Plethysmograph Electrodes

SOURCE: http://fab.cba.mit.edu/classes/863.13/people/Kristin/Weeks/Week10/index.html
Here a LED and LDR is used for the measurement of heart rate
Fingure Plethysmography
SOURCE: https://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/ece5030/labs/f2009/Plethysmograph.html
Instead of a LED, an IR emitter can also be used
You can see a slight glow in the IR emitter (on the left) because the camera
is slightly sensitive to infrared light. The Phototransistor is the black device
just to the right Here a LED and LDR is used for the measurement of heart
rate
Plethysmograph Piezoelectric pulse
transducer
SOURCE: http://www.ufiservingscience.com/transducers.html
Contact Microphone for
phonocardiography
SOURCE:
http://www.harvardapparatus.com/
webapp/wcs/stores/servlet/haisku4_
10001_11555_61675_-
1_HAI_ProductDetail_N_37757_414
51_41452_41453
SOURCE:
http://dc255.4shared.com/doc/sLtLy
doQ/preview.html
Impedance Plethysmography
4 electrodes used for
impedance plethysmography

SOURCE:
Impedance Plethysmography
Impedance Cardiovasograph system developed at
BARC. The data acquisition system is connected to right
hand of the control subject with the help of electrodes.

EEG Disk Electrodes
Source:
https://wiki.engr.illinois.edu/displa
y/BIOE414/EEG
Disk and Cup electrodes are generally made of high purity tin,
silver, gold or even surgical steel, or some combination of
these (i.e. gold plated silver).
They usually have a diameter that is within 4-10 mm as
smaller than 4mm, or larger than 10mm, will not make
sufficient mechanical/electrical contact with the scalp.
The application site is determined and prepared by sterilizing
with alcohol, using an abrasive to remove dead skin.
Once the electrode is secure, the cup is filled with a
conductive gel which aids conductivity.
These electrodes can also be placed on other parts of the
body to monitor skin potentials and filter these out,
increasing the reliability of the readings.
EEG Needle Electrodes
Needle electrodes are
sterilized, single-use
needles placed under the
skin.
These electrodes are
typically made of surgical
grade steel and are inserted
into the scalp after
thorough disinfection of the
insertion site.
Source:
https://wiki.engr.illinois.edu/displa
y/BIOE414/EEG
The advantage of this particular type of
electrode is fast application, perhaps being
useful in emergency situations or on comatose
patients; however the invasive nature of the
application and pain caused to the patient
means that they are not commonly used.
These electrodes also have a risk of infection
and unfavorable electrical behavior due to
their shape.


EEG
During an EEG, flat metal discs (electrodes)
are attached to your scalp.
The electrodes are connected to the EEG
machine with wires.
Some people wear an elastic cap fitted with
electrodes, instead of having the adhesive
applied to their scalps

SOURCE:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/procedure/eeg/mu
ltimedia/eeg-electrodes/IMG-20005916
An EEGrecords the electrical
activity of your brain via electrodes
affixed to your scalp.
EEG results show changes in brain
activity that may be useful in
diagnosing brain conditions, especially
epilepsy and otherseizure disorders.