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com Mind Maps For SecondaryScience : Volume 3


Oxygen
fromlungs
Oxygen released
to tissue cells
Blood
containing
oxyhaemoglobin
transported
fromlungs to
other body
parts
Combines with
oxygen forming
oxyhaemoglobin
Dark red
compound in red
blood cells
Haemoglobin
Transport of
oxygen by
blood
Bronchiole
Alveolus
Capillaries

Blood
out
Blood
in
Poor in
carbon dioxide
Rich in
oxygen
Moist inner
surface for easy
diffusion
Large surface
area
Very thin walls
(1 cell thick)
Properties
Tiny air sacs
(about 6 millions)
Each
alveolus
surrounded
by capillaries
Alveoli
Inhal at i on
Breathing
Gas exchange
Transport
of oxygen
Respiration
of cells
Processes
Oxyhaemoglobin
releases oxygen
to diffuse into
body cells
Carbon dioxide
diffuses into blood
at same time
Diffusion of
oxygen from
blood capillaries
to body cells
Structure of
Respiratory
System
Oxygen Glucose
Carbon
dioxide
Water
Energy
Nasal cavity
Nostrils
Mouth
Pharynx
Bronchiole
Trachea
Ribs
Bronchus
Alveolus
Balloon
(lungs)
Diaphragm
Ytube
(trachea)
Rubber sheet
(diaphragm)
Diaphragm
muscles contracts
move downwards
flattens out
Thoracic cavity
becomes larger
air pressure
decreases
Higher air pressure
forces air into lungs

Air in
2
1
3
4
Volume increases
Pressure decreases
Air enters
Balloons inflate
Volume decreases
Pressure increases
Air flows out
Balloons deflate
Bell jar
(chest cavity)
Rubber sheet
pulled down
Rubber
sheet
released
A B
Rib cage move
downwards &
inwards
1
Diaphragm
muscles expand
curves upwards
2
Thoracic cavity
becomes smaller
air pressure
increases
3
Higher pressure in
lungs forces air out
of lungs
4
Air out
Exhal ati on
Inhalation
and
Exhalation
HUMAN
BREATHING
MECHANISM
Model of
r espi r at or y
s y s t em
A
Bronchi
(Singular:Bronchus)
b
Bronchioles
c
Trachea a
Alveoli
(Singular:Alveolus)
d
Air enters
lungs through..
STRUCTURE
OF THE
LUNGS
B
Blood
capillaries rich
in carbon
dioxide (poor
in oxygen)
flows to
alveoli
a
Red blood
cells release
carbon dioxide
into alveoli
Oxygen diffuse
through thin walls
of alveoli and
capillaries into the
blood cells
Frominhaled air
Alveolar
air
b
O
2
CO
2
Blood rich in
oxygen
carried to
different
body parts
e
Oxygen
molecule
Red blood cell
oxyhaemoglobin
Diffussion
of oxygen from
alveoli to blood
capillaries
TRANSPORT
OF OXYGEN IN
HUMAN C
lungs
Oxygenbonded
tohaemoglobin
molecules
Haemoglobin
molecules
CO
2
CO
2
RESPI RATI ON
(1 - 2)
VOLUME 3, CHAPTER 1
3
2
1
2
1
3
2
1
c
d
b
a
b
a
b a
b
a
b a
Haemoglobin
c
2
1
3
Alveolus
Capillary
1 cell
thick
wall
2 1
3
Rib cage move
upwards &outwards
2
3
1
c
d

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