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THERMAL PHYSICS

THERMOMETRY

Thermometry is a science that deals with
the study, design and calibration of
temperature-measuring device called
thermometers.
Each division in the temperature scale is
called a degree ().

Liquid Thermometer

Digital Thermometer

Digital Ear Thermometer

Digital Food Thermometer

Resistance Thermometer

Fever-Bugz Stick-On Fever Indicators



Liquid crystal thermometer
Infrared Thermometer
Thermal Scanner
Breast Thermography
Breast thermography detects patterns of heat produced from the increased
circulation produced by abnormal metabolic activity in cancer cells. Thus,
thermography is a physiological test that detects changes in the breast
tissue that have been shown to correlate with the presence of cancer or pre-
cancerous states.
Sea Surface Temperature

Digital Watch Thermometer

Requirements in the design of thermometers:
1. Thermometric property
This is the property of the material that varies with
temperature such as expansion of liquid, resistance
of the substance, colors and radiation emitted, etc.
2. Standard Temperature
a. Lower Fixed Point it refers to the temperature at
which the solid and the liquid phase coexists.

b. Upper Fixed Point it refers to the temperature at
which the liquid and the vapor phase coexists.

Temperature Scales
1. Celsius Scale
Upper Fixed point
Lower Fixed point
2. Fahrenheit Scale
Upper Fixed point
(normal body temperature)
Lower Fixed point
(freezing point of salt solution)

0
Relationship between Celsius scale and the
Fahrenheit scale

If we consider two
specific temperatures
(i.e., the ice point and
the steam point), the
numerical readings are
obviously different but
the distance between
the two points is the
same for the two
temperature scales.


3. ABSOLUTE TEMPERATURE SCALES
The absolute zero of temperature represents the
lowest possible temperature at which motions of
the particles cease.
Zero degree Celsius, which is the ice point of
water, may give a wrong impression of the
absolute zero of temperature. Therefore, there is
a need to establish the absolute temperature
scale.

absolute zero point =-273.15
o
C
3. Kelvin Scale
absolute zero = 0 K



4. Rankine Scale
absolute zero = 0 R
273
C K
t T
460
F R
t T
Temperature Scales
TRIVIA
The highest temperature in Metro Manila
38.5C was recorded on May 14, 1987.

The 1969 record of 42.2 C in Tuguegarao,
Cagayan is still the hottest in Philippine
weather history.



SEATWORK (PHY12-A6)
On the GeeGee temperature scale, the freezing
point of water is 15
O
GG and the boiling point is
+60
O
GG. Develop a linear conversion equation
between this temperature scale and the Celsius
scale. The highest temperature in Metro Manila,
38.5
O
C was recorded on May 14, 1987. What is
its equivalent in the GeeGee temperature scale?

Seatwork (PHY12-A9)
Metro Manila's temperature soared to 36.6
degrees Celsius last April 18,2014, the hottest
recorded by the government's weather bureau
this year. Assuming Mr. Baun developed his
own temperature scale (ice point is -5B) and
36.6C is equivalent to 723B, what is the
steam point of the Baun scale?



SEATWORK (PHY12-A10)
On the GeeGee temperature scale, the freezing
point of water is 15
O
GG and the boiling point is
+70
O
GG.
Develop a linear conversion equation between
this temperature scale and the Celsius scale.
The 1969 record of 42.2 C in Tuguegarao,
Cagayan is still the hottest in Philippine weather
history. What is its equivalent in the GeeGee
temperature scale?

Seatwork (PHY12-B5)
What is the equivalent temperature of 25C in
the GeeGee Scale?

GeeGee Scale
(Assumed Scale)
Celsius Scale

25
2012GG
55GG

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