to represent distributional inequality. The Gini coefficient is a numerical measure of inequality based on the Lorenz curve. These measures can be used to represent any sort of distributional inequity. The diagonal line represents exact equality in wealth distribution. Along that line, as shown to the left, the poorest 10% of the households own 10% of the wealth, 50% of the wealth is owned by the poorest 50%, and finally 80% of the wealth is in owned by the poorest 80%. This would also mean that the richest 20% only own 20% of the wealth, making them no different from the poorest 20%. As we'll see below, when wealth is distributed unequally (as it always is) the line curves downward, below the diagonal. The greater the inequality, the more the line curves away from the diagonal. The purple line represents a society where the poorest 30% own only 2% of the wealth, while in the society represented by the green line, the poorest 30% own 20% of the wealth. When we look at the poorest 70% they only own 20% of the wealth, while in the society represented by the green line, the poorest 70% own 50% of the wealth. Finally, the poorest 90% own only 50% of the wealth, while in the society represented by the green line, the poorest 90% own 70% of the wealth. Thus, in the society represented by the purple line, the richest 10% of the households own half of all the nation's wealth. (Again, keep in mind, that the wealth distribution in the U.S. is more unequal than the distribution shown by the purple line.) The Gini coefficient is a numerical measure of distributional inequality. The idea behind the Gini coefficient is fairly simple. We've labeled the area between the Lorenz curve and the diagonal line area A and the remaining area under the diagonal to the right of and below the Lorenz curve area B. As wealth distribution becomes more unequal the Lorenz curve bows out more and area A becomes larger and area B becomes smaller.
The Gini coefficient is defined as: The Gini coefficient can take values between 0 and 1. If the Gini coefficient = 0, wealth is distributed exactly equally. If the Gini coefficient = 1, all wealth is owned by a single individual. Thus, larger Gini coefficients mean greater inequality.
% Household Share of Income 20 4.3 40 10.3 60 16.9 80 24.7 All household 43.9 INEQUALITY IN INCOME :
Contrasts of health care spending and achievement Some countries achieve high life expectancy while spending little on health care. Others spend heavily while achieving relatively low life expectancy. In the graph, the most striking comparison is between the US and Cuba. Cuba achieves virtually identical life expectancy to the US while spending less than $200 per person on health care, compared to $4,400 per person in the US. END
Penerapan Sistem Pelayanan Perizinan Berusaha Terintegrasi Secara Elektronik Pada Dinas Penanaman Modal Dan Pelayanan Terpadu Satu Pintu Kabupaten Balangan