1

Research
Paper in
Psychology

Student:
Musa, Marissa F.
BSEDEN I-1
Professor:
Mrs. Angeline Pabilona
2




Why
Minor Do
Crimes??
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Table of Contents
Title ..2
Acknowledgement 4
Introduction .5
Definition of Juvenile Delinquency and Categories of
Juvenile Delinquency.6-7
Types of Youth Behavior Disorders...............7-8
Causes of Behavioral Disorders..8
Factors which causes Juvenile Delinquency...9-10
General Prevention..10
Legal Basis for Parental Authority.....11
Rights of Parents ...11-12
Duties of Parents12-14
Autobiography ..15
References ...16






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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, I would like to thank my parents for giving me money, for me to rent a
computer in the internet caf and for allowing me to go in National Library to do
my research about Juvenile crime or delinquency. To my Sister Jane for giving
me idea of what research will I be search for. Thank you also for giving me
money my transportation cost and to buy some foods. Thank you to the drivers of
G-Liner for bringing me there safe and to his conductors for giving me the
directing where my path is. Thank you to the Security Guards of Rizal Park for
giving me the direction where can be found the National Library. Thanks to my
Brother Ariel for helping me to do my power point presentation. To my Brother
Gary for giving me the idea on how I am going to report this topic. Thanks to
Anna Dominique Santos for letting me to borrow her laptop for a while to finished
my written report. Special thanks to Mrs. Elenita Eurollen, Administrative Aide III
of San Juan Library for giving me the permission to brought home one of
Psychology Book. Thanks to the Staff or Librarians of National Library for
assisting me there because its my first time to went in huge and beautiful
Library. Last, but not the least, thanks to God for guiding me in the right way and
keeping me safe wherever I go.









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Introduction:

Juvenile delinquency is an anti-social act or behavior with differs from the
normal model of set of laws and parameters, culture, customs which
society in broad-spectrum does not conform. It refers to youth behavior
which is against norm and regulations of society, which if left unchecked
would give rise to criminality. Juvenile Crime is a terminology used to
generally denote various offenses committed by children or youths under
the age of 18.
When adolescents are asked directly, and confidentially, about law
breaking, almost all admit they are guilty of an offense. But most of the
time, they do not commit major crimes. Instead, they engage in petty
stealing, disorderly conduct, and acts that are illegal only for minors such
as underage drinking violating curfews, and running away from homes.
Both police arrests and self-reports show that delinquency rise over the
early teenage years, remains high during middle adolescents, and the
declines into young adulthood. Over time, peers become less influential,
moral reasoning matures, and young people enter social contexts (such as
marriage, work, and career) that are less conducive to law breaking.






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JUVENILE CRIME

Juvenile
1. Juvenile delinquents are children and adolescents who engage in illegal acts. It
does not tell us how many have committed offenses but their crimes are, and
whether many or just a few young people are responsible.
1

2. The term juvenile delinquency refers to a broad range of behavior (such as acting
out of school) to status offenses (such as running away) to criminal acts (such as
burglary).
2


Categories of Delinquent Youth
1. Accidental- less identifiable in personality and temperament, essentially a
law abiding citizen but happens to be at the wrong place at the wrong
time. This may be credited to peer presure or pure curiosity on the part of
the young person.
2. Asocial- children whose acts are manifested by vile, cruel and atrocious
acts and conducts for which they feel no remorse. Timely intervention is
necessary so as to prevent them from becoming ruthless criminals
capable of acts of violence and henous crimes.


1. Juvenile delinquents are children and adolescents who engage in illegal acts. It does
not tell us how many have committed offenses but their crimes are, and whether many
or just a few young people are responsible.
1
Henggeler, 1986
2. The term juvenile delinquency refers to a broad range of behavior (such as acting out
of school) to status offenses (such as running away) to criminal acts (such as burglary).

Quay,1987
3. Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright 2008)



7


3. Neurotic- the anti-social behavior of the youth is a direct result of internal
conflict and pre- occupation with his own emotion and mood. Theraphy
and counseling is necessary to control this type of delinquency, failure to
do so will be risky since this anti-social behavior makes the child prone to
commit serial crimes upon adulthood.
4. Social- refers to an aggressive teens who resets authority, whether be it
parent, school regulations or ordinances and laws passed by the proper
legislative authorities. The most common reason for such dislike is
focused to anyone who tries to control their conduct.


Types of Youth Behavior Disorders
Anti- social behavior- it may be best characterized by disobedience and
disrespect for authority.
Truancy- students failing to attend their classes for 20 days without
reasonable cause. This may be attributed to the schools proximity to
place of vices, unattractive school life, failing grades, strict and
unreasonable mentors, family and domestic problems, fear of school
bullies and fear of punishment.
Vagrancy- refers to children who are unable to cope with their family life
and choose to leave the family home. This is a direct result to Feeble-
mindedness, disagreeable home conditions, broken homes and
misdirected fancy for adventures.
Emotional disorder- such misbehaviors is related to fear reactions,
temper tantrums and jealousy reactions.
Lying- the penchant for not telling the truth clearly manifest that that
following are locking: love, attention, security, respect, praise, acceptance
and happiness.



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3. Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright
2008)

Stealing- this criminal act comes from loose morals in the home, lack of
economic security wherein the parents are unable to provide for the needs
of their children, undisciplined desire for possession and pleasure seeking
and indifference.


Cause of Behavioral Disorders
Predisposing Factors- internal propensities which may be considered as a
criminal act unless the attempt was made.
Precipitating Factors- refers to conditions and elements which provokes crimes
or factors such as personal problems, curiosity, ignorance, necessities and
diseases.


General Prevention
Comprehensive prevention plans should be instituted at every level of Government and
includes some of the following:
In depth analysis of problem and inventories of programs, services, facilities, and
resources available;
Machinery for the suitable co-ordination of prevention efforts between
governmental and non-governmental agencies;
Policies, programs and strategies based on analytical studies to be continuously
monitored and carefully appraised in the course of implementation.
Community participants through a wide range of services and programs;
Youth participation in delinquency prevention policies and processes, including
resources, youth self-help, and victim compensation and assistance programs.


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4. Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright
2008)

Factors which causes Juvenile Delinquency

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile crime center either on the individual or
on society as a major contributing influence. The theories focusing on the individual
suggest that the children engage in criminal behavior because they were not suitable
penalized for prior delinquent acts or that they have learned criminal behavior through
interaction with others.

Person who becomes socially estranged may be more prone to commit criminal
act.
Family consist of one-parent household or two working parents; as a result,
children are likely to have less supervision at home than was common in the
traditional family structure.

The ideal criteria for normal home include the following:

Structural completeness
Economic security
Cultural conformity
Moral conformity
Physical and psychological normality
Functional or emotional adequacy

The factors which may be lead to juvenile delinquency:
Faulty development of the child
Lack of parental guidance
Parental rejection
Broken homes
Lack of love
Unfair treatment

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5. Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright
2008)

Too harsh discipline by either or both of the parents
Parents indifference to the child


General Prevention
Comprehensive prevention plans should be instituted at every level of Government and
include the following:
a) In-depth analysis of the problem and interventories of programs, services,
facilities and resources available;
b) Well-defined responsibilities for qualified agencies, institutions and personnel
concerned in preventive efforts;
c) Machinery for the suitable co-ordination of prevention efforts between
governmental and non-governmental agencies;
d) Policies, programs and strategies based on analytical studies to the continuously
monitored and carefully appraised in the course of implementation;
e) Methods for effectively reducing the opportunity to commit delinquent acts;
f) Community participants through a wide range of services and programs;
g) Close interdisciplinary co-operation between national, State, provincial and local
governments, with the involvement of the private sector representative citizens
of the community to be served, and labor, child-care, health education, social,
law enforcement and judicial agencies in taking concerted action to prevent
juvenile delinquency and youth crime;
h) Youth participation in delinquency prevention policies and processes, including
recourse to community resources, youth self-help, and victim compensation and
assistance programs;
i) Specialized personnel at all levels.



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6. Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright
2008)


Legal Basis for Parental Authority (Art. 17-22 P.D. 603)
A. Joint Parental Authority- the parent shall exercise jointly just and reasonable
parental authority and responsibility over their legitimate or adopted children. In
case of disagreement, the fathers decision shall prevail unless there is a judicial
order to the contrary. In case of the absence or death of either parent, the
present or surviving parent shall continue to exercise parental authority over such
children, unless in case of surviving parents remarriage, the court, fo justifiable
reasons, appoints another person as guardian. In case of separation of his
parents, no child under Five years of age shall be separated from his mothe
unless the court finds compelling reasons to do so. (Art. 17, PD 603)
B. Grandparents- grandparents shall be consulted on important family questions
but they shall not interfere in the exercise of parental authority by the parents.
C. Absence or Death of Parent- grandparents and in their default, the oldest or
sister who is at least Eighteen years of age, or the relative who has actual
custody of the child, shall exercise parental authority in case of absence or death
of both parents, unless a guardian has been appointed in accordance with the
succeeding provision. (Art. 19)
D. Guardian- the court may, upon the death of parents and in cases mentioned in
Arts. 328 to 332 of the Civil Code appointed a guardian for the person and
property of the child, on petition of any relative or friend of the family or the
Department of Social Welfare. (Art. 20)
E. Dependent, Abandoned or Neglected Child- the dependent, abandoned or
neglected child shall be under the parental authority of a suitable or accredited
person or institution that is caring for him as provided for under the four
preceding articles, after the child has been declared abandoned by either the
court or the Department of Social Welfare. (Art. 21)
F. Transfer to the Department of Social Welfare- the dependent, abandoned or
neglected child may be transferred to the care of the DSWD or a duly licensed
child-caring institution or individual in accordance with Art. 142, 154 of this Code,
or upon the request of the person or institution exercising parental authority over
him.

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7. Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright
2008)
Rights of the Parents (Art. 46-57, PD. 603)
Primary Right of Parents- the parent shall have the right to the company of
their children and, in relation to all other persons or institutions dealing with the
childs development, the primary right and obligation to provide for their
upbringing.
Rights Under the Civil Code- parents shall continue to exercise the rights
mentioned in Art. 316 to 326 of the Civil Code over the person and property of
the child.
Right to Discipline Child- parents have the right to discipline the child as may
be necessary for the formation of his good character, and may therefore require
from him obedience to just and reasonable rules, suggestions and admonitions.


Duties of Parents (Art. 46-57, PD. 603)
1. General Duties of Parents to their Children:
a) To give him affection, companionship and understanding;
b) To extend to him the benefits of moral guidance, self-discipline and
religious instruction;
c) To supervise his activities, including his recreation;
d) To inculcate in him the value of industry, thrift and self-reliance;
e) To stimulate his interest in civic affairs, teach him the duties of citizenship,
and develop his commitment to his country;
f) To advise him properly on any matter affecting his development and well-
being;
g) To always set a good example;
h) To provide him with adequate support, as defined in Art. 290 of the Civil
Code; and
i) To administer his property if any, according to his best interests, subjects
to the provisions of Art. 320 of the Civil Code.
2. Family Affairs- whenever proper parents shall allow the child to participate in the
discussion of family affairs, especially in matters that particularly concern him. In
cases involving his discipline, the child shall be given a chance to present his
side.
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8. Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright
2008)

3. Winning Childs Confidence- parents shall endeavor to win the childs confidence
and to encourage him to conduct with them on his activities and problems.
4. Child Living Away from Home- if by reason of his studies or for other causes, a
child does not live with his parents, the latter shall communicate with him
regularly and visit him as often as possible. The parents shall see to it that the
child lives in a safe and wholesome place and under responsible adult care and
supervision.
5. Special Talents- parents shall endeavor to discover the childs talents or
aptitudes, if any, and to encourage and develop them. If the child is especially
gifted, his parents shall report this to the National Center for Gifted Children or to
other agencies concerned so that official assistance or recognition may be
extended to him.
6. Reading Habit- it should be cultivated in the home. Parent shall, whenever
possible, provide the child with the good and wholesome reading material, taking
into consideration his age and emotional development. They shall guard against
the introduction in the home of pornographic and other unwholesome
publications.
7. Association with other Children- parents shall encourage the child to associate
with other children of his own age with whom he can develop common interests
of useful and salutary mature. It shall be their duty to know the childs friends and
their activities and to prevent him from falling into bad company. The child should
not be allowed to stay out late at night to detriment of his health, studies or
morals.
8. Community Activity- parents shall give the child every opportunity to form or join
social, cultural, educational, recreational, civic or religious organizations or
movements and other useful community activities.
9. Social Gathering- when a party or gathering is held, the parents or a responsible
person should be present to supervise the same.
10. Vices- parents shall take special care to prevent the child from becoming
addicted to intoxicating drinks, narcotic drugs, smoking, gambling and other vices
or harmful practices.
11. Choice of Career- the child shall have the right to choose his own career. Parents
may advise him on this matter but should not impose on him their own choice.

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9. Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright
2008)

12. Marriage- subject to the provisions of the Civil Code, the child shall have the
prerogative of choosing his future spouse. Parent should not force or unduly
influence him to marry a person a person he has not freely chosen.




















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10. Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright
2008)
Hi! Im Marissa Frias Musa, I was born on March
28, 1995 on San Juan Medical Hospital. My
Mother is Ma. Victoria F. Musa and my Father is
Agapito H. Musa. They were married for 25 years
and still happy to be with each other, with us. We
sell chickens in Agora Public Market, where we get
all our needs, wants and anything we need, in
short our necessities. We do have a huge family!
I had six siblings and four of they were
graduates and a product of Polytechnic University
of the Philippines (PUP) with different course. I
grew here in San Juan, the truth is I graduated in
San Juan Elementary School and San Juan
National High School and now studying in PUP San Juan Campus. But before I entered
in this school, I stopped studying for two years because of financial problem and some
conflicts that I faced and two of my siblings were also studying in college that time.
When I stopped studying, I worked for few months as a babysitter. Its hard for me to
work but I just said to myself that its ok to work even though some of people were
murmuring at my side. I just said to God next time that I will take exam, I will make it!
And before I took the examination here in San Juan Campus, I already took twice in
Main Campus because the course that I wanted to get is there. But sad to say, I didnt
pass the examination! Yes, in the 1
st
exam I dont mind it. But when I took the 2
nd
exam
and I didnt saw my name! Thats the time I cried because I made everything, and its
not enough. But to God be the glory in the 3
rd
exam in PUP, but its not in Main, I made
it!! I saw my name!! Im so thankful to God because now is the time for me to get a
college degree. I want to study in PUP because my four siblings graduated in this
University and I want be the next one! What I really want to get when I enter college
is nursing but we dont have enough money to support what I want, but its ok for me
to be in Education because we have many relatives who were teaching in different
schools around the Philippines I love to sleep for the whole day if theres no class :D,
To clean our little house because Im a OC person. When theyre looking for something
they just call me and I know where to find whats theyre looking for. I want everything in
our house be organized. Actually, I made rules and regulations posted everywhere in
our house but sad to say no rules were followed, utos ko, gawa ko. Im still the one
who made it.


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References

Guevara and Bautista, Juvenile Delinquency and Crime Prevention (Copyright
2008)
John W. Santrock, Child Psychology 4
th
and 7
th
Edition
My facebook account and www.google.com (images)