Management of Information in Healthcare

Organizations:
Healthcare professionals comprise a heterogeneous group
with diverse objectives and information requirements.
Healthcare information system (HCIS) is to manage the
information that health professionals need to perform their
jobs effectively and efficiently.
HCISs facilitate communication integrate information and
coordinate action among multiple healthcare professionals.
In addition they assist in the organi!ation and storage of
information and they support certain record"#eeping and
reporting functions.
Integrated delivery networks (I$%s) were used in the
&''(s.
Clinical information system, Ambulatory medical record
systems ()*+Ss) and ractice management systems
(,*Ss) - Collectively called as Hospital Information systems.
,atient registration and billing clerical tas#s associated with
trac#ing patients and sending out bills and support ancillary
departments such as radiology the pharmacy and the
laboratories.
.wo unique developments occurred/ &) the development of
the interface engine0 and 1) the creation of H23 a process for
standardi!ing the content of the data messages that were being
sent from one information system to another.
Sharing data among many different information systems was
daunting.
+easons/ different hardware (e.g. $4C I5*) operating
systems (e.g. ,IC6 )ltos $7S 8*S and I5*9s 7S on
mainframes) and programming languages (e.g. 5)SIC ,2&
C7572 and even assembler)
Interface engine concept/ serves as the central connecting
point for all interfaces in the every other system.
.he creation of H23 was yet another response to the challenge
of moving data among disparate systems in healthcare.
A Health care organization needs information in ! broad
categories:
"# Information Requirements: to present patient"specific
data to care givers so that they can easily interpret the
data and use it in decision"ma#ing and to support the
necessary communication among the many healthcare
wor#ers who cooperate in providing health services to
patients.
Clinical $ management ersective
:our broad categories/

Operational requirements: up"to"date factual information to
perform the daily tas#s.
Planning requirements: short"term and long"term decisions
about patient care and organi!ational management.
Communication requirements: communication and
coordination of patient care and operations across multiple
personnel multiple business units
Documentation and reporting requirements: need to
maintain records for future reference or analysis and reporting
%# Integration Requirements:
Support data and process integration
Organizational ersective
&ata Integration:
'rocess Integration: work rocess ( serial $ concurrent
rocess#
Security and Confidentiality Requirements:
protection of health information from unwanted or
inappropriate use
Health Insurance ,ortability and )ccountability )ct (HI,)))
of &'';
:ormal policies for securing and maintaining access to patient
data and under privacy provisions prohibit disclosure of
patient"identifiable information by most providers and health
plans e<cept as authori!ed by the patient or e<plicitly
permitted by legislation.
)enefits/
Cost reduction
,roductivity 4nhancements
=uality and service improvement
*unctions:
,atient *anagement and 5illing
$epartmental *anagement
Care $elivery and Clinical $ocumentation
Clinical $ecision Support
:inancial and +esource *anagement