Determine surge and swab pressure for close-ended pipe

I would like to show more calculation about surge and swab pressure. In this
article, I will show how to use the previous formulas (Surge and swab
pressure method 1) to figure out surge and swab pressure for close-ended
pipe (plug flow). The calculation concept is prett much the same but I
would like to show ou how much difference between surge!swab if ou
have the close-ended pipe.
Example
The well information is listed below"
#$%% & '(
#)%% & 1$%
*ole diameter & + inch
,rill -ollar & )..( inch
I, of drill collar & ..( inch
,rillpipe diameter & ( inch
I, of drill pipe & $.( inch
/verage pipe running or pulling speed & .(% ft!min
,rill 0ipe 1ength & 1.%%% ft
,rill -ollar 1ength & '%% ft
-urrent 2ud 3eight & 1..( ppg
3ell T4, & +%%% ft
1
2nd case closed ended pipe
Determine pressure loss around drill pipe
1. ,etermine n
n& %.)1$
.. ,etermine 5
5&1.')$
$. ,etermine fluid velocit around drill pipe
6or closed ended pipe
4dp & ..7.1 ft!min
7. 2a8imum pipe velocit
4m & ..7.1 8 1.( & $$) ft!min
(. 0ressure loss around drill pipe
0dp &(7%.9 psi
.
Determine pressure loss around drill collar
3e still use the same n and 5.
1. ,etermine fluid velocit around drill collar
6or open ended pipe
4dc & $7(.7 ft!min
.. 2a8imum pipe velocit
4m & $7(.7 8 1.( & (1' ft!min
$. 0ressure loss around drill collar
0dc & ') psi
Total pressure loss = Pdp + Pdc
Total pressure loss & (7%.9 : ') & ).).9 psi
Determine surge pressure with the following equation
Surge pressure & hdrostatic pressure : total
pressure loss
Surge pressure & (%.%(. 8 +%%% 8 1..() :
).).9 & ),79).) psi
Determine swab pressure with the
following equation
$
Swab pressure & hdrostatic pressure ; total pressure loss
Swab pressure & (%.%(. 8 +%%% 8 1..() ; ).).9 & (,..$.$ psi
3hen compared with 1st case (surge and swab pressure for open-ended
pipe), ou can see that the closed ended pipe creates more surge and swab
effect.
The total pressure acting on the wellbore is affected b pipe movement
upwards or downwards.Tripping pipe into and out of a well is one other
common operation during completions and workovers. <nfortunatel,
statistics indicate that most kicks occur during trips. Therefore,
understanding the basic concepts of tripping is a ma=or concern in
completion!workover operations. ,ownward movement of tubing(tripping
in) creates a pressure that is e8erted on the bottom of a well. /s the tubing is
being run into a well, the fluid in the well must move upward to e8it the
volume being entered b the tubing.The combination of the downward
movement of the tubing and the upward movement of the fluid (or piston
7
effect) results in an increase in pressure at an given point in the well.This
increase in pressure is commonl called Surge pressure. <pward movement
of the tubing(tripping out) also affects the pressure which is imposed at the
bottom of the well. 3hen pulling pipe from the well,fluid must move
downward and the replace area which was occupied b the tubing. The net
effect of the upward movement of the tubing and the downward movement
of the fluid creates a decrease in bottomhole pressure. This decrease in
pressure is referred to as Swab pressure. >oth surge and swab pressures are
affected b the following parameters"
4elocit of the pipe,or tripping speed
6luid densit
6luid viscosit
6luid gel strength
3ell bore geometr (annular clearance between tools and casing,
tubing open ended or closed off)
The faster pipe is tripped, the higher the surge and swab pressure effects will
be. /lso, the greater the fluid densit, viscosit and gel strength, the greater
the surge and swab tendenc. 6inall, the downhole tools such as packers
and scrapers,which have small annular clearance, also increase surge and
swab pressure effects. ,etermination of actual surge and swab pressures can
be accomplished with the use of 3?@50@? and ,@I10@? calculator
programs or hdraulics manuals.
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