CONCRETE MIX DESIGN

Compiled by: Dr. Tams Simon

Concrete Mix Design (sign of concrete)
The sign of
concrete: C
Sign of
concrete: C
16 => f
ck
= 16 MPa threshold (characteristic) value, standard
cylinder, wet curing
20 => f
ck,cube
= 20 MPa threshold (characteristic) value, standard
cube, wet curing
16/20-XC4-XF1-16/F3(P) MSZ 4798-1:2004
16/20 -XC4-XF1-16/F3(P)
Can be:
C normal (
t
: 2001-2600 kg/m
3
) (Sandy gravel, crushed)
LC light weight (
t
: 600-2000 kg/m
3
) (PS, perlit etc.)
HC heavy weight (
t
: 2601- kg/m
3
) (iron ore etc.)
Concrete Mix Design (sign of concrete)
Sign of
concrete : C16/20- -16/F3(P)
Environmental (exposure) class:
X Constant sign for exposure
C, F etc. Meaning is the exposure (chloride, sulphate, freeze-thaw,
watertightness etc.)
4;1 stb. Measure (seriousness) of the effect
Sign of
concrete : C
16/20-XC4-XF1- /F3(P)
MSA (D
max
)
Sign of
concrete : C16/20-XC4-XF1-16/
Consistency class (slump S, flow F, vebe V, compacting
factor C)
XC4-XF1
16
F3(P)
Fluid like
Plastic
Semy plastic
Earth moist
First step of the mix design
Must be decided:
- type of samples (standard cube, or cylinder),
- number of specimens within the sample,
- curing (wet or mixed curing),
- type of cement to be used.
According to Bolomey-Palots design, which is based on
empirical formulas the values obtained must be checked by a
trial mix!
The work may be started!
Must be known:
- what is the standard deviation of the mixing plant.
Concrete Mix Design
Decided:
- standard cube (150x150x150 mm)
- 10 pcs specimen in the sample
- wet curing,
- CEMII 42,5 quality cement will be used.
Got information:
- standard deviation of the plant is 4 Nmm
2
for similar concrete.
Sign of concrete to be designed: C30/37-XC4-XF1-16/F3(P)
The Bolomey-Palots method works with cubes of 200 mm
edge, mix cured specimens and understands the mean strength,
which is the basic data, so it must be at first determined from the
characteristic (threshold) strength which is in the sign of
concrete.
Conc. Mix Des. C30/37-XC4-XF1-16/F3(P)
37 N/mm
2
is the threshold (characteristic) strength of the 150mm
cubes, wet cured.
f
ck,mix cured
/f
ck,wet cured
= 1,087 and
f
ck,200
/f
ck,150
= 0,94
then f
ck,200,mix cured
= 1,0870,9437 = 37,8 N/mm
2
The design value of the compressive strength however is not the
characteristic value, but the average, (target mean strength) which is
tobe obtained by:
f
m,200,mix cured
= f
ck,200,mix cured
+ ts where t is the Students factor,
depending on the number of specimens, while s is the standard
deviation of the mixing plant in N/mm
2
.
pcs 3 5 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 30 40
t 2,28 1,97 1,79 1,77 1,75 1,73 1,72 1,71 1,70 1,69 1,68
f
m,200,mix cured
= 37,8 + 1,794 = 44,96 ~ 45 N/mm
2
(Ezzel szemben az MSZ 4798-:2004 47 N/mm
2
-et ad meg! Mi
a 45-s rtkkel szmolunk tovbb.)
Conc. Mix Des. C30/37-XC4-XF1-16/F3(P)
Determination of water cement factor: v/c = x
f
m,200,mix cured
= A(1/x 0,3), where A depend on the type of cement
(connected to the water demand of cement).
Cement type A h
w
CEM52,5 27,5 0,95
CEM42,5 22 1,0
CEM32,5 17 1,04
45/22 + 0,3 = 1/x
x = 0,426
Next step is to calculate an aid parameter for further calculation, the
reduced water-cement factor (x
0
). Take care! For the real mixture x is to
be used!
x
x
0
= =
h
w
h
c
h
d
0,426
=
1,01,251,01
1,35 F
1,25 P
1,15 SP
1,00 EM
h
c
Consystence
1,07 8
1,04 12
1,01 16
1,00 24
0,98 32
0,97 48
0,96 63
h
d
Dmax
0,337
Conc. Mix Des. C30/37-XC4-XF1-16/F3(P)
In the next step the corresponding cement content (c) and finess
modulus of the aggregate (m) will be determined.
IMPORTANT! We are calculating for 1 m
3
of concrete, in case
of dry aggregate!
m = 11 (x
0
0,1)c/23 (a=1,07 cement saving solution)
m = (2,66lgD
max
+2,2 + 0,0028c)a (a=0,9 rich mix design)
a=1,0 the just saturated case.
Under saturated Just saturated Over saturated
Conc. Mix Des. Determination of corresponding m and c
values
m = 11 (x
0
0,1)c/23
m = (2,66lgD
max
+2,2 + 0,0028c)1,0
m = 11 (0,337 0,1)c/23
m = (2,66lg16+2,2 + 0,0028c)1,0
m = 11 0,237c/23
m = (2,66lg16+2,2 + 0,0028c)
m = 11 0,237c/23
m = 5,403 + 0,0028c
11 0,0103c = 5,403 + 0,0028c
16,403 = 0,0131c c = 1252 kg/m
3
cement
IMPOSSIBLE!!!! Must have made a mistake somewhere!!!!
OHHH NOT ADDING BUT
SUBSCRIBING IS ON THE LEFT
5,597 = 0,0131c c = 427 kg/m
3
cement (Bit much, but acceptible)
m = 5,403 + 0,0028427 = 6,6
Conc. Mix Des. Determination of ratio of constituents
While working, in e-mail we obtained the following
actual information:
- aggregate is mixed out of 3 fraction by the plant, in the
ratio of 20, 30 s 50%,
- moisture content of I
st
fraction: 5 m%, the II
nd
: m%,
and the III
rd
is phorous, absorbing 3 m% water,
- the density of cement is 3,15 kg/l ll l, and of aggregate
2,63 kg/l ll l.
Conc. Mix Des. Ratio of constituents
--- --- --- --- Total
--- --- 1,5% --- --- 15 ---
Air
f = 3%
50%
---
2,63
30%
n = 5%
20%
Aggr.
tap w.
1,0 Water
----
CEMII
42,5
427 3.15 Cem.
kg/m
3
kg/m
3
----
kg/m
3
l ll l/m
3
[kg/l ll l] Deno.
Corr.
Note Dry aggregate Material
182
135,5
182
1000
6
6
7
,
5
1
7
5
5351
527
877
2364
+17,55
- 17,55
+ 26,31
427
191
369
527
877
2391


Conc. Mix Des.
The mix ratio:
W:C:A may be determined for both the dry (and not taking into
consideration the absorption) aggregate and the actual case.
Dry aggregate case:
W:C:A = 182:427:1755 = 0,426:1:4,11 = x:1:y
Actual case, to be determined befor starting mixing, at least two
times a day:
W:C:A = 191:427:1773 = 0,447:1:4,15 = x:1:y
where x = water/cement ratio
y = aggregate/cement ratio
Thank you for the attention