TOOL BOX TALK SUBJECTS

01 HSE POLICY

02 SAFETY

03 HSE RULES

04 ACCIDENT PREVENTION

05 HAZARD IN CARPENTRY SHOP

06 MATERIAL HANDLING BY MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

07 H2S

08 NO SMOKING

09 JOURNEY PLAN & ITS ADVANTAGES

10 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT USE AND CARE

11 HOUSE KEEPING

12 CONCRETING (PREPARATION AND POURING OF CONCRETE)

13 STORAGE OF MATERIALS

14 GAS WELDING/CUTTING

15 ELECTRIC ARC WELDING

16 SCAFFOLDING

17 BAR CUTTING AND BENDING

18 BAR FIXING AND FORM WORK

19 ABRASIVE BLASTING

20 PAINTING

21 GRINDING

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22 SAFETY IN USE OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

23 WASTE MANAGEMENT

24 WOOD WORKING MACHINE

25 WORKING AT HEIGHT

26 LIFTING GEARS

27 VEHICLE REPAIRING AND SERVICING

28 HYDROTESTING

29 HEALTH HAZARDS AND PRECAUTION

30 EXCAVATION

31 SAFE HANDLING OF CHEMICALS

32 FIRE, FIRE PREVENTION, DIFFERENT TYPES OF FIRE

EXTINGUISHERS AND THEIR USE.

33 WORKING IN HOT ENVIRONMENT

34 KITCHEN SAFETY

35 HANDLING AND STORAGE OF MATERIAL

36 EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURE FOR H2S

37 HAND TOOLS

38 WORKING IN HYDROCARBON AREAS

39 NEARMISS REPORTS ITS ADVANTAGES

40 SITE SECURITY

41 WORKING WITH HEAVY PLANT

42 CLEAN UP OIL SPILLS

43 ROAD CROSSING/ ROAD WORKS

44 ELECTRICAL WORKS

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45 ASPHALTING OF ROADS

46 LOADING AND UNLOADING OF LOADS FROM TRAILERS

AND LORRIES

47 LAYING OF H.V CABLE

48 LEAK REPAIRS

49 TRANSPORTATION OF LOADS

50 FIRST AID

51 WORK PERMIT

52 WORKING IN CONFINED SPACE

53 TRANSPORTATION OF HEAVY PLANT & EQUIPMENT

54 WORKING NEAR OVERHEAD LINE

55 WORKINF IN L OIL AND GAS STATIONS

56 HYGIENE

57 SEAT BELTS

58 LADDERS

59 ROAD SAFETY

60 HANDLING AND TRANSPORTATION OF GAS CYLINDERS

61 MANUAL HANDLING

62 FENCING

63 WORKING ON ROAD IN USE

64 CELLAR CLEANING

65 WORKING ON ROOF AND FRAGILE ROOF

66 AIR COMPRESSOR AND PNEUMATIC TOOLS

67 FORMAT FOR TOOL BOX MEETING

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01. HSE POLICY

1 What is HSE Policy?

It is the statement issued by the most responsible person of the company

(MD in Al Turki) to express the viewpoint of company top management
towards HSE.

2 Why do we have HSE Policy?

• To make everyone inside as well as outside the company aware of the

commitment of the company management towards HSE.

• To provide firm guideline to everyone concerned as to how HSE has to

be managed within the organization.

• To convey everyone concerned that HSE has to be given the prime

importance.

3 Explain HSE policy statement of ATE

4 What does the company expect from workman?

They have to

• Follow safety rules and procedures (which will be explained to them

from time to time by supervisors/HSE Advisor.)

• Bring to the attention of Sup. / HSE Advisor, any unsafe conditions/

unsafe acts observed by them.
02. SAFETY

• Safety is being in a secured position all living being including human

beings seek security naturally.

• Any threat to safety is unwelcome by any living being.

• In the advent of scientific and technological advancements threats to

safety of human being is day by day increasing due to various activities
performed by them. So there is basic necessity to find out ways and
means to face/manage these treats, to ensure safety.

• Particularly in the working environment, the employer has the moral and
legal obligation of the ensuring the safety of all working for him.

• All employees have the obligation of sticking to the safety rules and
regulations as imposed by the employer.

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SAFETY is being achieved by

• Preventing accidents by applying various Accident Prevention

Techniques.

• Preventing/minimizing injuries by providing various Personal Protective

Equipment (PPE) which prevent/ minimize injuries even in case accident
happens.

• By ensuring availability of adequate first aid/ fire protection/ emergency

handling facilities to minimize adverse effects due to accidents.

• Formulating new safety measures as learnt from past accidents and

implementing the same.

• By creating safety culture among all the employees by proper training,

communication and promotion of safety.

• Threat to safety comes in the form of accidents.

• All accidents are caused by human error.

• People make mistakes because;

• Of ignorance
• People forget things
• People tend to neglect things knowingly due to
- Overconfidence
- Laziness
- Dislike etc.
• Correcting all the above require training and counseling.

• SAFETY is achieved by constant application of safety principles

ACCEDENTS COST HUMAN LIFE
HUMAN LIFE IS PRICELESS
SAFETY PREVENTS ACCIDENTS
SAFETY SAVES HUMAN LIVES
NEVER RELEX ON SAFETY
• Always ensure the following at work site.

• That necessary work permit is obtained and followed.

• Availability of all necessary PPE and usage of them.

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 • Availability of well maintained First Aid Box and First Aider(s).

• That all necessary fire precaution is taken and fire extinguisher of

appropriate type in good working condition is kept.

• Know and make others know what is to be done in case of an

emergency.

03 HSE RULES

• Rules are made after learning from past experience and accidents.

• Rules are firm guidelines provided to all concerned with the view to
prevent accidents and injuries.

• Rules should not be seen as a burden. They are there only to help
everyone to achieve safety. Everyone should follow safety rules always
for our own benefit.

• Explain Al Turki GENERAL SAFETY RULES FOR ALL

EMPLOYESS (REF. ATE HSE MANUAL).

04 ACCIDENT PREVENTION

ACCIDENT - is an unexpected, unplanned, unforeseen, unwanted event

which has or which could have resulted in injury to persons or damage to
property or both.

Some fact about accidents

- Accidents do not just happen. They are caused.

- Accidents bring loss.

- There is a definite cause behind each and every accident, which can be
found out by proper investigation.

- Accidents are caused due to existence of unsafe conditions and unsafe

acts committed by persons.

- Applying appropriate accident prevention techniques, which include

removal of unsafe conditions and unsafe acts, can prevent accidents.

- All accidents are preventable.

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 Effects of accidents

Accidents cause:

- Loss of human lives and thus a lot of suffering to the family of the
victim.

- Injury and thus suffering to the victim including loss of income due to
absence from work.

- Damage to property

- Production loss and other connected losses due to work stoppage after
the accidents.

Thus there is need to prevent accidents due to humanitarian, economic and

legal considerations.

Methods: -

- Identify the hazards present in all activities performed and their effects.
- Find out preventive actions required to manage these hazards.
- Make all the people concerned aware of the hazards in work they are
performing and the precautions required.
- Carry out regular safety inspections to find out unsafe conditions in
work place and unsafe acts committed by people while working.
- Rectify the defects found during inspections.
- Train all the people for safe working.
05 HAZARD IN CARPENTRY SHOP

HAZARDS: -

1) Defective tools: -
Hammer Mushroomed head, cracked handle, loose handle
resulting injuries.
Chisels Incorrect angle of sharpness, blunt chisel cause
improper work and injury.
Jackplane Incorrect angle of blade
Screw-driver Cracked handle, warn out tip and bend rod cause
slipping of
screwdriver injuring the person.
Saw Damage teeth and loose handle.

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 File File without handle causes injury to palm.

Power tools Defective power tools and damaged/loose cable

connections cause electric shock.

2) Unguarded wood cutting machine: -

Person may come in contact with sharp edges of tool, saw blade. The
wooden piece may fly off and hit personnel

3) Projected nail and other wooden pieces cause injury.

4) Saw dust cause respiratory problem.

5) The wood/saw dust when exposed to ignition source cause fire.

PRECAUTION: -

1) Always check the tool for any defect before use. The defective tools
should be returned to tool store for repairs/ rejection.

2) The moving/ rotating parts should be fitted with proper guards.

3) Use push rods while working on wood cutting machine.

4) Use safety goggles, dust mask, shoes and helmet while working on wood
cutting machine. No loose cloth or jewelry (ring, chain etc.) should be
worn.

5) Good cleaning and house keeping reduces the accidents.

6) Do not store flammable material in carpentry shop.

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06 MATERIAL HANDLING BY MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

HAZARDS: -

1) DEFECTIVE EQUIPMENT

2) INCOMPETENT OPERATOR

3) KNOCKING OF PERSON AND ASSET

4) FALL OF LOAD

PRECAUTION: -

1 The forklift and crane should be checked for any defect and
regularly serviced and maintained.

2 The lifting equipment should be tested and certified by

competent person and should be valid.

3 The operator should be an authorized competent person

4 The lifting equipment should not be overloaded.

5 The operator should not have visual obstruction while operating

the equipment.

6 Sufficient passage should be available for free movement of the

machinery.

7 The forklift and crane should be run at safe speed.

8 Horseplay as riding, jumping on forklift, crane should not be

permitted.

9 Care should be taken of overhead lines and assets around the

area.

10 The mechanical conveyor should be guarded and movement of

person near it should not be permitted.

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07 H2S

H2S (Hydrogen Sulphide) is poisonous gas found in oil wells and

gathering station of petroleum industry. It has smell of rotten egg and is
heavier than air. The smell at higher concentration can not be detected due
to damage to smelling organ of nose The effect of H2S is to paralyze the
diaphragm responsible for breathing action of lugs thus causing
asphyxiation of person. The TLV of H2S gas is 10-PPM .The H2S is
flared up in atmosphere.

PRECAUTION: -

1 The person required to work in H2S area should undergo training in

H2S awareness and escape and should have valid H2S permit.

2 The tested H2S monitor should be carried while in H2S areas.

3 Do not enter in H2S area without permission.

4 The H2S gas is heavier than air and may collect in trenches or
confined space; hence, H2S test should be performed before
entering these areas.

5 In case of any detection gas, evacuate the area moving first across
and then upwards to the direction of wind and report at assembly
point, inform site in charge.

6 Do not try to repair the leak, or lift back any affected person from
site. The emergency team of the site will do this.

08 NO SMOKING, ITS ADVANTAGES

"SMOKING IS INJURIES TO HEALTH" is a very common slogan

known to all, but even then large number of smokers through out the
world. The smoking starts with curiosity and ends with hard habits.

ADVANTAGES OF NO SMOKING :-

1 The working efficiency of respiratory system of human body

does not decrease.

2 The chances of respiratory diseases are much reduced.

3 The possibility of mouth, throat and lung cancer is reduced.

4 Non-smokers have lower rate of heart attack.

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 5 The non-smokers do not pollute the air, hence, is not a cause of
health hazard for his family and companions.

6 No smoking eliminates the ignition source for any fire or

explosion.

09 JOURNEY PLAN & ITS ADVANTAGES

Journey Management is a procedure, which is used to reduce the risk and

accidents during unavoidable road transport operation.

Journey plan is a written document with details of timing and route of the
journey including rest stops of the vehicle, driver and the passengers.

Journey plan is prepared by the journey manager who plans, monitors and
closes out the journey.

ADVANTAGES OF JOURNEY PLAN: -

1. Unnecessary journey are eliminated.

2. The journey plan is discussed; hence, the driver is well aware of

duties.

3. Only suitable driver and vehicle is allowed to perform the

journey.

4. All the necessities of driver like food, water, money,

accommodation, etc. are taken care during planning.

5. The violation of mandatory requirement like R.O.P. License,

Registration, PDO permit, etc. is eliminated.

6. The temptation of over speeding by driver is reduced due to

availability of sufficient time provided for the journey.

7. The driver and journey manager are well aware of Emergency

response and Man lost procedure, hence, the situation is always
under control.

10 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT, ITS USE AND CARE

It is the last line of defense. After exhausting all the necessary mechanical
or physical precautions for given hazards, one must wear PPE as and
when required.

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Heat Protection : To protect against head injury when you are
exposed to being stuck/by falling/ flying
objects. Chinstrap to be used especially for
working at height. Hardhat should not be
tempered with e.g. drilling holes.
Do not use hardhat without suspenders.

Eye protection : Various activities require the eye protection,

e.g. cutting, chipping, buffing, grinding,
handling of chemicals, welding or cutting
operation, painting etc. To be handled and
stored so that the safety glasses/ goggles does
get scratches for clear visibility.

Ear protection : Whenever high noise level is encountered

during works (beyond 85 dB) appropriate ear
protections should be worn.

(Respiratory : This is mainly against the hazard of dust and

Protection) fumes to be worn.

Body Protection : Leather aprons, gloves for welding/ gas cutting

works. Rubber/PVC aprons for handling
corrosive, chemicals, acid, alkali, etc.

Hand Protection : Appropriate type of hand protection should be

used. e.g. for handling metal, rods, bricks,
blocks, timber etc., use cotton (heavy types
hand gloves). For chemicals use correct type of
gloves depending on chemicals properties.

Feet protection : Depending on the type of activity being carried

out, use the feet protection e.g. safety shoes,
gumboots, chemical resistant etc.

Safety Harness : You shall wear safety harness for protection

against fall. Activity such as erection/
dismantling of scaffold, working on slopping
roofs etc. Ensure that lifeline is fastened to a
rigid support.

H2S Monitor & : Required to be carried while in working in

Escape Hood H2S area and escape hood to be kept by the
personnel close to its working place. Monitor
to be carried out preferably in chest pocket.

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 All these equipment should be checked before they are being carried to
the work site for its proper condition. If it is found damaged return them
to store for repair/ replacement. You take care of your PPE. It will take
care of you.

11 HOUSE KEEPING

HOUSE KEEPING IS;

♦ Taking care of your work area.

♦ It means more than neatness

♦ Good Housekeeping calls for constant care. It is not one time

affair.

• BAD HOUSEKEEPING can be a cause of ACCIDENTS such as;

- Trips & Falls

- Fire

- Hitting against objects

• GOOD HOUSEKEEPING is achieved by;

♦ Ensuring right place for everything.

♦ Ensuring that everything is in its place.

• BENEFIT OF GOOD HOUSEKEEPING

♦ Promotes safety by preventing accidental injuries and fire.

♦ Presents a pleasant atmosphere and thus enhances morale of

people working.

♦ Make jobs easy by easy identification, placement and retrieval of

materials.

• H. K. MADE-EASY

♦ Make Housekeeping a part of your job - Important part of your

job.

♦ Don’t treat it as separate job to be done at the end of each day.

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• TIPS FOR GOOD HOUSEKEEPING

♦ Clean your tools and store them properly.

♦ Store rejected tools separately.

♦ Clean and maintain machinery properly.

♦ Store the material neatly and securely.

♦ Keep your work surroundings clean and neat.

♦ Always keep the gangway/walkways clear.

12 CONCRETING
(PREPARATION AND POURING OF CONCRETE)

HAZARDS & EFFECTS

♦ Prolonged exposure to cement, sand (silica) dust will create

breathing disorder (pneumoconiosis).

♦ Noise of Mixer Machine - Prolonged exposure will cause

hearing impairment.

♦ While starting the mixer machine engine, the handle may come
out and hit the person operating it due to improper operation or
due to using untrained person.

♦ Unguarded machine parts can cause injury.

♦ Diesel/ Oil leakage, improper house keeping can cause fire.

♦ While pouring concrete, particles can enter into the eyes persons
standing nearby due to splashing.

♦ Collapse of formwork, if not designed/ erected properly.

♦ Poor quality of concrete may cause collapse of structure while

removing shuttering.

Do's and Don’ts

♦ Wear necessary PPE (Goggles, Dust mask, Ear plug, etc.)

whenever required.

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 ♦ Only trained persons should operate mixer machine. Do not
operate the mixer machine, If you are not the designed person.

♦ Operator to check the machine for unguarded parts/ any leaks

etc. Report defect to Supervisor/S.O.

♦ Check for work/supports/ props before pouring.

♦ Ensure proper quality of concrete before pouring.

13 STORAGE OF MATERIALS

HAZARDS

♦ Fall of materials due to poor stacking/ storage.

♦ Fire in case of flammable materials.

♦ Collapse of rack due to poor design/overloading.

♦ Hazards due to material handling.

♦ Trips, falls, hitting against - due to poor house keeping.

EFFECTS
♦ Injury to person
♦ Damage to material

PRECAUTIONS

♦ Ensure proper stacking of materials.

♦ Store heavy materials down, as far as possible and practicable.

♦ Keep flammable materials separately and as per requirements.

♦ Prohibit smoking in store.

♦ Do not overload racks.

♦ Ensure proper house keeping

♦ Keep gangways/ walkways clear to facilitate free movement of

men/ handling equipment.

♦ Store materials only up to safe height.

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 ♦ Provide Fire Extinguisher of appropriates type at appropriate
locations.

14 GAS WELDING/ CUTING

HAZARDS & EFFECTS

1) Fire/ Explosion due to

♦ Flash back

♦ Leakage of flammable gas

♦ Poor house keeping can cause serious injuries/ burns to

persons and damage to properties.

2) Sudden release of fittings (pressure gauge, control valves etc.)

due to improper fitting/ improper handling of cylinders can
cause serious injury to persons.

3) Contact with hot material (being welded or just welded) can

cause burn injury.

4) Heat effects

PRECAUTIONS

♦ Ensure torches are fitted with flash back arresters.

♦ Use properly color coded cylinder to identify oxygen and fuel

cylinders (Oxygen Black, Acetylene- Maroon).

♦ Keep the cylinders in vertical (upright) position always. Chain

them in storage to prevent falling and getting damaged.

♦ Mobile cylinders should be mounted on proper trolleys and

chained.

♦ Check for damages in the hoses.

♦ Ensure that hoses are connected and tightened properly with

clips at both ends.

♦ Do not use damaged hoses.

♦ Check proper mounting of all fittings on the cylinder. Also

ensure their proper functioning.

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 ♦ Use necessary PPE while working.

♦ Ensure the workshop is kept free of flammable materials and

proper house keeping.

♦ Store empty cylinders and full gas cylinders, which are not in
use separately in a place sufficiently away from the workshop.

♦ Keep hot objects separately with caution boards on it.

♦ Provide sufficient rest/ pause to workmen to avoid heat stress.

RECOVERY

♦ Provide fire extinguishers and fire blankets in appropriate places.

♦ Train personnel in fire fighting.

♦ Keep well maintained F/A Box and First Aider(s) in Work shop/
work site.

♦ In case of burn injury, cool the affected part by applying plenty

of cold water and render other First Aid including keeping the
person in relaxed position.

♦ In case of serious injuries call for medical assistance by dialing

PDO emergency cell (5555).

15 WELDING/ CUTTING

WELDING - ELECTRIC ARC

HAZARDS & EFFECTS

1. Ultra Violet Radiation - Damage to eye

(ARC Eye)

2. Heat - Heat Disorder

3. Hot objects - Burn due to probable contact

4. Electricity - Electric Shock/ Burn

5. Fire - Damage to person/ property

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 6. Lead Wires on Floor - Trip/ Fall of personnel

7. Welding Fumes - Metal Fume Fever

PRECAUTIONS

♦ Use filter lens of appropriate grade/shade, while welding.

♦ Do not look at the arc with naked eyes.

♦ Use necessary PPE (safety shoes, cover all, hand gloves, helmet,
etc.)

♦ Keep hot materials separately with caution words written on it.

♦ Check lead wire properly. Do not use wires/ cables with

damaged insulation.

♦ Check proper connection of lead wires at both the ends

(Machine & work piece).

♦ Ensure proper house keeping. Do not keep flammable material

nearby.

♦ Arrange lead wires in an orderly fashion. Do not leave them

haphazardly on the floor.

♦ Provide sufficient rest pause for workmen to prevent heat

disorders.

♦ Ensure proper ventilation in welding shop.

16 SCAFFOLDING

♦ Working at a height 1.5 meter or more from ground level require

properly erected scaffolding.

♦ Erecting, dismantling and working on scaffolding is a risky job

requiring sufficient skill and knowledge of workmen.

♦ Failure to follow guideline will lead to

- Fall of person/ objects from height.

- Collapse of scaffolding and thus serious injuries.

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 ♦ Explain various parts of scaffolding.

♦ Explain ATE scaffold checklist.

♦ Doe’s and Don’ts (Precautions)

♦ Only experienced persons should erect/ dismantle

scaffolding as per the guidelines.

♦ Do not use scaffolding unless it is inspected and

accepted for use.

♦ Always use ladders to get on to and get down from

scaffoldings. Do not use short cuts.

♦ Do not overload scaffolding platform.

♦ Keep the work platform clean and tidy without

causing hurdles for movement of persons.

♦ Do not remove any parts of scaffolding (particularly

hand rails, platform boards, tow boards).

♦ Always lock the wheels of mobile scaffolding while

using.

♦ Get down from the scaffolding before moving to

another place. Do not move the mobile scaffold while
persons are on it.

17 BAR CUTTING & BENDING

Working with bar cutting, bar bending machinery has its inherent hazards
due to their sharp edged tools and moving machinery parts. These are
hazardous operations with potential to cause injuries to person working on
it and nearby. They require to be operated only by trained and experienced
persons.

DOs and DON'Ts (Precautions)

♦ Do not use blunt/ damaged tools in bar cutting machine.

♦ Check that machine is working properly before commencing

operation.

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 ♦ Ensure that pedal switch and limit switches are working
satisfactory in bar bending machine.

♦ Keep the machinery switch under lock and key to prevent

unauthorized operation.

♦ Only trained and designated operator should operate the

machine.

♦ Do not keep your hands in hazardous zone while machine is

being operated to prevent trapping of hand and fingers in
between moving tools/ other moving parts.

♦ Look out for personnel standing/ working nearby while handling

long bars/ bending long bars.

♦ Wear necessary PPE (Leather gloves and goggles and other

basic PPE).

♦ Inspect hand tools before use - Do not use defective tools.

18 BAR BENDING AND FORM WORK

HAZARD & EFFECTS:

♦ Sharp edges of bars/ formwork can cause injury while handling.

♦ Fixing and removal of nail in formwork can cause injuries, if

done by untrained personnel.

♦ Use of defective hand tools can cause injuries to persons

working and other nearby.

♦ Throwing removed formwork, without nails removed from it can

cause injuries to persons stepping on it etc.

♦ Fixing formwork, working on bar bending, in a place at height

can lead to fall of persons if proper work platform and access are
not provided.

♦ Improper manual lifting can cause back injury.

PRECAUTIONS

♦ Use of trained personnel.

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 ♦ Inspect hard tools before use. Do not use defective tools.

♦ Use necessary PPE.

♦ Remove nails from removed formwork as and when they are

removed.

♦ Ensure proper house keeping.

♦ Provide adequate work platform and means of access for work at

height.

♦ Training in manual lifting.

19 ABRASIVE BLASTING

♦ This is hazardous operation of cleaning jobs (components) by

blasting abrasive grits using compressed air, with many potential
hazards.

♦ Use of defective equipment, compressed air hoses, and improper

connection can cause sudden release of components/ hoses,
which can cause serious injury to persons.

♦ Static electricity generated by the blasting operation can cause

electric shock.

♦ Enormous noise produced can damage the ear.

♦ Flying of grits can cause physical injury to persons operating

and working nearby.

♦ Grits can fly off to a considerable distance and spoil the

surrounding place.

♦ Improper manual lifting can cause back and other injuries to

body organs.

♦ Improper posture while loading, cleaning of pot can cause

injury.

♦ Inhalation of dust.

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 PRECAUTIONS

♦ Ensure proper earthing of blasting gun as well as the job.

♦ Do not operate, if you are not authorized person.

♦ Always use the hood (blaster's helmet) and other necessary PPE
(ear muff, cover all, hand gloves, safety shoes etc.)

♦ Ensure proper functioning of deadman's handle.

♦ Ensure proper connection and coupling of all joints and that the
hoses are in good condition before opening air supply valve.

♦ Open the valve gradually.

♦ Grit blasting operation has to be carried out in enclosed place to

prevent flying of grits to distant places.

♦ Barricade the area with warning tape and display cautionary sign
bard to prevent of unauthorized/ unwanted persons.

♦ Maintain good house keeping and timely removal of spent grit

without accumulation.

♦ Ensure persons are properly trained.

♦ Ensure use of goggles, dust protection and other necessary PPE.

20 PAINTING

HAZARD & EFFECTS:

• Inhalation of paint mist/ thinner vapor will damage the

respiratory system.

• Entering of mist/vapor into eyes can cause damage to eyes.

• Skin contact can cause dermatitis

• Fire hazards as paints/ thinners are highly flammable material.

• Improper manual lifting can cause injury to back or other organs.

• Use compressed air during application can damage the

respiratory system due to inhalation.

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 PRECAUTIONS:

• Paints and thinners to be stored in separate area with necessary

fire precautions.

• Wear appropriate filter mask, goggles, hand gloves, cover all to

prevent adverse effect on health due to contact of paint/ thinner.

• Ensure proper work platform/ access for doing painting at

height.

• No smoking in paint storage/ where painting is going on.

• Ensure paint drums/tins are emptied properly before disposal.

• Ensure availability of eyewash in painting area and people are

trained to use it.

• Ensure training to personnel in manual lifting.

• Breathing apparatus to be used.

• Before attempting to repair nozzle/hose ensure that the

equipment is depressurized.
21 GRINDING

HAZARD AND EFFECTS:

• Flying particles entering into eyes, hitting body parts.

• Flying of grinding wheel by breaking of grinding wheel or due

to loose fastening, may lead to serious injury including fatality.

• Flying sparks may cause fire.

• Contact with running grinding wheel will cause serious injuries.

• High level noised produced during grinding can cause hearing

impairment upon prolonged exposure.

• Unguarded machinery part like pulleys/ drive belts can cause

injury.

• Electrical hazard - particularly in portable grinding machines.

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 PRECAUTIONS

• Fasten grinding wheel properly and to the requisite torque using

correct spanner (appropriate tool).

• Use grinding wheel of appropriate grade and size (diameter)

depending on the type of job done the r.p.m. of the machine.

• Ensure guards are there in place for the grinding wheel to

prevent accidental contact with running wheel.

• Do not operate, if guards are not there or with guards removed.

• Use necessary PPE, goggles, protective clothing, gloves for

protection against flying particles/sparks.

• Take all necessary fire precaution for prevention of fire.

• Keep fire extinguisher of appropriate type to tackle fire in case

of its break out.

• Ensure proper housekeeping, removal of all flammable material

in nearby vicinity.

• Use hearing protection (Ear plugs/muffs).

• Only trained persons should operate the machine.

• Ensure lead wires are defect free and provided with earth
connection in case of portable grinding machine.

• Position yourself/ change the direction of wheel rotation in such

a way that sparks are directed away from you/ downwards.

• Do not carry out grinding operation on a tank/ vessel, which

contained flammable materials without proper permission and
precaution.

• Do not cut the cover of a drum, which contained flammable

material by grinding.

22 SAFETY IN USE OF ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

HAZARDS OF ELECTRICITY

Electric shock

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Burn

Fire due to sparking/arcing/short circuit/ heat due to over loading.

Electricity is flow of charged particles called electrons.

Electricity flows from high potential to low potential.

Earth is at Zero potential.

Electric current flows through human body if it happens to connect high

potential to low potential and can cause.

1. Electric shock

2. 'Burn' to the body parts at both ends (point of entry and point of
exit).

3. 'Burn' to internal body parts.

4. 'Burn' due to flash over in electrical switching equipment.

• Electric shock can

- Kill a person

- Damage muscles and nerves and disable a person

• Severity of shock depends on the amount of current passing

through the body.

• Connecting the equipment body to earth reduces the amount of

current passing through human body coming in contact with
faulty equipment and thus reduces the chance of electric shock.

PRECAUTIONS

• Ensure insulations of lead wires are in tact to prevent conductors

from being exposed.

• Ensure that terminal points are covered properly.

• Do not use lead wires with joints in between.

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• Ensure terminals of wire lead are connected properly without
any loose connections. Loose connections can cause spark and
thus fire, burning the terminal boxes and insulation.

• Do not overload the equipment, it will create excess heat and can
burn the insulation.

• Use fuses of appropriate rating for protection against

overloading.

• Use equipment with double insulated lead wires.

• Ensure proper body earthing of equipment. It will prevent shock

due to faulty equipment.

• Only authorized person should carry out repairs on electrical

equipment.

• Do not use defective equipment.

• Use only proper extension cords without any joints in between,

and of appropriate rating.

• Ensure that industrial sockets used are having the closing type
protective cover to prevent exposure of terminals while the
socket is not being used.

• Disconnect the equipment from power source when not in use to

prevent unauthorized accidental operation.

• Ensure that portable electrical equipment are provided with

deadman's switch and check it is working properly.

RECOVERY

In case of electrocution.

- Switch of electric supply.

- Do not touch the person while he is in contact with electric

supply.

- Use wooden pole/ similar insulator to remove contact from

conductor if supply could not be stopped.

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 - Give appropriate first aid.
It the person is not breathing,
Cardio Pulmonary resuscitation to be done by a trained first
aider.

- Call for medical assistance immediately.

- Unconscious breathing person, keep the victim in relaxed

position.

- Keep a watch on the person. Call for medical assistance

immediately.

- For burns - Cool the affected body parts by applying

cold water.

- Call for medical assistance in case of

serious injury.
Administer other appropriate first aid.

- Keep a well-maintained First Aid Box at

all work sites.

- A trained First Aider to be present with all

working crews.

- Know the emergency procedure and PDO

emergency contact phone number - 5555.

23 WASTE MANAGEMENT

• Waste - is any material, which is discarded as not being required. Waste

can be in any of his forms.

• Waste generated by anyone should not be thrown away without any

control because waste has an adverse impact on the environment.

• It can pollute the land, water or air surrounding us, which in turn will have
damaging effects on ecological systems, persons who are using polluted
water or breathing polluted air will have health damage.

• So wastes thus generated should be segregated and disposed safely in the

segregated area as per the guideline given by PDO.

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• Control has to be more stringent in case of hazardous/ chemical wastes
and as per the guideline in force.

• Main wastes generated in our operations are:

- Domestic waste, kitchen waste in camp area.

- Office waste

- Industrial waste such as waste wood, masonry waste, metal

scrap, grit etc.
ATE waste disposal procedure stipulates how various wastes
have to be collected and disposed.

- In PDO oil gas production stations waste gases such as H2S,

Hydrocarbon gases are disposed by flaring (burning) as leaving
them as such in the atmosphere will pollute the atmosphere
much more.

- Sewage water is disposed to the treatment plants though

pipelines where the water is treated to remove/ reduce the
contaminants to tolerable level before refusing/disposing.

- Keeping records of wastes generated and disposal is also

important to find out any requirement to take necessary steps to
minimize the waste generated.

24 WOOD WORKING MACHINES

HAZARD AND DEFECTS

- Unguarded moving parts of machine and unguarded operating

tools like circular saw can cause severe injury due to accidental
contact.

- Use of sharp edged tools (circular saw, blades of planning tools

etc.) can cause injury during handling/ replacing tools.

- Creation of wood dust during operation can enter the eyes and
damage them, can cause breathing problem if inhaled.

- Fire hazard due to presence of presence of wooden scrap/ wood

kept for working.

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- Trips/ falls due to improper stacking/ housekeeping and thus
injury.

- Injury due to improper material handling (manual).

- Dust can cause damage to the respiratory system.

PRECAUTIONS

- Ensure availability of all necessary guards to moving machinery

parts and the cutting tools.

- Ensure movable guards for wood cutting machine are in place

while working on the machine. Do not operate without guards.

- All the moving parts of the machinery such as shaft, pulleys,

drive belts etc. are to be covered properly by suitable guards/
cover plates.

- Exposed/ uncovered moving parts can cause injury to personnel

due to accidental contact of body parts with them or due to
entanglement of loose cloths/ other apparels.

- PRECAUTION

- Check all the guards provided to machinery are securely in place

before starting work.

- Rectify/ replace guards as appropriate if defect is observed,

immediately.

- Do not operate with defective or inadequate guards or without

guards in place.

- Do not remove the guards from the machinery for carrying out
any short cut operation. (Operations which are not normally
intended to be done with machine)

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25 WORKING AT HEIGHT

HAZARDS AND EFFECTS:

- Fall of persons from height can cause severe injury including

fatality.

- Fall of materials, tools etc. from height can cause injury to

persons working below.

PRECAUTIONS:

- Any job requiring persons standing at a height of 1.5 m or above

from ground level has to be provided with a properly erected
scaffold.

- Take all necessary precautions required for erecting using and

dismantling scaffolding.

- For roof work / any other work on high structure (Safety

harness) life harness should be used. (Life belt by all personnel)

- While working on a high structure keep all materials, tools, etc.

in a safe place so that it does not fall down or present any
hindrance to movement of persons.

- While working on high structure especially roof work, work

must be stopped in case of heavy wind. (Wind speed exceeding
40 km / h.)
- Use only trained personnel for working at height.

- Do not engage any persons for working at height that is known

to have vertigo problem.
RECOVERY:

- In case of injury, give appropriate first aid.

- Keep a well maintained Fist Aid Box and First Aider at site.

- Call for ambulance on PDO Emergency Phone No. 5555, in case

of serious injury.

- Ensure availability of stand by vehicle at remote site.

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26 LIFTING GEARS:

Fiber slings, wire rope slings, chain slings, tackle, hooks, shackles, etc.)

Lifting gears are the link between the lifting machinery and the load being
lifted. It is as important as the lifting machinery itself. Improper use of or
use of defective lifting gear will lead to fall of load being lifted and can
cause serious injuries and or damage of material.

- All lifting gears should be marked with safe marking load

(S.W.L.) i.e. the maximum load it can be subjected to.

- All lifting gears should be inspected by a third party (competent

person) and certified every six months.

- All lifting gears used are defect free. If any defect is noticed the
defective lifting gear should be withdrawn from use.

- Know the PDO color-coding system and the current color code.

- All lifting gear in use should be color coded properly.

- Do not use damaged slings or slings without current color code.

- Slinging should be done by trained person only.

- Know the weight of the load being lifted.

- Use lifting gears with SWL greater than the weight being lifted.

- Store the slings in proper storage to prevent damage from

corrosion, heat, etc.

- Maintain lifting gears such as shackles, wire rope slings, which

require periodically lubrication etc.

- Periodical inspection and color-coding of lifting gears.

- Know PDO color-coding system and current color code.

- Use lifting gears with cur rent color-coding only.

- Competent and licensed operators for operating the handling

equipment.

- Ensure good house keeping.

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 - Ensure the place where the material has to be kept is clear,
before lifting the load.

- Ensure that the way (path) is clear.

- Trained slingers and signalman.

- Marking of SWL (safe working load) on lifting equipment and

lifting gears.

- Know the weight of material being lifted.

- Do not overload the lifting equipment or lifting gears (slings and

tackles).

- Do not stand under load.

27 VEHICLE REPAIRING AND SERVICING.

HAZARD AND DEFECTS

• Use of defective tools/ improper use of tools (Hand tools and as

well as power operated tools) can cause injury to persons
operating it or nearby.

• Use of compressed air for tyre inflation/ pneumatic tools etc. and
use of pressurized water jet for while cleaning/ servicing have
the inherent hazard of

i. Use of defective/ improper hoses.

ii. Improper claming and coupling of the hoses

Which can cause burst/ or release of hose and injury to persons

nearby.

• Fire hazard due to cleansing agents, fuel inside the tanks of

vehicles, storage of fuel, thinner nearby and poor house keeping.

• Battery charging requires use of sulphuric acid, which can cause

injury to persons handling it due to.

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 - Inhalation of fumes
- Contact with body parts
- Contact of acid/ acid vapor with eyes.

• Assembling and inflating tyres can cause flying of rims if not

done properly using proper tools.

• Slip/ fall due to oil spillage/ bad house keeping can cause injury.

PRECAUTIONS

• Check all the tools before use.

• Do not use defective tools.

• Use only the right tool for the job.

• Report defects to supervisor.

• Check the wheels of vehicle before carrying repairs.

• Only trained person to carry out the work. Do not do the work, if
you are not the person for it.

• Use cage foe inflating the tyre.

• Clamp all air/ water hoses with proper clips and proper
couplings securely. Binding the couplings together with binding
wire.

• Use all necessary PPE especially for acid handling use rubber
gloves, goggles and mask.

• Ensure proper ventilation in battery charging room.

• Ensure proper house keeping. Oil spillage must be cleansed

immediately.

• The mechanic should keep ignition key with him until the
repairs are completed.

RECOVERY

• In case of any injury give appropriate first aid.

• Call for ambulance in case of serious injury.

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 • Call for fire brigade in case of major fire.

• Know emergency procedure and PDO emergency number –

5555.

• Ensure the following:

- Well-maintained F.A. Box and trained F/Aider are

available.

- Availability of DCP fire extinguishers at appropriate

locations.

Availability of eyewash at battery charging room and

persons concerned are aware of usage.

28 HYDROTESTING

HAZARD AND DEFECTS

• Sudden release of high pressure due to rupture of joints/ system

being tested, due to inadequate design/ defective joints, can
cause injury to persons doing the job nearby.

• Flying off of fittings like pressure gauge, valve etc. due to

improper mounting can cause injury even to persons at distant
place.

• Bursting of high-pressure hose of the machine due to defective

hose/ improper connection can cause injury.

• Defective pressure gauge can lead to application of pressure

more than the required limit and lead to rupture of the system
being tested.

PRECAUTIONS

• Ensure availability of proper work permit.

• Hydrotesting to be performed by trained person.

• Barricade the area with warning tape and display caution board
to prevent unauthorized entry of persons.

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 • Ensure that the testing machine and the connected hoses are in
good working conditions.

• Ensure proper tightening of all fittings, joints and other

connections before starting.

• Ensure that calibrated pressure gauges are used and that they are
in good working order.

• Increase the pressure gradually so that any defect/ leak can be

observed at the initial stage before leading to rupture.

• If any leak/ defect is observed, depressurized the system before

attending to it.

29 HEALTH HAZARDS AND PRECAUTIONS

In our activity health hazards are caused by:

• A) DUST
• B) VIBRATION
• C) NOISE
• D) USE & HANDLING OF CHEMICALS
• E) MANUAL LIFTING

CONSEQUENCES PRECAUTION
(A) DUST - Breathing difficulty Breathing protection (Dust mask)
- Eye and ear injury Eye and ear protection

(B) VIBRATION – Personal injury Use of PPE

(Use of compactor
Jack hammer,
Vibrator, Operations of
equipment such as rock
breaker, JCB, etc.
(C) NOISE – Hearing loss.
(Beyond 85 dB)
(D) See safe handling of chemicals
(E) Manual lifting back injury
Where possible rotate the person,
E.g., use of compactor, jack hammer,
vibrator, etc.
More frequent rest for operator.
- Use ear protection
- Training.

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 30 EXCAVATION

The excavation is a process of digging and removing earth, sand, stone,

etc. from the ground to make pit / trench of certain dimensions manually
with hand tools or mechanically with heavy plants.

HAZARDS AND EFFECTS:

1) Underground services:
a) Pipelines containing high-pressure hydrocarbons may get damaged
causing injury to persons / loss of assets.
b) Damage to electrical cables causes electrocution and disruption to
services.
c) Damage to telecom cables loss of communication.
d) Damage to waterline causes disruption to services.

2) Wall collapse:

The person working in the trench or pit may get buried or injured.

3) Fall of excavated soil, if kept near the edge of trench may fall in causing
injury to person working inside.
4) Movement of unauthorized people / vehicle, may cause fall in the pit or
trench causing injury.

5) The excavator of JCB may knock down or run over people.

6) Health Hazard: Damage to respiratory system due to dust. Repetitive

movement of limbs, leading to injury, noise due to mechanical excavation
can cause damage to ears. Manual handling.

PRECAUTIONS:

1) The job should be done under permit to work system.

2) The position of underground services should be well determined and

known to each member of the crew. The drawing, cable detector and trial
trenches should be used. Identified services should be exposed by hand
excavation and properly protected.
3) The area should be barricaded and proper signboards should be placed.

4) Excavated earth should be stored 1 meter away from edge of excavation.

5) The trenches in excess of 1.2 meter depth should be shored or side to be

slopped back to angle of repose.

6) Ladder should extend from bottom of trench to 1 meter above ground.

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7) Personnel should not work / walk near edge of excavation.

8) Trained banksman should be provided for mechanical excavator.

9) Person should not work close to machines / plant.

10) Persons should know the emergency procedures.

11) Dust (Balaclava) and eye protection to be used.

12) Person to be trained.

13) Ear protectors to be worn during mechanical / excavation.

31 SAFE HANDLING OF CHEMICALS

HAZARDS: Splashing of Chemicals Chemical vapors & spills

Corrosiveness & Toxicity of chemicals.

CONSEQUENCES: Skin disease / burns, etc. and even death depending on the
properties of the chemicals due to ingestion, inhalation and
skin contact.

- Fire

PRECAUTIONS - Proper personal protective equipment to be used.

- No Smoking

- Fire extinguisher (DCP) to be readily available.

- Eyewash should be cleaned immediately.

- Area should be well ventilated.

- Safety data sheet, SHOC cards should be available for all

the chemicals being used.

- Hazards related to the chemicals should be made known

to the persons handling them.

- Use only trained personnel for handling of chemicals.

NOTE - For more details, make use of MSDS (Material safety

data sheet) / SHOC Cards.

- Do not use chemical for personal cleaning.

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Page 38/66
32 FIRE, FIRE PREVENTION, DIFFERENT TYPES OF FIRE
EXTINGUISHERS AND THEIR USE:

FIRE:

Fire is caused due to the presence of the following simultaneously (at the
same time):

1) Fuel (Flammable substance)

2) Oxygen (available in air)
3) Heat (enough to raise the temperature above ignition point of fuel).

PREVENTION:

Good Housekeeping Regular removal of scrap material such as saw dust,

timber, oil socket, rags, paper, plastic, etc.

Storage of Flammable Material

Separate storage, from general store, with proper ventilation and shed.

Prohibit smoking and naked light wherever necessary.

Electrical Fitting
Appropriate electrical fittings to be installed. Electrical fittings, wiring to
be inspected on regular basis.

FIRE EXTINGUISHERS AND THEIR USE:

There are three types of fire extinguishers available for use:

a) Water type (Colored Red)

It is effective for paper, wood and textile. Do not use on live electrical
equipment.
b) Dry Chemical Powder (Colored Blue)
It is effective for flammable liquids, oil, diesel, petrol, etc. on live
electrical equipment.

Effective on all types of fire.

c) Carbon – Dioxide (Colored Black)

It can be used on live electrical equipment and for fire in kitchen.

How to use (Stored pressure type)

1) Remove safety pin.

2) Hold firmly and direct hose / horn at the base of fire.
3) Press handle to release the content. Move close to the fire sweeping
motion of the hose to cover the whole fire.
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 33 WORKING IN HOT ENVIRONMENT

HAZARD : - Heat

CONSEQUENCES - Dizziness

- Profuse sweating

- Weakness, headache, nausea

- Heat stroke

PRECAUTION - Carry adequate quantity of cool drinking

water

- Drink water with salt at regular intervals (even if you don’t feel
thirsty). (One tea-spoon of salt in 5 lit of water).

- Take rest at regular interval.

- Ensure availability of shade near work place.

- If anyone feels uneasy immediately inform the supervisor concerned

and take rest in a cool place under shade. Drink water with salt.

NOTE - Due to some reason, if water is exhausted stop work and arrange
for water before starting to work.

RECOVERY : - Call for medical assistance (PDO emergency call 5555)

in case of loss of consciousness.

For work in remote places keep a standby vehicle for use in case of
emergency.

34 KITCHEN SAFETY

1) The knife and chopper should be sharp and kept in a safe place.

2) The damaged utensils should be discarded as they cause cut injury and are
unhygienic.

3) Do not leave metal spoons in boiling liquids.

4) Do not leave handles of cooking pan over gas flame.

5) Always carry a knife with its point towards floor.

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6) Never attempt to catch falling knife.

7) Always cut or chop on board, never in hand.

8) The gas stove is fitted with control valve.

9) The stove should be lighted with gas lighter not cigarette lighter.

10) Pans containing hot oil, which catch fire, should not be left unattended on
lighted gas stove. Fire should be extinguished using fire blanket
and putting off the gas, never pour water on oil fire.

11) If you smell cooking gas when entering the kitchen, never switch ON’ or
`OFF’ any electric appliances as the spark inside the switch may
cause fire or explosion. Open windows and doors.

12) An ill or diseased person should not work in kitchen.

13) The cook should wear protective clothing including shoes and head
covers.

14) The food should be well cooked and covered.

15) The kitchen equipment, utensils must be clean.

16) The spillage should be cleaned up promptly. The waste should be

collected in polythene sacks and disposed off.

17) First aid box, fire blanket and fire extinguisher should be available in
kitchen.
18) Never put cleaning fluids into containers used for food or drink.

19) Shut – off the gas main at the end of work each time.

20) Ensure all kitchen staff has sufficient knowledge of fire fighting and
emergency procedure.
35 HANDLING & STORAGE OF MATERIAL
HANDLING OF MATERIALS

1) Manual Material Handling

Hazards & Effects:

- Back injury, sprain, and strain due to improper techniques.

- Injury due to slip / fall of material during handling.

- Injury due to sharp edge of materials handled.

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 PRECAUTIONS:

- Keep back straight, while lifting.

- Ensure proper grip before lifting.

- Do not twist your hip while transferring material from one place to
another.

- Use hand gloves to prevent injury due to sharp edges of material.

- Do not try to lift an object having weight more than your capacity.
Call for assistance of another person.

- Ensure co-ordination in case of group work.

2) Mechanical Handling of Materials

Hazards & Effects:

- Defective equipment leading to failure while handling.

- Defective slings / tackles leading to failure while lifting.
- Improper slinging leading to fall of material being lifted.
- Improper handling of equipment / improper signaling leading to
accidents.

PRECAUTIONS:

- Check equipment for proper functioning before use. Do not use

defective equipment.
Periodical inspection & certification of equipment.

36. (A) EMERGENCY RESPONSE PROCEDURE FOR H2S.

HAZARD : Toxic gas

CONSEQUENCES : Loss of consciousness of even death.

PRECAUTION : Carry H2S Monitor and breathing escape

hood.

ACTION : On hearing alarm,

Stop work Go cross wind
Stop breathing till you put on your escape
hood. Report at the assemble point Never
run but walk briskly to the assembly point.
If there is any victim, then inform the area
authority for his rescue

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(B) IN CASE OF FIRE – WORK SITE

CONSEQUENCE : Personal injury Damage to property.

ACTION : Stop work and shout Fire, Fire, Fire.

Try to fight the fire if it is safe to do so.
Leave the work area. Inform the concerned
authority. Report to assembly point. Do not
run. If concerned authority is not available,
use emergency phone No. 5555 and give
following details.
Your name and phone number What has
happened and its exact location. What is
required?

(C) IN CAMP

Shout Fire, Fire and sound the alarm.

If fire is small, try to extinguish using suitable fire extinguisher.

Contact on emergency phone 5555 giving following details:

Your name and phone number.

What has happened and its exact location.

What is required?

37. HAND TOOLS

The hand tools are the most commonly used by people in their normal
household work as well as complicated technical work. It may be a small
screwdriver or heavy sledgehammer but these pose hazards and cause
accidents, if not maintained and used properly.

HAZARDS AND EFFECTS:

1) Worn-out tip of screwdriver causes improper fittings to screwslot,

slip and damage to screw and injury to personnel.
2) Bent screwdriver causes improper transfer of force and slip.
3) Cracked handle of screwdriver causes pinch to palm.
4) Opened up/worn spanner causes slip and damages the bolts and
causes injury to person.
5) The mushroomed hammer face causes;
a) Metallic splinters fly off
b) Slip off from target and injury the persons

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6) Cracked handle of hammer pinches the palm.
7) Improperly wedged handle of hammer and pickaxe become loose and
fly off to hit somebody.
8) The blunt edges of pickaxe and shovel don’t work properly causing
human irritation and waste of energy.
9) The unprotected sharp edges of chisels, knife cause cut injury.
10) The blunt / damaged chisel edges cause the slip of chisel.
11) The mushroomed chisel head causes metallic splinter fly and injure
the person.
12) A file without handle causes injury to palm.
5. The uninsulated screwdriver and plier give electric shock during
electric work.

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:

1) Use screwdriver having standard handle, straight rod and tip suiting
the screw notch.
2) For electrical work always use insulated screwdriver and plier.
3) Don’t use mushroomed headed hammer or chisel.
4) Don’t use locally made handles and check for any cracks.
5) The chisel must have good cutting edge of standard angle.
6) Never use files without handle.
7) The sharp edged tools should be kept in pouch or box.
8) Never use defective tools and keep these separately and report to the
concerned person for repair / replacement.
9) Use right tool for the job.

POWER TOOLS:

The power tools use external energy as pneumatic, electric or mechanical

for doing some work.

PNEUMATIC TOOLS:

HAZARDS AND EFFECT

1) High pressure of pipeline may cause rupture of pipe causing injury to

personnel.
2) Loose pipe ends cause whipping action causing injury.
3) The continuous vibrations of body muscles cause health hazards,
white finger.
4) The noise generated by pneumatic tools cause damage to ears and
other health problems.
5) Improper laying of pipelines cause tripping of people.

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 PRECAUTIONS:

1) Check the joints, pipes and tools for any damage.

2) Hold the pneumatic tools firmly before opening the air supply to tool.
3) Open the valve slowly.
4) Use earmuffs and other PPE’s as per requirement of job.
5) Lay the pipelines safely to avoid tripping.

ELECTRIC TOOLS:

HAZARDS AND EFFECTS:

1) Electricity causes electrocution due to contact with live wire.

2) Fire or explosion in areas containing flammable gases or liquids.
3) Tripping due to improperly layer cables.

PRECAUTIONS:

1) Check the cable, plug switch for any damage or open wire and don’t
use such tools.
2) Lay the cable safely to avoid tripping.
3) Use proper PPE’s to avoid electric shock.
4) Authorized trained persons should use the electric tools.

38. WORKING IN HYDROCARBON AREAS

The suspected hydrocarbon areas are areas in and around gas or oil wells,
tanks pipeline, process tanks, specially the pits, excavated trenches, oil
spillage, etc. and any confined space involved in nay manner to the
petroleum process.

HAZARDS AND EFFECTS:

The hydrocarbon gas is heavier than air, thus replace it, causing
asphyxiation of person.

The hydrocarbon gas in the combustible range when coming in contact

with ignition source cause explosion or fire. The severity of explosion
increase with degree of confinement.

Excessive exposure to hydrocarbon gas and vapors causes respiratory

problems.

Any damage to pipeline or equipment may cause minor leak to major

bursting of pipeline causing release of high pressure.

The corrosion / deterioration of flow line may cause unexpected leakage

in the area needing emergency response.
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 PRECAUTIONS:

1) Work should be done under permit to work system.

The gas test for hydrocarbon and oxygen should be done before / during
2) carrying out the work as required by permit.
3) No hot work like welding, grinding, chipping, hammering, etc. should be
done unless gas test in confirmed and permitted.

4) Non-sparking tools should be used where there is possibility of leakage of

explosive gases.
Smoking is not permitted in the area.
5)
If required breathing apparatus should be used.
6)
First Aider with first aid box, fire extinguisher should be available at site.
7)
Persons working in the area should know emergency procedures.

39. NEARMISS REPORTS ITS ADVANTAGES

Near miss is an incident in which no injury or loss of property has taken

place but there was possibility of these happening in any magnitude.
Example (a) A car overtaking other vehicle at road crossing, (b) Sledge
hammer flying off the handle during stroke but causing no damage.

1) All near miss incidents need to be reported. The report may be deposited
in near miss box or directly handed over to concerned authority.

The reporter may or may not mention his identity, hence, no fear of any
2) repercussions or enmity.

All near misses are investigated to find out the cause of incident.
3)
It helps to take remedial measures to avoid its happening again in future.
4) The message is cascaded to all creating better safety awareness and
recording the accidents.
5) The near miss reporting helps to locate many unpredicted / unknown
hazards in the system.
6) It helps to find areas, which need more attention.

7) The near miss provides the learning point to eliminate the accidents.

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40. SITE SECURITY

The site security is necessary for the safety of person entering the area and
prevents loss of property due to entering the area and prevents loss of
property due to intentional or unintentional act of the person. The outsider
may not be aware of the site hazards like excavated trench, temporary
construction work. The site security is also required to prevent theft of
property.

1) The fencing, barriers and warning signs should be placed at site.

2) The visitor should be guided to report to site office.

3) No unauthorized person should be allowed on site.

Sr. Hazard Effect Control

No.
01. Dust, fume, Respiratory problem, eye Local exhaust
etc. irritation etc. ventilation Respiratory
& eye protective
equipment.

02. Noise Hearing loss Noise reduction at

source and path.
Provide ear protective
devices (Earplug,
earmuff)

03. Lighting Overlighting, glare, insufficient Ensure appropriate

lighting will cause eyestrain, lighting.
headache.
04. Ventilation Insufficient ventilation will cause Ensure proper
reduced level of O2, CO2, water ventilation by providing
vapor and temperature causing sufficient air circulation.
discomfort in breathing.

05. Heat Heat disorders Provide sufficient rest

pauses. Drink cold water
often.

06 Take all necessary precautions while treating patients to avoid possible

infections.

07 Collect and dispose all clinical waste as per PDO procedure.

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 PERSONAL HYGIENE
# Food handlers:
- Personal cleanliness
- Clean Clothes
- Shaving facial hair
- Clipping nails
- Monthly physical examination by Male Nurse for infectious disease /
skin disease, etc.
# All:
- Personal cleanliness
- Use clean clothing
- Good habits
Awareness of all concerned regarding importance of maintaining good hygiene will
help in achieving the same.
41. WORKING WITH HEAVY PLANT

The plant operator and his machine are the most important factors in the
safe operation of the heavy equipment. The operator must be trained,
experienced, qualified and conversant with hazards of the job being done.
The plant should be well maintained and defect free.

PRECAUTION:

1. The operator should check the plant and it’s surrounding and satisfy himself
before starting his job.

2. It should be ensured that other workers are clear of the machine to avoid
knocking down of person.

3. Do not allow unauthorized riding on plant.

4. Jumping on and off the plant should not be allowed.

5. The engine should be stopped before carrying out any repairs or refueling and
ignition key should be removed and kept with the operator.

6. The plant should never be left on inclined surface or on loose material with
engine idling, because the vibration can put the machine in motion.

7. The beacon light should be kept flashing through operation and travel of
equipment.

8. The trained banksman should be provided with the plant when in operation.

9. Safe distance should be maintained while working near the trench to avoid
wall collapse / overturning of plant.

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42. CLEAN UP OIL SPILLS

The oil spill occurs due to; (i) malfunctioning of control valves of tanks, (ii)
punctured leak of pipelines, tank, due to high pressure, corrosion or damage due to
external source. The oil spill causes environmental hazard and loss of property. All
attempts are made to recover the spilled oil and dispose it to saver pits. The oiled
soil is disposed to designated sludge farm.

HAZARDS AND PRECAUTIONS:

1) The oil spills clean up work is done under P.T.W. system.

2) Oil spill is a fire hazard; hence, no ignition source should be brought near the
area.

3) If oil is to be removed from pits care should be taken to check fumes and
deficiency of oxygen.

4) The soil becomes unreliable and the walls of pit collapse, there is danger of
person being stuck up in the oiled soil.

5) Do not work alone and be observed by colleague.

6) The PPEs – rubber gum boots, hand gloves, helmet, and goggles should be
worn while handling spills.

7) The waste oil and soiled earth should be disposed o the designated area only
(oil saver pit / sludge farm).

43. ROAD CROSSING / ROAD WORK

The road crossing work involves the disturbance to normal vehicular traffic. As the
movement of working force is near the moving vehicles, the job becomes dangerous
and needs many safety precautions to be taken during the execution of work to avoid
knocking of persons by vehicles or vehicle accident.

There are two situations:

i) The traffic can be diverted completely away from the road.

ii) Only half of road width is kept open for traffic.

1) Traffic completely diverted off the road:

a) The diversion point should be minimum 200 meter away from road
crossing work.

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 b) 300, 200 100 meter, slow down and diversion signboards should be placed
on both sides of road crossing.

c) Road should be closed with drums with warning tape on both sides at
diversion points.

d) Flagmen should be placed on both sides to guide traffic.

e) If the road is closed for night, flash lights to be provided.

2) Traffic restricted to half the width of road:

a) 300, 200, 100 meter, go slow and diversion signboards should be kept in
both side of roadwork.

b) A row of traffic cones should be kept along the middle of the road to 100
meter on both sides where it should be closed with drums and warning
tape.

c) Flagman should be placed on both sides to guide and control the traffic.

d) Night work to be avoided. Flash light to be provided.

e) After completion of work all the signboards, drums, cones, etc. should be
removed from site to avoid confusion.

44 ELECTRICAL WORKS

Electrical work includes simple replacement of bulb to complicated cable laying

involving many hazards, which may cause minor to fatal electrocution.

HAZARDS AND EFFECTS: -

1) Electricity - Electrocution of person due to contact with

livewire.

- Burn injury due to electric flash

- Fire due to short circuits.

- Explosion due to spark in hydrocarbon area.

2) Defective tools cause injuries.

3) Height The person may fall down due to defective

ladder, platform, overhanging, vertigo etc.

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 PRECAUTIONS

1) Authorized competent person only should be permitted to carry out to

electrical work.

2) Permit to work system should be followed wherever applicable.

3) Tag system should be used for isolation.

4) All wires should be checked for absence of electricity before touching them.

5) The tools, ladder, etc. should be inspected for any damage.

6) Undamaged cable should be used and should be kept in such a way that
tripping hazard is eliminated.

7) Barrier, safety warning tapes and signboards should be displayed.

8) Water source should be kept away from equipment.

9) Proper PPE like leather/ rubber hand gloves, flash guards, etc should be used.

10) First aider, first aid box and suitable fire extinguisher (D.C.P. or CO2) should
be available at site during execution of work.

11 Emergency procedure should be known.

45. ASPHALTING OF ROADS

HAZARDS: -

1) Vehicle traffic - Accident and injury to personnel

2) Hot asphalt - Burn injury.

- Respiratory problem due to inhalation fumes.

- Dermatitis due to repeated contact with asphalt.

3) Heavy plant - Injury to personnel.

PRECAUTION: -

1 Use proper procedure for road closure. Keep 300, 200, 100 meter; reduce
speed and diversion signboards on both sides of the road repair site. Road
should be closed at least 100 meter away from work site.

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 2 Flagman should be provided at both ends to control and guide the traffic.

3 The person handling asphalt should wear necessary PPEs e.g., rubber
gumboots, hand gloves, goggles, helmet and body parts should be covered. In
case of fumes the advantage of wind direction should be taken and mask
should be used.

4 The banks man should be provided while using heavy plants.

5) If the job is not completed and requires continuation next day, warning lights
should be provided for the night traffic.

6) All signboards and obstacles should be removed after completion of the job.

7) The First aid facility should be available at site and emergency response
procedure to be known to all.
46. LOADING AND UNLOADING OF LOADS FROM TRAILERS AND
LORRIES

The loading and unloading operation involves manual handling and use of lifting
equipment.

Use of lifting equipment: -

1 Defect-free certified crane should be used with certified slings, chain, etc.
having color code applicable.

2 Competent trained person should operate the crane.

3 The outrigger should not be on soft sand.

4 The crane should be worked with lowest S.W.L of weakest component of

system.

5 Competent person should do the rigging and slinging.

6 People should be away from loading/ unloading.

7 The operation should be away from overhead electric line or any asset to
avoid due to uncontrolled movement of crane.

Loads on back of lorries

1) As far as possible unloading should be done from ground level.

2) Minimum person should be utilized to reduce exposure to falling loads.

3) Hard hats with chin strips should be worn to save from head injury.

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 4) As there is unstable platform at top, a safety line should be provided for
personnel to hold on to.

5) Scaffolding with access ladder placed near to trailer or bucket lift should be
used to provide both safe access and working platform.

Others

While removing and placing chain & chain binder only trained person should be
deployed. Serious injuries have occurred due to spring back of chain binder lever.

47. LAYING OF H.V. CABLES

The laying of H.V. cables, handling of heavy cable rolls, excavation of cable
trench, making of joints and backfilling of the trench.

Hazards: -

1) Defective crane may cause accident and fall of load.

2) Incompetent crane operator may cause accident, trip over, and fall of load.

3) Defective lifting slings, chains, and tackles may cause its failure and fall of
load.

4) Damage to under ground services during excavation.

5) Electrocution due to puncture of existing cable and during electric test.

6) Fall of trench wall causing injury to person.

7) Fall of person inside the trench.

8) Knocking the person or equipment at site.

9) Presence of hydrocarbon, H2S, or carbon monoxide causing fire, poisoning

or asphyxiation.

PRECAUTION: -

1 The crane should be checked for any defect before use.

2 Only trained and competent operators should be allowed to operate the crane
and excavator.

3 Trained banksman should be provided for crane and plant.

4 Lifting equipment with valid test certificates should be used.

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 5 The underground service pipes and cables should be detected with cable
detector and trail trench and hand excavation should be done at such site.

6 The excavated trench should be tested for gas.

7 Proper defect – free tools should be used.

48. LEAK REPAIRS

In Petroleum and gas industry there is large network of pipelines, which

develop leaks due to corrosion, defective flange joints or weld, defective
material or failure due to high pressure. The leaks cause health. Safety and
environmental hazards.

Health Hazards: -

1) The leak may contain poisonous gas, like H2S.

2) Excessive hydrocarbon gas may cause asphyxiation.

3) Repeated contact with hydrocarbon liquids may cause dermatitis.

Safety Hazards: -

1) The high pressure of pipelines may cause bursting of pipe or whip lashing
causing serious injuries to personnel.

2) The flammable property of hydrocarbon gas/ liquid may cause fire or

explosion.

3) The area becomes slippery causing fall of person.

4) The excavation to expose the leaking line may cause damage to other nearby
pipelines/ services.

5) The movement of plant and machinery or vehicle, if required, may damage

other pipelines or equipment.

Environmental Hazards: -

1) The area becomes oily/ dirty.

2) The release of hydrocarbon gas is unfriendly to atmosphere.

3) The oil damages the vegetation and marine life.

PRECAUTIONS

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 1) Work under permit to work system

2) Check of H2S or O2 as required.

3) Do not start the work unless line is isolated and depressurized to zero
pressure.

4) Locate the correct position of leak.

5) Use – PPE – Rubber hand gloves, gumboots, helmet, and goggle. If it is H2S
area use monitor.

6) Do not work alone, be observed by somebody.

7) Use of fire, smoking is prohibited in the area.

8) Be very careful and use banks man for plant operation.

9) Remove the waste oil and oily sand to sludge farm.

49. TRANSPORTATION OF LOADS

The transportation of load involves vehicles, road, driver and the load. All of
these have many hazards, which need to be talked for these major activities.

Vehicle: -

1 The vehicle should be of suitable type and capacity to carry the load.

2 It should have valid R.O.P registration and PDO permit.

3 It should be checked with standard checklist for any defects before loading.

4 Emergency tool kit, spare tyre, fuel, water, etc. should be available in vehicle.

ROAD CONDITION: -

1) The road having pot holes cause break down of vehicle and loosening of load
and loss of control of vehicle.

2) The dust and fog reduce visibility, hence speed should be suitably reduced
and headlight, rear intensity light should be put “ON”. Dust code should be
followed.

3) Rain makes road slippery causing loss of control of vehicle at higher speeds.

4) The breakdown vehicle landing on road, people carrying out road repair work
and any animal on the road, If not seen by the driver in time cause the
accident. Hence, the break down vehicle should be pulled off the road,
barriers and warning signboards should be put up for repair work and the
driver should be vigilant.

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 Driver: -

1) The driver should have valid R.O.P. driving license and PDO permit and
follow all driving rules.

2) It should be ascertained that driver has understood the journey plan.

3) Driver should check the vehicle and have sufficient fuel, water, and food for
long journey.

4) Driver should adjust the speed as per road condition but not more than
prescribed speed for the road.

5) A tired or sleepy driver is very dangerous; he should take rest in such

condition. Under normal condition heavy-duty driver should take one-hour
rest after four hours driving.

50. FIRST AID

First Aid refers to the emergency treatment given to a person suffering from
an accident or sudden illness until doctor attends. First aid has three important
aims viz. Preserve life, promote recovery and prevent worsening of the
casualty’s condition.

TIPS FOR FIRST AID: -

Artificial respiration (Mouth to Mouth)

If breathing has stopped, artificial/ manual respiration can be performed but

experienced person will carry out former method.

Basic Life Supports: - Airway, Breathing, and Circulation.

Air Way: -

Lay victim on his back. If any foreign matter is in his mouth, turn head to one
side, force mouth open and wipe it out with fingers. Tilt head as far back as
possible by holding the crown of the head with one hand and pull the chin.
This makes air passage clear to his lungs.

Breathing: -

Keep his head tilted backward and separate lips with thumb. Open your
mouth widely and place it tightly over his mouth. Press your cheek against his
nostrils to prevent air leakage. Watch the victim’s chest as you blow, when it
rises take your mouth away and let his breathe out naturally. Listen to the air
being exhaled. Make the first ten breaths deep and at a rapid rate to give a
good quick supply of life giving oxygen.

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 Circulation: -

If victim does not respond to above method start the circulation method. Keep
palm of your one hand 1 inch below breastbone, other hand above it and give
5 presses. Remove hand and give one breathing. Continue it till you feel the
pulse. If breathing is not restored, continue breathing checking the pulse at
intervals.

After getting heart and breath working, put the patient in recovery pose.

Electrical Shock:

Remove the patient from the source of danger. Make a rapid examination to
ensure that the air passages are free, and clean them if necessary restore
natural breathing by artificial respiration if breathing has ceased.

Load:

1) The load should be properly kept and tied firmly to avoid loosening and
movement during transportation.
2) Care should be taken for hazardous material to avoid spillage.
3) The weight of load should be less than capacity of vehicle.
4) Suitable warning sign should be displayed on vehicle for hazardous
material.

51 WORK PERMIT

No work can be started unless there is validated permit available on site. The
validation is to be obtained from area authority (station operator).

Work permit provide the work description, the hazards and precautions to be
taken in the work, i.e. to be carried out.

Once the permit holder accepts the permit, he is responsible for carrying out
the work is safe manner. Permit holder should understand the nature of work,
its hazard and precautions through Job safety plan. He should make use of
this information for his toolbox talks to carry out work safely.

Cuts & Wounds:

Stop bleeding (by direct pressure; direct finger pressure into the wound in
cases of larger bleeding wound. Tourniquets use only as a last resort). Wipe
out the wound with clean sterile cloth. Avoid touching the wound with hands
or unsterile material. Clean the wound by running water. Apply ready-made
adhesive bandage or sterile gauze and roller bandage as needed.

Burns:

Act quickly; Put the affected part in cold water; Pour the water over burns
that cannot be immersed. Cover with a sterilized dressing and get medical
help immediately.

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 Suffocation:

Remove the patient from the source of danger; make a rapid examination to
ensure that the air passages are free, and to clean them if necessary. Restore
natural breathing by artificial respiration if breathing has ceased.

Eye Injury :

Removal may be attended with the help of someone if foreign body is not
embedded. In case of chemical burns, wash eyes with water for 15 minutes &
apply sterile bandage. Don’t apply oil or ointment. Send the victim to the
doctor.

Poisoning:

Remove the victim from the site taking precautions for the personal safety o
the rescuer. Make the victim lie down and keep him quiet and warm. Remove
contaminated clothing immediately and wash affected skin with plenty of
water. Seek medical treatment when anyone has symptoms apparently due to
swallowing, inhalation or contact with skin or eyes.

Fracture:

Arrange the limbs in as natural position as possible without causing undue

discomfort to the patient. Apply splints of any rigid material long enough to
extend beyond the joints above and below fracture. Fasten splints firmly with
bandage at least at three places. Transport the victim on the rigid frame to
hospital. In neck fracture cases it is advisable to get a doctor to the scene for
danger to life is great.

52 WORKING IN CONFINED SPACE

Hazards: Oxygen deficiency

Toxic gases
Hydrocarbons
Entry of chemicals
Electrically operated
Equipment

Consequences : Asphyxiation
Consequences of toxic gases
Fire / Explosion
Consequences of chemicals
Present
Personal injury

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 Precaution : Ensure following :

- Confined space is thoroughly cleaned.

- Electrically isolated & locked out key to be carried by persons working in
confined space.
- Mechanical isolation.
- Gas test including test for % Oxygen.
- Proper access to and egress from confined space.
- Use appropriate P.P.E.
- Respiratory protection based on the results of gas tests and review of the
work to be performed.
- Standby person is required.

Note: Emergency notification, response and rescue plans must be made in

advance.

53 TRANSPORTATION OF HEAVY PLANTS & EQUIPMENT

Hazards : Vehicular traffic

Overhead lines
Bridges

Consequences: Injury to personnel

Damage to property

Precaution : Before transporting any load, ensure following:

- Intended load to be carried (Dimensions, weight & what is the load

comprise of).
- Provide suitable vehicles.
- Competent Driver loading staff (helper)
- Use suitable vehicle platform / bed (e.g. low for heavy plant).
- Ensure vehicle bed is strong enough.
- Size of any overhang of the load be safe and within authorized limits.
- Anchorage points for securing load should be in sound condition.
- Select appropriate route keeping road condition in mind (It is not a
pipeline / flowline rights of ways).
- Height of vehicle to be safe. (i.e. not very tall, endangering bridges or
overhead power cables).
- Load should be correctly placed and as close as practicable to the
headboards.
- Even weight distribution on the floor and heavier item on the bottom.
- If another piece of plant is to be loaded, it should face the rear of vehicle.
- Driver on the way should stop and check the load and the tyre condition
at regular interval.

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Page 60/66
54 WORKING NEAR OVERHEAD LINE
Hazards : High Voltage overhead lines.
Consequences : Electrocution.
Precaution :
- Goal posts on either side of the overhead lines to be provided with minimum
safety clearance depending upon the voltage of overhead lines. These barriers
(goal posts) should be at a horizontal distance of 6 meters from the overhead
lines.
- Banksman to be alert whenever any plant is operational in the area.
- If any high load is carried ensure that it can pass below the provided goal posts.
Note :

Obtain clearance certificate for work near to or passage under overhead line.
- If in doubt consult area operational electrical supervisor.

55 WORKING IN OIL & GAS STATIONS

Hazards :

Hydrocarbons
Toxic gases (e.g. H2S)
High pressure lines
Noise
Movement of plant & vehicles
Presence of gases in trenches /excavation

Consequences :

Fire explosion
Asphyxiation
Explosion / Fire
Hearing impairment
Injury, damage to property
Fire explosion, Asphyxiation
Precaution :

- No smoking. Do not carry gas lighter / matchbox.

- In H2S area carry H2S monitor and escape hood.
- Use walkways; do not climb on pipelines for crossing.
- Do not rest on pipelines.
- In noisy area use ear protection.
- Before entering existing trenches /excavation more than 1 m deep, ensure
gas test.
- Keep safe access clear for any emergency and report at the assembly
point.
- Know the nearest gate from which to escape.
- Do not run but walk quickly to the assembly point.
- Remember emergency telephone No. 5555

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56 HYGIENE

Maintaining good hygiene in residential accommodation, camp surroundings,

kitchen, food storage & clinic is essential because unhygienic conditions
cause adverse effect on health damage of persons due to infections.
Maintaining good personal hygiene also is important.

Regarding the above, ensure the following:

- Keep the residential accommodation, camp, surroundings and ablution in

clean condition by regular cleaning / washing, collection and disposal of
waste.
- Apply appropriate disinfectants to avoid infection due to flies,
mosquitoes, cockroaches, etc. (insects).
- Provide fly mesh, insectocutors wherever required.
- Storage grains, vegetables and other food items in appropriate controlled
temperature to prevent decay.
- Look for expiry date for packed food. Don’t use if expired.
- Use clean vessels for cooking and keeping cooked food. Keep the cooked
food covered.
- Dispose waste food and kitchen waste daily as per procedure.

INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE

The following are to be considered while maintaining good industrial

hygiene:

1) Dust, fume and other similar chemical hazards.

2) Noise
3) Lighting
4) Ventilation
5) Heat

All efforts should be made to identify, assess and take appropriate control and
protective measures against the same.

57 SEAT BELTS

- Seat Belts save lives.

- Seat belts hold you in place during rollover, crash and sudden braking and
prevent / reduce injury.
- Wear seat belt whenever the vehicle is moving – Do not relax on your
safety.
- Wear seat belt properly by fastening it. By posing that you are wearing
seat belt, you are cheating non other than yourself.
- Tell others, if they are not wearing seat belt.
- Co-passengers not wearing seat belt, can cause you injury during rollover.
- Report to your Supervisor / S.O., if you find any defect in seat belt
provided.
- Do not tamper with seat belts and render them useless.

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58. LADDERS

- Always use ladder for safe access to a scaffold / work platform / for any
other work at height.
- Non use of ladder where required / improper use / use of defective ladders
will lead to fall of persons from height and thus injuries to persons due to
- Slip
- Sliding
- Failure of ladders

- Always inspect the ladders before use. Do not use defective ladder(s).
- Ensure that ground is non slippery and in level.
- Safe angle for keeping ladder is 15 0 from vertical.
- Always lash (Tie to a fixed structure) the ladder to prevent slippage /
sliding sideways.
- Lash the ladders at the rails not at the rungs.
- If wooden ladders are used, do not paint them, as it will hide any defect
present.
- Always face towards the ladder, both while ascending and descending.
- Keep both the hands free (Do not carry any materials by your hands)
while climbing up / down the ladder.
- Keep the ladder in right location. Do not over reach while standing on a
ladder.
- Max. Height permitted for single ladder is 9 meters.

59. ROAD SAFETY

Hazard : R.T.A. (Road Traffic Accident)

Consequences : Personal injury

Damage to property

Precaution : Check vehicle before the start of the journey.

Use Safety Shoes.
Wear seat belts.
Obey road signs.
On graded road keep headlights on.
Do not overtake in dust.
Pull off and stop if visibility is poor.
Do not exceed speed limit of 80 Km/h.
Drive according to the road condition.
Take rest if you feel tired.
Do not drive for more than 10 hours in a day.
Carry adequate quantity of water & food, if necessary.
In case of vehicle break down, remain with the vehicle.
Carry journey plan and know your route.
On reaching destination inform the journey manager.

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60. HANDLING AND TRANSPORTATION OF GAS CYLINDERS

Hazard :

Hydrocarbons, explosive, high pressure

Handling – Manual / Mechanical

Consequences : Fire / Explosion

Damage to property or personal injury due to fire or explosion. Take care while
transporting / handling personally. If not handled correctly could injure person, may
be by drooping or back injury.

Precautions :

Cylinders to be transported in upright position, placed in sectional boxes or

containers so that it does not strike against each other with their protective guards.
Check lifting equipment before use.

It should not be dropped from a height.

It should be lowered under controlled condition.

For short distance transportation suitable handcart should be used or to be rolled over
its bottom edge but never drag.

For road transportation provide hazard sign board on vehicle with suitable fire
extinguisher.

61. MANUAL HANDLING

The improper manual handling and wrong postures have given painful sufferings to
many people during their normal work. The nature has given man beautifully
designed body to carryout different tasks but he problem arises when these parts are
overloaded or overstretched. While handling load manually the main load is taken by
the backbone, which is made of 33 bones connected with pads in between, and many
nervous veins pass through it. The excessive press due to improper handling cause
punctures of pad or compression of veins or damage to muscular tissues, which are
very painful. Using correct method of lifting a load can eliminate such problems.

Hazards :

- Slipped disc
- Strained back
- Sprain
- Strain
- Internal injury (Hernia)
- External injury

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 Precautions:

1) Know the load – its weight, size and any sharp edges.
2) The maximum permitted safe load is 55 Kg. For adult man. For heavier load use
more persons of similar physic.
3) Position the legs such a way that one foot is on the side of load and other one
foot apart following it. Thus the load will be close to body.
4) Bend the knees.
5) Grip the load with full palm.
6) Keep the chin tucked in.
7) Keep back straight.
8) Lift the load and move forward. Thigh muscles will take the load.
9) Don’t twist the body.
10) While putting the load down maintain the position of leg, back, chin and knees as
during lifting action.
11) Use safety shoes, hand gloves and other PPE’s as per requirement of the type of
load.

62. FENCING

The fencing of any area is done to prevent unauthorized entry and thus saving the
person or animal from injury and loss of property, sometimes very important and
dangerous. The fencing of gas or oil wells, transformer process stations are some
examples where utmost care should be taken to avoid accidents.

1) Where required work should be done under permit to work system.

2) The movement of plant (JCB) or vehicle used should be controlled to avoid
knocking of equipment and property.
3) The underground service lines passing through the fence should be located with
the help of drawings, cable detector. The excavation for fence poles should be
done with hand tools in these areas.
4) The defect free tools should be used.
5) The concrete mixer should be checked for any defect.
6) The sharp ends fence and binding wire may pick the hands hence hand gloves
should be used.
7) PPEs like H2S monitor should be used, if required at site.

63. WORKING ON ROADS IN USE

Hazards : Vehicular traffic

Consequences : Personal injury & damage.

Precaution : -

- Necessary road sings to be in place (Road close, Diversion, Men at work, etc.)
- Flagman to guide the traffic
- Ensure blinker lights at night.
Note :

Road closure notice to be issued through P.D.O. Supervisor 72 hours in advance.

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64. CELLAR CLEANING

Hazards :

 Oxygen deficiency.
 Toxic gas (H2S).
 Hydrocarbons.
 Snakes / Scorpions.

Consequences :

 Death
 Consequences due to H2S (depending on its concentration).
 Fire Explosion.
 Poisoning due to snake / scorpion bite.

Precaution :

 Do not enter the cellar without gas test.

 Checks for snakes / scorpions using shovel handle before entering the cellar.
 In H2S area carry H2S monitor and escape hood.
 All personnel shall be H2S trained.
 No smoking.
 Use gumboots for protection against snake / scorpion bite or if
oil is present cellar.

65. WORKING ON ROOF AND FRAGLE ROOF

Hazards : Fall from height

Consequences : Personal injury

Precaution :

- Erect and use scaffolding for access to the roof.

- While working on the roof use safety harness, whose line shall be lashed to a
rigid support. If rigid support is not available than a rope should be tied to rigid
supports and this rope to be used for lashing the lifeline.
- Do not drop tools from height.
- If any electrical tool, i.e., used should be defect free and lead wire free from
insulation cut and in one piece.
- Use necessary P.P.E. such as hand gloves for handling roofing sheets to avoid
hand injuries.

Note :

- For storage of roof sheets, keep adequate load on sheets to avoid being blown by
wind.
- Do not work on high roof during heavy wind or dust storm.

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66. AIR COMPRESSOR AND PNEUMATIC TOOLS

Hazards :

Release of high pressure hose due to;

 Loose connection / improper connection.

 Rupture of defective hose

Will cause it to move haphazardly with force and can cause injury to persons in that
vicinity.

 Bursting of pressure vessel due to;

- Defective vessel
- Excessive pressure
Can cause serious injury to persons nearby.

- Fly off of accessories like pr. Gauges, valves, etc. due to improper mounting.
- Use of compressed air for cleaning body parts may cause injury due to small
solid particles (iron filings etc.) coming along with air.
- Unguarded moving parts of prime mover of compressor (pulleys drive belt etc.)
can cause injury.
- Use of equipment like jackhammer, rock breaker, riveting, etc. will create high-
level noise.
- Operation of prime mover and compressor may create high-level noise
depending on the size of the machine.
- Exposure to high-level noise can cause hearing impairment.

Precautions :

- Secure the hose with coupling with couplings with proper size clips.
- Engage the couplings properly and bind them with binding wire.
- Ensure all the connections are secure before starting operation.
- Do not operate with defective equipment.
- Ensure all the mountings are fitted properly on to the pressure vessel.
- Ensure pressure switch, relief valve are functioning properly.
- Ensure use of ear protection in case of noisy operation.
- Ensure the high-pressure air hose is free of cuts and other damages. Replace
damaged hoses immediately.
- Do not use compressed air to clean your body parts.
- Ensure all moving machinery parts are guarded / covered properly.
- Lay the high-pressure hose properly to prevent trips / falls / obstructions.

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 AL TURKI ENTERPRISES LLC
DCME & I ENGG. SERVICES C-6800446

TOOL BOX MEETING

Job Order No./PTW No. : Date & Time :

Location : Conducted By :

Point Discussed :

Activity / Agent Hazards Control Measures

Health Risk Assessment

Agent Exposure Route Control
1) Heat 1) Whole body Short breaks,Water,Shed
2) Dust 2) Inhalation / eyes Mask,Balaclava,Goggle
3) Manual lifting 3) Whole body Training / Awareness
4) Work Stress 4) Mental Discuss with Supervisor
5) ……………. 5) ………………
6) ……………. 6) ………………
7) ……………. 7) ………………
“BACK TO BASICS” “SIMPLE AS THAT…”

We must Your safety is finally in your own hands.

Have the correct Safety attitude !
Use the Safety training provided ! If a job is not safe, “STOP and talk to your
Follow work procedures strictly ! supervisor
Ensure our subordinates do the same at all the If you see a workmate in danger tell him so
Your Safety is as simple as that
times !
Stop the job, if not safe !

Sr.# Name ATE # Sign. Sr.# Name ATE # Sign.

1) 11)
2) 12)
3) 13)
4) 14)
5) 15)
6) 16)
7) 17)
8) 18)
9) 19)
10) 20)

Sign of supervisor/Foreman/Permit Holder:……………………………………………

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