ISSN : 2321 - 6247

EPRAInternational Journal of
ECONOMIC GROWTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Annual Peer Reviewed, Refereed & Indexed International Journal
Vol - 2 June - May 2014 - 15
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SEGMENTING THE SHOPPERS OF GREEN FASHION PRODUCTS
ON THEIR SHOPPING BEHAVIOUR
Dr. Manoj Kumar
1
ABSTRACT
A
variety of customers come to fashion retail stores to purchase green fashion products.
While some of them are regular consumers of these green fashion products by choice,
others are experimenters with ecofriendly products, still others buy these products under the influence
of some reference group and so on. There seems to be an apparent need to understand the segments
of these green fashion products shoppers and to understand their profiles. This can go a long way
in formulating better marketing strategies for these products. There have been numerous efforts to
segment shoppers of different product categories on their demographic characteristics. In the case
of green fashion products the one of the effective way of segmentation can be segmentation on the
basis of their shopping behaviour as behavioral cues can reveal many psychographic patterns.
Additionally, as buyers for these products belong to various demographic groups understanding
them through their behaviors at stores can be more useful and obviously more factual for laying
down marketing and retailing strategies for these products. The current research is broadly a
descriptive research aimed at identifying the different segments on the basis of observational studies,
questionnaires and interviews carried out in shops. The shoppers for green fashion products have
been classified into 18 segments and segment profiles have been developed for them. The study has
also included the preference and consumption of different segments in order to suggest product
mix for these segments which can be perceived as value maximisers by respective segments. The
research intends to provide an alternative framework to understand shopping behavior of green
fashion products shoppers.
KEYWORDS: Green fashion products, Retailing, shopping, behavioral segmentation,Dubai,
psychographic patterns
1.
Associate Professor, Department of Business, Skyline University College, Sharjah, UAE.
1
Economic Growth and Environmental Issues
2
RECENT OIL PRICE CHANGES AND ITS IMPACTS ON
MACROECONOMIC BALANCE: A STUDY IN THE CONTEXT OF
BANGLADESH
Mohammad Nayeem Abdullah
1
& Rahat Bari Tooheen
2
ABSTRACT
O
ver the past few years, following the increase in oil prices, a corresponding global
surge in prices has been observed in basic necessities needed for the maintenance of
living standards. In developing countries such as Bangladesh economic progress was stunted due to
rising oil prices directly translating to hyperinflation. Oil price rise in some highly developed countries
remain with limited effect without affecting staple food commodities and basic necessities of life.
The present article attempts to establish a link between the recent oil price increases with the macro
economic outlook of Bangladesh and forwards a number of recommendations for long term
consideration by the relevant stakeholders.
KEYWORDS: Bangladesh, macroeconomic, oil prices, outlook, balance.
1&2
Assistant Professors, School of Business, Chittagong Independent University,16 Jamal Khan Road,
Chittagong 4000, Bangladesh.
Vol. 2 June - May 2014-15 ISSN : 2321 - 6247
3
PARADIGM OF SERVICES REVOLUTION IN BANKS
Dr. Harish Handa
1
, Manish Nangia
2
& A. Shivashankaran
3
ABSTRACT
T
he Indian banking sector has seen unprecedented growth along with remarkable
improvement in its quality of assets and efficiency since economic liberalisation began
in the early 1990s From providing plain vanilla banking services, banks have gradually transformed
themselves into universal banks. ATMs, Internet banking, mobile banking and social banking have
made anytime anywhere banking the norm now. The Indian Banking system which was dominated
by public sector banks as accounting for nearly three-fourths of total assets and income was done
by public sector banks is now facing stiff competition from private sector banks. The transformed
banking system has led to a falling share of public sector banks and increasing share of the new
private sector banks, which were set up around mid-1990s. The private sector banks with limited
branches and moderate ATM networks have been able to attract customers, expanding their asset
and liability business with both speed and volume with high tech platforms. The outreach of Indian
banking system has increased in terms of expansion of branches/ATMs with the onset of new
technology. New Technology not just in terms of having a fully automated back-end accounting
system, but also in terms of being able to provide the banks customers with superior and innovative
products with greater convenience by using new channels of marketing which has made all the
difference. The financial performance of banks also improved as reflected in their increased
profitability. Even the non-performing loans have decreased considerably in recent times.
KEYWORDS: Public sector banks, Private sector banks, ATM
1
.Associate Professor, Department of Commerce, Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, Delhi University, New
Delhi- 110017
2.
Research Scholar-Singhania University, Assistant Professor-FMS, National Institute of Fashion Technology,
New Delhi
3
.Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, Delhi University,
New Delhi 110017
Economic Growth and Environmental Issues
4
THE PARADIGM OF WEB MARKETING
Ms Chhaya Vikas Chablani
1
& Dr. Shivani Arora
2
ABSTRACT
T
he main objective of the paper is to analyze the perspective of the marketers towards
web as a medium of exchange, so that entrants in the field of e-commerce have a vivid
picture of what the experts in the field think. The effort has been to derive the factors which explain
the understanding of the marketers in this relatively new medium of exchange. Since all the
respondents were from the renowned websites and the decision makers in their respective
organizations, their viewpoint has been evaluated and may be taken as benchmark for the new
entrants.
1
.Principal Systems Engineer, Aricent.
2.
Assistant Professor, Shaheed Bhagat Singh College, University of Delhi, New Delhi
EMPOWERMENT PROCESS AND TRIBAL WOMEN IN PANCHAYAT
RAJ INSTITUTIONS: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY IN KARNATAKA
Dr.Nagaraja.S
1
& Dr. Pallavi. S. Kusugal
2
ABSTRACT
T
he Empowerment of women in a society is a significant reflection of the level of
social justice in that society. Womens status is often described in terms of their level of
income, employment, education, health and fertility as well as their roles within the family, the
community and society. In tribal communities, the role of women is substantial and crucial. Here
this paper based on primary data and collected information from Chitradurga District of Karnataka
State. The study focused on Empowerment process and Tribal Women in Panchayat Raj Institutions:
An Analytical Study in Karnataka.
KEY WORDS: 73
rd
Amendment, Empowerment process, Tribal Women, Panchayat Raj
Institutions.
1.
Assistant Professor, Department of Studies & Research in Sociology, Tumkur University, Tumkur-572103,
Karnataka.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Studies & Research in Economics, Tumkur University, Tumkur-572103,
Karnataka.
Vol. 2 June - May 2014-15 ISSN : 2321 - 6247
5
CAN WE REBUILD INDIAN VILLAGES? - AN ATTEMPT TO FIND
SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOOD OPPORTUNITIES IN INDIAN
VILLAGES
Mr. Raveesh .S
1
ABSTRACT
I
ndian country side is not static and the foot prints of dynamic nature of villages can
clearly visible in social institutions. The joint families are stepping towards nuclear family,
the rigid caste system is under transmission, strict caste and gotra marriages are slowly losing their
importance, the wave of literacy is entering into the so called illiterate villages, cash crafts are
occupying the place of food crofts, villagers are accepting the mechanized agriculture in place of
traditional agricultural system, modern entertainment tools are playing a significant role in the
area of recreation, the branded blue jeans, coco-cola, western cell phones, rock music etc are
reminding us that villages are not isolated. The roots of mass media are reaching the very remote
Indian villages. Not only outer world is entering into to the Indian villages but also villagers welcoming
the change. Two burning questions use to arise towards present rural scenario and it is immense
necessity to find answers to these questions. Firstly, Are the Indian villages destroying? Since the
early beauty of villages is disappearing and two million people are migrating from rural to urban
area annually, the answer is in dilemma to say YES or NO. Secondly, Can we rebuild Indian
villages? Defiantly we can rebuild our country side by enhancing livelihood opportunities in their
local area itself. Enhancing the sustainable livelihood opportunities in country side is the positive
answer to the above questions. And curiously enough livelihood options in rural India are the key to
hundreds of rural-urban problems. This paper is an attempt to find the livelihood opportunities
which exist in Indian villages but are not exposed. This work is an exploratory study of my PhD
proposal and the ideas are still in the infant stage.
KEY WORDS: Villages, Cash Crafts, Sustainable Livelihood, Jajmani System, Little Republics
1
.Research Scholar, Department of Sociology, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 056, Karnataka
Economic Growth and Environmental Issues
6
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF NGOS IN RURAL
SANITATION SECTOR: AN OVERVIEW
Dr. Vishnu Vadde
1
ABSTRACT
N
on-government organizations (NGOs) have long played a role in delivering health
care and educational services to communities in India, particularly in rural areas. In
contrast with large scale infrastructure focused initiatives, NGO programmes commonly focus on
building linkages between technical and social realms. This paper discusses this challenges and
opportunities of NGOs in rural sanitation sector and how the contribution of NGOs to the services
in India might be enhanced. The present paper purely based on secondary data. The paper is based
on intended to guide investment in the water and sanitation sectors of India exploring the potential
for increased NGO engagement. This paper found that the majority of NGOs consulted have
considerable strengths and play important and varied roles in the rural sanitation sector.
KEYWORDS: Sanitation, Hardware, Hygiene Improvement, On Track.
1
Faculty, Dept of Commerce & Business Administration, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Nagarjuna Nagar-
522 510, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh.
A STUDY ON EMPLOYEES PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL IN JAI
TECH TRANSFORMER PVT.LTD AT GINGEE, VILLUPURAM D.T,
TAMIL NADU
Dr. L. Santhana Raj
1
& K. Srirankan
2
ABSTRACT
P
erformance Management is an organizations capacity or capability of developing
the human resources of an organization to achieve their goals to not only keep up with
the competition but to outshine their competitors. Performance Management as a continuous process
of attracting, hiring, motivating and assessing the performance of individuals in an organization in
achieving their goals. The aims of this research have been to investigate this and related issues at
the JAI TECH Transformer Pvt.Ltd at Gingee, and this leads to the main problem addressed by this
research most part of the appraisal is based on the subjectivity. The study is descriptive and analytical
in nature. So the following tools are to be applied for analysis to match the objectives. Percentage
analysis, Chi-square test The project demotes that the performance appraisal system is good in Jai
tech ltd, it also indicates that the scope for improvement in some of the area the researcher puts
forward some, suggestions in some of the area, which may be implemented by them organization to
improve, for the existing performance appraisal.
KEYWORD: Organization, Capacity, Capability, Human resources, Percentage analysis, Chi-square
test.
1.
Associate Professor in Commerce, St. Josephs College of Arts and Science, (Autonomous), Cuddalore,
Tamil Nadu.
2.
Research Scholar in Commerce, St. Josephs College of Arts and Science, (Autonomous), Cuddalore,
Tamil Nadu.
Vol. 2 June - May 2014-15 ISSN : 2321 - 6247
7
EMPLOYEES PERCEPTION ON WORK ENVIRONMENT IN RURAL
HEALTH CENTERS VISAKHAPATNAM DISTRICT
Dr. D. Sudhakar
1
ABSTRACT
H
uman Resource Management is a new way of thinking about how people should be
managed as employees in workplace. Advocates of Human Resource Management have
been presented as having a role to play in both the private and public sectors. The restructuring of
health care delivery systems and the redesign of nursing roles is creating dramatic changes in the
work environment for nurses. Empirical evidence supports of the relationship between work
environment of nurses. However, in order for research to be applicable to practice settings, more
information is needed on the specific components of the work environment most salient to nurses.
Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the organizational and work
environment on nurses. The basic objective of this paper employees perception on work environment
in rural health centers Visakhapatnam District. The results of this study indicate that the importance
of relationship in the work setting regarding working facility.
KEYWORDS: Age, Rural Health Centers, Work Environment
1.
Academic Consultant, School of Commerce and Management, Dravidian University, Kuppam, Chittoor
District, Andhra Pradesh 517 426.
IMPACT OF RURAL MIGRATION ON LIVELIHOOD ISSUES
Basavaraj Biradar
1
& Dr.S.Y.Swadi
2
ABSTRACT
M
igration has been recognized for importance and relevance to the social, economic
and environmental dimensions of sustainable development, as well as for its influence
on all regions of the world. Migration primarily occurs due to disparities in regional development.
The causes of migration are usually explained by using two broad categories, namely, push and pull
factors. This paper is an attempt to understand the emerging migration patterns in India.
Globalization, urbanization and accompanying changes in socio-economic conditions, migrants
are attracted to urban areas in recent times. The emerging migration pattern depicts confinement
of migrants in lower socio-economic class in Urban India for response to the macro economic
reforms. Unemployment, poverty, population pressure, environmental degradation, depletion of
natural resources etc limits the livelihood options and may force people to migrate. But at the same
time urbanization, better employment and educational opportunities, improvement in educational
level, changing occupational pattern, development of transport and communication are the new
impetus facilitating spatial mobility. The objective of the paper is to provide a perspective on current
trends and patterns of internal migration in India.
KEY WORDS: Rural, Migration, Impacts, Sustainability
1
Research Scholar, Dept of Studies in Social Work, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka.
2
Associate Professor, Dept of Studies in Social Work, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka.
Economic Growth and Environmental Issues
8
EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT- A STUDY OF EMPLOYEES OF BANKS
OF BANGALORE CITY
Mr. Brijesh Singh
1
& Mrs. Anuradha M V
2
ABSTRACT
E
mployee engagement is the level of commitment and involvement an employee has
towards their organization and its values. An engaged employee is aware of the business
context and works with colleagues to improve performance within the job for the benefit of the
organization. In current scenario Banks are having major challenges for this employee engagement
is most important. In this paper an attempt will be made to understand the concept of employee
engagement and to find out the level of engagement in these organizations where the employee
engagement is unusual. An organizations capacity to manage employee engagement is closely related
to its ability to achieve high performance levels and superior business results. The major research
objective is to find out the level of employee engagement and to develop a management competency
framework for enhancing employee engagement that can be used to give managers clear guidance
on what they need to do, in order to foster high levels of employee engagement in the workplace.
Four factual questions to ascertain details of respondent such as sex, education, designation and
length of service will be given to 150 employees from Banks of Bangalore City. A survey will be done
with the help of globally accepted questionnaire on employee engagement to 150 employees of
Banks of Bangalore city regarding their engagement in organization. Close ended questions will be
given to respondents from which the respondents had to select the suitable choice (ranging from
Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree).
KEYWORDS:Employee Engagement, Organizations, Banks, Management, Employee Involvement.
1
Assistant Professor, Department of MBA , K. S. School of Engineering and Management, Bangalore,
Karnataka.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Basic Science and Humanities, K.S.Institute of Technology, Bangalore,
Karnataka.
Vol. 2 June - May 2014-15 ISSN : 2321 - 6247
9
STUDY THE CONSUMER AWARENESS ABOUT PONDICHERRY
CO-OPERATIVE MILK PRODUCERS UNION (PONLAIT) AND
IMPACT OF PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITIES ON CREATING
AWARENESS
Ms. S. Rajaselvi
1
ABSTRACT
I
ndia is the worlds largest producer of dairy products by volume and has the worlds
largest dairy herd. The country accounts for more than 13% of worlds total milk production
and is also the worlds largest consumer of dairy products, consuming almost all of its own milk
production. Milk is the day to day need of any individual all over the world. In India the supply of
milk to the customers is done through the unorganized milkmen. After the revolution of the co-
operative milk unions the milk India seen package and processed milk and milk products. For many
years pondicherry co-operative milk unions enjoyed monopoly in the market. But after the entry of
the private sector in this industry the competition has increased to maximum extent. Each of the
players in the market has many ranges of milk products under different brands. And each and
every player wishes that his brand of products must be on the top of the mind of customer. With the
increasing competition, PMF (Pondicherry Milk Federation) is not able to raise the market share of
its Ponlait branded milk and milk products. And the company thinks the lacking of awareness of its
products may be affecting its sale. In the order to increase the consumer awareness the company
started many promotional activities. Now the company wants to know how much customers are
aware about the product and what impact of promotional activities in creating awareness. Hence
the main purpose of this study is to find to study the consumer awareness about Ponlait milk and
milk products, and impact of promotional activities on creating awareness.
KEYWORDS: Consumer Awareness, Ponlait Co-Operative Milk Society, Impact of promotional
activities on creating Consumer Awareness.
1.
Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Saradha Gangadharan College, Puducherry-605 004.
Economic Growth and Environmental Issues
10
ROLE OF TRAINING PROGRAMMES IN CREATING AWARENESS
AMONG TRIBAL WOMEN IN LOCAL GOVERNANCE
Dr.Nagaraja.S
1
& Dr. Pallavi. S. Kusugal
2
ABSTRACT
W
omens status is often described in terms of their level of income, employment,
education, and health as well as their roles within the family, the community and
society. In tribal communities, the role of women is substantial and crucial. Due to the lack of
awareness about anything they could face several problems; hence there is need of training
programmes which benefitted to them. Here in this paper based on primary data and collected
information from Chitradurga District of Karnataka State. The study focused on the Role of Training
Programmes in Creating Awareness among Tribal Women in Local Governance.
KEY WORDS: Tribal Women, Training Programme, local govrnance
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Studies & Research in Sociology, Tumkur University, Tumkur-572103,
Karnataka.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Studies & Research in Economics, Tumkur University, Tumkur-
572103, Karnataka.
INDIAN VILLAGES THE ILLUSION OF ISOLATION SELF-
SUFFICIENCY AND LITTLE REPUBLICS TO THE REALITY OF
MIGRATING VILLAGES
Mr.Raveesh S
1
ABSTRACT
V
illage settlement is much older than urban settlement in human history. India is not
only geographically diversified but also one can find the diversified Indian villages. The
mother Indias heartbeat is resided in her country side. Even though good number of rural studies
conducted to understand the Indian rural scenario by anthropologists and sociologists, the result is
not satisfactory due to various reasons. One such reason is the socio-anthropological jargons i.e.
Isolation, Self-Sufficiency and Little Republics which emerged out of these rural studies are looks
like illusion when we through the light on present Indian rural scenario.
The above mentioned three socio-anthropological jargons are keep reproducing in
sociological literature with some minor alterations. These jargons are providing an illusionary rural
scenario to the students of rural sociology rather than realistic Indian rural scenario. But in reality,
Indian villages have crossed all three beautiful borders which constructed by early socio-
anthropologist and moving ahead. Today, due to lack of livelihood opportunities, insufficient amenities
and other social reasons ruralites are migrating from rural to urban area. Instead of roaming in an
illusionary world, this is an attempt to through a light on the present Indian villages with the support
of secondary data.
KEYWORDS: Indian Villages, Isolation, Self-Sufficiency, Little Republics, Migrating Villages.
1.
Research Scholar, Department of Sociology, Bangalore University, Bangalore 560 056, Karnataka.
Vol. 2 June - May 2014-15 ISSN : 2321 - 6247
11
WOMEN EMPOWERMENT THROUGH SELF HELP GROUPS IN
TAMIL NADU
Mrs. K. Merlin Chithra Selvi
1
ABSTRACT
M
icro-finance is emerging as a powerful instrument for poverty alleviation in the
new economic scenario. The search for the best way to create opportunity and
sustainable development in the less privileged parts of the world has brought initiatives to overcome
poverty and marginalization, to build more inclusive social, economic and financial systems. In
India, micro-finance scene is dominated by Self-Help Groups (SHGs) Banks linkage Programme,
aimed at providing a cost effective mechanism for providing financial services to the unreached
poor. In the Indian context terms like small and marginal farmers, rural artisans and
economically weaker sections have been used to broadly define micro-finance customers. Research
across the globe has shown that, over time, micro-finance clients increase their income and assets,
increase the number of years of schooling their children receive, and improve the health and nutrition
of their families. Micro-finance is generally defined as specialized financial tools-such as small
loans, savings accounts and insurance policies available to poor households and small businesses
that do not typically have access to financial services. Inclusive financial services are now recognized
as a way to empower individuals and communities to lift themselves out of poverty. Micro-finance
programmes are also acknowledged for their role on women empowerment. This study is based on
primary and secondary data which is collected from women engaged in self-help groups data used
in the various government records respectively. In this paper, researcher did critical analysis of
role of micro finance in poverty reduction efforts regarding women, examined the relationship
between income and expenditure of self-help groups. Hence, the present study suggests the suitable
policies for improvement of women members in self-help groups in across the country with specially
focus to Tamil Nadu.
KEYWORDS: Micro-finance, rural artisans, unreached poor, self-help groups.
1.
Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Engineering,
Tiruchendur, Tamil Nadu.
Economic Growth and Environmental Issues
12
DOMESTIC VIOLENCE: FORMS, MAGNITUDE AND IMPACT ON
WOMEN
Ms. Savitha YD
1
& Dr. S.A.Kazi
2
ABSTRACT
D
omestic violence occurs across the world, in various cultures, and affects people
across society; this has become the severe problem of the modern world. It is a startling
fact that one of the most dangerous places for a woman is her own home, despite the prevalence of
violence against women in their own homes; dozens of countries around the world do not have
specific laws against domestic violence, in such circumstances there is no safe place for women
anywhere in the living world.
The present study focuses on how domestic violence is perceived among women, its types,
magnitude of the problem, why this is practiced more with women, what are the major impacts on
women, also the study reveals women with lack of social support are more likely to be depressed.
The study consists 300 women victims of domestic violence, dealing their cases in Mysore District
Court, Mysore.
1
Research Scholar, Dept. of Social Work, Karnataka State Womens University, Bijapur, Karnataka.
2
Professor & Head, Dept. of Social Work, Karnataka State Womens University, Bijapur, Karnataka.
Vol. 2 June - May 2014-15 ISSN : 2321 - 6247
13
ECONOMIC AND HEALTH EFFECTS OF AGEING POPULATION IN
INDIA: A REVIEW
S. Ahila
1
& K. Ramu
2
ABSTRACT
T
he present paper examines the economic and health effects of ageing population.
The research papers published by the experts in the ageing population from 2000-2011
have been reviewed for this study. Family support and care of the elderly are unlikely to disappear
in the near future, family care of the elderly seems likely to decrease as the nation develop
economically and modernize in other respects. As people live longer and into much advanced age
(say 75 years and over), they need more intensive and long term care, which in turn may increase
financial stress in the family. Womens economic position depends largely on marital status, women
who are widowed and living alone are found to be the worst among the poor and vulnerable. As a
whole, the ageing faces various economic issues to manage their ageing. The elderly in India suffer
from cardio-vascular illnesses, circulatory diseases, cancer, arthritis, hyper tension, osteoporosis,
communicable diseases, high blood pressure, kidney problems, vision problems, diabetes,
rheumatism and digestive disorders. Given this, all has to understand that the ageing population
are the asset of the world. The experience and guidance of the ageing will help the generation to
raise with strength. Therefore, there is need to protect and strengthen the institution of the family
and provide such support services as would enable the family to cope with its responsibilities of
taking care of the elderly.
KEYWORDS: Ageing, Economic Issues, Health Problems, Health Care.
1.
Assistant Professor of Economics Wing, DDE, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram-
608 002, Tamil Nadu.
2.
Faculty, Dept. of Economics, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar Chidambaram- 608 002, Tamil
Nadu.
Economic Growth and Environmental Issues
14
BRITISH FOREST POLICIES AND ITS IMPACT ON COLONIAL
SOUTH INDIA
V.Raj Mahammadh
1
ABSTRACT
A
forest is usually an area filled with trees and consider as home land of the tribals
and many agricultural peasants are depended on forests from times immemorial. Before
the Britishers came into power, the forest dwellers and other population enjoyed freedom to use
forest resources. But the Britishs arrived in India for the mission of trading goods and they saw the
immense amount of natural resources and gradually started exploitation of forest resources through
their policies. The main object of the paper is to highlight the various British forest policies and its
impact on colonial south Indian society in the beginning of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
The British forest policies were mainly aimed at supplying of timber and other resources to British
forest-based industries and commercial exploitation of forests was encouraged at the cost of the
tribal and forest-dwellers in the name of national interest. The forest-dwellers and the tribals are
the victims of commercial exploitation of forests.
KEY WORDS: Forest Dwellers, Forest Resources, Forest Policies, timber, Exploitation, Customary
Rights etc.
1.
Assistant Professor&Head, Department of History,S.T.S.N Govt. Degree College, Kadiri, Anantapur
Dist, Andhra Pradeh.
Vol. 2 June - May 2014-15 ISSN : 2321 - 6247
15
AN ANALYSIS ON INDIRECT TAX REVENUE IN INDIA FROM
1991-2013
Dr.C.Muniyandi
1
, K.Rithu Stephanie
2
&R.Mohan
3
ABSTRACT
T
his paper examines an analysis of indirect tax revenue in India from 1991 to 2013.
Tax is a major revenue of each country in world. It is divided into parts direct tax and
indirect tax. India is one of the nation where taxes collected from ancient age. Custom duties and
excise duties are the major taxes levied by Central Government of India. Thus the indirect tax has
become more complex and taxes collected from the people were utilized for the welfare of the
nation. This research has made an attempt to analyze the annual percentage growth rate and to
analyze the trends in indirect taxes, excise duties and custom duties. The study period covers 23
years from 1991 to 2013 which includes only the post reform period because after the implementation
of tax reform policy by government of India the tax has been stabilized. It is an analytical study. It is
based on secondary data collected from Budget documents of government of India and finance
accounts. The major findings of this study reveal that the indirect taxes are high as 83.9 per cent
during 1990 to 1991 due to the economic reform. The proportionate growth rate of excise duties was
very low as 39.08 per cent due to conversion of some taxes into VAT according to the recommendation
of Raja Chellaiah committee. The proportionate growth rate of custom duties to indirect tax was
57.22 per cent and it fluctuated between 55 per cent to 62 per cent in the coming years up to 1999-
2000 due to the competitor country all of whom have changed often their tariff to very moderate
level. The annual percentage growth rate of Indirect tax revenue was very low in the year 2001-02 as
-1.35 per cent due to the performance of industrial sector. The annual percentage growth rate of
excise duties in India was 42.39 per cent in the year 2000-01. The annual percentage growth rate of
custom duties was high as 34.67 per cent because of the general and end use exception of the
government of India. To be concluded, the Government must take serious efforts to mobilize both
the direct and indirect taxes and it has to control over circulation of money in the economy and also
it has to control the black money operations in India.
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Econometrics, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai -21,
Tamil Nadu.
2
M.A., Economics, Lady Doak College, Madurai-02, Tamil Nadu.
3
M.Phil Scholar, Department of Economics, Gandhigram University-02, Tamil Nadu.
Economic Growth and Environmental Issues
16
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BANKING
COMPANIES IN INDIA:
WITH REFERENCE TO HYDERABAD, KARNATAKA REGION
Mr. Megharaja .B
1
ABSTRACT
R
ecently the CSR has gained much attention in the corporate world and much more
especially in banking sectors for providing services to their customers. Financial
institutions like banks are considering CSR majorly under the fact that the CSR influence profitability
of institutions. Further, Financial institutions influence the profit or loss of its customers, and drive
the economy of the whole nation. In this paper, researcher made an attempt to study on role of CSR
in banking services. The study has made on reliable measurement tools for evaluating the customers
perception is especially relevant to financial services because of their significant role in influencing
the design and implementation of corporate strategies. Hence present paper focusing on the role of
CSR (majorly studied with the customer perspective to analyze all legal and ethical requirements of
banking institutions) and CSR practices in Indian Banking institutions.
KEY WORDS: CSR practices, ethical and legal requirements, banking.
1
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Studies & Research in Commerce,VSK University, P.G.Centre, Nandihalli,
Sandur, Bellary.
Vol. 2 June - May 2014-15 ISSN : 2321 - 6247
17
WHY GREEN MARKETING?
Dr. J.T. Sharmila
1
ABSTRACT
Y
esterday, today or tomorrow customer is always the king. Issues like Global warming
and depletion of ozone umbrella are to be taken seriously as the main factors for the
healthy survival. Every person, rich or poor, would be interested in quality of life with full of health
and vigor and so would be the corporate class. Many firms are beginning to realize that they are
members of the wider community and therefore must behave in an environmentally responsible
fashion. This translates the firms to believe that they must achieve environmental objectives as well
as profit related objectives. Various studies by environmentalists indicate that people are concerned
about the environment and are changing their behavior pattern so as to be less hostile towards it.
Now both marketers and consumers are becoming increasingly sensitive to the need to switch over
to green products and services. Studies in the US, Brazil, Europe, Mexico, South Korea and Taiwan
have established links between air pollutants and low birth weight, premature birth and infant
death. Industries in Asian countries are catching the need of green marketing from the developed
countries but still there is a wide gap between their understanding and implementation. This paper
discusses the present trends of green marketing in India and discusses the reasons why companies
are adopting it, the future of green marketing and concludes that green marketing is something that
will continuously grow in both practice and demand.
KEY WORDS: Green products, Environment friendly, Green consumers, Recyclable.
1
Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Saraswathi Narayanan College, Madurai 625 022,
Tamil Nadu.
Economic Growth and Environmental Issues
18
EFFECTIVENESS OF ONLINE ADVERTISING
Ms.J.Nalini
1
ABSTRACT
T
he internet is at the core of communication and consumption behaviour. Over the
past five years, advertising budgets allocated to internet media have grown rapidly.Online
advertising is a marketing strategy that involves the use of the Internet as a medium to obtain
website traffic and target and deliver marketing messages to the right customers. Advertising on the
Internet is extremely effective for branding awareness and for buyer-seller transaction. Advertising
Effectiveness is an evaluation of the extent to which a specific advertisement or advertising campaign
meets the objectives specified by the advertisers. Online advertising is geared towards defining
markets through unique and useful applications. Now the advertisers are better equipped for
communicating on the Web, they are gradually directing their budgets towards online advertising.
Measuring online advertising performance is therefore becoming a critical task. This study is
theoretical type of study about Measurement of Effectiveness of Online Advertising. The theoretical
data were collected from various websites regarding online advertising. The aim of this article is to
demonstrate the methods and techniques of measuring Online Advertisement effectiveness, To
understand various Levels of Effective measurement of Online Advertising, To identify the indicators
of performance of Online Advertising and to explore the challenges in measuring online advertising
performance.
KEY WORDS: Online Advertising, Advertisement effectiveness, Challenges
1.
Assistant Professor, Department of Management Studies, Dr. Sivanthi Aditanar College of Engineering,
Tiruchendur, Tamil Nadu.