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Air in
2
1
3
4
Volume increases
Pressure decreases
Air enters
Balloons inflate
Volume decreases
Pressure increases
Air flows out
Balloons deflate
Bell jar
(chest cavity)
Rubber sheet
pulled down
Rubber
sheet
released
A B
Rib cage move
downwards &
inwards
1
Diaphragm
muscles expand
curves upwards
2
Thoracic cavity
becomes smaller
air pressure
increases
3
Higher pressure in
lungs forces air out
of lungs
4
Air out
Exhal ati on
Inhalation
and
Exhalation
HUMAN
BREATHING
MECHANISM
Model of
r espi r at or y
s y s t em
A
Bronchi
(Singular:Bronchus)
b
Bronchioles
c
Trachea a
Alveoli
(Singular:Alveolus)
d
Air enters
lungs through..
STRUCTURE
OF THE
LUNGS
B
Blood
capillaries rich
in carbon
dioxide (poor
in oxygen)
flows to
alveoli
a
Red blood
cells release
carbon dioxide
into alveoli
Oxygen diffuse
through thin walls
of alveoli and
capillaries into the
blood cells
Frominhaled air
Alveolar
air
b
O
2
CO
2
Blood rich in
oxygen
carried to
different
body parts
e
Oxygen
molecule
Red blood cell
oxyhaemoglobin
Diffussion
of oxygen from
alveoli to blood
capillaries
TRANSPORT
OF OXYGEN IN
HUMAN C
lungs
Oxygenbonded
tohaemoglobin
molecules
Haemoglobin
molecules
CO
2
CO
2
RESPI RATI ON
(1 - 2)
VOLUME 3, CHAPTER 1
3
2
1
2
1
3
2
1
c
d
b
a
b
a
b a
b
a
b a
Haemoglobin
c
2
1
3
Alveolus
Capillary
1 cell
thick
wall
2 1
3
Rib cage move
upwards &outwards
2
3
1
c
d