KONSTRUK-KONSTRUK DALAM MEMBINA ITEM SCIENCE

SEKOLAH RENDAH (JPN SELANGOR)

SCIENCE SECTION A
CONSTRUCT 1 : KNOWLEDGE

1. Fact :

To recall specific and separated information. To test knowledge

regarding science facts such as characteristic, phenomena.

2. Definition :

Knowledge about meaning, an explanation or the use of the correct

terminology.

3. Classification :

Knowledge about class, group, set or parts

4. Sequence :

Knowledge about the correct arrangement, direction or movement.

5. Method :

Knowledge about steps or procedure in an investigation, or

method/ways of carrying out something.

6. Principle :

Knowledge about main idea, scheme and pattern which is used to

arrange or form something such as phenomenon.

CONSTRUCT 2 : UNDERSTANDING & COMPREHENSION

U1 : TRANSLATION

The ability to express certain concept using words or other symbols.

✔ To change symbol/graph/picture into word/statement or vice versa

U2 : INTERPRETATION
 The ability to relate parts in a text and express it in a different way or
form without changing the meaning.

✔ Express using own words. Summarise

✔ To explain chart, graph, map, table in the form of statements or vice

versa.

✔ To explain the meaning of a word.

U3 : EXTRAPOLATION

The skills to forecast or expand information or tendency beyond the

information given to explain the effect, outcome, and result.

✔ To form a pre-conclusion based on an observation, knowledge,

experience

✔ To make prediction based on set/data/graph

✔ To forecast based on cause and effect

✔ To give inference, explain pattern or sequence

CONSTRUCT 3 : APPLICATION

The skills to use ideas, concepts, principles, theories, procedures and

generalizations to solve problems in a new situation
SCIENCE SECTION B / SAINS BAHAGIAN B - 15 KRITERIA

A. SPS/KPS 1– TO INFER / MEMBUAT INFERENS ( >< 4 SOALAN)

➢ The ability to make a logical statement to explain the cause and

effect of an observation.

K1 - To state a reasonable explanation of the observation.

Menyatakan satu penerangan yang munasabah tentang

pemerhatian.

K2 - To state other reasonable explanation of the observation.

Menyatakan penerangan lain yang munasabah tentang

pemerhatian.

K3 - To state additional observations to test the accuracy of the

inference (explanation).

Menyatakan pemerhatian tambahan untuk menguji kejituan

inferens.

B. SPS/KPS 2: TO PREDICT/ MEMBUAT RAMALAN (>< 2 SOALAN)

➢ Making a forecast about what will happen in the future based on prior
knowledge gained through experience or collected data.

K4 - To state what will happen by using previous data or

information.

Menyatakan apa yang berlaku dengan menggunakan data atau

maklumat yang lepas (ramal berdasar data)

K5 - To state what will happen by extrapolating the data.

 Menyatakan apa yang berlaku dengan mengekstrapolasi data.
(ramal di luar data)

C. SPS /KPS 3: INTERPRETING INFORMATION/ MENTAFSIR

MAKLUMAT ( >< 5/6 SOALAN)

➢ To get the information from an implicit idea such as pattern

(trend),relationship or conclusion from a given data in the form of bar
chart, diagram, table.

K6 - To make statements derived from the data or information

gathered. (aim/purpose)

Membuat penyataan tentang maksud data atau maklumat yang

dikumpul (tujuan) .

K7 - To state the pattern or trend from information gathered.

Menyatakan pola atau corak daripada maklumat yang

dikumpul.

K8 - To state the relationship of the variables.

Menyatakan hubungan antara pemboleh ubah.

K9 - To make conclusion based on the information gathered.

Membuat kesimpulan berdasarkan data yang dikumpul.

D. SPS/KPS 4: TO CONTROL VARIABLES/ PEMBOLEH UBAH (>< 5/6

SOALAN)

➢ To identify variables (things to change, keep the same and to

observe).
 K10 - To state the variables needed in the investigation.

Menyatakan 2 pembolehubah yang perlu digunakan dalam

penyiasatan

(maklumat).

K11 - To state the things to change.

Menyatakan pembolehubah dimanipulasi.

K12 - To state the things to observe.

Menyatakan pembolehubah bergerak balas.

K13 - To state the things to keep the same.

Menyatakan pembolehubah dimalarkan.

E. SPS/ KPS 5: TO MAKE HYPOTHESES/ HIPOTESIS (>< 3 SOALAN)

➢ To state the relationship between the thing to change and the thing
to observe and the validity of the statement can be tested.

K14 - To suggest explanation/s for the relationship between

variables.

Mencadangkan penerangan tentang hubungan antara

pembolehubah.

K15 - To state explanation/s based from previous scientific

principle or knowledge.

Menyatakan penerangan berdasarkan prinsip sains atau pengetahuan

yang lepas (berdasar penyataan/ lain) .