-Ç-C¢√®Ωç 10 ÂÆ°dç-•®Ω’ 2006
Chandan: Of the two who do you find the
better- Sekhar or Srikar?
(Ç Éü¿l-J™, Åçõ‰ ¨Ïê®˝, Xéπ-®˝™ á´®Ω’
¢Á’®Ω’-í∫ç-ö«´¤?/ á´®Ω’ ¢Á’®Ω’-í∫-E-
°œ-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’?)
Santhan: Difficult to say. Each has his
virtues and defects. Srikar is the
more intelligent but Sekhar is the
more industrious.
(îÁ°æpôç éπ≠dçæ . Éü¿l-J™ éÌEo ´’ç*
í∫’ù«©÷ ÖØ√o®·, éÌEo üÓ≥ƒ©÷
ÖØ√o®·.)
Virtue = ´îª÷u– '´— bird ™ '•— ™« ØÌéÀ\-
°æ-©’-èπ◊û√ç– Å®Ωnç – Ææ’í∫’ùç. Gandhi was a
man of virtue = í¬çDµ Ææ’í∫’-ù«©’ éπL-T† ´uéÀh.
Chandan: And who is the more suitable for
this job then?
(Å®·ûË É°æ¤púø’ ´’†èπ◊ 鬢√-Lq† °æEéÀ
á´®Ω’ ûªT-†-¢√®Ω’?)
Santhan: Certainly Sekhar. He doesn't com-
plain about the work.
(¨ÏêÍ®. °æE N≠æߪ’ç™ complain
îËߪ’úø’.)
Chandan: Has he to be
trained?
(ÅûªEÍé´’Ø√o
Péπ~ù
É¢√y™«?)
Santhan: I don't think
so. He has M. SURESAN
two years' experience in the field.
(Å´-Ææ®Ωç ņ’-éÓ†’. Ñ ®Ωçí∫ç™
Åûª-EéÀ È®çúË∞¡x ņ’-¶µº´ç ÖçC.)
Chandan: How good is he at the job?
(Ñ ÖüÓuí∫ç áçûª ¶«í¬ îËߪ’-í∫-©úø’?)
Santhan: He is as good as or even better
than any employee we have.
(É°æ¤púø’ ´’† ü¿í∫_-®Ω’†o ÖüÓu-í∫’-©ç-ûª-é¬F,
Åçûª-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\-´-é¬F ≤ƒ´’®Ωn uç
Ö†o-¢√úø’.)
Good = ´’ç* – Éü¿-Ææ©’ Å®Ωnç. é¬F ûÁ©’-í∫’™
'´’ç*—-™«-í¬ØË, 'good' èπÿú≈ î√™« Ææçü¿-®√s¥™x
àü¿-®·Ø√ ã N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ íÌ°æp/ Ææ´’-®Ω’n-™„j†/
≤ƒ´’®Ωn u-´·-†o ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ ¢√úøû√ç.
good actor = ´’ç* †ô’úø’– DE Å®Ωnç íÌ°æp
†ô’-úøE. ÅçûË-í¬F ´’ç* í∫’ùçí∫© †ô’úø’ ÅE
é¬ü¿’ éπü∆.
good at something = àüÁjØ√ ¶«í¬ îËߪ’-í∫©/
¶«í¬ ûÁL-Æœ†.
He is good at maths = Åûª-EéÀ maths
¶«í¬ ´îª’a.
Chandan: Then let's appoint him. The soon-
er, the better. We've a lot of pend-
ing work.
(Å®·ûË ÅûªúËo Eߪ’-N’ü∆lç. áçûª
ûªy®Ωí¬ Å®·ûË, Åçûª ´’ç*C. °æE ¶«í¬
Ê°®Ω’-èπ◊-§Ú-®·çC.)
pending = °æ‹Jh-é¬E/ °æ‹Jh-îË-ߪ÷-Lq†
Santhan: What about the pay?
(´’J @ûªç Ææçí∫A?)
Chandan: Let's pay him more than what he
gets now in his present job?
(É°æ¤púø’ ÅûªE job ™ §Òçü¿’-ûª’†o
ü∆E-éπçõ‰ áèπ◊\-Nü∆lç).
Santhan: How much more? (áçûÁ-èπ◊\´?)
Chandan: Say Rs. 200/- (È®çúø’´çü¿-Lü∆lç.)
Say = îÁ°æpôç – ´÷´‚©’ Å®Ωnç.
Ééπ\úø Say Åçõ‰ – ņ’-èπ◊çü∆ç.
Spoken English
Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ 2
Santhan: We're going to appoint him. Better
sooner than later. I'll send the
appointment order today itself.
(ÅûªEo appoint îËÆæ’hØ√oç. Ç îËÊÆ-üËüÓ
ûªy®Ωí¬ îËÊÆh †ßª’ç. Ñ®Óñ‰ appoint-
ment order °æç°æ¤û√)
Chandan: O.K. Go ahead. (ÆæÍ®, é¬F.)
Go ahead = é¬F/ é¬E´¤y/ Ææ´’t-Aç-îªôç.
Ram: I want to tell you something.
(Fèπ◊ ØËØÓ-N-≠æߪ’ç îÁ§ƒp-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’Ø√o) 2) Between Bangalore and Hyderabad, 2) Who is the more suitable for this job?
Sam: Go ahead. (é¬F/ îÁ°æp-®·ûË). Bangalore is the cooler = 3) The sooner, the better =
ÉC English ™ common. O’®Ω÷ practice Bangalore is cooler than Hyderabad. áçûª ûªy®Ωí¬ Å®·ûË Åçûª ´’ç*C.
3) Of (between) his two sons, the elder is the
îËߪ’çúÕ. É°æ¤púø’ sentence 3) ™«çöÀ comparative
☯ ☯ ☯
stronger = ÅûªE éÌúø’èπ◊Lü¿l®Óx °ü¿l-¢√úø’ •©- sentences îª÷ü∆lç: Ééπ\úø, È®çúø’ compar-
(The elder is the stronger of his
atives °æéπ\ØË ¢√úø’-ûª’Ø√oç éπü∆. È®çúÕçöÀ
Comparative degree (adjective/ adverb)
´ç-ûª’úø’.
two sons
Ææçü¿-®√s¥-EéÀ ûªT-†ô’x ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬ ¢√úÕûË ´’† con-
ÅE èπÿú≈ ÅØÌa). ´·çü¿÷ the ®√´ôç îª÷úøçúÕ.
4) Pranav: How does he compare with his
versation î√™« Åçü¿çí¬, effective (v°æ¶µ«´ç a) The taller a player is, the better can he
father?
éπ©’-í∫-ñ‰-ÊÆ-C)í¬ Öçô’çC. 鬕öÀd Comparative play =
ÅûªE ûªçvúÕûÓ Åûª-ØÁoç-ûª-´®Ωèπÿ §Ú©a-
degree ¢√úø-ôç™ ¢Á’∞¡-èπ◊-´©’ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÌE ´’† véÃú≈-é¬-®Ω’úø’ áçûª §Òúø’-ÈíjûË Åçûª ¶«í¬ Çúø-
´îª’a? (Åçõ‰ Åûª†’ ûª† ûªçvúøçûª
Spoken English ™ ¢√úøü∆ç: íÌ°æp-¢√ú≈? ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ.) í∫-©úø’.
É™«çöÀ sentences, conversation ™
Sourav: The father is certainly the better.
practice îËߪ’çúÕ.
(éπ*a-ûªçí¬, ûªçvúÕ éÌúø’-éπ\çõ‰ ¢Á’®Ω’í∫’.
(Ééπ\úø - better - comparative. b) Prasad: How did our team play yester-
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 211
Better ûª®√yûª than ™‰†ç-ü¿’† better
´·çü¿’ the.)
day?
(E†o ´’† team ᙫ ÇúÕçC?)
He is as good as ..
a) The Giraffe is taller than any other land Pramod: The less we talk about it, the
compare
animal. Giraffe
Ééπ\úø ¢√úÕ† B®Ω’ í∫´’-Eç-îªçúÕ.
Éûª®Ω ¶µº÷Ω ïçûª’-´¤© éπç-õ‰ better.
How does this car compare with imported
§Òúø’í∫’.
cars? = cars (ü∆E í∫’Jç* áçûª ûªèπ◊\-´í¬
Giraffe =
NüËQ ûÓ DØÁoç-ûª-´-®Ωèπ◊ §Ú©a-
'ï—®√°∂ˇ – 'ï— ØÌéÀ\ °æ©’-èπ◊û√ç.
Compare
´îª’a? Åçûª íÌ°æpü∆? ÅØË Å®ΩnçûÓ. ´÷ö«x-úÕûË Åçûª-´’ç-*C – less -
comparative of little)
Ééπ\úø §ÚLéπ È®çúÕç-öÀ-éπØ√o áèπ◊\´ ¢√öÀ ´’üµ¿u. É™« ¢√úøôç practice îËߪ’çúÕ.
taller - comparative. taller ûª®√yûª than any
How does this CM compare with his pred- c) The higher a place, the colder it is
other (singular)/ than all other (plural) é¬E
=
´Ææ’hçC éπü∆. ecessor? = Ñ ´·êu-´’ç-vAE ûª†èπ◊ ´·çü¿’†o äéπ v°æü˨¡ç áçûª á-ûÁj h-†-üÁjûË (Ææ´·-vü¿-´’ôdç
b) The Giraffe is taller than the Elephant =
´·êu-´’ç-vAûÓ áçûª-´-®Ωèπ◊ §Ú©a-´îª’a? †’ç*) Åçûª xí¬ Öçô’çC.
Giraffe predecessor (v°‘úø-ÂÆÆæ/ v°úÕ-ÂÆÆæ. 'v°‘—E/ 'v°—E
à†’í∫’ éπç-õ‰ §Òúø’í∫’. Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ d) The longer you walk, the healthier you
taller (comparative) than
ûª®√yûª ´Ææ’hçC. ÉC ØÌéÀ\-°æ-©’-èπ◊û√ç) = äéπ °æü¿N/ ≤ƒn†ç™ äéπ-JéÀ become =
èπÿú≈ comparative. Å®·ûË §ÚLéπ È®çúÕçöÀ ´·çü¿’†o ¢√∞¡x†’ predecessor Åçö«ç.
eg: Chandrababu Naidu was the prede-
†’´¤y áçûª áèπ◊\-´í¬ †úÕÊÆh, Åçûª Ç®Ó-í∫u-
sentences (a), (b)
´’üµËu. °j i) compar-
©™
cessor of Rajasekhara Reddy =
ative than
ûª®√yûª ii) comparative
´≤ÚhçC. ®√ï-¨Ï-ê-®˝-È®úÕf ´ç-ûª’-úÕ-´-´¤-û√´¤. =
the ´·çü¿J ´·êu-´’çvA îªçvü¿-¶«-•’-Ø√-ߪ·úø’. †úÕ-*-†-éÌDl Ç®Óí∫uç áèπ◊\´.
´·çü¿’ ™‰ü¿’.
Now compare sentences (A) and (B) below: Predecessor X Successor (ûª®√yûª ´*a† Ñ English proverbs (≤ƒ¢Á’-ûª©’) îª÷úøçúÕ:
Sentence A Sentence B
¢√∞¡Ÿx – °æü¿-N™/ ≤ƒn†ç™) a) The nearer the temple, the farther
eg: YSR is the successor of Chandrababu
The Giraffe is taller Of (between) the Giraffe from god.
than the Elephant = and the Elephant, the Naidu
í∫’úÕéÀ ü¿í∫_-®Ω-®·† éÌDl, üË´¤-úÕéÀ ü¿÷®Ωç.
5) Janaki: Is Rekha as good at dancing as
à†’í∫’ éπØ√o Giraffe Giraffe is the taller =
Åçõ‰ í∫’úÕéÀ ü¿í∫_-®Ωí¬ ÖçúË-¢√∞¡Ÿx, á°æ¤p-úÁjØ√
§Òúø’í∫’. Giraffe, à†’í∫’, Ñ È®çúÕç- Suma?
¢Á∞Ôx-a™‰ ÅE ÅÆæ©’ ¢Á∞¡x-éπ-§Ú-´îª’a, Åçûª
öÀ™ Giraffe §Òúø’í∫’. (Rekha, Suma Åçûª ¶«í¬ dance ¶µºéÀh ™‰éπ-§Ú-´îª’a ÅE.
i) È®çúø’ sentences ™†÷, degree, comparative îËÆæ’hçü∆?) farther - comparative of far.
ii) È®çúø’ sentences ¶µ«´ç äéπõ‰, îÁÊ°p Nüµ¿ç ûËú≈, ÅçûË. Devaki: No, Suma certainly dances the
iii) Sentence A ™ Sentence B ™ com- far =
better.
ü¿÷®Ω-¢Á’i†
comparative ûª®√yûª parative ûª®√yûª than (é¬ü¿’, Æ撢˒, Í®ê éπçõ‰ ¶«í¬ îËÆæ’hçC) b) The more you eat, the less you wish
than ÖçC. ™‰ü¿’. Ééπ\úø èπÿú≈ better (comparative) ´·çü¿’, to eat; the more you earn, the more
iv) Comparative Comparative ´·çü¿’ the ´Ææ’hçC. you wish to earn =
´·çü¿’ the ™‰ü¿’. 'the' ÖçC. Now look at the following sentences from the áèπ◊\´ A†o-éÌDl ûªèπ◊\´ AØ√-©-E-°œ-Ææ’hçC,
v) Sentence subject, Sentence, Of conversation at the beginning of the lesson:
áèπ◊\´ Ææ秃-Cç-*-†-éÌDl, Éçé¬ áèπ◊\´
Giraffe begin
ûÓ (between) ûÓ begin
1) Of the two, who do you find the better, Ææ秃-Cç-î √-©-E-°œ-Ææ’hçC. (ÅçûË éπü∆!
Å®·çC. Å®·çC. Sekhar or Srikar?
éπúø’°æ¤ EçúÕ† ûª®√yûª A†™‰ç. ÅüË úø•’s
Comparative †’ sentence B ™ ™«í¬ conver- (Whom do you find the better? ÅØ√-©E éÌçü¿- ´Ææ÷h Öçü¿†’-éÓçúÕ, Ç, î√™‰x ņ’-èπ◊ç-
sation ™ î√™« ¢√úø’-ûª’çö«ç. Practice îËߪ’çúÕ. whom É™«çöÀîÓôx old fash- ö«´÷? Éçé¬ é¬¢√-©-†’-èπ◊çö«ç)
®Ωç-ö«®Ω’. é¬F
´’J-éÌEo examples îª÷úøçúÕ: ioned - É°æ¤púø’ ¢√úø-õ‰xü¿’) c) The more, the merrier =
1) Of the two girls, the one in the red dress is better - comparative ûª®√yûª than ™‰ü¿’ –
áçûª ´’çü¿-®·ûË, Åçûª Ææ®Ωü∆.
the more beautiful =
Ç Éü¿l-®Ω-´÷t-®·™x, red 鬕öÀd, better ´·çü¿’ the. (°j ´‚úø’ English proverbs; O’
dress™ Ö†o Å´÷t®· áèπ◊\´ Åçü¿çí¬ Å™«Íí conversation ™E éÀçC sentences ™ conversation ™ ¢√úøçúÕ.)
ÖçC. (Comparative
ûª®√yûª than
™‰ü¿’. 鬕öÀd comparative ´·çü¿’ the îª÷úøçúÕ– compara-
comparative
´·çü¿’, the.) tive ûª®√yûª than ™‰†ç-ü¿’-´©x.
ÉO comparative uses.
-§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm