How to Plan for

Workplace Emergencies
and Evacuations
U.S. Department of Labor
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OSHA 3088
2001 (Revised)
This booklet provides a generic overview of a standards-
related topic. This publication does not alter or determine
compliance responsibilities, which are described in the
OSHA standards and the Occupational Safety and
Health Act. Because interpretations and enforcement
policy may change over time, the best sources for
additional guidance on OSHA compliance requirements
are current administrative interpretations and decisions
by the Occupational Safety and Health Review
Commission and the courts. This publication is in the
public domain and may be reproduced fully or partially
without permission. Source credit is requested but not
required.
OSHA will make this information available to sensory
impaired individuals upon request. Call (202) 693-1999.
How to Plan for
Workplace Emergencies
and Evacuations
U.S. Department of Labor
Elaine L. Chao, Secretary
John L. Henshaw, Assistant Secretary
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
OSHA 3088
2001 (Revised)
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
W hat is a workplace emergency? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
H ow do you prot ect yourself, your employees, and your business? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
W hat is an emergency act ion plan? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
W hat should your emergency act ion plan include? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
H ow do you alert employees t o an emergency? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
H ow do you develop an evacuat ion policy and procedures? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Under what condit ions should you call for an evacuat ion? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
W hat is t he role of coordinat ors and evacuat ion wardens during an emergency? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
H ow do you est ablish evacuat ion rout es and exit s? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
H ow do you account for employees aft er an evacuat ion? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
H ow should you plan for rescue operat ions? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
W hat medical assist ance should you provide during an emergency? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
W hat role should employees play in your emergency act ion plan? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
W hat employee informat ion should your plan include? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
W hat t ype of t raining do your employees need? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
H ow oft en do you need t o t rain your employees? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
W hat does your plan need t o include about hazardous subst ances? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
W hat special equipment should you provide for emergencies? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
H ow do you choose appropriat e respirat ors and ot her equipment ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
W ho should you coordinat e wit h when draft ing your emergency act ion plan? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
W hat are O SH A s requirement s for emergencies? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
W hat ot her O SH A st andards address emergency planning requirement s? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
W hat assist ance does O SH A provide? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
W hat educat ion and t raining does O SH A offer? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
W hat ot her publicat ions does O SH A offer? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
W hat elect ronic services does O SH A provide? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
W hat free onsit e consult at ion does O SH A provide? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
W hat are t he Volunt ary Prot ect ion Programs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
W hat part nership opport unit ies does O SH A provide? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
W hat is t he value of a good safet y and healt h program? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
W hat is t he role of st at e programs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
W hat ot her groups or associat ions can help me? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
A ppendices:
1 . O SH A Regional and A rea O ffice Direct ory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2 . O SH A -A pproved Safet y and H ealt h Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
3 . O SH A Consult at ion O ffices. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Contents Page
v
1
N
obody expect s an emergency or disast er especially one t hat
affect s t hem, t heir employees, and t heir business personally.
Yet t he simple t rut h is t hat emergencies and disast ers can st rike
anyone, anyt ime, and anywhere. You and your employees could
be forced t o evacuat e your company when you least expect it .
This booklet is designed t o help you, t he employer, plan for t hat
possibilit y. The best way t o prot ect yourself, your workers, and your
business is t o expect t he unexpect ed and develop a well-t hought -
out emergency act ion plan t o guide you when immediat e act ion is
necessary.
A
workplace emergency is an unforeseen sit uat ion t hat t hreat ens
your employees, cust omers, or t he public; disrupt s or shut s
down your operat ions; or causes physical or environment al damage.
Emergencies may be nat ural or manmade and include t he following:

Floods,

H urricanes,

Tornadoes,

Fires,

Toxic gas releases,

Chemical spills,

Radiological accidents,

Explosions,

Civil dist urbances, and

Workplace violence result ing in bodily harm and t rauma.

T
he best way is t o prepare t o respond t o an emergency before
it happens. Few people can t hink clearly and logically in a crisis,
so it is import ant t o do so in advance, when you have t ime t o be
t horough.
Brainstorm the worst-case scenarios. A sk yourself what you would
do if t he worst happened. W hat if a fire broke out in your boiler
room? O r a hurricane hit your building head-on? O r a t rain carrying
hazardous wast e derailed while passing your loading dock? O nce
you have ident ified pot ent ial emergencies, consider how t hey would
affect you and your workers and how you would respond.
A
n emergency act ion plan covers designat ed act ions employers
and employees must t ake t o ensure employee safet y from fire
and ot her emergencies. N ot all employers are required t o est ablish
an emergency act ion plan. See t he flowchart on page 11 t o
det ermine if you are. Even if you are not specifically required t o do
so, compiling an emergency act ion plan is a good way t o prot ect
yourself, your employees, and your business during an emergency.
Put t ing t oget her a comprehensive emergency act ion plan t hat deals
wit h all t ypes of issues specific t o your worksit e is not difficult .
Introduction
What is a
workplace
emergency?
How do you
protect yourself,
your employees,
and your
business?
What is an
emergency action
plan?
2
You may find it beneficial t o include your management t eam and
employees in t he process. Explain your goal of prot ect ing lives and
propert y in t he event of an emergency, and ask for t heir help in
est ablishing and implement ing your emergency act ion plan. Their
commit ment and support are crit ical t o t he plan s success.
W
hen developing your emergency act ion plan, it s a good idea
t o look at a wide variet y of pot ent ial emergencies t hat could
occur in your workplace. It should be t ailored t o your worksit e and
include informat ion about all pot ent ial sources of emergencies.
Developing an emergency act ion plan means you should do a hazard
assessment t o det ermine what , if any, physical or chemical hazards in
your workplaces could cause an emergency. If you have more t han
one worksit e, each sit e should have an emergency act ion plan.
A t a minimum, your emergency action plan must include the
following:

A preferred met hod for report ing fires and ot her emergencies;

A n evacuat ion policy and procedure;

Emergency escape procedures and rout e assignment s, such as floor

plans, workplace maps, and safe or refuge areas;
What should
your emergency
action plan
include?

N ames, t it les, depart ment s, and t elephone numbers of individuals

bot h wit hin and out side your company t o cont act for addit ional
informat ion or explanat ion of dut ies and responsibilit ies under t he
emergency plan;

Procedures for employees who remain t o perform or shut down

critical plant operat ions, operat e fire ext inguishers, or perform
ot her essent ial services t hat cannot be shut down for every
emergency alarm before evacuat ing; and

Rescue and medical dut ies for any workers designat ed t o perform
t hem.
You also may want t o consider designat ing an assembly locat ion
and procedures t o account for all employees aft er an evacuat ion.
AID
FIRST
AID
FIRST
3
In addition, although they are not specifically required by O SH A ,
you may find it helpful to include in your plan the following:

The sit e of an alt ernat ive communicat ions cent er t o be used in t he

event of a fire or explosion; and

A secure on- or offsit e locat ion t o st ore originals or duplicat e

copies of account ing records, legal document s, your employees
emergency cont act list s, and ot her essent ial records.
Y
our plan must include a way t o alert employees, including
disabled workers, t o evacuat e or t ake ot her act ion, and how t o
report emergencies, as required. A mong t he st eps you must t ake
are t he following:

M ake sure alarms are dist inct ive and recognized by all employees
as a signal t o evacuat e t he work area or perform act ions ident ified
in your plan;

M ake available an emergency communicat ions syst em such as a

public address syst em, port able radio unit , or ot her means t o
not ify employees of t he emergency and t o cont act local law
enforcement , t he fire depart ment , and ot hers; and

St ipulat e t hat alarms must be able t o be heard, seen, or ot herwise

perceived by everyone in t he workplace. You might want t o
consider providing an auxiliary power supply in t he event t hat
elect ricit y is shut off. ( 2 9 CFR 19 10 . 1 6 5 ( b) ( 2 ) offers more
informat ion on alarms. )
A lthough it is not specifically required by O SH A , you also may
want to consider the following:

Using t act ile devices t o alert employees who would not ot herwise
be able t o recognize an audible or visual alarm; and

Providing an updat ed list of key personnel such as t he plant

manager or physician, in order of priorit y, t o not ify in t he event of
an emergency during off-dut y hours.
A
disorganized evacuat ion can result in confusion, injury, and
propert y damage. That is why when developing your
emergency act ion plan it is import ant t o det ermine t he following:

Condit ions under which an evacuat ion would be necessary;

A clear chain of command and designat ion of t he person in your

business aut horized t o order an evacuat ion or shut down. You may
want t o designat e an evacuat ion warden t o assist ot hers in an
evacuat ion and t o account for personnel;

Specific evacuat ion procedures, including rout es and exit s. Post

t hese procedures where t hey are easily accessible t o all
employees;

Procedures for assist ing people wit h disabilit ies or who do not
speak English;

Designat ion of what , if any, employees will cont inue or shut down
critical operat ions during an evacuat ion. These people must be
How do you
develop an
evacuation policy
and procedures?
How do you
alert employees
to an
emergency?
4
capable of recognizing when t o abandon t he operat ion and
evacuat e t hemselves; and

A syst em for account ing for personnel following an evacuat ion.

Consider employees t ransport at ion needs for communit y-wide
evacuations.
I
n t he event of an emergency, local emergency officials may order
you t o evacuat e your premises. In some cases, t hey may inst ruct
you t o shut off t he wat er, gas, and elect ricit y. If you have access t o
radio or t elevision, list en t o newscast s t o keep informed and follow
what ever official orders you receive.
In ot her cases, a designat ed
person wit hin your business
should be responsible for making
t he decision t o evacuat e or shut
down operat ions. Prot ect ing t he
healt h and safet y of everyone in
t he facilit y should be t he first
priorit y. In t he event of a fire, an
immediat e evacuat ion t o a
predet ermined area away from
t he facilit y is t he best way t o
prot ect employees. O n t he ot her
hand, evacuat ing employees may
not be t he best response t o an
emergency such as a t oxic gas
release at a facilit y across t own
from your business.
The t ype of building you work in may be a fact or in your decision.
M ost buildings are vulnerable t o t he effect s of disast ers such as
t ornadoes, eart hquakes, floods, or explosions. The ext ent of t he
damage depends on t he t ype of emergency and t he building s
const ruct ion. M odern fact ories and office buildings, for example, are
framed in st eel and are st ruct urally more sound t han neighborhood
business premises may be. In a disast er such as a major eart hquake
or explosion, however, nearly every t ype of st ruct ure will be
affect ed. Some buildings will collapse and ot hers will be left wit h
weakened floors and walls.
W
hen draft ing your emergency act ion plan, you may wish t o
select a responsible individual t o lead and coordinat e your
emergency plan and evacuat ion. It is crit ical t hat employees know
who t he coordinat or is and underst and t hat person has t he aut horit y
t o make decisions during emergencies.
The coordinator should be responsible for the following:

A ssessing t he sit uat ion t o det ermine whet her an emergency exist s
requiring act ivat ion of your emergency procedures;

Supervising all effort s in t he area, including evacuat ing personnel;

Under what
conditions
should you call
for an
evacuation?
What is the
role of
coordinators
and evacuation
wardens
during an
emergency?
5

Coordinat ing out side emergency services, such as medical aid and
local fire depart ment s, and ensuring t hat t hey are available and
not ified when necessary; and

Direct ing t he shut down of plant operat ions when required.

You also may find it beneficial t o coordinat e t he act ion plan wit h
ot her employers when several employers share t he worksit e,
alt hough O SH A st andards do not specifically require t his.
In addit ion t o a coordinat or, you may want t o designat e evacuat ion
wardens t o help move employees from danger t o safe areas during
an emergency. G enerally, one warden for every 2 0 employees
should be adequat e, and t he appropriat e number of wardens should
be available at all t imes during working hours.
Employees designat ed t o assist in emergency evacuat ion procedures
should be t rained in t he complet e workplace layout and various
alt ernat ive escape rout es. A ll employees and t hose designat ed t o
assist in emergencies should be made aware of employees wit h
special needs who may require ext ra assist ance, how t o use t he
buddy syst em, and hazardous areas t o avoid during an emergency
evacuation.
W
hen preparing your emergency act ion plan, designat e primary
and secondary evacuat ion rout es and exit s. To t he ext ent
possible under t he condit ions, ensure t hat evacuat ion rout es and
emergency exit s meet t he following condit ions:

Clearly marked and well lit ;

W ide enough t o accommodat e t he number of evacuat ing

personnel;

Unobst ruct ed and clear of debris at all t imes; and

Unlikely t o expose evacuat ing personnel t o addit ional hazards.

If you prepare drawings t hat show evacuat ion rout es and exit s, post
t hem prominent ly for all employees t o see.
A
ccount ing for all employees following an evacuat ion is crit ical.
Confusion in t he assembly areas can lead t o delays in rescuing
anyone t rapped in t he building, or unnecessary and dangerous
search-and-rescue operat ions. To ensure t he fast est , most accurat e
account abilit y of your employees, you may want t o consider
including t hese st eps in your emergency act ion plan:

Designat e assembly areas where employees should gat her aft er

evacuating;

Take a head count aft er t he evacuat ion. Ident if y t he names and last
known locat ions of anyone not account ed for and pass t hem t o the
official in charge;

Est ablish a met hod for account ing for non-employees such as
suppliers and cust omers; and
How do you
account for
employees
after an
evacuation?
How do you
establish
evacuation
routes and
exits?
6

Est ablish procedures for furt her evacuat ion in case t he incident
expands. This may consist of sending employees home by normal
means or providing t hem wit h t ransport at ion t o an offsit e locat ion.
I
t t akes more t han just willing hands t o save lives. Unt rained
individuals may endanger t hemselves and t hose t hey are t rying t o
rescue. For t his reason, it is generally wise t o leave rescue work t o
t hose who are t rained, equipped, and cert ified t o conduct rescues.
If you have operat ions t hat t ake place in permit -required confined
spaces, you may want your emergency act ion plan t o include rescue
procedures t hat specifically address ent ry int o each confined space.
( See also O SH A Publicat ion 3 1 3 8 , Permit -Required Confined
Spaces, and t he N at ional Inst it ut e for O ccupat ional Safet y and
H ealth ( N IO SH ) Publication 8 0 -1 0 6 , Criteria for a Recommended
St andard. . . Working in Confined Spaces. )
I
f your company does not have a formal medical program, you may
want t o invest igat e ways t o provide medical and first -aid services.
If medical facilit ies are available near your worksit e, you can make
arrangement s for t hem t o handle emergency cases. Provide your
employees wit h a writ t en emergency medical procedure t o minimize
confusion during an emergency.
If an infirmary, clinic, or hospit al is not close t o your workplace,
ensure t hat onsit e person( s) have adequat e t raining in first aid. The
A merican Red Cross, some insurance providers, local safet y
councils, fire depart ment s, or ot her resources may be able t o
provide t his t raining. Treat ment of a serious injury should begin
wit hin 3 t o 4 minut es of t he accident .
Consult wit h a physician t o order appropriat e first -aid supplies for
emergencies. M edical personnel must be accessible t o provide
advice and consult at ion in resolving healt h problems t hat occur in t he
workplace. Est ablish a relat ionship wit h a local ambulance service so
t ransport at ion is readily available for emergencies.
T
he best emergency act ion plans include employees in t he
planning process, specify what employees should do during an
emergency, and ensure t hat employees receive proper t raining for
emergencies. W hen you include your employees in your planning,
encourage t hem t o offer suggest ions about pot ent ial hazards, worst -
case scenarios, and proper emergency responses. A ft er you develop
t he plan, review it wit h your employees t o make sure everyone
knows what t o do before, during and aft er an emergency.
Keep a copy of your emergency act ion plan in a convenient locat ion
where employees can get t o it , or provide all employees a copy. If
you have 10 or fewer employees, you may communicat e your plan
orally.
How should you
plan for rescue
operations?
What medical
assistance
should you
provide during
an emergency?
What role
should
employees play
in your
emergency
action plan?
7
I
n t he event of an emergency, it could be import ant t o have ready
access t o import ant personal informat ion about your employees.
This includes t heir home t elephone numbers, t he names and
t elephone numbers of t heir next of kin, and medical informat ion.
What employee
information
should your plan
include?
What type of
training do your
employees
need?
E
ducat e your employees about t he t ypes of emergencies t hat may
occur and t rain t hem in t he proper course of act ion. The size of
your workplace and workforce, processes used, mat erials handled,
and t he availabilit y of onsit e or out side resources will det ermine your
t raining requirement s. Be sure all your employees underst and t he
funct ion and element s of your emergency act ion plan, including
t ypes of pot ent ial emergencies, report ing procedures, alarm syst ems,
evacuat ion plans, and shut down procedures. Discuss any special
hazards you may have onsit e such as flammable mat erials, t oxic
chemicals, radioact ive sources, or wat er-react ive subst ances. Clearly
communicat e t o your employees who will be in charge during an
emergency t o minimize confusion.
G eneral training for your employees should address the following:

Individual roles and responsibilit ies;

Threat s, hazards, and prot ect ive act ions;

N ot ificat ion, warning, and communicat ions procedures;

M eans for locat ing family members in an emergency;

Emergency response procedures;

Evacuat ion, shelt er, and account abilit y procedures;

Locat ion and use of common emergency equipment ; and

Emergency shut down procedures.

You also may wish t o t rain your employees in first -aid procedures,
including prot ect ion against bloodborne pat hogens; respirat ory
prot ect ion, including use of an escape-only respirat or; and met hods
for prevent ing unaut horized access t o t he sit e.
O nce you have reviewed your emergency act ion plan wit h your
employees and everyone has had t he proper t raining, it is a good
idea t o hold pract ice drills as oft en as necessary t o keep employees
prepared. Include out side resources such as fire and police
depart ment s when possible. A ft er each drill, gat her management and
employees t o evaluat e t he effect iveness of t he drill. Ident ify t he
st rengt hs and weaknesses of your plan and work t o improve it .
8
R
eview your plan wit h all your employees and consider requiring
annual t raining in t he plan. A lso offer t raining when you do t he
following:

Develop your init ial plan;

H ire new employees;

Int roduce new equipment , mat erials, or processes int o t he

workplace t hat affect evacuat ion rout es;

Change t he layout or design of t he facilit y; and

Revise or updat e your emergency procedures.

N
o mat t er what kind of business you run, you could pot ent ially
face an emergency involving hazardous mat erials such as
flammable, explosive, t oxic, noxious, corrosive, biological,
oxidizable, or radioact ive subst ances.
The source of t he hazardous subst ances could be ext ernal, such as a
local chemical plant t hat cat ches on fire or an oil t ruck t hat overt urns
on a nearby freeway. The source may be wit hin your physical plant .
Regardless of t he source, t hese event s could have a direct impact on
your employees and your
business and should be
addressed by your emergency
act ion plan.
If you use or st ore hazardous
subst ances at your worksit e,
you face an increased risk of
an emergency involving
hazardous mat erials and should
address t his possibilit y in your emergency act ion plan. O SH A s
H azard Communication Standard ( 2 9 CFR 1 9 1 0 . 1 2 0 0 ) requires
employers who use hazardous chemicals t o invent ory t hem, keep t he
manufact urer-supplied M at erial Safet y Dat a Sheet s ( M SDSs) for
t hem in a place accessible t o workers, label cont ainers of t hese
chemicals wit h t heir hazards, and t rain employees in ways t o prot ect
t hemselves against t hose hazards. A good way t o st art is t o
det ermine from your hazardous chemical invent ory what hazardous
chemicals you use and t o gat her t he M SDSs for t he chemicals.
M SDSs describe t he hazards t hat a chemical may present , list t he
precaut ions t o t ake when handling, st oring, or using t he subst ance,
and out line emergency and first -aid procedures.
For specific informat ion on how t o respond t o emergencies involving
hazardous mat erials and hazardous wast e operat ions, refer t o 2 9
CFR, Part 1 9 1 0 . 1 2 0 ( q) and O SH A Publication 3 1 1 4 ,
H azardous Wast e and Emergency Response O perat ions. Bot h are
available online at www. osha. gov.
What does your
plan need to
include about
hazardous
substances?
How often do
you need to
train your
employees?
9
Y
our employees may need personal prot ect ive equipment t o
evacuat e during an emergency. Personal prot ect ive equipment
must be based on t he pot ent ial hazards in t he workplace. A ssess
your workplace t o det ermine pot ent ial hazards and t he appropriat e
cont rols and prot ect ive equipment for t hose hazards. Personal
prot ect ive equipment may include it ems such as t he following:

Safet y glasses, goggles,

or face shields for eye
protection;

H ard hat s and safet y

shoes for head and
foot prot ect ion;

Proper respirat ors;

Chemical suit s, gloves,

hoods, and boot s for
body prot ect ion from
chemicals;

Special body prot ect ion for abnormal environment al condit ions
such as ext reme t emperat ures; and

A ny ot her special equipment or warning devices necessary for

hazards unique t o your worksit e.
C
onsult wit h healt h and safet y professionals before making any
purchases. Respirat ors select ed should be appropriat e t o t he
hazards in your workplace, meet O SH A st andards crit eria, and be
cert ified by t he N at ional Inst it ut e for O ccupat ional Safet y and
H ealth.
Respirat ory prot ect ion may be necessary if your employees must
pass t hrough t oxic at mospheres of dust , mist s, gases, or vapors, or
t hrough oxygen-deficient areas while evacuat ing. There are four
basic cat egories of respirat ors for use in different condit ions. A ll
respirat ors must be N IO SH -cert ified under t he current 2 9 CFR
1 9 1 0 .1 3 4 . See also O SH A s Small Ent it y Compliance G uide for
Respirat ory Prot ect ion, 1 9 9 9 , online at www. osha. gov.
A
lt hough t here is no specific O SH A requirement t o do so,
you may find it useful t o coordinat e your effort s wit h any
ot her companies or employee groups in your building t o ensure t he
effect iveness of your plan. In addit ion, if you rely on assist ance from
local emergency responders such as t he fire depart ment , local
H A Z M A T t eams, or ot her out side responders, you may find it
useful t o coordinat e your emergency plans wit h t hese organizat ions.
This ensures t hat you are aware of t he capabilit ies of t hese out side
responders and t hat t hey know what you expect of t hem.
What special
equipment
should you
provide for
emergencies?
How do you
choose
appropriate
respirators
and other
equipment?
Who should you
coordinate with
when drafting
your emergency
action plan?
10
S
ome of t he key O SH A requirement s for emergencies can be
found in t he following sect ions of t he agency s G eneral Indust ry
O ccupat ional Safet y and H ealt h St andards ( 2 9 CFR 1 9 1 0 ) .
Subpart E M eans of Egress
1910 .37 M eans of egress
191 0 .38 Employee emergency plans and fire prevention plans
A ppendix M eans of egress
Subpart H H azardous M aterials
19 1 0 .119 Process safety management of highly hazardous chemicals
1910 .1 2 0 H azardous wast e operat ions and emergency response
Subpart I Personal Protective Equipment
1910.133 Eye and face prot ect ion
1910 .134 Respirat ory prot ect ion
1910 .135 O ccupat ional head prot ect ion
1910 .136 O ccupat ional foot prot ect ion
1910.138 H and prot ect ion
Subpart J G eneral Environmental Controls
1910.146 Permit -required confined spaces
1910 .147 Cont rol of hazardous energy sources
Subpart K M edical and First A id
1910 .151 M edical services and first aid
Subpart L Fire Protection
1910.155 -156 Fire prot ect ion and fire brigades
1910 .157 -163 Fire suppression equipment
1910 .164 Fire det ect ion syst ems
1910.165 Employee alarm syst ems
A ppendices A -E of Subpart L
Subpart R Special Industries, Electrical Power G eneration,
Transmission, and Distribution
Subpart Z Toxic and H azardous Substances
1910 .10 3 0 Bloodborne pat hogens
1910 .12 0 0 H azard communication
What are OSHAs
requirements for
emergencies?
11
I
n addit ion t o 2 9 CFR 1 9 1 0 . 3 8 ( a) , several ot her O SH A
st andards address emergency planning requirement s. These include
t he 2 9 CFR 1 9 1 0 . 1 2 0 ( q) , H azardous Wast e O perat ions and
Emergency Response; 2 9 CFR 1 9 1 0 . 1 5 6 , Fire Brigades; and 2 9
CFR 1 9 1 0 . 1 4 6 ( k) , Permit -Required Confined Spaces. The
O SH A Publicat ion 3 1 2 2 , Principal Emergency Response and
Preparedness Requirement s in O SH A St andards and G uidance for
Safet y and H ealt h Problems, provides a broad view of emergency
planning requirement s across O SH A st andards.
What other
OSHA standards
address
emergency
planning
requirements?
Standards That Refer to 1910.38(a) Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
and Additional Emergency Planning Procedures
Do you need an EAP
under 1910.38(a)?
Are you required
to comply with
1910.157
Portable Fire
Extinguishers?
If you have
a total
flooding
system
where the
extinguishing
agent's
concentrations
exceed levels
discussed in
1910.162(b)(5)
and (b)(6)...
If the
alarms or
devices
initiated by
fire detector
actuation are
delayed >30
seconds...
If all
employees
evacuate
and
none
provide
emergency
response...
Develop an EAP and
include procedures for
handling small releases,
plus you may be subject
to 1910.120(a), (p) and (q).
Develop an EAP and
address the delay in it.
Develop an EAP. Develop an EAP.
Develop an EAP and
comply with 1910.157 (c),
(e), (f), (g)(3) and (g)(4).
Develop an EAP and a
Fire Prevention Plan under
1910.38(b), plus you may
have to comply with
1910.157(e) and (f).
Develop an EAP. Develop an EAP.
If all of your
employees
evacuate
during a fire
emergency...
If some
employees
fight fires,
but others
evacuate
during a fire
emergency...
Are you required
to comply with
1910.120
Hazardous Waste
Operations and
Emergency
Response
paragraphs (1),
(p)(8), or (q)?
Are you required
to comply with
1910.272
Grain Handling
Facilities?
Do you use a
fixed fire
suppression
system?
Are you required
to comply with
1910.119
Process Safety
Management for
Highly Hazardous
Chemicals?
Are you required
to comply with
1910.1047
Ethylene Oxide,
1910.1050
Methylenedianiline,
or 1910.1051
1,3-Butadiene?
12
O SH A provides a wide range of references and services t o help
employers and employees improve workplace healt h and safet y and
comply wit h regulat ory requirement s. These include t he following:

Educat ion and t raining opport unit ies,

Publications,

Elect ronic services,

Free onsit e consult at ion services, and

Part icipat ion in t he Volunt ary Prot ect ion Programs.

To file a complaint , report an emergency, or seek O SH A advice,
assist ance, or product s, call 1 -8 0 0 -3 2 1 O SH A or your nearest
regional office, list ed in A ppendix 1 . The t elet ypewrit er ( TTY)
number is 1 -8 7 7 -8 8 9 -5 6 2 7 .
Informat ion on t hese and ot her O SH A programs and services is
post ed on t he agency websit e at www. osha. gov.
O SH A area offices offer a variet y of informat ion services including
publicat ions, audiovisual aids, t echnical advice, and speakers for
special engagement s.
In addit ion, O SH A s Training Inst it ut e in Des Plaines, IL, provides
basic and advanced courses in safet y and healt h for federal and st at e
compliance officers, st at e
consult ant s, federal agency
employees, and privat e-sect or
employers, employees, and t heir
representatives.
Due t o t he high demand for
O SH A Training Inst it ut e courses,
O SH A Training Institute
Educat ion Cent ers also offer t hem
at sit es t hroughout t he Unit ed
St at es. These cent ers are nonprofit colleges, universit ies, and ot her
organizat ions select ed t hrough a compet it ive process.
O SH A also provides grant s t o nonprofit organizat ions t o conduct
specialized workplace t raining and educat ion not available from ot her
sources. G rant s are awarded annually. Recipient s cont ribut e 2 0
percent of t he t ot al grant cost .
For more informat ion on grant s, t raining, and educat ion, cont act t he
O SH A Training Inst it ut e, O ffice of Training and Educat ion by mail
at 1 5 5 5 Times Drive, Des Plaines IL 6 0 0 1 8 ; by phone at
( 8 4 7 ) 2 9 7 -4 8 1 0 , or by fax at ( 8 4 7 ) 2 9 7 -4 8 7 4 .
What assistance
does OSHA
provide?
What education
and training
does OSHA
offer?
www.osha.gov
13
O SH A offers more t han 1 0 0 document s, including brochures, fact
sheet s, post ers, pocket cards, flyers, t echnical document s, and a
quart erly magazine. These document s are available online at
www. osha. gov or by calling ( 2 0 2 ) 6 9 3 -1 8 8 8 . A mong t he t it les
are t he following:

A ccess t o M edical and Exposure Records O SH A 3 1 1 0

A ll A bout O SH A O SH A 2 0 5 6

Chemical H azard Communicat ion O SH A 3 0 8 4

Consult at ion Services for t he Employer O SH A 3 0 4 7

Cont rolling Elect rical H azards O SH A 3 0 7 5

Employer Right s and Responsibilit ies Following an O SH A

Inspect ion O SH A 3 0 0 0

Employee Workplace Right s O SH A 3 0 2 1

H azardous Wast e and Emergency Response O SH A 3 1 1 4

Job H azard A nalysis O SH A 3 0 7 1

O SH A H andbook for Small Business O SH A 2 2 0 9

Personal Prot ect ive Equipment O SH A 3 0 7 7

Respirat or Prot ect ion O SH A 3 0 7 9

O SH A st andards, int erpret at ions, direct ives, and addit ional
informat ion are post ed on t he agency s websit e at www. osha. gov.
Visit s t o t he sit e cont inue t o increase, wit h nearly 1 . 4 million visit ors
using t he sit e each mont h for a t ot al of 2 3 million hit s.
A mong t he popular Int ernet offerings are elect ronic t ools t o help
small businesses underst and and comply wit h O SH A regulat ions and
promot e safet y and healt h in t heir workplaces. These e-Tools include
t he Expert A dvisors, int eract ive soft ware programs t hat help
businesses ident if y workplace hazards. By answering a few simple
quest ions on t heir comput er screens, employers get reliable answers
on how O SH A regulat ions apply t o t heir unique work sit es.
A not her popular Int ernet product is eCA TS, O SH A s elect ronic
Compliance A ssist ance Tools, which help businesses ident ify and
correct workplace hazards. A t ot ally new generat ion of e-Tools
coming soon will combine bot h decision t ree logic soft ware and
graphics, giving users enhanced capabilit ies and t he best of bot h
worlds.
In addit ion, a wide variet y of O SH A mat erials including st andards,
interpretations, directives, and more can be purchased on CD-RO M
from t he G overnment Print ing O ffice. To order, writ e t o
Superint endent of Document s, U. S. G overnment Print ing O ffice,
Washingt on, DC 2 0 4 0 2 . Specify O SH A Regulat ions, Document s
and Technical Informat ion on CD-RO M , ( O RDT) , S/ N 7 2 9 -
1 3 0 0 0 0 0 -5 . The price is $ 4 5 per year ( $ 5 7 .5 0 overseas) ; single
copy $ 17 ( $ 2 1 .2 5 overseas) .
What electronic
services does
OSHA provide?
What other
publications
does OSHA
offer?
14
T
he O SH A Consult at ion Service offers free onsit e safet y and
healt h consult at ion services t o help employers est ablish and
maint ain safe and healt hful workplaces. The service is funded largely
by O SH A and is delivered by professional safet y and healt h
consult ant s wit hin st at e government s. Developed primarily for smaller
employers wit h more hazardous operat ions, t he service includes an
appraisal of all mechanical syst ems, physical work pract ices,
environment al workplace hazards, and all aspect s of t he employer s
job safet y and healt h program.
The onsit e consult at ion program is separat e from O SH A s
inspect ion effort s. N o penalt ies are proposed or cit at ions issued for
safet y or healt h problems ident ified by an O SH A consult ant . The
service is confident ial. The employer s and firm s name, and any
informat ion about t he workplace, including any unsafe or unhealt hful
working condit ions t he consult ant ident ifies, are not report ed
rout inely t o t he O SH A inspect ion st aff. The employer, however, is
obligat ed t o correct any serious job safet y and healt h hazards
ident ified in a t imely manner, and commit s t o do so when
request ing t he service.
For more informat ion, see A ppendix 3 for a list of cont act
t elephone numbers.
T
he Volunt ary Prot ect ion Programs, or V PPs, recognize and
promot e effect ive safet y and healt h program management .
Companies in t he V PP have st rong safet y and healt h programs,
implement ed and managed cooperat ively by t heir management and
labor forces in cooperat ion wit h O SH A . Sit es approved for V PP s
t hree programs St ar, M erit , and Demonst rat ion meet and
maint ain rigorous st andards. Benefit s t o part icipant s include t he
following:

Lost -workday case rat es generally 6 0 t o 8 0 percent below

indust ry averages;

Reduced workers compensat ion and ot her injury- and illness-

relat ed cost s;

Improved employee mot ivat ion t o work safely, leading t o bet t er

quality and productivity;

Posit ive communit y recognit ion and int eract ion;

Furt her improvement and revit alizat ion of already good safet y and
healt h programs; and

Partnership with O SH A .
For more informat ion, cont act t he V PP manager in your O SH A
regional office, visit O SH A s websit e, or see A ppendix 1 for a list
of t elephone numbers.
What are the
Voluntary
Protection
Programs?
What free onsite
consultation
services does
OSHA provide?
15
O SH A has init iat ed part nerships wit h employers, employees, and
employee represent at ives in a wide range of indust ries t o encourage,
assist , and recognize effort s t o eliminat e workplace hazards.
Part icipant s work t oget her t o ident ify a common goal, develop plans
t o achieve it , and implement t hose plans in a cooperat ive way.
Part nerships can t ransform relat ionships bet ween O SH A and an
employer or ent ire indust ry. Former adversaries recognize t hat
working t oget her t o solve workplace safet y and healt h problems is t o
everyone s advant age.
For more informat ion, cont act your O SH A regional office. See
A ppendix 1 for a list of t elephone numbers.
A
good, effect ively managed worker safet y and healt h program
can be a big fact or in reducing work-relat ed injuries and
illnesses and t heir relat ed cost s. O SH A offers volunt ary guidelines
t o help employers and employees in workplaces it covers develop
effect ive safet y and healt h programs. Safet y and H ealt h Program
M anagement G uidelines ( Federal Register 5 4 ( 1 8 ) : 3 9 0 8 -3 9 1 6 ,
January 2 6 , 1 9 8 9 ) ident ifies four general element s crit ical t o a
successful safet y and healt h management program. These are:

M anagement leadership and employee involvement ;

A n analysis of worksit e hazards;

Use of hazard prevent ion and cont rol init iat ives; and

Safet y and healt h t raining.

These guidelines are post ed on t he O SH A websit e at
www. osha-slc. gov/ FedReg_osha_data/ FED1 9 8 9 0 1 2 6 . html. See
also O SH A s Safet y and H ealt h M anagement Syst ems eCA T at
www. osha-slc. gov/ SLTC/ safetyhealthecat/ index. html.
T
he O ccupat ional Safet y and H ealt h A ct of 1 9 7 0 encourages
st at es t o develop and operat e t heir own job safet y and healt h
plans. St at es t hat do so must adopt st andards and enforce
requirement s t hat are at least as effect ive as federal requirement s.
Twent y-four st at es and t wo t errit ories have adopt ed t heir own plans,
t hree of which cover only public employees. For more informat ion,
visit O SH A s websit e and see A ppendix 2 for a list ing of st at es and
t errit ories wit h approved plans.
V
arious organizat ions can provide you wit h safet y and healt h
informat ion t hat may help you in formulat ing your emergency
act ion plan. A few are list ed here.
Safety Data Sheets, G uides and M anuals

A IH A H ygienic G uide Series. A merican Indust rial H ygiene

A ssociat ion, 2 7 0 0 Prosperit y A venue, Fairfax, VA 2 2 0 3 1 .

A N SI St andards, Z 3 7 Series, A ccept able Concent rat ions of

Toxic Dust s and G ases. A merican N at ional St andards Inst it ut e,
1 1 West 4 2
nd
St reet , N ew York, N Y 1 0 0 3 6 .
What is the role
of state
programs?
What other
groups or
associations can
help me?
What
partnership
opportunities
does OSHA
provide?
What is the value
of a good safety
and health
program?
16

A STM St andards and Relat ed M at erial. A merican Societ y for

Test ing and M at erials, 1 9 1 6 Race St reet , Philadelphia, PA
1 9 1 0 3 .
Safety Standards and Specifications G roups

A merican N at ional St andards Inst it ut e, 1 1 West 4 2

nd
St reet ,
N ew York, N Y 1 0 0 3 6 . Coordinat es and administ ers t he federal
volunt ary st andardizat ion syst em in t he Unit ed St at es.

A merican Societ y for Test ing and M at erials, 1 9 1 6 Race St reet ,

Philadelphia, PA 1 9 1 0 3 . The world s largest source of volunt ary
consensus st andards for mat erials, product s, syst ems, and services.
Fire Protection O rganizations

Fact ory Insurance A ssociat ion, 8 5 Woodland St reet , H art ford,

CT 0 6 1 0 5 . Composed of capit al st ock insurance companies t hat
provide engineering, inspect ion, and loss-adjust ment services.

Fact ory M ut ual Syst em, 1 1 5 1 Bost on-Providence Turnpike,

N orwood, M A 0 2 0 6 2 . A n indust rial fire prot ect ion,
engineering, and inspect ion bureau est ablished by mut ual fire
insurance companies.

N at ional Fire Prot ect ion A ssociat ion, 4 7 0 Bat t erymarch Park,
Q uincy, M A 0 2 2 6 9 . A clearinghouse for informat ion on fire
prot ect ion and prevent ion as well as N FPA st andards.

Underwrit er Laborat ories, Inc. , 2 0 7 East O hio St reet , Chicago,

IL 6 0 6 1 1 . A nonprofit organizat ion t hat publishes annual list s of
manufact urers t hat provide product s meet ing appropriat e st andards.
17
A ppendix 1
O SH A Regional and A rea O ffice Directory
O SH A Regional O ffices
REG I O N I
( CT, * M E, M A , N H , RI, V T* )
JFK Federal Building, Room E3 4 0
Bost on, M A 0 2 2 0 3
( 6 1 7 ) 5 6 5 -9 8 6 0
REG I O N I I
( N J, * PR, * V I* )
2 0 1 Varick St reet , Room 6 7 0
N ew York, N Y 1 0 0 1 4
( 2 1 2 ) 3 3 7 -2 3 7 8
REG I O N I I I
( DE, DC, M D, * PA , * VA , * W V )
The Curt is Cent er
1 7 0 S. Independence M all West
Suit e 7 4 0 West
Philadelphia, PA 1 9 1 0 6 -3 3 0 9
( 2 1 5 ) 8 6 1 -4 9 0 0
REG I O N I V
( A L, FL, G A , KY, * M S, N C, * SC, * TN * )
A t lant a Federal Cent er
6 1 Forsyt h St reet , SW, Room 6 T5 0
A t lant a, G A 3 0 3 0 3
( 4 0 4 ) 5 6 2 -2 3 0 0
REG I O N V
( IL, IN , * M I, * M N , * O H , W I)
2 3 0 Sout h Dearborn St reet , Room 3 2 4 4
Chicago, IL 6 0 6 0 4
( 3 1 2 ) 3 5 3 -2 2 2 0
REG I O N VI
( A R, L A , N M , * O K, TX)
5 2 5 G riffin St reet , Room 6 0 2
Dallas, TX 7 5 2 0 2
( 2 1 4 ) 7 6 7 -4 7 3 1 or 4 7 3 6 x2 2 4
REG I O N VI I
( IA , * KS, M O , N E)
Cit y Cent er Square
1 1 0 0 M ain St reet , Suit e 8 0 0
Kansas Cit y, M O 6 4 1 0 5
( 8 1 6 ) 4 2 6 -5 8 6 1
REG IO N VIII
( CO , M T, N D, SD, UT, * W Y* )
1 9 9 9 Broadway, Suit e 1 6 9 0
Denver, CO 8 0 2 0 2 -5 7 1 6
( 3 0 3 ) 8 4 4 -1 6 0 0
Appendices
18
REG I O N I X
( A merican Samoa, A Z , * CA , * H I, N V * )
7 1 St evenson St reet , Room 4 2 0
San Francisco, CA 9 4 1 0 5
( 4 1 5 ) 9 7 5 -4 3 1 0
REG I O N X
( A K, * ID, O R, * WA * )
1 1 1 1 Third A venue, Suit e 7 1 5
Seat t le, WA 9 8 1 0 1 -3 2 1 2
( 2 0 6 ) 5 5 3 -5 9 3 0
* These st at es and t errit ories operat e t heir own O SH A -approved job
safet y and healt h programs ( Connect icut , N ew Jersey, and N ew York
plans cover public employees only) . St at es wit h approved programs
must have a st andard t hat is ident ical t o, or at least as effect ive as, t he
federal st andard.
O SH A A rea O ffices
Birmingham, A L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 5 ) 7 3 1 -1 5 3 4
M obile, A L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 3 4 ) 4 4 1 -6 1 3 1
A nchorage, A K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 0 7 ) 2 7 1 -5 1 5 2
Phoenix, A Z . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 2 ) 6 4 0 -2 3 4 8
Little Rock, A R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 1 ) 3 2 4 -6 2 9 1 ( 5 8 1 8 )
San Diego, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 9 ) 5 5 7 -5 9 0 9
Sacramento, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 1 6 ) 5 6 6 -7 4 7 1
Denver, CO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 0 3 ) 8 4 4 -5 2 8 5
Englewood, CO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 0 3 ) 8 4 3 -4 5 0 0
Bridgeport, CT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 3 ) 5 7 9 -5 5 8 1
H artford, CT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 6 0 ) 2 4 0 -3 1 5 2
W ilmington, DE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 0 2 ) 5 7 3 -6 5 1 8
Fort Lauderdale, FL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 5 4 ) 4 2 4 -0 2 4 2
Jacksonville, FL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 0 4 ) 2 3 2 -2 8 9 5
Tampa, FL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 1 3 ) 6 2 6 -1 1 7 7
Savannah, G A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 1 2 ) 6 5 2 -4 3 9 3
Smyrna, G A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 7 0 ) 9 8 4 -8 7 0 0
Tucker, G A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 7 0 ) 4 9 3 -6 6 4 4 / 6 7 4 2
Boise, ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 8 ) 3 2 1 -2 9 6 0
Calumet City, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 0 8 ) 8 9 1 -3 8 0 0
Des Plaines, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 4 7 ) 8 0 3 -4 8 0 0
Fairview H eights, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 8 ) 6 3 2 -8 6 1 2
N orth A urora, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 3 0 ) 8 9 6 -8 7 0 0
Peoria, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 0 9 ) 6 7 1 -7 0 3 3
Indianapolis, IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 1 7 ) 2 2 6 -7 2 9 0
Des M oines, IA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 5 ) 2 8 4 -4 7 9 4
W ichita, KS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 1 6 ) 2 6 9 -6 6 4 4
Frankfort, KY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 2 ) 2 2 7 -7 0 2 4
Baton Rouge, LA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 2 5 ) 3 8 9 -0 4 7 4 / 0 4 3 1
Bangor, M E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 7 ) 9 4 1 -8 1 7 7
Portland, M E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 7 ) 7 8 0 -3 1 7 8
A ugust, M E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 7 ) 6 2 2 -8 4 1 7
Linthicum, M D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 1 0 ) 8 6 5 -2 0 5 5 / 2 0 5 6
19
Braintree, M A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 7 ) 5 6 5 -6 9 2 4
M ethuen, M A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 7 ) 5 6 5 -8 1 1 0
Springfield, M A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 1 3 ) 7 8 5 -0 1 2 3
Lansing, M I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 7 ) 3 2 7 -0 9 0 4
M inneapolis, M N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 2 ) 6 6 4 -5 4 6 0
Jackson, M S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 1 ) 9 6 5 -4 6 0 6
Kansas City, M O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 1 6 ) 4 8 3 -9 5 3 1
St. Louis, M O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 1 4 ) 4 2 5 -4 2 8 9
Billings, M T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 0 6 ) 2 4 7 -7 4 9 4
Raleigh, N C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 1 9 ) 8 5 6 -4 7 7 0
O maha, N E . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 0 2 ) 2 2 1 -3 1 8 2
Carson City, N V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 7 5 ) 8 8 5 -6 9 6 3
Concord, N H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 3 ) 2 2 5 -1 6 2 9
A venel, N J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 3 2 ) 7 5 0 -3 2 7 0
H asbrouck H eights, N J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 1 ) 2 8 8 -1 7 0 0
M arlton, N J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 9 ) 7 5 7 -5 1 8 1
Parsippany, N J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 7 3 ) 2 6 3 -1 0 0 3
A lbuquerque, N M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 5 ) 2 4 8 -5 3 0 2
A lbany, N Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 8 ) 4 6 4 -4 3 3 8
Bayside, N Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 1 8 ) 2 7 9 -9 0 6 0
Bowmansville, N Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 1 6 ) 6 8 4 -3 8 9 1
N orth Syracuse, N Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 1 5 ) 4 5 1 -0 8 0 8
Tarrytown, N Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 1 4 ) 5 2 4 -7 5 1 0
Westbury, N Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 6 ) 3 3 4 -3 3 4 4
Bismark, N D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 0 1 ) 2 5 0 -4 5 2 1
Cincinnati, O H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 3 ) 8 4 1 -4 1 3 2
Cleveland, O H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 1 6 ) 5 2 2 -3 8 1 8
Columbus, O H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 4 ) 4 6 9 -5 5 8 2
Toledo, O H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 1 9 ) 2 5 9 -7 5 4 2
O klahoma City, O K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 0 5 ) 2 3 1 -5 3 5 1 / 5 3 8 9
Portland, O R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 3 ) 3 2 6 -2 2 5 1
A llentown, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 0 ) 7 7 6 -0 5 9 2
Erie, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 1 4 ) 8 3 3 -5 7 5 8
H arrisburg, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 1 7 ) 7 8 2 -3 9 0 2
Philadelphia, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 1 5 ) 5 9 7 -4 9 5 5
Pittsburgh, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 1 2 ) 3 9 5 -4 9 0 3
Wilkes-Barre, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 7 0 ) 8 2 6 -6 5 3 8
G uaynabo, PR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 8 7 ) 2 7 7 -1 5 6 0
Providence, RI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 0 1 ) 5 2 8 -4 6 6 9
Columbia, SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 6 5 -5 9 0 4
N ashville, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 5 ) 7 8 1 -5 4 2 3
A ustin, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 2 ) 9 1 6 -5 7 8 3 / 5 7 8 8
Corpus Christi, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 2 ) 8 8 8 -3 4 2 0
Dallas, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 1 4 ) 3 2 0 -2 4 0 0 / 2 5 5 8
El Paso, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 1 5 ) 5 3 4 -6 2 5 1
Fort Worth, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 1 7 ) 4 2 8 -2 4 7 0
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 8 5 -7 6 4 7 )
H ouston, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 8 1 ) 5 9 1 -2 4 3 8 / 2 7 8 7
H ouston, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 8 1 ) 2 8 6 -0 5 8 3 / 0 5 8 4
Lubbock, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 6 ) 4 7 2 -7 6 8 1 / 7 6 8 5
Salt Lake City, UT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 1 ) 5 3 0 -6 9 0 1
20
N orfolk, VA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 5 7 ) 4 4 1 -3 8 2 0
Bellevue, WA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 6 ) 5 5 3 -7 5 2 0
Charleston, W V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 0 4 ) 3 4 7 -5 9 3 7
A ppleton, W I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 2 0 ) 7 3 4 -4 5 2 1
Eau Claire, W I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 1 5 ) 8 3 2 -9 0 1 9
M adison, W I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 8 ) 2 6 4 -5 3 8 8
M ilwaukee, W I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 1 4 ) 2 9 7 -3 3 1 5
A ppendix 2
O SH A -A pproved Safety and H ealth Plans
Juneau, A K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 0 7 ) 4 6 5 -2 7 0 0
Phoenix, A Z . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 2 ) 5 4 2 -5 7 9 5
San Francisco, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 1 5 ) 7 0 3 -5 0 5 0
Wethersfield, CT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 6 0 ) 5 6 6 -5 1 2 3
H onolulu, H I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 8 ) 5 8 6 -8 8 4 4
Indianapolis, ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 1 7 ) 2 3 2 -2 3 7 8
Des M oines, IA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 5 ) 2 8 1 -3 4 4 7
Indianapolis, IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 1 7 ) 2 3 2 -3 3 2 5
Frankfort, KY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 2 ) 5 6 4 -3 0 7 0
Baltimore, M D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 1 0 ) 7 6 7 -2 2 1 5
Lansing, M I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 7 ) 3 7 3 -7 2 3 0
St. Paul, M N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 5 1 ) 2 9 6 -2 3 4 2
Raleigh, N C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 1 9 ) 8 0 7 -2 9 0 0
Trenton, N J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 9 ) 2 9 2 -2 9 7 5
Santa Fe, N M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 5 ) 8 2 7 -2 8 5 0
Carson City, N V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 7 5 ) 6 8 7 -3 0 3 2
A lbany, N Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 8 ) 4 5 7 -2 7 4 1
Salem, O R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 3 ) 3 7 8 -3 2 7 2
H ato Rey, PR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 8 7 ) 7 5 4 -2 1 1 9
Columbia, SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 3 ) 8 9 6 -4 3 0 0
N ashville, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 5 ) 7 4 1 -2 5 8 2
Salt Lake City, UT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 1 ) 5 3 0 -6 9 0 1
Richmond, VA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 4 ) 7 8 6 -2 3 7 7
Christiansted, St. Croix, V I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 4 0 ) 7 7 3 -1 9 9 0
M ontpelier V T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 2 ) 8 2 8 -2 2 8 8
O lympia, WA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 6 0 ) 9 0 2 -4 2 0 0
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 6 0 ) 9 0 2 -5 4 3 0
Cheyenne, WY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 0 7 ) 7 7 7 -7 7 8 6
A ppendix 3
O SH A Consultation O ffices
A nchorage, A K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 0 7 ) 2 6 9 -4 9 5 7
Tuscaloosa, A L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 5 ) 3 4 8 -3 0 3 3
Lit t le Rock, A R . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 1 ) 6 8 2 -4 5 2 2
Phoenix, A Z . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 2 ) 5 4 2 -1 6 9 5
Sacrament o, CA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 1 6 ) 5 7 4 -2 5 5 5
Fort Collins, CO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 7 0 ) 4 9 1 -6 1 5 1
Wet hersfield, CT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 6 0 ) 5 6 6 -4 5 5 0
Washington, DC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 2 ) 5 4 1 -3 7 2 7
W ilmington, DE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 0 2 ) 7 6 1 -8 2 1 9
21
Tampa, FL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 1 3 ) 9 7 4 -9 9 6 2
A t lant a, G A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 0 4 ) 8 9 4 -2 6 4 3
Tiyam, G U . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 -1 -( 6 7 1 ) 4 7 5 -1 1 0 1
H onolulu, H I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 8 ) 5 8 6 -9 1 0 0
Des M oines, IA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 5 ) 2 8 1 -7 6 2 9
Boise, ID . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 8 ) 4 2 6 -3 2 8 3
Chicago, IL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 1 2 ) 8 1 4 -2 3 3 7
Indianapolis, IN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 1 7 ) 2 3 2 -2 6 8 8
Topeka, KS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 8 5 ) 2 9 6 -7 4 7 6
Frankfort , KY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 2 ) 5 6 4 -6 8 9 5
Bat on Rouge, L A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 2 5 ) 3 4 2 -9 6 0 1
West N ewt on, M A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 7 ) 7 2 7 -3 9 8 2
Laurel, M D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 1 0 ) 8 8 0 -4 9 7 0
A ugust a, M E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 0 7 ) 6 2 4 -6 4 6 0
Lansing, M I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 7 ) 3 2 2 -1 8 0 9
Saint Paul, M N . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 5 1 ) 2 9 7 -2 3 9 3
Jefferson Cit y, M O . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 7 3 ) 7 5 1 -3 4 0 3
Jackson, M S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 1 ) 9 8 7 -3 9 8 1
H elena, M T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 0 6 ) 4 4 4 -6 4 1 8
Raleigh, N C . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 9 1 9 ) 8 0 7 -2 9 0 5
Bismarck, N D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 0 1 ) 3 2 8 -5 1 8 8
Lincoln, N E. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 0 2 ) 4 7 1 -4 7 1 7
Concord, N H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 3 ) 2 7 1 -2 0 2 4
Trent on, N J . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 9 ) 2 9 2 -3 9 2 3
Sant a Fe, N M . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 5 ) 8 2 7 -4 2 3 0
A lbany, N Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 8 ) 4 5 7 -2 2 3 8
H enderson, N V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 0 2 ) 4 8 6 -9 1 4 0
Columbus, O H . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 4 ) 6 4 4 -2 6 3 1
O klahoma Cit y, O K . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 0 5 ) 5 2 8 -1 5 0 0
Salem, O R. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 0 3 ) 3 7 8 -3 2 7 2
Indiana, PA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 2 4 ) 3 5 7 -2 3 9 6
H at o Rey, PR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 7 8 7 ) 7 5 4 -2 1 7 1
Providence, RI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 4 0 1 ) 2 2 2 -2 4 3 8
Columbia, SC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 3 ) 7 3 4 -9 6 1 4
Brookings, SD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 5 ) 6 8 8 -4 1 0 1
N ashville, TN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 1 5 ) 7 4 1 -7 0 3 6
A ust in, TX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 5 1 2 ) 8 0 4 -4 6 4 0
Salt Lake Cit y, UT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 1 ) 5 3 0 -6 9 0 1
M ont epilier, V T . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 2 ) 8 2 8 -2 7 6 5
Richmond, VA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 4 ) 7 8 6 -6 3 5 9
Christ ianst ed St . Croix, V I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 8 0 9 ) 7 7 2 -1 3 1 5
O lympia, WA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 6 0 ) 9 0 2 -5 6 3 8
M adison, W I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 6 0 8 ) 2 6 6 -9 3 8 3
Waukesha, W I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 2 6 2 ) 5 2 3 -3 0 4 4
Charleston, W V . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 0 4 ) 5 5 8 -7 8 9 0
Cheyenne, W Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( 3 0 7 ) 7 7 7 -7 7 8 6