Table 1.

1 Aluminum Specimen Data

Results Table: Aluminum
Load (g) (mm/mm) (N/mm
2
) P (N) E (MPa) M (N*mm)
395 60 3.89 3.87 64833.3 677.25
495 76 4.87 4.86 64078.9 850.5
595 92 5.85 5.84 60652.2 1022
695 108 6.83 6.82 63240.7 1193.5
795 122 7.82 7.8 64098.4 1365
895 138 8.8 8.78 63768.1 1536.5



Results Table: Steel
Load (g) (mm/mm) (N/mm
2
) P/Force (N) E (MPa) M (N*mm)
395 20 4.09 3.87 204500 708.21
595 36 6.18 5.84 171667 1068.72
795 46 8.25 7.8 179348 1427.4
995 56 10.32 9.76 184286 1786.08
1195 67 12.38 11.7 184776 2141.1
1395 78 14.77 13.69 189359 2554.68








y = 15.823
R = 0.99954
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 5 10
S
t
r
a
i
n

(

)

(N/mm
2
)
Modulus of Elasticity: Aluminum
(Stress vs Strain)
Modulus of Elasticity
(Stress vs Strain)
Linear (Modulus of
Elasticity (Stress vs
Strain))


Results Table: Copper
Load (g) (mm/mm) (N/mm
2
) P (N) E (MPa) M (N*mm)
395 34 3.73 3.87 109706 654.03
495 42 4.68 4.86 111429 821.34
595 50 5.63 5.84 112600 986.96
695 58 6.57 6.82 113276 1152.58
795 67 7.51 7.8 112090 1318.2
895 76 8.46 8.78 111316 1483.82






y = 5.3011
R = 0.99292
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
0 5 10 15 20
S
t
r
a
i
n

(

)

(N/mm
2
)
Modulus of Elasticity: Steel
(Stress vs Strain)
Modulus of Elasticity
(Stress vs Strain)
Linear (Modulus of
Elasticity (Stress vs
Strain))
y = 8.8571
R = 0.99906
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
S
t
r
a
i
n

(

*
1
0
^
-
6

(N/mm
2
)
Modulus of Elasticity: Copper
(Stress vs Strain)
Modulus of Elasticity
(Stress vs Strain)
Linear (Modulus of
Elasticity (Stress vs
Strain))
Specimen
Strain
(mm/mm)
Stress
(N/mm
2
)
E (Mpa)
Theoretical
E (Mpa)
Experimental
Percent
Error
Aluminum 60 3.89 64833 61086 4.80%
Steel 20 4.09 204500 185529 9.3%
Copper 34 3.73 109706 111244 1.40%

Abstract:
The objective of this lab is to find the Modulus of Elasticity of a given specimen
(Aluminum, Steel, Copper) using experimental data and equations. The specimen is
measured out for dimensions; a beam will be holding a load on the end causing a bending
moment. The loads are increased and the corresponding strain to each load will be
recorded. With the recorded data, we will use various equations to find the Modulus of
Elasticity of each specimen. Overall the experiment displayed accurate results.

Introduction

A beam is a structural element that is capable of withstanding load primarily by resisting
bending. The bending force induced into the material of the beam as a result of the
external loads, own weight, span and external reactions to these loads is called a bending
moment. Internally, beams experience compressive, tensile and shear stresses as a result
of the loads applied to them. Typically, under gravity loads, the original length of the
beam is slightly reduced to enclose a smaller radius arc at the top of the beam, resulting
in compression, while the same original beam length at the bottom of the beam is slightly
stretched to enclose a larger radius arc, and so is under tension.

Procedures
1. Measure and record the width, thickness and distance of strain gauge on
specimen.
2. Attach the strain gauge to the strain indicator box and zero out.
3. The set up of the experiment involves the beam being clamped to the table, with a
load hanging on the end.
4. Record the strain reading from the mass hanging off the edge of the beam.
5. Continue adding weighs and record individual strain results from device.