CDM-AMC-FORM

Version 01.0 Page 1 of 5

Approved baseline and monitoring methodology/
methodological tool clarification
request form(Version 01.0)
To be used when submitting requests for clarification of approved methodologies or
methodological tools in accordance with Procedure: Development, revision and clarification of
baseline and monitoring methodologies and methodological tools (CDM-EB70-A36-PROC).
INFORMATION TO BE COMPLETED BY ENQUIRERS
Name of the enquirer:
KONTHAM SUDHAKAR
Affiliation:

Designated National Authority (DNA)
Designated Operational Entity (DOE)
Project Participant (PP)
Coordinating/ Managing Entity (CME)
Other Stakeholder
Title/Subject:
(give a short title or specify the subject of your
submission, maximum 200 characters)
Clarification on definition of Element Process
and application of Baseline Scenarios for Heat
Generation in Waste Energy Recovery Projects
Exact reference (number, title and version) of
the methodology or methodological tool to
which the request for clarification applies:
ACM0012, Consolidated baseline methodology
for GHG emission reductions from waste energy
recovery projects, Version 04.0.0
Name of authorized officer signing for
the enquirer:
KONTHAM SUDHAKAR
Contact Information:
(E-mail addresses and phone contacts for
possible dialogue on the submission)
konthamsudha@vizagsteel.com
Ph:+919989307213
Date (DD/MM/YYYY) and signature for the
enquirer:


Clarification request
Please substantiate the queries relating to the application of approved methodologies or
methodological tools. If the queries are related to a project activity or programme of activities
under development or implementation, please describe the context in which they arose. If
necessary, attach files or refer to sources of relevant information
Vide AM_CLA_250 clarification was sought
1. Whether that the Blast Furnace Stoves or the Rolling Mills Reheating Furnaces, Sinter
Ignition Furnace, Coke Oven Batteries, as Elemental process
2. Whether the baseline scenario (H6/H8) identified in ACM0012 version 4 are applicable to
this type of projects which use internally-generated by-product gases (not any fossil fuel) in
element processes

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CDM-AMC-FORM
Version 01.0 Page 2 of 5

Final response to AM _CLA_250 was published, where in it was indicated that these are not
elemental process because these systems are generating multiple outputs and it is not
possible to monitor the useful energy transferred in case of multiple outputs and to
calculate the efficiency of these process.

In this regard, we wish to bring it to the notice of Methodological Panel about the process of
blast furnace stoves for kind consideration

Blast Furnace Stoves :

The purpose of Blast Furnace is melting iron oxides such as sinter and iron ore using coke to
produce hot iron (metal). For Combustion of coke, oxygen requirement is supplied by sending air
which is called Blast Air. The Blast air is heated in Blast Furnace stoves from 200
0
c to 1250
0
c and
hot blast air burn coke in blast furnaces and melts iron oxides to produce hot iron. During the
process of iron oxide reduction, in addition to hot iron, blast furnace gas and slag is generated as by
product.

To meet heat requirements of Blast Furnace, the hot blast air to be supplied on continuous basis. To
accomplish this, the Blast Furnaces are envisaged with three/four numbers of stoves as per the heat
requirements. These stoves will be cyclic operation where in one or more stoves will be in heating
mode and remaining stove will be in heat transfer mode. The heating mode means, the Blast
Furnace stoves will be heated by product gases( Blast Furnace gas and coke oven gas ) and heat is
transferred to regenerative chequered bricks and fuel gas supply will be terminated once the stoves
achieve stove dome temperature of 1375
0
c or flue gas temperature of 400
0
c. The time required for
heating of stove shall be 50 minutes. Once the stove is completed heating mode, it will used for
heat transfer mode, where in cold blast air passes through the stove which is already completed
heating mode. The blast air is generated in blowers and send to Blast furnace stoves. During the
process, the heat absorbed in regenerative chequered bricks, will be transferred to cold blast air and
temperature of blast air increases from 200
0
c to 1250
0
c and enters in to Blast Furnace for burning of
coke and reduction of iron oxides. The cycle time for heat transfer mode shall be 30-40 minutes.
Upon completion of one stove, the stove which will be in heating mode shall be taken for heat
transfer and the process goes on.

So, in Blast Furnace stoves, the fuel gas combustion heat is transferred to blast air. The thermal
efficiency of Blast Stoves can be calculated as follows
Thermal Efficiency = Heat output / Fuel input
Thermal Efficiency= ( Heat Transferred to Blast Air)/( Fuel Gas consumption in Stoves)

Heat output = Heat Transferred to Blast Air = m* Cp*( T
0
-T
i
)
C
p
= Specific Heat of Blast Air
T
o
= Temperature of Blast Air after outlet of stove
T
i
= Temperature of Blast Air before inlet of Stove
m = Volume of Blast air heated in BF Stoves= Volume in NM
3
/hr * Duration of heating

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CDM-AMC-FORM
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Fuel input = Fuel Gas Consumption in Stoves= Fuel Gas Volume (NM
3
/hr)*NCV(Kcal/ NM
3

)*Duration of heating( hours)


The sample calculation for calculation of Thermal Efficiency of Blast Furnace Stoves is given
below

Heat(Fuel) Input for Blast Furnace Stoves
Parameter Unit Value
Heating Duration of BF Stove Minutes 50
BF Gas consumption NM
3
/hr 110639
NCV of BF gas KJ/ NM
3
3558
Heat Input-BF gas(a) MJ 328054
CO Gas Consumption NM
3
/hr 3576
NCV of Co gas KJ/ NM
3
17271
Heat Input-Co gas(b) MJ 51469
Heat Input(a+b)=c MJ 379523
Heat Output from Blast Furnace Stoves
Parameter Unit Value
Heat Transfer duration of Blast Air Minutes 30
Volume Blast air NM
3
/hr 360000
Blast Air Temperature to at BF Stoves Inlet Oc 200
Blast Air Temperature at BF Stoves Outlet Oc 1250
Specific heat of Blast Air Kcal/ NM
3
/
0
c 0.35
Heat Out put( transferred to Blast Air)(d) MJ 276904
Stove Thermal Efficiency(d/c) % 73.0

From the above, it can be concluded that Blast Furnace Stoves is an element process where in heat is
transferred for single out put i.e hot blast air. This process can be compared to boiler, where the
combustion heat is transferred to water for generation of steam
.


During the heat of stoves, the hot combustion products are released into atmosphere and heat energy
is lost in to atmosphere. In normal circumstances, the waste gases exit from the blast furnace stoves
at temperature e of >350
0
c and estimated volume of waste gases is about 380000 Ncum/hr and heat
is lost to atmosphere. The waste heat of combustion products (waste energy carrying medium) is
recovered by setting up of waste heat recovery system. Installation of waste heat recovery system
shall capture waste heat from combustion products and can be used for preheating of BF gas and
Combustion air for generating heat in Blast furnace stoves. With the result, the input fuel gas to
Blast Furnace stoves shall be reduced. The heat output from Blast Furnace stoves shall not change
as it continues to transfer heat to Blast Air for sending it to Blast Furnace. With the installation of
Waste heat recovery system, the thermal efficiency of Blast Furnace Stove shall increase due to
reduced fuel consumption. The sample calculation of Thermal efficiency of Blast Furnace Stoves
with waste heat recovery system is given below

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CDM-AMC-FORM
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With Waste Heat Recovery System
Heat(Fuel) Input for Blast Furnace Stoves
Parameter Unit Value
Heating Duration of BF Stove Minutes 50
BF Gas consumption NM
3
/hr 90627
NCV of BF gas KJ/ NM
3
3558
Heat Input-BF gas(a) MJ 268717
CO Gas Consumption NM
3
/hr 3576
NCV of Co gas KJ/ NM
3
17271
Heat Input-Co gas(b) MJ 51469
Heat Recovered(c) MJ 59337
Preheated Air MJ/Hr 33195
Preheated BF Gas MJ/Hr 38009
Heat Input(a+b+c) MJ 379522
Heat Output from Blast Furnace Stoves
Parameter Unit Value
Heat Transfer duration of Blast Air Minutes 30
Volume Blast air Heated NM
3
/hr 360000
Blast Air Temperature to at BF Stoves Inlet Oc 200
Blast Air Temperature at BF Stoves Outlet Oc 1250
Specific Heat of Blast Air Kcal/ NM
3
/
0
c 0.35
Heat Out put( transferred to Blast Air)(e) MJ 276904
Stove Thermal Efficiency(e/d) % 86.5

By installing waste heat recovery System, the facility is able to reduce GHG emissions by reducing
the fuel gas input. In the absence of project activity, the Blast Furnace Stoves itself would have
consumed additional amount of Blast Furnace gas to meet heat requirements resulting in additional
GHG emissions
As per the definition of baseline scenario, alternative baseline scenarios which shall provide
equivalent output and also the prevailing practice in the region. It may be noted that in most of the
Blast Furnaces, the Blast Furnace Stoves are heated by Blast Furnace gas and Coke Oven Gas. Most
of the cases, the fossil fuels such as Coal, Natural gas, Furnace oil are not used for generating heat in
Blast Furnace stoves. The Blast Furnace Stoves, which are installed with waste heat recovery
system, shall reduce fuel gas input to the stoves by about 10-15% and consequently GHG emission
reduced. Therefore, baseline scenarios for delivering equivalent heat output could be
(i) Additional heat in Blast Furnace stoves by using more Blast Furnace gas

Emission reduction can be calculated as follows
Heat Supplied to Blast Furnace Stoves through Preheated air and
fuel gas GJ/hr 71
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CDM-AMC-FORM
Thermal Efficiency of Stoves % 86
Max efficiency of Element Process % 100
Heat Equivalent to Blast Furnace stoves considering efficiency of 100%
GJ/hr 71
Operating Hours Hours 8000
Heat Recovered TJ 570
Emission factor of Blast Furnace Gas tCO2/TJ 270
Emission Reduction at BF Stoves tCO2 153800

With installation of waste heat recovery system, the fuel gas (Blast Furnace gas) is reduced at Blast
Furnace stoves and reduces GHG emissions of 153800 tCO2 at Blast Furnace stoves. However, the
reduced BF gas is diverted to Power Plant, where in it displaces coal. Hence end use GHG emission
reduction can be calculated as follows
End use of Blast Furnace Gas
BF gas reduction GJ/hr 71.2
NCV of Boiler Coal MJ/t 15404.5
Boiler Coal displaced Tons/hr 4.6
Emission factor of Boiler Coal tCO2/TJ 92.4
Emission Reduction tCO2 52654
We request Methodological Panel to
Consider, the Blast Furnace Stoves( which are using by product gases) as element process as
it is similar to transferring heat in Boilers

- - - - -

Document information
CDM-AMC-FORM




Version Date Description


01.0 1 April 2013 Initial publication. This document supersedes and replaces the
following documents:

Form for submission of queries from DOEs to the Methodologies
Panel regarding the application of approved methodologies
(F-CDM-AM-Subm) (Version 01.1);

Form for submissions on Small Scale Methodologies and
Procedures (F-CDM-SSC-Subm) (Version 03.1);

Form for submission of queries from DOEs to the Afforestation
and Reforestation Working Group regarding the application of
approved A/R methodologies (F-CDM-AR-AM-Subm)
(Version 01.1);
Form for Submission on Small Scale
Afforestation/Reforestation Methodologies and Procedures (F-
CDM-SSC-AR-Subm) (Version 02.1).

Decision Class: Regulatory
Document Type: Form
Business Function: Methodology
Keywords: request for clarification, revising or withdrawing methodologies
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