CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENT REPORT

Group Members :

Angela Lois x3-05
Christa Belinda x3-08
Priscilla Viera x3-28
Shierly Halim x3-29





SANTA LAURENSIA SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
2012

RESULT



The Law of Conservation of Mass (Lavoisiers Law)


1. The reaction between KI with Pb(NO3)2
Mass of Y
inverted tube
+ beaker glass
(g)
Mass of Y
inverted tube
+ beaker glass
+ the
substances
before
reaction (g)
Mass of
substances
before
reaction (g)
Mass of Y
inverted tube
+ beaker glass
+ the
substances
after reaction
(g)
Mass of the
substances
after reaction
(g)
92.3 101.5 9.2 101.5 9.2

The mass of substances before and after reaction remains the same,
which is 9.2 gr. The color of reaction is yellow with sediment in it. The
reaction produced bubble. The reaction happened in close vessel.

2. The reaction between KI with CuSo4
Mass of Y
inverted tube
+ beaker glass
(g)
Mass of Y
inverted tube
+ beaker glass
+ the
substances
before
reaction (g)
Mass of
substances
before
reaction (g)
Mass of Y
inverted tube
+ beaker glass
+ the
substances
after reaction
(g)
Mass of the
substances
after reaction
(g)
92.3 100.5 8.2 100.4 8.1

The mass of substances before reaction is 8.2 gr and after reaction is 8.1
gr. The color of substances after reaction is brown with no sediment in it.
The reaction didnt produce any bubble. The reaction happened in close
vessel.

3. The reaction between CaCO3 with HCl solution
Mass of
beaker
glasses (g)
Mass of
beaker
glasses + the
substances
before
reaction (g)
Mass of the
substances
before
reaction (g)
Mass of
beaker
glasses + the
substances
after reaction
(g)
Mass of the
substances
after reaction
(g)
74.7 84.7 10 84.2 9.5

The mass of substance before reaction is 10 gr and the mass of substances
after reaction is 9.5 gr. During the reaction, it produced bubble and after
the reaction, there was white sediment in it. The reaction happened in
open vessel.


The Law of Definite Proportion (Prousts Law)


Mass of
crucible +
lid (m1)
Mass of
crucible +
lid +
magnesium
before
heating
(m2)
Mass of
crucible +
lid + the
content
after
heating
(m3)
Mass of
magnesium
consumed
(m2-m1)
Mass of
oxygen
consumed
(m3-m2)
Mass of
magnesium
oxide
produced
(m3-m1)
60.53 60.65 60.66 0.12 0.01 0.13

Magnesium : Oxygen : Magnesium oxide
12 : 1 : 13































The Law of Conservation of Mass (Lavoisiers Law)

1. The reaction between KI with Pb(NO3)2

ANALYSIS

From the result obtained, we can see that the mass of substances before
and after reaction is the same. There might be slight differences but it's not
significant. The Both KI (potassium iodide) and Pb(NO3)2 (lead nitrate)
solution are put into the Y-inverted tube (each solution put into each side of
the tube), then we react it. During the reaction there was a bubble, and the
color of the new substance is light yellow. When the reaction has been
finished, there was sedimentation in the new substance. The total mass before
and after reaction will be the same, which are 9,2 gr. The total mass is same
even though they have reacted and mixed into one new substance. They are
reacted in a closed vessel, thus there won't be any gases or substances
included in that reaction. Further explanation will be given in the discussion.

DISCUSSION

The total mass of reactants and products remains the same. The chemical
reaction between both of substances happened in a closed vessel (closed Y-
inverted tube), thus making no other substances joined the reaction. Since
there was no other substances (besides Kl and lead nitrate) joined the
reaction, Lavoisiers Law is happened here. Theres no substance created or
destroyed during the reaction, theres only rearrangement of their particles
thus leaving another new substance produced with same mass as the
reactants. So, Lavoisiers Law is true based in this experiment that shows the
total mass of reactants, which are KI and lead nitrate is equal with the total
mass of products.


CONCLUSION

Lavoisiers Law is true according to the experiment that shows the mass
of substance before and after reaction remains the same which is 9.2 gr.

2. The reaction between KI with CuSo4

ANALYSIS

From this experiment we can know that mass of substances before and
after reaction are the same, there are tiny differences which is 0,1 gram. But
this difference is not significant, so we can assume that the mass is the same.
KI (potassium iodide) and copper sulfate solution are put into the Y-inverted
tube (each solution put into each side of the tube), then we react it, by slowly
shaking the Y-inverted tube. When we mix KI (potassium iodide) and copper
sulfate solution the color turn yellow but then change into brown. During the
reaction there are no bubble or sedimentation. The total mass is the same
even after we mix both substances. This experiment conducted in closed
vessel, so there are no gas or other substances that involve in this experiment.

DISCUSSION

The total mass of reactants and products remains the same. The chemical
reaction between both of substances happened in a closed vessel (closed Y-
inverted tube), so there is no other substances involves in the reaction. Since
there was no other substances (besides Kl and copper sulfate) joined the
reaction, It proves the Lavoisiers Law which state that total mass of reactant
equivalent to the total mass of product in close vessel. Theres no new
substance form or disappear during the reaction, theres only rearrangement
of their particles. So if we add all of the mass it will remain the same.


CONCLUSION

This experiment prove The Law of Conservation of Mass (Lavoisier Law),
where the total mass of reactant equivalent to the total mass of product in
close vessel.

3. The reaction between CaCO3 with HCl solution

ANALYSIS

The mass of substances before the reaction is 10 gr. Hydrochloric acid
poured to the beaker glass with calcium carbonate in it. There was bubble to
show reaction happened between them. After the reaction the mass of
substances is 9.5 gr, which has slightly different then before, but can be
tolerance, so the mass of substances is the same before and after reaction.
Reaction happened in open vessel that allows air to come in and include in the
reaction, but actually the air did not include in the reaction. Substances that
reacted each other are only calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. Even it
happened in open vessel, the air does not include in the reaction and
eventually makes the mass of substances before and after reaction same.

DISCUSSION

The total mass of substances before and after reaction is the same
according to Lavoisiers Law, which says that the total mass of substances
before and after reaction remains the same. This could also happen not only in
the close vessel but also in the open vessel that has been proved by the
experiment. The total mass of CaCO3 and HCl solution before reaction is 10 gr
while 9.5 gr after the reaction. The mass is the same although it happened in
the open vessel that allows air to come in. Actually substances that included in
the reaction are calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid without the
contribution of oxygen or air because the reaction itself doesnt need oxygen
to be included. In other words, 9.5 gr is the total mass of calcium carbonate
and hydrochloric acid after the reaction and without the contribution of air.
So, Lavoisiers Law is true if theres no gas or other substance include in the
reaction especially when it happens in the open vessel.

CONCLUSION

The Law of Conservation of Mass or Lavoisiers Law, which says that in
chemical reaction, the total mass of substances before and after the reaction
remains the same is true if theres no gas or other substance include during
reaction especially when it happens in open vessel that allows air to come in.






















The Law of Definite Proportion (Prousts Law)

ANALYSIS

From the result, we can see that the mass of magnesium consumed is 0,12
gr. We get the result from the mass of crucible, lid, and magnesium before
heating minus the mass of crucible and lid. For the result of mass of oxygen
consumed we get 0,01 gr from the mass of crucible, lid, and the content after
heating minus the mass of crucible, lid, and the magnesium before heating.
Because of this, the result is not certain because we measured the gas so there
might be the possibility if the some of the mass of oxygen were released. The
mass of magnesium oxide produced is 0,13 gr. We get the result can be from
the mass of magnesium consumed added by mass of oxygen consumed, or we
can get it from the mass of crucible, lid, and the content after heating minus
the mass of crucible and lid. Its because the magnesium oxide is the content
after the heating from magnesium and oxygen will produced the magnesium
oxide. So the ratio between magnesium and oxygen and magnesium oxide is
0,12 : 0,01 which is equal with 12 : 1.

DISCUSSION

As we know, the Prousts Law said if the compounds had elements with a
fixed ratio of mass. We know that theoritically, the ratio between magnesium
and oxygen is 3 : 2. But, the ratio of mass that we got (result) was not the
same. Now, the mass of oxygen consumed that we get still not certain because
there might be some of the mass of oxygen consumed was released during the
reaction when we checked whether the reaction already finished or not. But
as we know, the mass of magnesium consumed is already certain.
So, we used the ratio theoritically which is 3 : 2 and using it to find the x.
And we get the x is 0,04 (divide 0,12gr which is mass of magnesium
consumed by thr ratio of magnesium which is 3). So, after we got the value of
x, we can calculate the real mass of oxygen should be produced which is 0,04 x
2 = 0,08 gr and the result of magnesium oxide should be 0,20 (magnesium +
oxide 0,12+0,08). From the data that we get, there are 0,07 gr of
Magnesium oxide that missed. The 0,07 gr of Magnesium oxide may be
released during the reaction. This could be happenned because the reaction
held by burning the Magnesium directly using spiritus burner, while the
standard should be using crucible and bunsen burner. This fact made many
Magnesium oxide released, beacuse when we were burning, we need to check
whether all the Magnesium had been reacted into Magnesium oxide or not.
Besides, the reaction involve gas so its hard to conduct in an open vessel, it
will be more accurate if we do it in a close vessel there wont be any gas
released. It will work if we do samething like in Lavoisiers law which he
connect the tube with measuring cylinder to find the volume between the air
and the substance. This law cannot apply in elements that have multiple
charges because the ratio can be different.

CONCLUSION

The Prousts law, which says if the compounds had elements with a fixed
ratio of mass, is true even though in our experiment, there was 0,07 gr of
oxygen that release because when we opened the crucible to check whether
the reaction already finished or not.