1. A man got a 10% increase in his salary. If his new salary is Rs 1,54,000, find his original salary.

140000
2. On Sunday 845 people went to the Zoo. On Monday only 169 people went. What is the per cent decrease
in the people visiting the Zoo on Monday? 80%
3. A shopkeeper buys 80 articles for Rs 2,400 and sells them for a profit of 16%. Find the selling price of one
article. 2784/30=34.80
4. The cost of an article was Rs 15,500. Rs 450 were spent on its repairs. If it is sold for a profit of 15%, find
the selling price of the article. 18342.50
5. A VCR and TV were bought for Rs 8,000 each. The shopkeeper made a loss of 4% on the VCR and a profit
of 8% on the TV. Find the gain or loss percent on the whole transaction. Profit %= 2
6. During a sale, a shop offered a discount of 10% on the marked prices of all the items. What would a
customer have to pay for a pair of jeans marked at Rs 1450 and two shirts marked at Rs 850 each? 2835
7. The price of a TV is Rs 13,000. The sales tax charged on it is at the rate of 12%. Find the amount that
Vinod will have to pay if he buys it. 14560
8. Arun bought a pair of skates at a sale where the discount given was 20%. If the amount he pays is Rs
1,600, find the marked price. 2000
9. I purchased a hair-dryer for Rs 5,400 including 8% VAT. Find the price before VAT was added. 5000
10. The population of a city decreased from 25,000 to 24,500. Find the percentage decrease.
11. Arun bought a car for Rs 3,50,000. The next year, the price went upto Rs 3,70,000. What was the
percentage of price increase?
12. I buy a T.V. for Rs 10,000 and sell it at a profit of 20%. How much money do I get for it?
13. Juhi sells a washing machine for Rs 13, 500. She loses 20% in the bargain. What was the price at which
she bought it?
14. Chalk contains calcium, carbon and oxygen in the ratio 10:3:12. Find the percentage of carbon in chalk.
15. If in a stick of chalk, carbon is 3g, what is the weight of the chalk stick?
16. If Meena gives an interest of Rs 45 for one year at 9% rate p.a.. What is the sum she has borrowed?
17. Find the ratio of Rs 5 to 50 paise
18. Find the ratio of 15 kg to 210
Expand each of the following
(i) (3/2xy 5/4 y
2
z xyz)
2

(ii) [ ( 2a-3b)
2
]
2

(iii) (x
2
y 2xy
2
+5yz
2
)
2

(iv) [ (2m
2
/n - 3/r
2
)
2
]
2

(v) [(2a-3b)
2
]
2

Q. 3. Simplify
(i) (a + b + c)
2
+ (a - b + c)
2
(ii) (a - b - c)
2
- (a +
b - c)
2

(iii) (1/2 l 2/3 m - 1/5n)
2
- ( 1/2 l +2/3 m -1/5n)
2

Q.4. If a - b c = 4 and a b + b c c a =-
3 Find a
2
+ b
2
+ c
2

Q.5. If a
2
+ b
2
+ c
2
= 9 and b c+ ca + a b =
8 find ( a + b + c )
2

Q6. x + y + z = 2 and x y + y z + z x = 1 find (x
+y)
2
+ ( y + z )
2
+ ( z + x )
2

Q. 7. Expand
(i) ( - 4p +5q)
3

(ii) ( - 2 l 3 m )
3

Q. 8. Find value (i) 8x
3
+

125 y
3
If 2x + 5y = 7 and
xy = 9
Q. 9. If 3p 5q = 4 and 27 p
3
-125 q
3
= 8 Find pq
Q. 10. If ( a + 1/a )
2
= 3 Prove a
3
+ 1/a
3
= 0
Q.11. ( x + 2) + = 5 find ( x + 2)
3
+
Q.12. x + 1/x = P show x
3
+ 1/x
3
= p
3
3p
3

Q.13. y + 1/y = 3 prove y
3
+ 1/y
3
=0
Q. 14.(a2 +1)/a = 4 Show (a6+1)/a3 = 52
Q.15. If p = 12 , q= 3 Find Value of p
3
12p
2
q +
48pq
2
64 q
3

1. Factor the given expressions using identity:
(i) m
2
+ 8m + 16

(ii) 4x
2
4x + 1

(iii) x
4
+ 9y
4
+ 6x
2
y
2


(iv) (a
4
- 8a
2
b
2
+ 16b
4
) - 18

(v) 256 x
2
2xy y
2

2. Factorize the expressions:

(i) 4x
2
12xy + 9y
2


(ii) 36x
2
84xy + 49y
2


(iii) 9a
2
+ 42ab + 49b
2


(iv) (3a 5b)
2
+ 2 (3a 5b ) (2b a) + (2b -
a)
2


(v) 36x
2
+ 36x + 8

(vi) 4a
4
+ b
4


3. Factor the identities:

(i) 4x
2
+ 12xy + 9y
2


(ii) x
2
+ 22x + 121

(iii) 9x
2
- 24xy + 16y
2


(iv) 36x
2
- 36x + 9

(v) 16x
4
- 72x
2
y
2
+ 81y
4


(vi) (a
2
+ c
2
+ 2ac) - b
2




4. Factor completely using the formula:

(i) 100 [121p
2
88pq + 16q
2
]

(ii) 36 - a
2
- b2 - 2ab

(iii) 25a
2
+ 49b
2
-70ab 15a + 21b

(iv) 4x
2
- 4x 3

(v) 64 - a
2
b
2
- 2ab

(vi) 25x
2
(3y + 4z)
2


Answers:

1. (i) (m + 4) (m + 4)
(ii) (2x 1) (2x 1)
(iii) (x
2
+ 3y
2
) (x
2
+ 3y
2
)

(iv) (a
2
- 4b
2
+ 9) (a
2
- 4b
2
- 9)
(v) (16 + x + y) (16 - x - y)

2. (i) (2x 3y) (2x 3y)
(ii) (6x 7y) (6x 7y)
(iii) (3a + 7b) (3a + 7b)
(iv) (2a - 3b) (2a - 3b)
(v) 4(3x + 2) (3x + 1)
(vi) (2a
2
+ b
2
+ 2ab) (2a
2
+ b
2
- 2ab)

3. (i) (2x + 3y) (2x + 3y)
(ii) (x + 11) (x + 11)
(iii) (3x - 4y) (3x - 4y)
(iv) 9(2x - 1) (2x - 1)
(v) (2x + 3y) (2x - 3y) (2x + 3y) (2x - 3y)
(vi) (a + c + b) (a + c b)

4. (i) (10 + 11p - 4q) (10 - 11p + 4q)
(ii) (6 + a + b) (6 - a - b)
(iii) (5a - 7b) (5a - 7b - 3)
(iv) (2x + 1) (2x - 3)
(v) (8 + a + b) (8 a - b)
(vi) (5x + 3y + 4z) (5x - 3y - 4z)
Formulae
Product Formulas:
( x + y )
2
= x
2
+ 2xy + y
2

( x - y )
2
= x
2
- 2xy + y
2

( x + y )
3
= x
3
+ 3x
2
y + 3xy
2
+ y
3

( x - y )
3
= x
3
- 3x
2
y + 3xy
2
- y
3

( x + y )
4
= x
4
+ 4x
3
y + 6x
2
y
2
+ 4xy
3
+ y
4

( x - y )
4
= x
4
- 4x
3
y + 6x
2
y
2
- 4xy
3
+ y
4

Factoring Formulas
x
2
- y
2
=( x + y ) ( x - y )
x
3
- y
3
=( x - y ) ( x
2
+ xy + y
2
)
x
3
+ y
3
=( x + y ) ( x
2
- xy + y
2
)
x
4
- y
4
=( x
2
+ y
2
) ( x
2
- y
2
) = ( x
2
+ y
2
) ( x + y ) (
x - y )
x
5
- y
5
= ( x - y ) ( x
4
+ x
3
y + x
2
y
2
+ xy
3
+ y
4
)
x
5
+ y
5
= ( x + y ) ( x
4
- x
3
y + x
2
y
2
- xy
3
+ y
4
)