AS310

ATTRACTION AND PARASITIZATION RESPONSE OF THE PARASITOID, TRICHOGRAMMA

JAPONICUM ASHMEAD TO OREGANO, COLEUS AMBOINICUS LOUR. EXTRACT
Jane Libo-on Suede, Charlotte Joyce Mini Gamelong, Verna Joy Motin Cabanero
Doa Hortencia Salas Benedicto Nat'l HS, La Carlota City, Neg. Occ., Philippines

Biological control agents, such as parasitoids, are now widely used to control the population of
agricultural pests. These parasitoids find their host according to various chemical compounds. Most
of these compounds come from volatile plant extracts especially those obtained from aromatic plants.
The potential use of these chemicals in the biological control of pests led to the use of Coleus
amboinicus Loureiro (oregano) as attractant of the parasitoid, Trichogramma japonicum
Ashmead. This project aimed to test the effect of oregano extract on the orientation and stimulation
activity of the parasitoid, Trichogramma japonicum. Specifically, it aimed to determine which
concentration of the extract (5 mL extract to 500 mL distilled water, 10:500, 15:500 or pure oregano
extract) is the most efficient attractant of the parasitoid. The effect of the Coleus amboinicus extract
on the attraction response of the parasitoid was determined by the amount of time the Trichogramma
japonicum spent inside the treated filter paper during the petri dish bioassay, while its effect on the
parasitization of the parasitoid was determined through the number of Corcyra eggs parasitized by
the Trichogramma japonicum in a vial still containing treated filter paper. The study showed that
Treatment 3 (15:500) was the most attractive concentration for the parasitoid, and Treatment 5
(control) as the least attractive. Treatment 3 also yielded the most significant effect on the
parasitization of the Trichogramma japonicum. Thus, the researchers conclude that Coleus
amboinicus extract, specifically the third treatment, has the ability to attract the parasitoid and
stimulate its oviposition.












Mayana is a Tagalog word, one of the dialects in the Philippines. It is also known Coleus in English.
What is Mayana or Coleus Blumei ?
It is perennial aromatic herb of southeastern Asia having large usually bright-colored or blotched leaves, with
toothed margins and blue violet flowers, numerous, in simple or branched inflorences. Coleus is Erect, branched,
fleshy herb, the stem is purplish and 4 angled.
They are commonly known as Coleus, a name which derives from an earlier classification under the genus name
coleus.
Where can we find them?
Mayana or Coleus is a genus of perennial plants native to Tropical places. Africa, Asia, Australia, the East Indies,
the Malay Archipelago, and the Philippines.
It is also in different houses used as ornaments. Some schools in the Philippines has herbal plants.
What are the uses of this plant?
As ornaments
Herbal medicine
Mild bleeding of wounds : Pick the bigger leaves and wash it. Crush and extract the juice. Squeezed the leaves
directly on the wound and apply the crushed leaves as poultice.
Headache : Pound leaves and apply over temples and nape.
Bruises and Sprains : Crush or pound 5 - 10 leaves and apply over the ankles, wrist or affected areas for 30
minutes.
Do we need it?
Maybe. I know almost everybody has a medicinal cabinet at home or first aid kit when you do camping. This is just
an information that you will never know it might come on handy. Like your kids will have an assignment about herbal
plants. You got already an idea that the Coleus in your garden or in the pot is an herbal plant. You can also enjoy
the colorful leaves in your garden.


Cymbopogon
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cymbopogon
Lemon grass

Lemon grass plant
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
(unranked): Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Tribe: Andropogoninae
Subtribe: Andropogoneae
Genus: Cymbopogon
Spreng.
Species
About 45, see text
Cymbopogon, commonly known as lemongrass (UK: /lmnrs/; US: /lmnrs/) is a genus of about 45
species of grasses, (of which the type species is Cymbopogon citratus, a natural and soft tea anxiolytic
[citation needed]
)
native to warm temperate and tropical regions of the Old World and Oceania. It is a tall perennial grass. Common
names include lemon grass, lemongrass, barbed wire grass, silky heads, citronella grass, cha de
Dartigalongue, fever grass, tanglad, hierba Luisa, or gavati chaha, amongst many others.
Contents
[hide]
1 Uses
2 Images
3 Partial species list
4 Notes
Uses[edit]
Lemongrass is native to India and tropical Asia. It is widely used as a herb in Asian cuisine. It has a
subtle citrus flavor and can be dried and powdered, or used fresh. It is commonly used in teas, soups, and curries. It
is also suitable for use with poultry, fish, beef, and seafood. It is often used as a tea in African countries such
as Togo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Latin American countries such asMexico. Lemongrass oil is
used as a pesticide and a preservative. Research shows that lemongrass oil has antifungal properties.
[1]
Despite its
ability to repel insects, its oil is commonly used as a "lure" to attract honey bees. "Lemongrass works conveniently
as well as the pheromone created by the honeybee's nasonov gland, also known as attractant pheromones.
Because of this, lemongrass oil can be used as a lure when trapping swarms or attempting to draw the attention of
hived bees."
[2]



Cymbopogon citratus from thePhilippines, where it is locally known as tanglad
Citronella grass (Cymbopogon nardus and Cymbopogon winterianus) grows to about 2 m (about 6.5 ft) and has
magenta colored base stems. These species are used for the production ofcitronella oil, which is used in soaps, as
an insect repellent especially mosquitoes
[3]
in insect sprays and candles, and in aromatherapy, which is famous
in Bintan Island, Indonesia and thePhilippines. Therefore, its origin is assumed to be Indonesia. The principal
chemical constituents of citronella, geraniol and citronellol, are antiseptics, hence their use in household
disinfectants and soaps. Besides oil production, citronella grass is also used for culinary purposes, in tea and as a
flavoring.
Citronella is usually planted in home gardens to ward off insects such as whitefly adults. Its cultivation enables
growing some vegetables (e.g. tomatoes and broccoli), without applyingpesticides. Intercropping should include
physical barriers, for citronella roots can take over the field.
[4]

Lemon grass oil, used as a pesticide and preservative, is put on the ancient palm-leaf manuscripts found in India as
a preservative. It is used at the Oriental Research Institute Mysore, the French Institute of Pondicherry, the
Association for the Preservation of the Saint Thomas Christian Heritage in Kerala, and many other manuscript
collections in India. The lemon grass oil also injects natural fluidity into the brittle palm leaves, and
thehydrophobic nature of the oil keeps the manuscripts dry so that the text is not lost to decay due to humidity.
East Indian lemon grass (Cymbopogon flexuosus), also called Cochin grass or Malabar grass (Malayalam:
(inchippullu), is native to Cambodia, Vietnam, India, Sri Lanka, Burma, and Thailand, while West Indian lemon grass
(Cymbopogon citratus) is native to maritime Southeast Asia. It is known
as serai in Malaysia and Brunei, serai or sereh in Indonesia, and tanglad in the Philippines. While both can be used
interchangeably, C. citratus is more suitable for cooking. In India, C. citratus is used both as a medical herb and in
perfumes. C. citratus is consumed as a tea for anxiety in Brazilian folk medicine,
[5]
but a study in humans found no
effect.
[6]
The tea caused a recurrence of contact dermatitis in one case.
[7]

Lemon grass is also known as gavati chaha ( ) in the Marathi language (gavat = grass; chaha = tea), and is
used as an addition to tea, and in preparations such askadha, which is a traditional herbal 'soup' used against
coughs, colds, etc. It has medicinal properties and is used extensively in Ayurvedic medicine. It is supposed to help
with relieving cough and nasal congestion.
[8]