Concrete Beam Design

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Concrete Beam Design Per ACI 318-05
Rev # Rev Description Rev By Rev Date
1
2
3
4
Notes
1
2
3
4
5
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Concrete Beam Design
A. Introduction
This program analyzes concrete beams in accordance with ACI 318-05. The user must input the beam geometry
and the internal ultimate moment and shear. A simple design check is then provided for each limit state or design
rule. This program is not intended to compensate for compression block reinforcing, deep beam theory,
interaction of compression/tension, or bundled bars. Unsymmetrical beams are assumed to be braced
out-of-plane such that the neutral axis is horizontal. User may directly input internal forces or modify document to
calculate internal forces for their specific purpose.
B. Geometry
Width of web
b
w
12 in :=
Width of flange (slab) on left side
b
fL
12 in :=
Width of flange (slab) on right side
b
fR
12 in :=
Height of beam
h
b
27 in :=
Flange (slab) thickness
t
f
6 in :=
Cover to bottom reinforcing
cov
B
2.125 in :=
Cover to top reinforcing
cov
T
2 in :=
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B. Geometry
Shear Reinforcing
# Stirrup Legs Stirrup Size Stirrup spacing Stirrup angle
Number of stirrup legs, stirrup size, stirrup
spacing, and stirrup angle from longituinal
axis of beam N
bv
2 := s
bv
8 in :=
v
0 deg :=
Positive Flexural Reinforcing
# Bars Bar Size Depth to Flexural Steel
Number of bars, size, and depth of
positive flexural steel in layer 1. Layer 1
is closest to tensile surface of beam.
Input is typically not required for depth
since it is dependent on cover and stirrup
diameter.
N
bp
1
3 :=
d
sp
1
h
b
cov
B
d
v
in
d
bp
1
2
in 24.00 in = :=
N
bp
2
3 := d
sp
2
24 in :=
Number of bars, size, and depth of positive
flexural steel in layer 2
Negative Flexural Reinforcing
# Bars Bar Size Depth to Flexural Steel
negative flexural steel in layer 1. layer 1
is closest to tensile surface of beam.
Input is typically not required for depth
since it is dependent on cover and
stirrup diameter.
N
bn
1
8 :=
d
sn
1
h
b
cov
T
d
v
in
d
bn
1
2
in 24.25 in = :=
N
bn
2
2 := d
sn
2
24 in :=
negative flexural steel in layer 2
Unbraced Length
of Top of Beam
Unbraced Length
of Bottom of Beam
Beam Span
L
B
30 ft := UBL
T
0 ft := UBL
B
30 ft :=
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C. Beam Internal Forces
Ultimate Positive Bending Moment
M
up
50 ft kip :=
Ultimate Negative Bending Moment
M
un
50 ft kip :=
Ultimate shear in beam
V
B
50 kip :=
Service Positive Bending Moment
M
sp
30 ft kip :=
Service Negative Bending Moment
M
sn
30 ft kip :=
D. Material Properties
Concrete compressive strength
f'
c
4000 psi :=
Reinforcing yield strength
f
y
40000 psi :=
RT
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C. Beam Sketch
10 0 10
10
20
30
Beam Cross Section
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D. Bending Strength
A
sb
4.71 in
2
= Area of steel at bottom of beam
d
sb
24.00 in = Effective depth to positive reinforcing
f
y
40.00 ksi = Yield strength of reinforcing steel
a
cp
1.54 in = Height of compression block for positive moment
a
cp2
0.77 in = Distance from top of beam to centroid of compression block
M
np
0.9 f
y
A
sb
d
sb
a
cp2
( )
:=
M
np
328.41 ft kip = Positive moment capacity of beam
Maximum ultimate positive moment in beam
M
up
50.00 ft kip =
Positive moment flexural check - Must be less than or equal
to 100%
M
up
M
np
15.23 % =
Area of steel at top of beam
A
st
3.53 in
2
=
Effective depth to negative reinforcing
d
st
24.25 in =
a
cn
3.46 in = Height of compression block for negative moment
a
cn2
1.73 in = Distance from bottom of beam to centroid of
compression block
M
nn
0.9 f
y
A
st
d
st
a
cn2
( )
:=
Negative moment capacity of beam
M
nn
238.75 ft kip =
Maximum ultimate negative moment in beam
M
un
50.00 ft kip =
Negative moment flexural check - Must be less than or equal
to 100% - If flange width is greater than 1/10 of the beam
span, reinforcement must be within a width of flange equal to
10% of the span. Additional longitudinal reinforcement is
required outside of the 10% span flange width.
M
un
M
nn
20.94 % =
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D. Bending Strength
f
sp
M
sp
d
sp
J
fp
4
d
bp
( )
2
:=
f
sp
10438.61psi = Positive reinforcing stress
f
sn
M
sn
d
sn
J
fn
4
d
bn
( )
2
:=
f
sn
38113.23psi = Negative reinforcing stress
s
pmax
min
540 ksi
f
sp
2.5 cov
B
d
v
+
( )
in
(
(
(
in
12
36 ksi
f
sp
in
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
:=
s
pmax
41.38 in = Maximum permissible spacing of longitudinal positive
reinforcing for crack control - ACI 318, Section 10.6.4
Check positive reinforcing for crack control - Must be less
than or equal to 100%
s
sp
1
s
pmax
7.25 % =
s
nmax
min
540 ksi
f
sn
2.5 cov
B
d
v
+
( )
in
(
(
(
in
12
36 ksi
f
sn
in
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
:=
s
nmax
7.92 in = Maximum permissible spacing of longitudinal negative
reinforcing for crack control - ACI 318, Section 10.6.4
Check negative reinforcing for crack control - Must be less
s
sn
1
s
nmax
54.58 % =
SkinReinfNote "Skin reinforcement is not required." = Check if skin reinforcement is required.
Maximum permissible lateral brace spacing for top of
beam - ACI 318, Section 10.6.4
S
latT
50 B
slab
150.00 ft = :=
Check lateral brace spacing of top of beam - Must be less
UBL
T
S
latT
0.00 % =
Maximum permissible lateral brace spacing for bottom of
beam - ACI 318, Section 10.6.4
S
latB
50 b
w
50.00ft = :=
Check lateral brace spacing of bottom of beam - Must be
less than or equal to 100%
UBL
B
S
latB
60.00 % =
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D. Bending Strength
A
pmin
max
3
f'
c
psi
psi b
w
d
sb
f
y
200 psi
f
y
b
w
d
sb
\
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
:=
A
pmin
1.44 in
2
= Minimum permissible positive reinforcement area
ACI 318, Section 10.5.1
A
pmin
A
sb
30.56 % = Check minimum positive moment reinforcement -
Must be less than or equal to 100%
A
nmin
max
3
f'
c
psi
psi min
2 b
w
B
slab
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
d
sb
f
y
200 psi
f
y
min
2 b
w
B
slab
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
d
sb
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
:= Minimum permissible negative reinforcement area

A
nmin
2.88 in
2
=
A
nmin
A
st
81.49 % = Check minimum negative moment reinforcement -
Must be less than or equal to 100%
tp
0.0367 = Positive steel reinforcing strain at nominal capacity
.004
tp
10.89 % = Check maximum positive reinforcing - Must be less than or
equal to 100% - ACI 318, Section 10.3.5
tn
0.0148 =
Negative steel reinforcing strain at nominal capacity
Check maximum negative reinforcing - Must be less than or
equal to 100% - ACI 318, Section 10.3.5
.004
tn
26.94 % =
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E. Shear Strength
f'
c
4000 psi = Concrete compressive strength
b
w
12.00 in = Width of beam web
Minimum depth to reinforcing in section
min
d
sb
d
st
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
24.00 in =
V
c
2.0
f'
c
psi
psi b
w
min
d
sb
d
st
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
36.43 kip = := Concrete shear strength

ACI 318, Section 11.3.1.1
N
bv
2 = Number of legs of stirrups
d
v
0.38 in = Diameter of stirrups
v
0.00 deg = Inclined angle of stirrups from horizontal
V
s
min
N
bv
4
d
v
2
f
y
cos
v
( )
sin
v
( )
+
( )
min
d
sb
d
st
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
s
bv
8
f'
c
psi
psi b
w
min
d
sb
d
st
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
:=
Shear capacity from stirrups
V
n
0.75 0.5 V
c
N
bv
0 =
( )
d
v
0 in =
( )
+ if
0.75 V
c
V
s
+
( )
otherwise
:=
Nominal shear strength of concrete
and steel combined
ACI 318, Section 11.1.1 and
Section 11.5.5.1
V
n
47.20 kip =
Ultimate shear in beam
V
B
50.00 kip =
V
B
V
n
105.93 % = Check shear strength of beam - Must be less than or
equal to 100%
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E. Shear Strength
Shear carried by steel
V
B
0.75 V
c
22.68 kip =
4
f'
c
psi
psi b
w
min
d
sb
d
st
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
72.86 kip =
s
vmax
min
1
4
min
d
sb
d
st
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
12 in
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
V
B
0.75 V
c
4
f'
c
psi
psi b
w
min
d
sb
d
st
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
> if
min
1
2
min
d
sb
d
st
|
\
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
24 in
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
otherwise
:=
s
vmax
12.00 in = Maximum permissible spacing of shear reinforcing
s
bv
8.00 in = Actual spacing of shear reinforcing
Check shear reinforcing spacing - Must be less than
or equal to 100%.
s
bv
s
vmax
66.67 % =
A
vmin
min
0.75
f'
c
psi
psi
b
w
s
bv
f
y
50 ksi b
w
s
bv
f
y
|
\
|
|
|
|
|
|
\
|
|
|
|
|
|
:=
A
vmin
0.11 in
2
= Minimum shear reinforcement
A
vmin
N
bv
4
d
v
2
\
|
|
51.54 % = Check minimum shear reinforcement - Must be less


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Concrete Beam Design

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:= Minimum permissible negative reinforcement area

36.43 kip = := Concrete shear strength

51.54 % = Check minimum shear reinforcement - Must be less

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