7
8
16
18
16
12
North Carolina
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S.
North Carolina
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.7 16
White
11.0 12.1 18
Black
12.6 13.4 30
American Indian
15.5
11.7
48
Asian
18.9 24.4 8
Multiracial
22.1 25.9 8
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
23.9
21
Non Hispanic
11.1
12.3
16
Source:
North Carolina
NORTH CAROLINA
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S.
North Carolina
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
81.0
80.6
Black
8.6
8.6
14.7
14.8
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.9
0.9
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.5
2.8
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
0.9
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
4.0
4.4
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
96.0
95.6
Source:
137
NORTH DAKOTA
North Dakota
Table 1
Race
U.S.
North Dakota

Total
12,417,820,630
34,922,867
White
10,376,652,411
33,227,155
Black
1,070,926,059
258,829
American Indian
96,112,351
885,795
Asian
712,805,021
329,069
Multiracial
161,324,789
222,019
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
445,126
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
34,477,741
Source:
State Rank
48
45
48
29
48
50
49
47
North Dakota
Table 2

Race
U.S.
North Dakota

Total
11,114,876,000
26,224,707
White
9,348,810,060
25,012,737
Black
951,491,757
165,185
American Indian
83,193,037
663,134
Asian
599,262,629
230,426
Multiracial
132,118,517
153,226
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
284,940
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
25,939,767
Source:
138
State Rank
49
47
48
33
49
51
50
49
North Dakota
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S.
North Dakota
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 33.2 1
White
11.0 32.8 1
Black
12.6 56.7 1
American Indian
15.5
33.6
2
Asian
18.9 42.8 1
Multiracial
22.1 44.9 1
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
56.2
1
Non Hispanic
11.1
32.9
1
Source:
North Dakota
Table 4
(percentage)

Source:
NORTH DAKOTA
U.S.
North Dakota
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
95.4
95.1
Black
8.6
8.6
0.6
0.7
American Indian
0.7
0.8
2.5
2.5
Asian
5.4
5.7
0.9
0.9
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.6
0.6
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
1.1
1.3
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
98.9
98.7
139
OHIO
Ohio
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Ohio

Total
12,417,820,630
418,279,098
White
10,376,652,411
370,797,043
Black
1,070,926,059
33,171,172
American Indian
96,112,351
841,724
Asian
712,805,021
9,806,820
Multiracial
161,324,789
3,662,340
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
8,418,188
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
409,860,910
Source:
State Rank
8
7
13
31
15
13
21
7
Ohio
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Ohio

Total
11,114,876,000
375,818,274
White
9,348,810,060
334,319,537
Black
951,491,757
29,600,017
American Indian
83,193,037
733,052
Asian
599,262,629
8,137,050
Multiracial
132,118,517
3,028,618
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
6,897,242
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
368,921,032
Source:
140
State Rank
8
7
13
30
15
13
21
7
Ohio
Table 3
OHIO

and State Rank

U.S. Ohio
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 11.3 32
White
11.0 10.9 29
Black
12.6 12.1 39
American Indian
15.5
14.8
24
Asian
18.9 20.5 32
Multiracial
22.1 20.9 36
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
22.1
29
Non Hispanic
11.1
11.1
28
Source:
Ohio
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Ohio
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
89.0
Black
8.6
8.6
7.9
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.2
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.2
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
1.8
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
98.2
Source:
2013
100.0
88.6
7.9
0.2
2.3
0.9
2.0
98.0
141
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Oklahoma

Total
12,417,820,630
142,174,524
White
10,376,652,411
118,553,789
Black
1,070,926,059
7,047,036
American Indian
96,112,351
8,706,280
Asian
712,805,021
3,036,578
Multiracial
161,324,789
4,830,840
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
7,356,032
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
134,818,492
State Rank
28
29
29
2
28
8
23
28

Source:
Oklahoma
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Oklahoma

Total
11,114,876,000
123,031,494
White
9,348,810,060
103,042,912
Black
951,491,757
6,076,856
American Indian
83,193,037
7,503,451
Asian
599,262,629
2,439,715
Multiracial
132,118,517
3,968,559
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
5,725,425
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
117,306,069
Source:
142
State Rank
29
29
29
2
28
8
25
28
Oklahoma
Table 3
and State Rank

OKLAHOMA
U.S. Oklahoma
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 15.6 5
White
11.0 15.1 7
Black
12.6 16.0 20
American Indian
15.5
16.0
15
Asian
18.9 24.5 7
Multiracial
22.1 21.7 32
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
28.5
4
Non
Hispanic
11.1
14.9
5

Source:
Oklahoma
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Oklahoma
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
83.8
Black
8.6
8.6
4.9
American Indian
0.7
0.8
6.1
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.0
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
3.2
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
4.7
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
95.3
Source:
2013
100.0
83.4
5.0
6.1
2.1
3.4
5.2
94.8
143
OREGON
Oregon
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Oregon

Total
12,417,820,630
139,489,523
White
10,376,652,411
127,516,460
Black
1,070,926,059
1,935,737
American Indian
96,112,351
1,438,749
Asian
712,805,021
5,950,914
Multiracial
161,324,789
2,647,663
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
8,631,164
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
130,858,359
State Rank
29
27
37
14
22
20
20
29

Source:
Oregon
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Oregon

Total
11,114,876,000
123,979,258
White
9,348,810,060
113,894,519
Black
951,491,757
1,656,006
American Indian
83,193,037
1,259,056
Asian
599,262,629
4,996,069
Multiracial
132,118,517
2,173,607
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
7,093,347
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
116,885,911
Source:
144
State Rank
28
27
37
14
22
20
20
29
Oregon
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Oregon
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.5 19
White
11.0 12.0 19
Black
12.6 16.9 18
American Indian
15.5
14.3
33
Asian
18.9 19.1 41
Multiracial
22.1 21.8 30
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
21.7
33
Non Hispanic
11.1
12.0
19
OREGON
Source:
Oregon
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Oregon
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
91.9
91.4
Black
8.6
8.6
1.3
1.4
American Indian
0.7
0.8
1.0
1.0
Asian
5.4
5.7
4.0
4.3
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.8
1.9
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
5.7
6.2
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
94.3
93.8
Source:
145
PENNSYLVANIA
Pennsylvania
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Pennsylvania

Total
12,417,820,630
512,850,252
White
10,376,652,411
454,706,388
Black
1,070,926,059
36,202,245
American Indian
96,112,351
1,053,451
Asian
712,805,021
16,966,050
Multiracial
161,324,789
3,922,119
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
16,755,470
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
496,094,782
Source:
State Rank
6
5
11
24
12
11
13
5
Pennsylvania
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Pennsylvania

Total
11,114,876,000
462,742,614
White
9,348,810,060
412,541,540
Black
951,491,757
32,180,082
American Indian
83,193,037
905,377
Asian
599,262,629
13,945,904
Multiracial
132,118,517
3,169,711
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
13,461,666
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
449,280,948
Source:
146
State Rank
6
5
11
24
12
11
13
5
Pennsylvania
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Pennsylvania
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 10.8 38
White
11.0 10.2 37
Black
12.6 12.5 35
American Indian
15.5
16.4
13
Asian
18.9 21.7 22
Multiracial
22.1 23.7 18
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
24.5
17

Non
Hispanic
11.1
10.4
37
Source:
Pennsylvania
Table 4
PENNSYLVANIA

(percentage)

U.S. Pennsylvania
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
89.2
88.7
Black
8.6
8.6
7.0
7.1
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.2
0.2
Asian
5.4
5.7
3.0
3.3
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.7
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
2.9
3.3
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
97.1
96.7
Source:
147
RHODE ISLAND
Rhode Island
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Rhode Island

Total
12,417,820,630
43,838,895
White
10,376,652,411
40,152,780
Black
1,070,926,059
1,865,964
American Indian
96,112,351
174,003
Asian
712,805,021
1,044,692
Multiracial
161,324,789
601,455
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
2,705,754
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
41,133,142
Source:
State Rank
44
42
38
47
43
41
40
43
Rhode Island
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Rhode Island

Total
11,114,876,000
40,155,664
White
9,348,810,060
36,974,209
Black
951,491,757
1,630,895
American Indian
83,193,037
153,982
Asian
599,262,629
902,503
Multiracial
132,118,517
494,076
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
2,268,197
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
37,887,467
Source:
148
State Rank
43
42
38
47
42
40
39
43
Rhode Island
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S.
Rhode Island
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
9.2 49
White
11.0
8.6 47
Black
12.6 14.4 25
American Indian
15.5
13.0
40
Asian
18.9 15.8 49
Multiracial
22.1 21.7 31
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
19.3
39
Non Hispanic
11.1
8.6
48
Source:
Rhode Island
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S.
Rhode Island
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
92.1
91.6
Black
8.6
8.6
4.1
4.3
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.2
2.4
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.4
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
5.6
6.2
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
94.4
93.8
Source:
RHODE ISLAND
149
SOUTH CAROLINA
South Carolina
Table 1
Race
U.S.
South Carolina

Total
12,417,820,630
154,548,455
White
10,376,652,411
122,671,387
Black
1,070,926,059
27,318,849
American Indian
96,112,351
673,118
Asian
712,805,021
2,772,509
Multiracial
161,324,789
1,112,591
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
4,911,167
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
149,637,287
State Rank
26
28
16
35
30
32
31
26

Source:
South Carolina
Table 2

Race
U.S.
South Carolina

Total
11,114,876,000
137,802,192
White
9,348,810,060
109,417,643
Black
951,491,757
24,633,034
American Indian
83,193,037
590,138
Asian
599,262,629
2,264,187
Multiracial
132,118,517
897,188
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
3,873,318
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
133,928,874
Source:
150
State Rank
26
28
16
35
30
32
31
26
South Carolina
SOUTH CAROLINA
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S.
South Carolina
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.2 23
White
11.0 12.1 17
Black
12.6 10.9 44
American Indian
15.5
14.1
34
Asian
18.9 22.5 17
Multiracial
22.1 24.0 16
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
26.8
8
Non Hispanic
11.1
11.7
22
Source:
South Carolina
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S.
South Carolina
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
79.4
79.4
Black
8.6
8.6
17.9
17.7
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.6
1.8
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.7
0.7
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
2.8
3.2
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
97.2
96.8
Source:
151
SOUTH DAKOTA
South Dakota
Table 1
Race
U.S.
South Dakota

Total
12,417,820,630
35,557,043
White
10,376,652,411
33,372,218
Black
1,070,926,059
298,356
American Indian
96,112,351
1,240,897
Asian
712,805,021
342,976
Multiracial
161,324,789
302,596
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
575,868
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
34,981,175
State Rank
45
44
46
20
47
48
48
45

Source:
South Dakota
Table 2

Race
U.S.
South Dakota

Total
11,114,876,000
30,179,966
White
9,348,810,060
28,419,170
Black
951,491,757
212,885
American Indian
83,193,037
1,057,173
Asian
599,262,629
256,769
Multiracial
132,118,517
233,968
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
421,200
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
29,758,766
Source:
152
State Rank
47
44
46
20
47
48
48
47
South Dakota
Table 3
and State Rank

Source:
SOUTH DAKOTA
U.S.
South Dakota
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 17.8 2
White
11.0 17.4 2
Black
12.6 40.1 3
American Indian
15.5
17.4
8
Asian
18.9 33.6 2
Multiracial
22.1 29.3 3
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
36.7
2

Non
Hispanic
11.1
17.5
2
South Dakota
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S.
South Dakota
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
94.2
93.9
Black
8.6
8.6
0.7
0.8
American Indian
0.7
0.8
3.5
3.5
Asian
5.4
5.7
0.9
1.0
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
0.9
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
1.4
1.6
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
98.6
98.4
Source:
153
TENNESSEE
Tennessee
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Tennessee

Total
12,417,820,630
234,725,466
White
10,376,652,411
200,381,879
Black
1,070,926,059
26,937,149
American Indian
96,112,351
764,201
Asian
712,805,021
4,668,469
Multiracial
161,324,789
1,973,769
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
6,654,596
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
228,070,871
State Rank
16
17
17
33
24
24
26
16

Source:
Tennessee
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Tennessee

Total
11,114,876,000
209,151,593
White
9,348,810,060
179,225,251
Black
951,491,757
23,830,938
American Indian
83,193,037
670,618
Asian
599,262,629
3,808,909
Multiracial
132,118,517
1,615,877
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
5,217,831
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
203,933,762
Source:
154
State Rank
16
18
17
32
25
24
28
16
Tennessee
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Tennessee
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.2 21
White
11.0 11.8 22
Black
12.6 13.0 33
American Indian
15.5
14.0
35
Asian
18.9 22.6 14
Multiracial
22.1 22.1 28
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
27.5
6

Non
Hispanic
11.1
11.8
21
TENNESSEE
Source:
Tennessee
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Tennessee
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
85.7
85.4
Black
8.6
8.6
11.4
11.5
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.3
0.3
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.8
2.0
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
2.5
2.8
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
97.5
97.2
Source:
155
TEXAS
Texas
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Texas

Total
12,417,820,630
1,038,131,025
White
10,376,652,411
876,338,086
Black
1,070,926,059
91,720,298
American Indian
96,112,351
8,180,947
Asian
712,805,021
50,688,140
Multiracial
161,324,789
11,203,554
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
224,327,963
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
813,803,063
State Rank
2
2
2
3
3
3
2
2

Source:
Texas
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Texas

Total
11,114,876,000
891,469,005
White
9,348,810,060
758,006,525
Black
951,491,757
77,662,361
American Indian
83,193,037
6,738,195
Asian
599,262,629
40,480,514
Multiracial
132,118,517
8,581,409
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
185,619,331
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
705,849,674
Source:
156
State Rank
2
2
2
3
3
3
2
3
Texas
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Texas
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 16.5 3
White
11.0 15.6 6
Black
12.6 18.1 15
American Indian
15.5
21.4
3
Asian
18.9 25.2 6
Multiracial
22.1 30.6 2
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
20.9
37
Non Hispanic
11.1
15.3
4
Source:
Texas
Table 4
TEXAS

(percentage)

U.S. Texas
Race
2010
2013
2010

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
85.0
Black
8.6
8.6
8.7
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.8
Asian
5.4
5.7
4.5
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.0
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
20.8
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
79.2
Source:
2013
100.0
84.4
8.8
0.8
4.9
1.1
21.6
78.4
157
UTAH
Utah
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Utah

Total
12,417,820,630
94,114,297
White
10,376,652,411
89,089,512
Black
1,070,926,059
680,526
American Indian
96,112,351
829,976
Asian
712,805,021
2,560,085
Multiracial
161,324,789
954,198
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
7,220,565
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
86,893,732
Source:
State Rank
35
32
43
32
32
35
24
34
Utah
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Utah

Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
Source:
158
11,114,876,000
9,348,810,060
951,491,757
83,193,037
599,262,629
132,118,517
1,004,120,101
10,110,755,899
81,699,716
77,567,457
560,758
715,727
2,103,601
752,173
5,904,349
75,795,367
State Rank
35
32
43
31
32
36
23
34
Utah
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Utah
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 15.2 6
White
11.0 14.9 8
Black
12.6 21.4 11
American Indian
15.5
16.0
16
Asian
18.9 21.7 20
Multiracial
22.1 26.9 7
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
22.3
25
Non Hispanic
11.1
14.6
6
Source:
Utah
Table 4
(percentage)
U.S. Utah
Race
2010
2013
2010

2013
Total
White
Black
American Indian
Asian
Multiracial
Hispanic/ Latino
Non Hispanic
100.0
94.7
0.7
0.9
2.7
1.0
7.7
92.3
Source:
100.0
84.1
8.6
0.7
5.4
1.2
9.0
91.0
100.0
83.6
8.6
0.8
5.7
1.3
9.6
90.4
100.0
94.9
0.7
0.9
2.6
0.9
7.2
92.8
UTAH
159
VERMONT
Vermont
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Vermont

Total
12,417,820,630
25,384,304
White
10,376,652,411
24,712,053
Black
1,070,926,059
163,593
American Indian
96,112,351
78,705
Asian
712,805,021
219,461
Multiracial
161,324,789
210,493
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
314,161
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
25,070,143
Source:
State Rank
51
50
50
51
50
51
51
51
Vermont
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Vermont

Total
11,114,876,000
22,816,703
White
9,348,810,060
22,263,743
Black
951,491,757
125,798
American Indian
83,193,037
68,832
Asian
599,262,629
181,417
Multiracial
132,118,517
176,914
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
250,257
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
22,566,446
Source:
160
State Rank
51
50
50
51
50
50
51
50
Vermont
Table 3
VERMONT

and State Rank

U.S. Vermont
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 11.3 33
White
11.0 11.0 28
Black
12.6 30.0 7
American Indian
15.5
14.3
31
Asian
18.9 21.0 28
Multiracial
22.1 19.0 45
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
25.5
13
Non Hispanic
11.1
11.1
29
Source:
Vermont
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Vermont
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
97.6
97.4
Black
8.6
8.6
0.6
0.6
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.3
0.3
Asian
5.4
5.7
0.8
0.9
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
0.8
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
1.1
1.2
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
98.9
98.8
Source:
161
VIRGINIA
Virginia
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Virginia

Total
12,417,820,630
354,454,657
White
10,376,652,411
278,575,874
Black
1,070,926,059
45,987,723
American Indian
96,112,351
1,294,417
Asian
712,805,021
23,366,638
Multiracial
161,324,789
5,230,004
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
19,806,550
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
334,648,107
State Rank
9
11
9
19
8
7
10
9

Source:
Virginia
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Virginia

Total
11,114,876,000
316,000,887
White
9,348,810,060
250,585,960
Black
951,491,757
40,991,899
American Indian
83,193,037
1,127,557
Asian
599,262,629
19,080,009
Multiracial
132,118,517
4,215,461
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
15,935,615
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
300,065,272
Source:
162
State Rank
9
11
9
19
8
7
10
10
Virginia
Table 3
and State Rank

Source:
VIRGINIA
U.S. Virginia
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 12.2 22
White
11.0 11.2 26
Black
12.6 12.2 36
American Indian
15.5
14.8
25
Asian
18.9 22.5 16
Multiracial
22.1 24.1 15
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
24.3
18

Non
Hispanic
11.1
11.5
25
Virginia
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Virginia
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
79.3
78.6
Black
8.6
8.6
13.0
13.0
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.4
0.4
Asian
5.4
5.7
6.0
6.6
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.5
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
5.0
5.6
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
95.0
94.4
Source:
163
WASHINGTON
Washington
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Washington

Total
12,417,820,630
297,864,439
White
10,376,652,411
255,907,218
Black
1,070,926,059
7,864,948
American Indian
96,112,351
3,313,318
Asian
712,805,021
24,154,777
Multiracial
161,324,789
6,624,178
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
17,527,465
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
280,336,974
Source:
State Rank
14
13
26
7
7
6
11
14
Washington
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Washington

Total
11,114,876,000
261,160,803
White
9,348,810,060
226,350,173
Black
951,491,757
6,680,841
American Indian
83,193,037
2,893,293
Asian
599,262,629
19,843,123
Multiracial
132,118,517
5,393,372
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
14,151,358
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
247,009,445
Source:
164
State Rank
14
13
26
7
7
6
11
14
Washington
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Washington
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 14.1 11
White
11.0 13.1 12
Black
12.6 17.7 17
American Indian
15.5
14.5
29
Asian
18.9 21.7 19
Multiracial
22.1 22.8 22
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
23.9
20
Non Hispanic
11.1
13.5
12
WASHINGTON
Source:
Washington
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Washington
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
86.7
85.9
Black
8.6
8.6
2.6
2.6
American Indian
0.7
0.8
1.1
1.1
Asian
5.4
5.7
7.6
8.1
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
2.1
2.2
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
5.4
5.9
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
94.6
94.1
Source:
165
WEST VIRGINIA
West Virginia
Table 1
Race
U.S.
West Virginia

Total
12,417,820,630
60,246,053
White
10,376,652,411
57,385,835
Black
1,070,926,059
1,560,755
American Indian
96,112,351
109,336
Asian
712,805,021
770,134
Multiracial
161,324,789
419,993
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
604,295
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
59,641,757
State Rank
38
38
39
50
44
45
47
37

Source:
West Virginia
Table 2

Race
U.S.
West Virginia

Total
11,114,876,000
54,190,097
White
9,348,810,060
51,749,582
Black
951,491,757
1,353,613
American Indian
83,193,037
96,176
Asian
599,262,629
639,442
Multiracial
132,118,517
351,283
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
474,473
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
53,715,624
Source:
166
State Rank
38
38
39
50
44
45
47
37
West Virginia
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S.
West Virginia
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 11.2 35
White
11.0 10.9 30
Black
12.6 15.3 21
American Indian
15.5
13.7
37
Asian
18.9 20.4 33
Multiracial
22.1 19.6 41
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
27.4
7
Non Hispanic
11.1
11.0
30
Source:
West Virginia
Table 4
WEST VIRGINIA

(percentage)

U.S.
West Virginia
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
95.5
95.3
Black
8.6
8.6
2.5
2.6
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.2
0.2
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.2
1.3
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.6
0.7
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
0.9
1.0
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
99.1
99.0
Source:
167
WISCONSIN
Wisconsin
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Wisconsin

Total
12,417,820,630
214,565,296
White
10,376,652,411
199,912,862
Black
1,070,926,059
7,277,309
American Indian
96,112,351
1,381,025
Asian
712,805,021
4,583,050
Multiracial
161,324,789
1,411,050
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
7,043,644
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
207,521,652
State Rank
22
19
28
16
25
28
25
20

Source:
Wisconsin
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Wisconsin

Total
11,114,876,000
195,585,479
White
9,348,810,060
182,795,254
Black
951,491,757
6,526,018
American Indian
83,193,037
1,239,906
Asian
599,262,629
3,841,910
Multiracial
132,118,517
1,182,391
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
5,843,964
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
189,741,515
Source:
168
State Rank
21
16
27
16
24
28
24
20
Wisconsin
Table 3
and State Rank

U.S. Wisconsin
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7
9.7 44
White
11.0
9.4 42
Black
12.6 11.5 42
American Indian
15.5
11.4
49
Asian
18.9 19.3 40
Multiracial
22.1 19.3 44
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
20.5
38

Non
Hispanic
11.1
9.4
43

Source:
Wisconsin
Table 4
(percentage)

Source:
WISCONSIN
U.S. Wisconsin
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
93.5
93.2
Black
8.6
8.6
3.3
3.4
American Indian
0.7
0.8
0.6
0.6
Asian
5.4
5.7
2.0
2.1
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.6
0.7
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
3.0
3.3
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
97.0
96.7
169
WYOMING
Wyoming
Table 1
Race
U.S.
Wyoming

Total
12,417,820,630
26,708,754
White
10,376,652,411
25,576,246
Black
1,070,926,059
174,994
American Indian
96,112,351
414,947
Asian
712,805,021
303,072
Multiracial
161,324,789
239,495
Hispanic/ Latino
1,188,845,023
1,553,266
Non Hispanic
11,228,975,607
25,155,489
State Rank
50
49
49
40
49
49
43
50

Source:
Wyoming
Table 2

Race
U.S.
Wyoming

Total
11,114,876,000
23,377,274
White
9,348,810,060
22,458,646
Black
951,491,757
132,384
American Indian
83,193,037
353,448
Asian
599,262,629
237,068
Multiracial
132,118,517
195,727
Hispanic/ Latino
1,004,120,101
1,281,015
Non Hispanic
10,110,755,899
22,096,259
Source:
170
State Rank
50
49
49
41
48
49
43
51
Wyoming
Table 3
WYOMING

and State Rank

U.S. Wyoming
Race
2010-2013
2010-2013
State Rank

Total
11.7 14.3 8
White
11.0 13.9 9
Black
12.6 32.2 5
American Indian
15.5
17.4
7
Asian
18.9 27.8 3
Multiracial
22.1
22.4 26
Hispanic/ Latino
18.4
21.3
35

Non
Hispanic
11.1
13.8
8

Source:
Wyoming
Table 4
(percentage)

U.S. Wyoming
Race
2010
2013
2010
2013

Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
White
84.1
83.6
96.1
95.8
Black
8.6
8.6
0.6
0.7
American Indian
0.7
0.8
1.5
1.6
Asian
5.4
5.7
1.0
1.1
Multiracial
1.2
1.3
0.8
0.9
Hispanic/ Latino
9.0
9.6
5.5
5.8
Non Hispanic
91.0
90.4
94.5
94.2
Source:
171
172

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Multicultural Economy 2013

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THE

Selig Center for Economic Growth

For more information on the Selig Center,

The Multicultural Economy

The Multicultural Economy

he Selig Centers estimates and projections of buying

Total Buying Power Statistics

The Multicultural Economy

Buying Power Statistics by Race

n Black Buying Power n

n 2013, African Americans will constitute the nations largest racial

Selig Center for Economic Growth

The Multicultural Dollar

Where Blacks Spend More

of whites and 51 percent of Asians. Nonetheless, the percentage of

The Multicultural Economy

n Native American Buying Power n

Selig Center for Economic Growth

the 34 percent increase in the receipts of all U.S. firms.

n Asian Buying Power n

n 2013, over 17 million Americans5.2 percent of the countrys

market already outshines the entire economies of all but twenty-two

The Multicultural Dollar

base of 11.2 million. This 55.9 percent gain in population exceeds

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

n Hispanic Buying Power n

he immense buying power of the nations Hispanic consumers

The Multicultural Dollar

of origin, and the composition of the nations Hispanic population

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

Percentage Change in Buying Power

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

The Multicultural Economy

Selig Center for Economic Growth

1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States 89.4 86.7 84.1 83.6 82.5

The Multicultural Economy

1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States 7.5 8.2 8.6 8.6 8.8

Selig Center for Economic Growth

1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

United States 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8

The Multicultural Economy

1990 2000 2010 2013 2018

Selig Center for Economic Growth

2010 2013 2018