CTS02 05

CST/Berger
Electronic Total Stations

56-CTS02
56-CTS05
CST/ Berger Electronic Total Station
Users Guide

Thank you for selecting the CST/ Berger Electronic Total Station. For
the best performance of the instrument, please read this operators
manual carefully and keep it in a convenient location for future
reference. Some of the diagrams shown in this manual may be
simplif ied for easier understanding.

Specif ications and alterations to the product or manual may occur at
any time without notif ication to user. Please contact CST/ Berger for
updated information regarding your new Total Station.

Please make sure to complete the included Warranty I nformation
Certif icate. Please send back to CST/ Berger at the following
address:

Warranty I nformation Center
CST/ Berger Service Department
255 W. Fleming Street
Watseka, I L 60970
(800) 435-1859 Toll Free
(800) 913-0049 Toll Free Fax

CONTENTS
READ THIS FIRST
1 PRECAUTIONS FOR SAFE OPERATION 1
2 PRECAUTIONS 3
3 NOMENCLATURE AND FUNCTION 5
31 Parts of the instrument 5
32 Mode diagram-default set up 6
4 BASI C OPERATION 7
41 Basic key operation 7

42 Display functions 9
43 Display symbol 9
PREPARATION BEFORE MEASUREMENT
5 USING THE BATTERY 10
51 Charging procedure 10
52 Cautions 10
53 Charger operation manual 10
54 Installing battery 11
55 Removing battery 11
56 Battery power display 11
6 SETTING UP THE INSTRUMENT 12
7 FOCUSSING AND TARGET SIGHTING 13

8 POWER ON 14
9 FUNCTION IN THE STAR KEY(*) MODE 15
91 Tilt angle display and compensation 15
92 Checking the memory quickly 16
BASI C MEASUREMENT
10 ANGEL MEASUREMENT 17
101 Measuring the horizontal angle between two points 18
102 Setting the horizontal angle to a required value 18
103 Selecting the direction of horizontal angle (HAL/HAR) 20
104 Slope 21
105 Horizontal angle repetition 22
106 Outputting angle measurement data 23
11 DISTANCE MEASREMENT 24
111 EDM Settings 24
112 Returned signal checking 27
113 Distance and angle measurement 27
114 Outputting distance measurement data 28
12 COORDI NATE MEASUREMENT 29
121 Inputting instrument station coordinate 30
1211 Inputting instrument station coordinate from
keyboard
30
1212 Reading in registered coordinate data 31

122 Azimuth angle setting 32

123 Inputting the height of instrument and target 33
124 3-D coordinate measurement 34
ADVANCED MEASUREMENT
13 SETTING-OUT MEASUREMENT 36
131 Distance setting-out measurement 36
132 Coordinates setting-out measurement 40
14 OFFSET MEASUREMENT 45
141 Distance offset measurement 45

142 Angle offset measurement 47
15 MISSING LINE MEASUREMENT 50
151 Measuring the distance between 2 or more points 50
152 Changing the starting point 52
16 REM MEASUREMENT 54

17 RESECTION MEASUREMENT 56
171 Calculating the station coordinate by measuring 2 known points 57
172 Calculating the station coordinate using multiple known
points

59
18 AREA CALCULATION 61
19 SETTING-OUT LINE 63
191 Defining baseline 63
192 Setting-out line point 65
193 Setting-out line 67
RECORDING AND MANAGING THE DATA
20 THE OPERATI ON IN THE MEMORY MODE 69
201 Managing the job file 69
2011 Reviewing and deleting record in job file 70
2012 Changing name of a job 71
2013 Deleting a job 72
2014 Outputting job data to computer 73
202 Inputting coordinate data of known point 74
2021 Inputting coordinate data of known point from the
keyboard
74
2022 Inputting coordinate data of known point from an
external equipment
75
203 Reviewing and deleting known point data 76
204 Deleting all the known point data 77
205 Inputting codes 78
206 Reviewing and deleting codes 79
207 Displaying the status of memory 80
208 Initializing the memory 80
21 RECORDING DATA IN THE RECORD MODE 81
211 Recording distance measurement data 81
212 Recording angle measurement data 83
213 Recording coordinate measurement data 85
OPERATION IN THE CONFIG MODE
22 CHANGING THE PARAMETER SETTINGS 87

221 Observation condition 87
222 Instrument configuration 89
223 Allocating key function 90
2231 Defining softkeys 90
2232 Registering a softkeys allocation 92
2233 Recalling a softkeys allocation 93
224 Unit setting 94
ADJ USTMENT
23 SETTING THE INSTRUMENT CONSTANT 95
231 Tilt zero point error check and adjustment 95
2311 Checking tilt zero point error 95
2312 Tilt zero point error adjustment 95
232 Vertical circle index error and collimation error correction 97
233 Setting additive constant and multiple constant of distance 99
24 CHECKS AND ADJ USTMENTS 101
241 Plate level and circular level 101
242 Reticle 102
243 Adjusting the telescope axis 103
244 Optical plummet 104
OTHER INFORMATION
25 BI-DIRECTIONAL COMMUNICATION 105
26 MAI NTENANCE 107
27 ERROR MESSAGES 107
28 TOTAL STATION SPECIFICATION CHART 110

1
1. PRECAUTIONS FOR SAFE OPERATION
General Warnings
Using the instrument near areas that contain high levels of dust, ash,
combustible materials or in poorly ventilated areas may result in damage due
to explosions.
Do not attempt to service or repair instrument without proper training. Fire,
shock or severe burns might occur due to disassembly or improper assembly.
At no time should you look through the telescope at the sun or high intensity
lighting. Severe eye damage may result up to and including loss of sight.
Additionally, do not look at reflected light from prisms, mirrors or any
reflective device as this too could result in severe eye damage or loss of sight.
Contact your distributor to secure Optional Solar Filters for solar
observations.
Do not use the carrying case as a seat or stool as it may become unstable or
slippery due to wet weather or improper balance. Severe injuries may
result.
Improper use of accessories such as the plumb-bob or service tools may
result in personal injury. Take proper care with all accessories included.
Ensure that the handle is properly attached to the instrument and that the
locking knobs are securely fastened. Failure to do so may result in damage
to the instrument should it fall off while being transported by handle. This
may also result in personal injury. Please take same care with the attached
Tribrach. Ensure that it is also securely fastened or the same result may
occur.

2
Power supply
Do not use voltage other than the specified power supply voltage.
Additionally do not use damaged power cords, plugs or loose outlets. Fire or
electrical shock could result.
Do not use third party cords or chargers as fire or instrument damage may
occur.
Take care in keeping batteries and chargers clear of obstructions or covering
while in use. Sparks could be induced, leading to fire.
Use only the specified battery charger to recharge batteries.
Do not store or dispose of batteries near fire. An explosion may occur.
To prevent shorting of the battery in storage, apply insulating tape or
equivalent to the terminals. Otherwise shorting could occur resulting in fire or
burns.
If battery or charger become wet, do not use. Do not touch power products
with wet hands. Fire, shock or short may result causing serious burns or
loss of life.
Should any liquid leak from battery, avoid contact. Improper handling may
cause serious injury.

Tripod
When mounting or setting the instrument to the tripod, tighten the centering
screw securely to the instrument. Failure to tighten the bell housing properly
could result in the instrument falling off the tripod, causing severe damage to
the instrument or severe personal injury.
Ensure that the tripod legs are securely tightened and planted firmly into the
ground. Failure to tighten the screws or quick clamps could result in the
tripod collapsing, causing instrument damage or personal injury.
Take extra care when planting tripod legs into the ground so as not to stab
the feet of nearby persons. Severe personal injury may occur.
When moving instrument, DO NOT shoulder the tripod with the Total Station
still attached. The instrument may snap off causing damage to the
instrument or personal injury.
When transporting the tripod, ensure that all locks or clamps are securely
tightened and that any tripod straps are engaged. Failure to do so may
result in personal injury if the tripod opens and hits someone.

3
2PRECAUTIONS
Precautions concerning water and dust resistance
Do not put the instrument in the water. The instrument conforms to IPX4, so
the normal rain can not damage to the instrument, but improper use near
water can severely damage the instrument resulting in costly repairs.
Ensure that the battery is properly mounted and locked in the instrument.
This will aid in the reduction of moisture or dust collecting in the battery
compartment.
Make sure that the inside of the carrying case and the instrument are dry
before closing the case. If moisture is trapped inside the case, it may cause
damage to the instrument resulting in costly repairs. If the instrument does
get wet, dry off the instrument and place in the case only for transport.
Upon arriving back at home or office remove instrument from case and allow
both case and instrument to air dry overnight.
Never place the instrument directly on the ground. Doing so may result in
sand, dust or debris finding its way into the instrument causing substantial
damage or costly repairs.
Using
It is best to mount a total station on a wood, fiberglass, composite or similar
tripod. Mounting instrument on Aluminum Tripods may result in inaccurate
readings do to the general properties of metals and expansion and
contraction.
Ensure that the tribrach is in proper working order and that the locking
mechanism is working properly. This will reduce the chance of the
instrument coming loose on the tribrach and providing erroneous readings.
Please make sure that all configuration and parameter settings are set
properly prior to making measurements or recording data.
Always turn the instrument power off before removing the battery. Failure
may result in a power spike damaging the instrument.

4
Other Precautions
Allow the instrument to adjust to the ambient temperature of the work site
prior to taking measurements. Temperature variations may cause subtle
changes in the instrument such as fogging of the lenses. This is normal as
long as the fogging takes place on the outside lens. Should the instrument
fog on the inside, please take the instrument to your nearest service center
for adjustment and service.
The CST/Berger Total Station is a precision instrument. Care must be taken
when using this instrument. Please avoid shock or jolts to the instrument as
they may negatively affect the calibration of the instrument. Please contact
your dealer or CST/Berger Service Facility should you need to have the
instrument calibrated.

3NOMENCLATURE AND FUNCTION

3.1 Parts of the instrument

5

Tripod clamp
Vertical clamp and
fine motion screw
Telescope
focusing knob
Base plate
Display
Plate level
Telescope eyepiece
and focus
Horizontal clamp
and fine motion
screw
Battery
Handle
securing screw
Leveling foot screw
Tripod
Data input /output
connector
Operation panel
Optical plummet
Sighting collimator
Objective lens
Handle

3.2 Mode diagram-default set up.
Record mode

6

Meas mode
REC/Dist. data
H
ZA 994313
HAR 1200912
ALL MODE OFS MEAS

MEAS
H
ZA 994313
HAR 1200912 P1
DIST SHV HSET EDM
0SET CRD S-O REC
MLM RESE MENU HT

MENU
1. Coordinate
2. S-O
3. Resection
4. MLM
5. REM
6. Area calc.
7. Offset
8. Repetition
9. S-O line

Status screen

Memory mode Config. mode

Please note that function keys on the display may be different due to the
possibility of the keypad being configured with a custom layout.

TOTAL STATION
Ver 3.5
NO. 000001
MEAS MEM CNFG
MEMORY
1. Job
2. Known data
3. Code
4. Memory status
5. Init. memory
CONFIG
1. Obs.condition
2. Instr.config
3. Key function
4. Unit
Menu mode
CNFG
ESC
ESC
MENU
REC
MEAS
MEM ESC

4BASIC OPERATION

41 Basic key operation

1Power Key
Power on press
Power off press , hold on 2 second.
2Function key
F1F4 Select the function of matching the soft keys.
ESCCancel the input data or return to the previous screen.
SFTSwitch between upper and lower case.
BS Delete a character on the left.
PAGEToggle between the display pages.
Select the item/ Accept input value /Accept the option.
3Keyboard shortcuts
SFT+*PressSFT, and then press*,enter the star key mode.
SFT+PressSFT,and then press, enter the EDM signal checking.
4. Cursor key
Left, right, up and down cursor or select other option
5Alphanumeric key
09: During numeric input, input number of the key. During alphabetic
input, input the characters displayed above the key in the order
they are listed.
.Input a decimal point.
-Input minus sign.
7

Example 1Input file name FTS
1 PressSFTto come in the inputting letters mode, there will be
the letter a displayed on the right of the screen.
2 Press 2three times, and then input the F
3 Press to move the curser to the right, press 7 twice
and input the letter T.
4 Press to move the curser to the right, press 7 once
and input the letter S.
5 Press to confirm it.

Select a job
a
J OB FTS

LIST

Example 2Set the unit of air pressure as mmHg
(1) In the config. mode , Press /to move the cursor
to 4.Unit. Press to confirm it.
(2) Press /to move the cursor to Pres. unit
(3) Press /to move the cursor and select the unit
mmHg.
(4) Press to confirm it and then exit.

CONFIG

1.Obs. condition

2.Instr. const

3.Key function

4.Unit

Ang. unit *deg

Dist. unit *m
Temp. unit *

Press. unit mmHg

8

4.2 Display functions
Status screen

9

Total Station
Ver 3.5

NO. 000001

Meas mode screen

43 Display symbol
In the Meas mode , the symbol meaning
PC prism constant value
ppm atmospheric correction factor
S slope distance
H horizontal distance
V height distance
ZA zenith angle
VA vertical angle
HAR horizontal angle right
HAL horizontal angle left
HAh hold on the horizontal angle
MEAS MEM CNFG
MEAS
H a
ZA 994313
HAR 1200912 P1
DIST SHV HSET EDM

Battery power
Keys status
Compensation
Page number

Instrument series
Software version
Instrument No.

Distance
Vertical angle
Horizontal angle

10
5USING THE BATTERY
This instrument has the charger and battery of itself. The voltage of the battery is 7.2V.
Please charge it before measurement. Please read the operation manual carefully
before you use it.
5.1 Charging procedure
1 Connect the battery to the charger.
2 Plug the charger into the wall outlet. Make sure the battery contacts the
charger well. When charging starts, the red lamp starts blinking.
3 The light turns to green when charging is finished.
4 When charging finished, unplug the charger and then remove the battery.
5.2 Cautions
1 Do not remove the battery while the instrument is ON.
2 Before removing the battery, turn off the power of the instrument.
3 When installing/removing the battery, make sure that moisture or dust
particles do not come in contact with the inside of the instrument.
4 Periodically clean the contacts with the cleaning cloth to keep them free of dirt.
5 Please charge the battery at this temperature range 0C to 45C.
6 Before storing the battery, you should fully charge it. You should charge it
every three months at least. If not the battery will discharge by itself, and the
voltage will be very low. Life of the battery will be affected.
7 The temperature and the humidity will affect the battery discharge rate. Store
the battery in a dry room and the temperature range should be 0C to 20C.
5.3 Charger operation manual
1 Never use this charger with other batteries.
2 This charger is a Quick Charger, and will finish charging in four hours.
3 After charging, the capability of the battery will attain 75%~80%. If you want
to charge it full, you need 2~4 hours small current charging.
4 When the charger is empty or in the small current charging, the green light will
come on. In the quick charge mode the red light will display, when finished, it
will return to the small current status.
5 The battery will not be damaged in the trickle charge mode, but do not charge
the battery over 24hrs.
6 If there remains a charge in the batteries, the charger may not come in the
quick charge mode. It will charge it in the trickle charge mode. If you want it to
quick charge, you must put the batteries in the charger and then connect the
charger with the power supply.

11
5.4 Installing battery

5.5 Removing battery

Press the button down and take battery out of groove.

5.6 Battery power display
There is a display on the screen that can be used to check the status of the battery
power.

90-100% 50-90% 10-50% 0-10%

If there is no power, the instrument will give an alarm every ten seconds, and it will
display Battery is low. You should finish the measurement quickly, saving data and
change to another battery. If you do not, the unit will power off after one minute.

1. Press the button down and place the battery into the groove in the instrument.
2. Release button and press button upward..

Fig.1 Fig.2

12
6SETTING UP THE INSTRUMENT
Caution: Mount the battery in the instrument before performing this
operation because the instrument will tilt slightly if the battery is mounted
after leveling.
1 Make sure the legs are spaced at equal intervals and the head is
approximately level. Set the tripod so that the head is positioned over the
surveying point. Make sure the tripod shoes are firmly fixed in the ground.
2 Place the instrument on the tripod head. Supporting it with one hand, tighten
the centering screw on the bottom of the unit to make sure it is secured to
the tripod.
3 Rough Level the instrument with the circular level
a. Rotate the foot screws A and B, make the bubble to the vertical line of
the foot screw center line.
b. Rotate the foot screw C, make the bubble in the center.
c. Always turn the A & B screws in opposing directions. The bubble will
then go the direction your left thumb goes.

4 Fine Level the instrument with the plate level
a. Loosen the horizontal clamp to turn the upper part of the instrument until
the plate level is parallel to a line between
leveling foot screws A and B. Center the
air bubble using leveling foot screws A and
B. the bubble moves towards a clockwise
rotated leveling foot screw.
b. Turn the upper part of the instrument
though 90(100g). The plate level is now
perpendicular to a line between leveling foot screws A and B. Center the air bubble
by using leveling foot screw C.

B
C
A
foot screw C

13
5 Centering the instrument with optical plummet
Adjust the eyepiece of the optical plummet telescope to the users eyesight.
Move the instrument by loosening adjusting screw. Coincide image of the
point on the ground with the center mark of the optical plummet telescope.
Carefully move the instrument in order to make it steady.
Caution: dont rotate the
instrument on the tripod, in order
to decrease the excursion of the
bubble.

6 Leveling the instrument accurately
Follow the step 4, until you rotate the
instrument and the bubble always in center. Tighten the centering screw.

7FOCUSSING AND TARGET SIGHTING
CAUTION
When sighting the target, strong light shining directly into the objective
lens may cause the instrument to malfunction. Protect the objective
lens from direct light by attaching the lens cap when not in use.
Observe the same point of the reticle when the telescope face is
changed.
1 Focus on the reticle: look through the telescope eyepiece at a bright and
featureless background. Turn the eyepiece screw clockwise, then
counterclockwise little by little until just before the reticle image becomes
focused. Using these procedures, frequent reticle refocusing is not necessary
since your eye is focused at infinity.
2 Sight the target: loosen the vertical and horizontal clamps, then use the peep
sight to bring the target into the field of view. Tighten both clamps.
3 Focus on the target: turn the telescope focusing ring to focus on the target.
Turn the vertical and horizontal fine motion screws to align the target with
the reticle. The last adjustment of each fine motion screw should be in the
clockwise direction.
4 Readjust the focus until there is no parallax: readjust the focus with the
focusing ring until there is no parallax between the target image and the
reticle.
Observation
Center mark

14
8POWER ON
1 When the power is switched on, you will hear a buzzer. A self-check is run to
make sure the instrument is operating normally. The instrument number and
the software number will be displayed, and it will display V angle set 0.
2 Rotate the telescope until you hear a buzzer, then the instrument will start
operation in the Meas mode.
Caution
If out of range is displayed, the instrument tilt sensor is indicating
that the instrument is out of level. Level the instrument once again and
the horizontal and vertical angles will be displayed.
When there is high wind or unstable set up positions, you should turn
off the tilt angle compensation before measurement.

15
9FUNCTION IN THE STAR ()KEY MODE
At any mode, pressing SFTand can enter the star key mode. In this mode
you can do this:
F1on / off the light of the screen.
F2power on / off the laser plummet.(for instruments with laser plummet)
F3on / off tilt angle compensation.
F4check the memory status.

9.1 Tilt angle display and compensation

Instr. Func

?
ILLU LDPT TILT MEM
1Press TILT to enter the screen that will
display the tilt angle and compensation.
Tilt angle value in X (sighting) direction is
displayed on the screen.
If the value over 3it will display out
of range.

TILT

TILT_X
-00026
Turn on correction
NO YES
2. Press YESto turn on correction and
return to the star key mode screen. Then
the instrument will compensate the tilt
angle.

YES

Instr. Func

?
ILLU LDPT TILT MEM
Setting Tilt crn of Obs. condition in config mode can turn on or off tilt angle correction
also, and the setting remains even when the power supply is cut off.
The range of the compensator is: 3.

16
9.2 Checking the memory quickly

1Press MEMto display the status of memory.
JobThe current job.
Recsthe number of records in the
current job.
Recs freeThe number of the free record
blocks can be used to store data in the
memory.
Total recordTotal record blocks in the
memory.
MEM
Mem. status
Job JOB01
Recs 254
Total 15216
Recs free 14962
2Press ESC to return to the star key
mode screen.
ESC

Instr. Func

?

ILLU LDPT TILT MEM

10ANGLE MEASUREMENT
Please refer to section: 21.2 record the angle measurement data, to learn about
recording measurements
10.1 Measuring the horizontal angle between two points
Use the 0 SET function to measure the included angle between two points. The
horizontal angle can be set to 0 at any direction.

Operating Keys Display
1. Using the telescope and tangents, sight the
first target as shown in the diagram to the
right.

1st target
Instrument Station

2. Press the 0SETkey on the second page
of the Meas Mode screen, 0SET will flash,
so press it again. The horizontal angle will
then be set to 0 at the first.

MEAS
H
0SET
ZA 994313
0SET
HAR P2 00000
0SET CRD S-O REC
3. Now site the second target as shown.
Once you have sighted the second target,
the angle displayed will be the angle
between the first and second target points.
In this case that angle is: 1202112
Instrument Station
2nd target 1st target

MEAS
H
ZA 994313
HAR P2 1202112
0SET CRD S-O REC
17

10.2 Setting the horizontal angle to a required value

1.You can reset the horizontal angle to a required value and use this value to find the
horizontal angle of a new target.


1. Sight the first target and then press

the HSET in the first page of the
Set H angle
Meas Mode Screen. The screen pictured
HAR 120.0912
to the right will appear.

HSET

BS

2. From this screen, enter in the angle you

wish to use as a reference. In this case,
MEAS
use 120.0912 Please note the use of
H
the decimal. Once complete,
ZA 994313

press . See display at right.
HAR 1200912 P1

DIST SHV HSET EDM

3. Sight the second target. The

horizontal angle from the second
MEAS
target to the value set as the horizontal
H
angle is displayed.
ZA 994313
HAR 1402010 P1
DIST SHV HSET EDM
Calculating the azimuth Press BS.See 12.2 Azimuth angle setting
18

2. Pressing HOLDperforms the same function as above.
Before this operation, you should define the horizontal hold function HOLD in the
Meas mode. See 22.3.1 defining softkeys.

1. Turn the instrument to the desired Hz

angle using the Hz tangent and fine motion
MEAS
knob. Once you have the angle on the
H
screen, lock the Horizontal Tangent in place.
ZA 994313
HAR 1202112 P1
DIST SHV HOLD EDM

2. PressHOLDand the Hz angle will
flash. Press it again, and the horizontal
MEAS
angle in the display will be held.
H
HOLD
ZA 994313
HOLD
HAR 1202112 P1
DIST SHV HOLD EDM

3. Now sight your desired reference target.
Press the HOLD button one time.
MEAS
This will set the angle and unlock it from
H
being held so that you may now turn
HOLD
ZA 994313
angles.
HAR 1202112 P1
DIST SHV HOLD EDM
19

10.3 Selecting the direction of horizontal angleHAL/ HAR

The CST/Berger Total Station can read and display angles in the HAR right mode
(angles right) or the HAL left mode (angles left). Before doing this, you should define
the R/Lkeys in the Meas mode. See 22.3.1 defining softkeys.

1. By Pressing theR/L buttonthe
horizontal angle will be changed from
MEAS
the default value of HAR to the new
H
value of HAL. Angles will be CCW.
R/L
ZA 994313

HAL 2393848 P1
Display will change as pictured to the
DIST SHV R/L EDM
right.

2. By pressingR/Lagainthe display
will be placed back in the HAR mode.
MEAS
H
Display will change as pictured to the
R/L
ZA 994313
right.
HAR 1202112 P1
DIST SHV R/L EDM
The relation of HAL and HARHAL=360- H A R

20

10.4 Slope
The total station can display the % slope as well as vertical angle.
Before this operation, you should define theA/% in the Meas mode. See 22.3.1
Defining Softkeys.
1. PressA/%the % slope of the
vertical angle will be displayed on ZA line
MEAS
as pictured to the right.
H
ZA -17.128 %
A/%
HAL 2393848 P1
DIST SHV A/% EDM

2 Press A/%once again to display
the normal vertical angle mode as
MEAS
pictured to the right.
H
A/%
ZA 994313
HAR 2393848 P1
DIST SHV A/% EDM
The range of % slope can be displayed 300
When the vertical angle setting horizontal 0ZAwill displayVA

21

10.5 Horizontal angle repetition
To find the horizontal angle with greater precision, perform repetition measurement.

I n s t r u m e n t S t a t i o n
1st meas.end(the angle is displayed)
2 n d m e a s . S t a r t s
3 r d m e a s . S t a r t s
2n d me as.e nd(a vera ge o f t w o me asu reme nts is d ispl ayed )
3r d me as. e n d ( a vera ge o f th ree mea su r e m e n t s is dis play ed)
1 s t m e a s . S t a r t s
1 s t T a r g e t ( B S )
2 n d T a r g e t ( F S )

1. In the third page of the Meas Mode,
pressMENU,then select
MENU
8. Repetition.
MENU
5.REM
6.Area Calcul.
7.Offset
8.Repetition

2. Press begin with the angle
repetition measurement . Sight the
HARp 00000
first target and press OK.
Reps 0

Avg 00000
OK
Take 1st target
CE OK

3. Sight the second target and pressOK.
HARp 300000
Reps 1
Avg 300000
OK
Take 2nd target
CE OK
22

Display
Operating Keys

4Sight the target point 1 again, and press
OK.

HARp 300000
Reps 1
Avg 300000
OK
Take 1st target
CE OK

5Sight the target point 2 again, press

OKThe added value of the horizontal
HARp 600002
angle is displayed on the first line
Reps 2
HARp and the average value of the
Avg 300001
OK
horizontal angle is displayed on the
Take 2nd target
third line AVG.
CE OK

6Repeat the step 4 to 5, and continue the

measurement process.

7When the measurement is completed,
ESC
pressESC.
Pressing REPin the Meas mode performs the same function. Please see 22.3.1 defining
softkeys.
Press CEto cancel last measurement and redo it.
The maximum number of angle measurements that can be made is 10.

10.6 Outputting angle measurement data

1. Connect the total station to a computer.
2. DefineSENDin the Meas modePlease see 22.3.1 defining softkeysand set
the communication baud ratePlease see 22.2 instrument configuration.
3. Sight the target point.
4. Press Sendto output the observed data to the computer.

23

11. DISTANCE MEASUREMENT
11.1 EDM Settings
Complete the following EDM settings before the distance measurement
Atmospheric correction factor
Target Type
Station Height and Target Height if required
Prism constant correction value
Distance measurement mode

1. Atmospheric correction factor
To perform higher accuracy measurements, it is necessary to find the atmospheric correction
factor from even more accurate temperature and pressure measurements and perform an
atmospheric correction.

The total station measures the distance with a beam of light, but the velocity of this light varies
according to the index of refraction of light in the atmosphere. This index of refraction of light
varies according to the temperature and pressure. In the normal conditions, with constant
pressure, a temperature change of 1C, or with constant temperature, a pressure change of
3.6hPaan index change of 1 ppm . This means the distance measurements will be changed
1mm for one kilometer. So in order to precisely determine the atmospheric correction factor, the
average air pressure and temperature along the measurement beam route must be taken. Take
care when calculating the correction factor in mountainous terrain as the difference in height will
result in differences in atmospheric conditions between two points.
The instrument is designed so that the correction factor is 0 ppm at an air pressure of 1013
hPa and a temperature of 15C.
The atmospheric correction factor (ppm) can be calculated using the following formula and
stored in the instruments memory.

0.2904pressurehPa
ppm = 278.96 -
1+0.003661temperatureC

If the weather correction is not required, set the ppm value to 0.
The ppm data can also be entered directly.
A quick rule of thumb may also apply when needing barometric pressure. Take 1 of
mercury from 30 for every 1000ft above sea level.

24

2. Prism constant correction value
Reflective prisms each have their prism constant (PC). Before measurement, you must set the
prism constant correction value of the prism you are using. This instruments prism constant
correction value has been set to 0 by default. (CST Prisms are either 0 or -30)

3. Distance measurement mode
Fine Single measurement (Fine s.)
Fine Repeat measurement (Fine r.)
Fine Average measurement (Fine AVG)
Rapid Single measurement (Rapid s.)
Rapid Repeat measurement (Rapid r.)
Tracking measurement (Tracking)

1From the first page of the Meas mode.
MEAS
H
ZA 994313
HAR 1202112 P1
DIST SHV HSET EDM

2Press EDMto Enter the EDM Setting
Screen.
EDM set
Mode: Fine r.
EDM
C&R crn: OFF
PC: 0 P1

OK

3Press /to change the
distance measurement mode to
EDM set
Rapid Repeat measurement mode.

Mode Rapid r.
C&R crn OFF
PC 0 P1
OK
25

4Press or press PAGE
directly to come to the temperature line
EDM set
of the second page, and input
Temp<C> 25
the temperature 25 C.

Pres<hPa> 1013
ppm: 0 P2

0PPM OK

5Press / to move cursor to
the air pressure line and enter 1013,
EDM set
the ppm data is then
Temp<C>: 25
calculated automatically and

Pres<hPa>: 1013
displayed on ppm line.
ppm: 9 P2
0PPM OK

6Press OKto confirm
You will then be returned to the Main
MEAS
Meas mode screen.
H
ZA 994313
OK
HAR 1202112 P1
DIST SHV HSET EDM
When ppm value entered directly, temperature and pressure values will be cleared.
0PPM:Atmospheric correction factor returns to 0 and temperature and pressure are set to the
default values.
C&R crnEarth curvature and refraction correction. The value can be select from OFF, 0.14, 0.20 .
It should be taken care when measuring a long horizontal distance and height difference. Default
value is OFF.
26

11.2 Returned signal checking
Check to make sure that sufficient reflected light is returned by the reflective
prism sighted by the telescope. This function comes in handy when using in
conjunction with making long distance measurements.
Note: In short distance measurement, even though the center of the reflective
prism and the reticle are slightly misaligned, * will be also displayed, but in fact,
accurate measurement is impossible. Therefore make sure that the target is
sighted correctly.
This Checking can be performed at any time unless in the star key mode.

11.3 Distance and angle measurement
An angle can be measured at the same time as the distance.
About record distance and angle data please see 21.1 Recording distance
measurement data

1 Press SFTand then press - to

come in returned signal checking which

is shown by the intensity by the gauge.
Aiming
The more black part displayed, the
greater the quantity of reflected light.
* Signal
if * is displayed, only enough light for
the measurement is returned.
When * is not displayed, accurately
re-sight the target and try again.
The buzzer will sound when light is
returned. PressBEEPto close.
SFT
-

BEEP

2Press ESCto finish signal checking
ESC
and return to previous mode.
* If the single measurement mode is selected, measurements automatically stop after a single
measurement.
* During fine average measurement, the distance data is displayed as H_1, H_2,to H_9. When
the designated number of measurements has been completed, the average value of the distance is
displayed in the H line.
27

11.4 Outputting distance measurement data
1. Connect the total station to computer or peripheral equipment.
2. DefineSENDin the Meas modePlease see 22.3.1 defining softkeysand set
the communication baud ratePlease see 22.2 instrument configuration.
3. Sight the target point.
4. Press Sendto output the distance data to computer or peripheral equipment.
Operating Display Keys

1. Sight Target as normal practice dictates.

2To take measurement, press DISTfrom
Dist.
the Meas Mode Screen. When the
Shot PC = 0
measurement starts, EDM information
ppm = 0
DIST (distance mode, prism constant
Mode: Fine r
correction value, atmospheric
STOP
correction factor) is displayed and
Shot flashes.

3. A short beep sounds, and the measured
distance data(H),vertical angle(ZA),and
Dist.
STOP horizontal angle(HAR) are displayed.
H 265.437m *

ZA 994313
Press STOP to quit distance
measurement and return to the Meas
mode.
HAR 1202112

STOP

4. After pressing stop, measurement data
will be displayed on the Meas Mode
main screen.
MEAS.
H 265.437m
ZA 994313
HAR 1202112 P1
DIST SHV HSET EDM

5. By Pressing theSHVkey, the slope
distance S, horizontal distance H and
height difference V are both displayed
SHV
on the screen at the same time.
MEAS
S 269.303m
H 265.437m
V -45.469m P1
DIST SHV HSET EDM
28

12COORDINATE MEASUREMENT
Using the coordinate measurement application will enable the user to determine the
3-dimensional coordinates of a target position based on the Inst. Stn., Inst. Hgt., Tgt.
Hgt., and back sight data. EDM setting should be done before coordinate measurement.
Please see 11.1 EDM settings.

12.1 Inputting instrument station coordinates
Ensure that the instrument station, back sight station or angles are set prior to
taking any measurements.
To accurately determine Heights, make sure that the Instrument Height and Target
Height are also set prior to taking any measurements.

29

12.1.1 Inputting instrument station coordinate from keyboard


1In the second page of Meas Mode,

press CRDto display coordinate COORD
measurement menu. 1.Observation
Selecting 1. Coordinate in
Menu Mode can perform the
same function.
2.Stn. data
CRD
3.Stn. orient
4.Ins.h & Tgt.h

2Select 2. Stn. data and press

to enter station setting
Set station
screen.
N0m: 0.000
Input the station coordinates.
E0m: 0.000
When you wish to read in the
registered coordinate data in the
memory, pressREAD.
Z0m: 0.000
WhenRECis pressed,
instrument station data is stored
in the current JOB. Please see
store the data in the record
mode.
READ REC OK

3Press OKto confirm the station
coordinate and return.

COORD
1.Observation
2.Stn. data
OK
3.Stn. orient
4.Ins.h&Tgt.h
30

12.1.2 Reading in registered coordinate data
The coordinate data registered in the memory in advance can be recalled by pressing
READwhen inputting coordinates.
Known point data, coordinate data in the current job and coordinate data in any job file
can be read in.
1. In the Setting Station Screen , press
READto display the search point
screen.
Search point
File Known data
The file from which coordinate data
will be read in is displayed on the
second line. This file can be changed
by pressing FILE.
Pt.
FILE

FILE LIST

2Press FILEto select another file.
Press/to move the cursor
to the required position, press
Select File
1.Known data

2.Current job

.
3.Job list
Example: Select the Current job.

3Input the point number you want to
search and press

.
Search point
You can also pressLISTto list all
data in the file and select the
required point.
File JOB1

Pt.2

FILE LIST

4. When the point is found, the

coordinate of the point will be
Set station
displayed.
N0m:353.636
Press OKto set the data as the
instrument station coordinate and
return .

E0m: 237.358
Z0m: 0000
READ REC OK
In the data list
Press /to move the cursor up and down from line to line.
Press SFTand then Press /to move the cursor from page to page.
Press TOPto move the cursor to the lists beginning, press LASTto move the cursor
to the lists end.
Press SRCHto input the point name and search it.
31

12.2 Azimuth angle setting
The azimuth angle of the backsight point can be set by inputting the angle directly or
by calculating from coordinates of the back sight point and the instrument station.

1Select 3. Stn.orient in <COORD>
menu, and press

to enter the
COORD
the azimuth angle setting mode.
1.Observation

2.Stn. data
3.Stn. orient
4.Ins.h&tgt.h

2. Input the azimuth angle directly and

sight the backsight point, press
Set H angle
to complete the orientation of the
HAR
instrument station and return.
please see 11.2 set the horizontal as

BS

the needed direction
BS
Press BSto set azimuth angle by
calculating from coordinates.

32

Display
Operating Keys

3. Input the coordinates of the backsight
point and press OK. Set H angle/BS
When you wish to read in and set
coordinate data from memory, press
READ.Please see 12.1.2
Reading in registered coordinate
data.
N<m>: 248.695
E<m>: 176.254
Z<m>:

12.3 Inputting the height of instrument and target
If you wish to measure the Z coordinatethe height of the prism and the instrument
must be entered.

Press STNto input the
coordinates of the instrument
station .See12.1 Inputting
instrument station coordinate
OK

READ STN OK

4. Calculated azimuth angle is displayed.

Sight the backsight point and press
YES to complete setting and return
to <COORD> menu.
Set H angle/BS
H angle: 994313

YES

Take backsight?
NO YES
1. Select 4. Ins.h & Tgt.h in <COORD>
menu, and press to come in the
screen of inputting the prism height
and instrument height.
COORD
In the third page of the Meas mode,
press HTto perform the same
function.
1.Observation
2.Stn. data
3.Stn. orient
4.Ins.h&Tgt.h

2. Input the height of the prism and the
instrument, press OKconfirm the
data and return to <COORD> menu.

Ins.h & tgt.h
Tgt.h<m>1.50

Ins.h<m>: 1.35
OK

OK
33

12.4 3-D COORDINATE MEASUREMENT
The instrument user may determine the coordinates of a target points based on the
station and backsight data along with rod and target heights.

The coordinate values of the target are calculated using the following formula.
N1=N0+SsinZcosAz
E1=E0+SsinZsinAz
Z1=Z0+ScosZ+ih-th

N0Station N coordinate SSlope distance ihInstrument height
E0Station E coordinate ZZenith angle thTarget height
Z0Station Z coordinate AzDirection angle

34

Display
Operating Keys

1. Sight the prism at the target point, In
<COORD> menu, select
COORD
1.Observation
1. Observation and press to
2.Stn. data
start measurement.
3.Stn. orient

4.Ins.h&Tgt.h

1. The coordinate value of the target is
displayed.
COORD.
Press STOPto quit measurement.
N 156.760m
When the height of the next target
is different, reenter the target
height before beginning the
observation.Please see 12.3
Inputting the height of instrument
and prism
E 148.540m
Z 12.345m

Pressing RECcan record
measurement results. Please see
21.3 Recording coordinate
measurement data
Press EDMto change the
settings of EDM. (Please see 11.1
EDM Settings).

REC EDM HT OBS

2Sight the next target and press OBS
to start next measurement.
OBS
Continue until all targets have been
measured.

3Press ESCto finish the coordinate
measurement, return to <COORD>
Menu.

COORD
1.Observation
2.Stn. data ESC
3.Stn. orient
4.Ins.h & Tgt.h
35

13. SETTING-OUT MEASUREMENT (Stake Out)
Setting out is the process of measuring a point (set out point) and comparing it to
the required point data from the input data, plans or designs. The difference
between the data input to the instrument (the set-out data) and the measured value
can be displayed by measuring the horizontal angle, distance or coordinates of the
sighted point. The display data is figured by the following simple formula:
Display data=measured data-setting-out data

Most Setting out applications are performed in Face 1.

13.1 Distance setting-out measurement
The Process of finding a point (set out) based on the horizontal angle from the
reference direction and the distance from the instrument station will be described.

36

1Sight the reference direction in Face 1.

Reference direction
Instrument Station

2From the second page of the
Meas Mode , press 0SETtwo times
to set the Horizontal angle to 0

MEAS
H
(pressing 0SET one time will cause
ZA 994313
the Hz angle to flash, pressing

the second time will actually set
the horizontal angle to 0.
0SET
HAR 00000 P2
REC 0SET CRD S-O

3In the second page of the Meas Mode,
press S-O to enter into

S-O
the setting-out measurement menu.
1.S-O data
S-O In the menu mode, selecting
2.S-O obs.
3.Stn. data
2. S-O performs the same function.

4.Stn. orient
4Select 1. S-O data and press

to enter the screen
S-O H & HA
option to allow the input of setting-out
H<m>:
data. (also known as stake-out data)
HA:
Input the following items:
(1) H: horizontal distance from the
instrument station to the point to
be set out.
(2) HA: angle between the direction of
the reference and the point to be
set out.

CRD OK
37

Operation Keys Display
5Press OK to enter the setting-out
observation screen.

dHhorizontal distance difference.
dHA: horizontal angle difference
OK

S-O H
dH
dHA -1192318
HAR 00000
EDM MODE OBS
6Press to enter the setting-out
leading screen. The horizontal angle
difference between the target and the
point to be set out is displayed on the
second line, and the arrow displays which
direction the target should be moved.
Arrow meanings
Looking from the station, move the
prism to the left.
Looking from the station, move the
prism to the right.
To return to the setting-out observation,
press DIFF.

S-O H
-119 23 18

HAR 0 00 00
EDM MODE DIFF OBS
7. Rotate the instrument until 0 is displayed
on the second line. When the
horizontal angle difference is within 30,
will be displayed.

S-O H
00000

HAR 1192319
EDM MODE DIFF OBS

8. Place the prism on the sight line.

9. Press OBSto start distance
measurement.
OBS

S-O H
Shot PC = 0
ppm = 9
Mode: Rapid r

STOP
38


10. When the measurement is
completed, the horizontal distance
difference is displayed on the third

S-O H

line and the arrow displays
00001
which direction the target should be
moved from the instrument.
The Meaning of the arrows
Move the prism towards inst.
-15.346m
HAR 1192319
Move the prism away from inst.
To change EDM settings, Press
EDM. Please see 12.1 Setting the
Distance Meas

EDM MODE OBS DIFF

11. Move the prism forward and backward
until the horizontal distance
S-O H
00001
difference is 0. When the horizontal
distance difference is within 1cm,
0.001m
will be displayed.
HAR 1192319
When repeat measurement mode or
tracking measurement mode is
selected, without any key press, the
setting-out result will be displayed
continuously while sighting the
prism .

EDM MODE DIFF OBS

12 Press DIFF to display the

setting-out result. Press ESC to
S-O H
dH
return to <S-O> menu.
0.001m
DIFF
dHA 00001
HAR 1192319
EDM MODE OBS
Press MODEto change setting-out measurement mode, the mode will be toggled between
setting-out distance and setting-out coordinate.
When repeat measurement mode or tracking measurement mode is selected, press STOPto
stop measurement.

39

13.2 Coordinates Setting-out Measurement

Setting-out coordinates measurement is used to set out the point whose
coordinates is known. After inputting the coordinates for the point to be set out,
the instrument calculates the setting-out horizontal angle and horizontal distance
and stores them in the memory. By selecting the horizontal angle and then the
horizontal distance setting-out functions, the required coordinate location can be
set out.
To find the Z coordinate, ensure that the instrument height and the prism height
are the same.

0
Backsight
Point
Instrument station
Angle
Point to be set out
Distance
Present target
Position

40

1 On the third page of the Meas Mode
Screen, press S-Oto enter the <S-O>
menu.
Selecting 2. S-O in the Menu Mode

S-O
1.S-O data
2.S-O obs.
will perform the same function.
3.Stn.data
2. Select 3. Stn.data to input the
instrument station data. Select 4. Stn.
orient to set the azimuth angle. Select
4.Stn.orient
5. Ins.h&Tgt.hto input the instrument
height and the prism height.Please see
12.1 inputting instrument station
coordinate, 12.2 Azimuth angle setting,
12.3 inputting the height of instrument
and prism
S-O

3 Then select 1. S-O data and press
to enter the setting-out data

S-O H & HA
screen.
H<m>:

HA:

CRD OK

4Press CRD.<S-O Coord.> is displayed.
Input the coordinates of the point to be set
out. (Staked out)
S-O Coord.
Np<m>:
When READ is pressed, stored
coordinates can be recalled and used as
set-out coordinates.Please see 12.1.2
Reading in registered coordinate data

Ep<m>:
Zp<m>
CRD
Press H&HAto enter the distance
set-out mode.
Press REC to record the input
coordinate data.
READ REC H&HA OK
41


5. After the coordinates are entered, press
[OK]. The distance and the horizontal
angle of the point to be set out are

calculated and displayed on the screen.
If the prism height has to be changed.
Press HTand re-enter the prism
height before the measurement.(Please
see 12.3 inputting the height of
instrument and prism)

OK

S-O H & HA
H<m>: 226.4854
HA: 794337

OK CRD HT

6. Press OKto enter the Set Out Coord

S-O Coord.
observation screen.
dN
dE
dZ
OK

EDM MODE OBS

7. Press to enter the setting-out
leading screen. Following step 7 to 10 in
13.1 Distance setting-out measurement,
complete the plane coordinates
setting-out. Then observe the difference
height between the target and the
required point which displayed on the
fourth line.
The Arrows mean the following:
move the prism up ward
move the prism down ward

S-O Coord.
00000
0.001m

0.143m
EDM MODE DIFF OBS
42

8. Move the prism upward and downward
until the value displayed on the fourth

Reference: Distance correction in the coordinates setting-out measurement.
The total station can carry out the distance correction of Average Elevation and
Projection by setting a scale factor.

The correction is performed using the following formula:
1The distance on the projection plane:
HDg = HDscale factor
HDgThe distance on the projection plane.
HD The distance on the ground.
2The distance on the ground:
HD = HDg/ scale factor
Note: When the scale factor is set, it will affect all functions related to coordinate
measuring.
Scale factor input range: 0.98-1.02. Default value is 1.000000(This means no
correction is carried out.)
The steps to change scale factor are described next.
line is 0m.
When the height difference approach
0mtwo arrows will be displayed.
When all the values displayed on the
screen are 0, the position of the rod is
now marking the point to set out.

S-O Coord.

000
0.000m
0.000m

MODE DIFF EDM

STOP
9. Press DIFFto display the setting-out
results (Deltas)

S-O Coord.
Press ESCto return to <S-O> menu.

DIFF
dN: 0.000m
dE: -0.001m
dZ: 0.001m
EDM MODE DIFF STOP
43

1Press EDM in the first page of the
Meas Mode.
EDM set
Mode: Fine s.
C&R crn: OFF
PC: 0 P1
OK
EDM

EDM set
2Press /or press PAGEdirectly
to move the cursor to the scale factor line.

Scale F 1.000000

P3

CAUTION: If you have set the scale factor to any value other than 1.000000, Double
check the setting during the next time you wish to use the instrument. Make sure the
scale factor is set appropriately each and every use.

OK

3Input the scale factorpress OK and
return to the Meas mode.
OK

MEAS
H
ZA 994313
1200912 P1 HAR
DIST SHV HSET EDM
44

14OFFSET MEASUREMENT
Offset measurements are performed when a target cannot be positioned directly on a
point or when one needs to find the angle and distance of a point that can not be seen.
1. It is possible to find the distance and angle to a point you wish to measure by
positioning a prism and pole on a point that is slightly off from the target point
and measuring the distance and angle from the surveyed point to the offset point.
2. There are two measuring methods: distance offset and angle offset.
Ensure that the softkey OFS is allocated in the Meas Mode according to 22.3.
Defining softkeys.

3. In the Menu Mode, selecting 7. Offset can perform these functions also.

14.1 Distance Offset Measurement
Finding the point by entering the horizontal distance from the target point to the offset
point.
O f f s e t P o i n t
T a r g e t P o i n t
I n s t r u m e n t S t a t i o n

* When the offset point is positioned to the left or right of the target point, the angle
formed by intersecting lines connecting the offset point to the target point and the
offset point to the instrument station is as close to 90 degrees as possible.
* When the offset point is located in front or behind the target point, make sure that
the offset point is in line with the instrument and target.
45

1 Set the offset point close to the target
point and measure the distance between
them, then set up a prism on the offset
MEAS.
point. Sight the offset point and press

S 265.437m
DISTin the first page of the Meas mode
to measure it.(Please see 11.3 Distance
ZA 893318
HAR 502642 P1
and angle measurement)
DIST SHV HSET EDM

2 Press OFSenter the offset
Offset
1.Offset/Dist.
measurement menu.

OFS

2.Offset/Angle
3.Stn.data

3. Select 1. Offset/Dist. to enter the
Offset/Dist.
distance offset screen. The measurement
S 265.437m
results of the offset point are displayed.
ZA 893318
PressOBSto re-observe the offset
point.

HAR 502642 P1
OFST OBS
4. Press OFSTand input the follow items

(1)Input the horizontal distance from the
target point to the offset point and press
.
(2) Press/to select the direction
of offset point.
Closer than the target point.
Beyond the target point.
On the right of the target point.
On the left of the target point.

OFST

Offset data

Dist<m>: 2568
Direc
OK
46

5. Press OK. The distance and angle

of the target point are calculated and
Offset/Target
displayed.
Press RECto record the result. (Please see
21.1 Recording distance measurement
data).
S 263.683m
ZA 895310
HAR 502642 P1
REC

14.2 Angle Offset Measurement
Position the prism pole on the offset points either on the right or left side of the object
as closely as possible remembering the note about the angle between Instr. Point and
Offset Point and Offset Point and Target Point being as close to 90degrees as possible.
Then measure the distance to the offset points and the horizontal angle of the target
point.
Target Point
Offset Point
Offset Point
Instrument Station

Press SFTto switch the screen display from
distance values to coordinates values.
Press NOto return to display the previous
distance and angle.
Press YESto return to <Offset> menu.
OK
SFT NO YES
47

1. Set the offset point as close to the object to
be measured as closely as possible, making
sure the distance from the instrument
station to the target point & the height of
the offset points and the target point are
the as close as possible. Then observe the
offset point as the new target point.
MEAS
S 265.437m
ZA 893318
HAR 502642 P1
Press DISTin the first page of the Meas
Mode to begin measurement.(Please see
11.3 Distance and angle measurement)
DIST
DIST SHV HSET EDM
OFS

2. Press OFSto enter the offset
measurement menu screen.

Offset
1.Offset/Dist.
2.Offset/Angle
3.Stn.data

3. Select 2.Offset/Angle to enter the
angle offset screen. The measurement
results of the offset point are displayed.
S 265.437m
ZA
PressOBSto re-observe the offset
point.

893318
HAR 502642
2nd

obs. OK?
OBS OK

4. Press OK. The distance and angle
of the target point are displayed.
Offset/Target
Press RECto record the results. (Please see
21.1 Recording distance measurement data)
Press SFTto switch the screen display from
distance values to coordinates values.
Press NOto return to the previous distance
and angle.
S 265.437m
ZA 895310
HAR 593528
OK
Press YESto return to <Offset> menu.
REC SFT NO YES
48

5. Press SFT, and the coordinate of the

target point will be displayed.
Offset/Target
Select 3.Stn.data in <Offset> menu to
confirm the data of the instrument
station.
N 162.276m
E
SFT
208.365m
Z 16.378m
NO YES REC SFT

6. Press SFTto display the distance and
angle of the target point again.
Offset/Target

S 265.437m
SFT
ZA 895310
HAR 593528
REC SFT NO YES
49

15. MISSING LINE MEASUREMENT
The Missing Line Measurement (MLM) routine is used to measure the slope distance,
horizontal distance, and horizontal angle from one point to another with one point
being a reference point or starting point. This is done without moving the instrument.
The last measured point may be switched to the starting point for continuous
measurements.
If heights are going to be compared, the target height and instrument heights must be set.
Measurements may be displayed in %gradient from point to point.
15.1 Measuring the distance between 2 or more points

1 Sight the starting position, and press
MEAS
DIST in the first page of Meas

Mode to begin measurement.
The measured values are displayed.
Press STOPto stop measurement.

S 10.567m
DIST
ZA 701157

HAR 1353127 P1
DIST SHV HSET EDM
50


2 PressMLM in the third page of the
MLM
Meas Mode to enter the missing line
Sop
Measurement mode.
Hop Obs.2nd target MLM
Select 4. MLM in the Menu Mode to
perform the same function.
Vop
OBS MOVE S/% MLM

3. Sight the second target and press

MLMto begin observation. When V
MLM
observation finished , the following
Sop 27.354m
values are displayed
Hop 20.354m
Sop: Slope distance of the starting
Vop 1.012m
position and 2nd target point .
Hop: Horizontal distance of the starting
MLM
OBS MOVE S/% MLM
position and 2nd target point.
Vop: Height difference of the starting
position and 2nd target point.

4. Press S/%.The distance between two
V
MLM points is displayed as the gradient
Sop 48.755 % between two points.
Press S/%again to return to display
the slope distance.
S/%
Hop 20.354m
Vop 1.012m
OBS MOVE S/% MLM
5. Sight the next target point and press
MLMto observe it. Slope distance,

horizontal distance and height distance
V between multiple points and the starting
MLM
point can be measured this way.
Sop 27.354m
Sight the starting point and press OBS
to re-observe it.
Hop 20.354m
Vop 1.012m
When MOVE is pressed, the last
target measured becomes the new
starting position to perform MLM of the
next target.
OBS MOVE S/% MLM
51

15.2 Changing the starting point
Some times it is necessary to make the last measured point the new starting point.


1. Observe the starting position and target
V
MLM following steps 1 to 3 in 15.1 Measuring
Sop 27.354m the distance between 2 or more points

Hop 20.354m
Vop 1.012m

OBS MOVE S/% MLM

2. After measuring the targets,
press MOVE.
MLM

MOVE
Move

NO YES
52

3 Press YESto change the last measured
MLM
point to the next starting position.
Sop
Perform MLM following steps 2 to 3 in 15.1
Measuring the Distance between 2 or more
points
Hop Obs. 2nd target
YES
Vop

OBS MOVE S/% MLM
53

16. REM MEASUREMENT
The REM Routine is used to measure vertical distances where a target cannot be placed
such as power lines, bridge heights and overhead cables.

The height of the target is calculated using the following formula:
Ht=h1+h2
h2=Ssin
z1
cot
z2
Scos
z1

Before using this routine, the softkey REMmust be allocated in the Meas Mode
according to 22.3.1 Defining softkeys. Selecting5.REM in the Menu Mode can
perform the same function.


1Position the prism directly under or directly
Ins.h & tgt.h
over the object and measure the prism
Tgt.h<m>1.50
height.
2In the third page of the Meas mode, press
HT to enter the prism height. Then
press OK to return.
HT
Ins.h<m>: 1.35
OK

OK
54

3. Accurately sight the prism, press DIST
MEAS
in the first page of the Meas mode to begin
S 10.567m
measurement. The measurement results
ZA 901157
DIST
are displayed. Press STOPto stop the
HAR 1353127 P1
measurement.

DIST SHV REM EDM

4 Press REMor select 5. REM in the
menu mode to come in the REM function REM
screen.
Ht. 1.50m
REM ZA 901157
S 10.567m

STOP

5. Sight the object, the height from the

ground to the object is displayed.
REM
While rotating the telescope, the height
Ht. 2.148m
are calculated and displayed in real time.
ZA 853845

S 10.567m
STOP

6 Press STOPto stop the measurement.

Press OBSto re-observe the prism.
REM
When the prism has been adjusted, press
HTto reenter the prism height.
Ht. 2.748m
Press REMbegin measurement again.
STOP
ZA 855855
S 10.567m
REM HT OBS

7 Press ESCto finish this function and
ESC
return.
55

17. RESECTION MEASUREMENT
To determine the coordinates of an instrument station by performing multiple
measurements of points whose coordinate values are known is the process of
Resection.
Entry Output
N0,E0,Z0station point coordinates Ni, Ei, Zi Coordinates of
known point
Hi Observed horizontal
angle

Vi Observed vertical
angle

Di Observed distance

By using from 2 to 10 known points (Coordinates), the total station can calculate an
instrument station position. If more than two points are used in the resection routine, the
coordinates of the instrument station are found using a least squares solution. Therefore
the more known points measured, the higher the calculation precision of the resection
point.
The function can be performed also by selecting 3.Resectionin the Menu Mode.
To properly use this function, please enter coordinates in a clock wise position and
measure them in that same manner.

56

17.1 Calculating the station coordinate by measuring 2 known point

Keys Display Operating

1 In the third page of the Meas Mode, press

RESEto perform this function.
Resection/PT-01
Selecting 3.Resection in the menu
Nm:
mode can also perform this function.
Em:
RESE
Zm:

READ REC OBS

2. Input the coordinates of the first known

point. Then sight it and press OBSto Resection
start measurement. S: 557.259m
Press STOPto stop measurement. ZA: 973105
OBS
HAR: 3511506
STOP

3. The measurement results are displayed

on the screen. Input the prism height of

S 557.259m the known point.
ZA: 973105

HAR: 3511506

Tgt.h<m>: 0.000
CE OK

4. Press OKand then input and measure
Resection/PT-02
the second known point in the same way.
Nm:

OK
Em:
Zm:
READ REC OBS
57

5. When the two known points have been

input and measured, the list of the known
Resection
points is displayed.
01PT-01
Press /to move the cursor and
select the known point.
02PT-02

Press ADDto add a known point for
resection.
Press REOBSto reenter or re-observe
the known point selected.
Press CALCto start calculations.
Press Y/N to make the known point
selected joining for calculation or not.

ADD REOBS Y/N CALC

6Press CALC. The instrument station
Resection
coordinates are calculated and displayed.
N0 100.003m
Press RECto store the results in the
memory.
E0 99.998m
CALC
Z0 0.001m
Press RECto accept the calculated
results as the new station coordinates.

REC OK

7. Press OKto set the instrument station
Resection
coordinates, then the azimuth angle of
Set H angle
the first known point as the backsight
HAR1311746
point is calculated and displayed.
Take 1st target
Sight the known point 1press YES OK
to set the azimuth angle and return to the
Meas Mode.
Press SKIP to return the Meas mode
without setting the azimuth angle.

SKIP YES
58

17.2 Calculating the station coordinate using multiple known points

1. Following the steps described in17.1
Calculate the station coordinates by
Resection
measuring two known points, input and
01PT-01
measure two known point, and then the
list of the known points are displayed.

02PT-02

ADD REOBS Y/N CALC

2. Press ADDto Input and measure the
other points (in clockwise) in the same
way as described above.
ADD
Resection/PT-03
Nm:
Em:
Zm:
READ REC OBS

3. Repeat the operation until all required
known points are input and measured.
Resection
03PT-03

04PT-04
05PT-05
ADD REOBS Y/N CALC

4 Press CALCto calculate the coordinate
Resection
of the instrument station.
N0 100.001m
Press OKto set the coordinate of the
station and return to the Meas Mode.
E0 99.999m CALC
Z0 0.000m
REC ERR OK

5. Press ERR. The standard deviation
Resection
which describes the measurement
N 1.8mm
accuracy are displayed.
E 2.6mm
ERR

Press ESC to return to the previous
screen.

59

Caution:
In some cases it is impossible to calculate the coordinates of an unknown
point if the unknown point and three or more known points are arranged
on the edge of a single circle. If this occurs, take one of the following
actions:
a) Position the instrument in the best fit center of the points around
the circle
b) Observe some more known points that are not on the circle.
c) Perform a distance measurement on at least one of the three
points.
In some cases it is impossible to calculate the coordinates of the
instrument station if the included angle between the known points is too
small. It is difficult to imagine that the longer the distance between the
instrument station and the known points, the narrower the included angle
between the known points. Be careful because the points can easily be
aligned on the edge of a single circle.

Solution A Solution B Solution C

60

18. AREA CALCULATION
This function allows for the calculation of the area of land using three or more known
points. The coordinates of the points can be specified by measuring the point,
reading-in from memory, and entering directly.

Input Output
CoordinateP1N1E1 Area S
P2N1E1
P3N1E1
N
E
PT-01
PT-02
PT-03
PT-05
PT-04
S

Before this measurement, the softkey AREA must be allocated in the Meas Mode
following the steps in 22.3.1 Defining softkeys.
Selecting 6. Area calc. in the menu mode can perform the same function.

The number of specified coordinates points:3 to 30 points.
Make sure that the points are done in a CCW or CW sequence. Failure to do so
will result in erroneous results.

61


1 Press Areain the Meas Mode or select
Area calculation
6.Area Calcul. In the Menu Mode to
PT-01
come in this function screen.

AREA
N<m>:
E<m>:
READ OBS OK

2 Sight the first point ,and press OBSto

begin measurement. When measurement
Area calculation
is finished, the measured values are
PT-01
displayed .
OBS
N<m>: 356.751 When READ is pressed, registered
coordinates can be recalled.Please see
E<m>: 234.465
12.1.2 Reading in registered coordinate
data.

READ OBS OK

3. Press OK,and then specify the next
point. Following step 2, enter the series of
Area calculation
points, the list of the known points will be
01 PT-01
displayed, and the area of the polygon
02 PT-02
enclosed with the known points can be
03 PT-03
calculated.
Press / to move the cursor and select
the known point.
Press ADDto add a known point to
enclose the polygon area.
Press CRDto enter or measure the
coordinates of the known point selected
again.
Press CALCto start calculations.
Press Y/N to make the known point
selected joining for calculation or not.
OK

ADD CRD Y/N CALC

4. Press CALC. The area and the
Area calculation
perimeter of the polygon enclosed with
Pts 3
the all known points are calculated and
displayed. Area 281370.000m
2

Press OKto finish the area calculation
function and return to the Meas mode.
Press ESCto return to the last screen.

CALC
Peri 2585.485m
OK
62

19. SETTING-OUT LINE
The Setting Out Line Routine allows for the set out of a point along a baseline at a
designated distance off the line as well as finding out the distance from a baseline to a
measured point.

Slope
Offset
Length
Azmuth
2nd Pt
Origin
N
Z
E

To perform setting-out line function, define the softkey LINE in the Meas mode
following the steps in 22.3.1 Defining softkeys.
Selecting 9. S-O line in the Menu Mode can perform this function also.

19.1 Defining baseline

In order to use this function correctly, the first thing that should be done is to establish
the base line. This can be done by inputting the coordinates of two known points or
by inputting the coordinates and the direction (angle) and grade of the line.

63


1 Press LINEin the Meas mode to enter

the menu mode come in <S-O LINE>
S-O LINE
menu.
1.Def.base line
Select 4. Stn.data to input the
2.Point
instrument station data. Select 5.Stn.
3.Line
orient to set the azimuth angle. Select
4.Stn.data
LINE
6.Ins.h&Tgt.hto input the instrument
height and the prism height.Please see
12.1 Inputting instrument station
coordinate, 12.2 Azimuth angle setting,
12.3 inputting the height of instrument
and prism.

2. Press to select Def. baseline.

Input the coordinate of the baseline
Baseline origin
starting point.
N<m>: 0.000
To recall the coordinate data registered in the
memory, press READ.Please see 12.1.2
Reading in registered coordinate data.
E<m>: 0.000
Z<m>: 0.000

Press RECto record the coordinate data in
the memory.
READ REC OK

3. Press OKafter inputting the data, then
input the azimuth and the grade of the Baseline direc.
baseline. Press OKto finish the
Direc 0.0000
definition of baseline. Slope 0.0000
When PT2 is pressedthe azimuth and
the grade of the baseline can be calculated
by inputting the coordinate of the second
point at the baseline.

OK

PT2 OK
64

4. Press PT2.Input the coordinate of the

19.2 Setting-out line point
This function can be used to calculate the required point coordinate by inputting the
length and the offset based on the baseline, then this point can be set out by
setting-out coordination measurement.
Before performing setting-out line point, the baseline must be defined.

X direction
Y direction
Length
Offset
2nd Pt
Origin
Baseline
Required point

second point at baseline. Baseline 2nd pt.
N<m>: To recall the coordinate data registered in the
memory, press READ.Please see 12.1.2
Reading in registered coordinate data.
E<m>: PT2
Z<m>:
Press RECto record the coordinate data in
the memory.

READ REC OK

5. After inputting the data, press OK.

The azimuth and the grade of the baseline
Baseline direc.
are calculated and displayed.
Direc 45.3532

Press OKto define the baseline and
return to <S-O LINE> menu.
OK
Slope 9.5428

PT2 OK
65


1. Select2.Point in <S-O LINE> menu

Input the following items
Set-out line
(1)Length: Distance along the baseline from
Length<m>:
the origin point to the position at
Offset<m>:
which a line extending from the

required point intersects the

baseline at right angles (X
direction).
(2)Offset: Distance along the baseline from
the origin point to the position at
which a line extending from the
required point intersects the
baseline at right angles (Y
direction).

OK

2 After inputting the data , press OK.The
coordinate value of the required point is
Set-out line
calculated and displayed.
Np: 843.267m
Press RECto record the coordinate value
Ep: 286.323m
as a known point data. Please see 21.3
Zp: 0.000m

Recording coordinate measurement data.
Press S-Oto begin the setting-out
measurement of the required point.please
see 13.2 coordinates setting-out
measurement).
REC S-O
3 Press ESC.Repeat the steps and
ESC
continue the measurement.
66

19.3 Setting-out line
The Setting-out line Line measurement tells how far horizontally the measured point
is from the baseline and how far vertically the measured point is from the connected
line. The baseline can be offset in a horizontal direction if necessary. Before performing
setting-out line Line, the baseline must be defined.

O r i g i n
Meas ured poin t
M e a s u r e d p o i n t
He i gh t D i ff e r en c e
P r o f i l e V i e w
O f f s e t
L e n g t h
O f f l i n e ( - )
2 n d P t

67


1. Select3.Line in <S-O LINE> menu.

Input the offset value of the line to be
Set-out line
set-out.

OffsetHow much to move the baseline. Right
side indicates positive values and left lide
indicates negative value.

Offset<m>:

2. After inputting it, press .

Sight the target and press OBS.

After the measurement finished, the
Set-out
difference between the measured point
Length 8.255m
and the baseline is displayed.
Offset -0.200m
Length: Distance along the baseline from the
origin point to the measured point.

dHt -1.102m
OBS
EDM CRD OBS
Offset: A positive value indicates the point is
on the right of the baseline and a negative
value indicates it is on the left
dHt: Height difference between the measured
point and the baseline
When repeat measurement mode or tracking measurement mode is selected, without any key
press, the difference between the measured point and the baseline will be displayed continuously
while sighting the prism .Pressing STOPcan stop the measurement.
Press CRDto display the coordinate of the measured point.
To change EDM settings, Press EDM. Please see 11.1 EDM settings
Press ESCto return to <S-O LINE> menu.
68

20. OPERATION IN THE MEMORY MODE
Memory mode
MEMORY
1.J OB
2.Known data
3.Code
4.Memory status
5.Init.memory

In Status screen, Press MEMto enter the memory mode. In this mode, you can read
data from job file, changing file name, delete or store job file, output data to computer;
input coordinate data by hand or from computer, recall or delete the coordinate of
known points, input ID codes for objects beforehand and then recall them in later
measurement, etc.

20.1 Managing the job file

1. In the Memory mode main screen,
*JOB001 254
Select 1. J ob and press .
JOB002 136
MTS001 16
A list of the jobs exist in the memory is
displayed, and the number to the right
represents the number of data items in
each job.

SRCH SFT TOP LAST

2Press / to move the cursor
JOB
to select the job file and press
to come in the screen of managing job file.

1.View

2.Comm output

3.Rename
4.Del

The job file marked with * is the current job file selected to store data.
Press TOPto move the cursor to the lists beginning, press LASTto move the cursor to the
lists end.
Press SRCHto input the name of job file and search it.
Press ESCto return to job list screen.
69

20.1.1 Reviewing and deleting record in job file

1Select the job file in the job file list,

and press to come in the screen
JOB
1.View
of managing job file.

2.Comms output
3.Rename
4.Del

2The records within the job file list on the
Crd. PT001

screen, including the record type and the

Ang. A136
Stn. ST09
name.
Ang: angle data
Crd: coordinate data
Stn station data
Distdistance data

Dist. R007

TOP LAST SRCH SFT

3. Press /to move the cursor and
Pt PT001/1
N 235.874m
select the record.
Press to display the details
of record in two pages.
Press PREVto display previous record.
PressNEXTto display next record.
E 542.765m P1
Z 0.975m
PREV

NEXT DEL

4. Press keyPAGEto toggle between
two pages.
Pt. PT001/1
Code JD
Tgt.ht 1.243m P2

PREV

PAGE
NEXT DEL

5. Press DEL. Deletion confirmation

screen is viewed.
Press YESto confirm deletion of the
record and return to the record list
screen.
Del pt. PT001?
DEL

NO
Press NOto abort the operation and
return to the record display screen.
YES
70

20.1.2 Change name of a job


1Select a job in the job list. Press

to go to the screen for managing job files.
JOB
1.View

2.Comm output
3.Rename
4.Del

2. Select 3. Rename to go to thefile name
input screen.
File rename

Name JOB001

3. Input the new name of the job. Press
to accept it and return to the job
list screen and the name of the job has
changed.

*888888 254
JOB002 136
MTS001 16

SFT TOP LAST SRCH
71

20.1.3 Deleting a job


1Select a job in the job list. Press to
come in the screen of managing job file.
JOB
1.View
2.Comm output

3.Rename
4.Del

2. Select 4. Deland a confirmation screen
view.

JOB

Del job JOB001?

NO YES

3. Press YESto confirm the deletion. The
job together with the data in it are
deleted.
Press NOto abort the operation.
YES
JOB002 254
MTS001 136

SFT TOP LAST SRCH
72

20.1.4 Outputting job data to computer
1 Connect the total station to computer.
Run TS-link communication software on
PC.

2. Select the job in the job list, and Press

to go to the job management
screen.

JOB
1.View

2.Comms output
3.Rename
4.Del

3. Select 2. Comms output and press
. The output format choice menu
is displayed on the screen.

DATA FORMAT

1.Coord. data
2.Raw data

3. Select the output format and press
. Output starts. When the output
is complete ,the job file list is restored.
Press STOPto stop output.
Job/Comms output
Job: JOB001

Transferring 23

STOP
The communication protocol the total station comply with isRS232 interface ,8 data bit,1
stop bit, none parity ,baud rate 1200,2400,4800,9600,19200.
Before output, make sure the computer is set to the same protocols.
Please see 22.2 Instrument Configuration.
73

20.2 Inputting coordinate data of known point
The coordinate data of known points may be input and stored in the instruments
memory. These coordinate data can be recalled when setting instrument station,
inputting backsight point and setting-out points. The known point coordinate data and
job file data are stored in the difference directories in the instruments memory.
Including job file data, the instrument can store up to 15000 points of coordinate data.
The coordinate data can be input from the keyboard or from the other external device.

20.2.1 Inputting coordinate data of known point from the keyboard

1 In Memory Mode, select 2. Known

KNOWN DATA
data and press
1.Key in coord.
2.Comms input

3.List
4.Del all
2Select 1.Key in coord. and press
come in the inputting coordinate data
screen.

N<m>:
E<m>:
Z<m>:

Pt.:
SAVE

3Input the coordinates and the name of
known point. When each data item is
finished , press .

N<m>: 3786.397
E<m>: 4865.274
Z<m>: 0.000
Pt.: PT001
SAVE
4Press SAVEor . The data is
recorded in the memory and screen in step
2 is restored. Continue to input other
known point coordinate data follow this
procedure.
SAVE

After all the data has been input, pressESCto return to <KNOWN DATA> menu screen.
Maximum size of point name 8
74

20.2.2 Inputting coordinate of known point from an external equipment
By running TS communication software on a PC, coordinate data of known points can
be entered and edited, and then sent to the total station. Before the attempting
communication, set the communication parameters following the communication
protocols.


1. Connect the total station and computer.
Run TS-link communication software
on PC.

2 Select 2.Known data in the memory

mode and press .

KNOWN DATA
1.Key in coord.
2.Comms input
3.List
4.Del all

3. Select 2.Comms input and press
.known point coordinate data
Known data
starts to be transferred from PC and the
number of received items is displayed on
the screen.
Transferring
Press STOPto stop data reception in
progress.

Received 45

STOP
75

20.3 Reviewing and deleting known point data
All the known point stored in the memory can be reviewed or deleted at any time by the
user.


1 Select 2. Known data from the Memory
KNOWN DATA
Mode and press .
1.Key in coord.
2.Comms input
3.List

4.Del all

2 Select 3. List in <KNOWN DATA> menu
and press . Pt. KNOW1
Pt. KNOW2
Pt. KNOW3
The known point list is displayed.

Pt. 007
SFT TOP SRCH LAST

3 Move the cursor to the point to be

displayed and press . The
PT. KNOW1
N 123210
coordinates of the selected point are
displayed.
Press PREVto display previous known
point and NEXTto display next known
point.

E 34534
Z 4216
PREV NEXT DEL

4. Press DELand a confirmation screen
is viewed.

Press YESto confirm deletion of the
known point and return to the known
point list screen.

Press NOto abort the operation and
return to the previous screen.
DEL
Del pt.KNOW1?

NO YES
lists end.
Press SRCHto input name of the known point and search it.
76

20.4 Deleting all the known point data
This function will delete all the known point coordinate in the memory.


1 Select 2. Known data in the main
Memory Mode and press .

KNOWN DATA
1.Key in coord.
2.Comms input
3.List
4.Del all

2. Select 4. Del all in <KNOWN DATA>
menu and press .

A confirmation screen will appear as
shown at the right.

Known data

Are you sure?

NO YES

3. Press YES to confirm the operation

and all known point data will be deleted.
Known data
PressingNO will abort the
1.Key in coord
2.Comms output
operation.

YES

3.List
4.Del all
77

20.5 Inputting codes
Point or ID codes may be entered in the memory of the instrument in advance. When
recording instrument station or observation data, these codes can be recalled and read
in. Codes should be unique point descriptions. Also, it is suggested that one code be
called NOTE. This will remind you that you have a note in your field book that has to
be referenced.


1 Select 3. Code in the Memory Mode,

and press to come in <CODE>
CODE
menu screen.

1.Key in code

2.List
3.Del all

2 Select 1. Key in code and press

to be ready to input codes.
Input code

Code

3. Enter the code and press to store
it in the memory and the inputting code
screen is restored. Press ESCto stop
Input code

to abort and return to <CODE> menu
screen.

Code

Maximum code size8
Maximum number of codes stored: 64
78

20.6 Reviewing and deleting codes
It is possible to review and delete codes stored in the memory.


1. Select 3. Code in the Memory Mode and

press to go to the<CODE> menu
CODE
screen.
1.Key in coord
2.List
3.Del all

2 Select 2 .List and press . The
code list is displayed.

TREE
A001
A002
POINT1
SFT TOP LAST DEL

3. Press DEL to delete the code on the
line which the cursor is located.
DEL
A001
A002
POINT1
POINT2
SFT TOP LAST DEL

4 Press ESCto finish this procedure
and return to <CODE> menu.
CODE
1.Key in code
ESC
2.List
3.Del all

lists end.
Selecting 3.Del all in <CODE> menu can delete all the codes in the memory.
79

20.7 Displaying the status of memory

1 Select 4.Memory status in the memory
mode and press .
Memory status
J obsThe number of job files in the
memory.
Jobs 3
Known pts 456
Known ptsThe number of known points
in the memory.
Free recs 11276
Free recsThe number of the free record

blocks that can be used to store data in
the instruments memory.

The progress bar shows the status of the
memory capacity graphically.

20.8 Initializing the memory
This function will delete all the data in the memory and resume the memory to factory
status.
2 Press ESCto return to the Memory

MEMORY
Mode menu.
1.Job
2.Known data ESC
3.Code

4.Memory status


1. Select 5. Init. Memory in the Memory
Init. Memory
Mode and press .

Erase all data

NO YES

2 Press Yesto delete all the data in the

Memory and return to the memory mode.
MEMORY
5Init. memory
YES

80

21. RECORDING DATA IN THE RECORD MODE
Pressing RECon the second page of the Meas Mode Screen and you will go to the
record mode. In this mode, you can store measurement data (distance, angle,
coordinates and codes) in the memory of the instrument.

21.1 Recording distance measurement data
In the record mode, distance measurement data, offset measurement data, etc, can be
store in the current job file. By using the ALLyou can store all the data from a
measurement at one time. This may include slope distance, vertical angle, horizontal
angle , point name, code and height of the target.


1. In the second page of Meas Mode, press

RECto enter the recording mode.
REC/Dist. Data
S
ZA 1011937
REC
HAR 3504320

ALL MODE OFS MEAS

2. Sight the target and press MEASto
REC
begin distance measurement.
S 103.126m
ZA 1011937
MEAS
HAR 3504320
STOP

3 Press STOP to finish measurement.
The measurement results are displayed
on from the second line to the forth line
of screen.
STOP
REC/Dist. Data
*S 103.126m
*ZA 1011937
*HAR 3504320
NO REC
81

4 Press REC to record the data marked

with *. You will then be able to
Input the follow items:

(1) Point name (Maximum size8)
Rec >> No job
(2) Code(Maximum size8)
Pt. 22
(3) Prism height
Code
If no job file selected for storing the
data, you should select it first.
Tgt.ht1.232
REC
Press VIEWto check the records that
have been stored within the current job
file.
When the cursor is on the code line, the
code registered in memory can be
recalled and read in.
JOB VIEW OK

5. Press J OB to select a job file for
Select a job
storing the data .

Job
JOB

LIST

6. Enter the name of the desired job file
New job
and press .

If the job file exist in the memory, then it
Create new job ?
will be selected for storing the data, or the
instrument will ask you if a new job should
be created.
Press LIST to select a job in the job
list.

NO YES

7. Press YES to create a new job and
select it as the current job file and
Rec >> JOB02
return to the step 4.
Pt. 22
YES
Code

Tgt.ht1.232

JOB VIEW OK
82

21.2 Recording angle measurement data
Angle measurement data can be stored in the current job. Again, it may be
convenient to use ALLfunction to perform the measurement and recording function.
The content of record include vertical angle, horizontal angle, point name, code and
height of the target as detailed in the earlier section.


8. Check the input items, then press OK

to store the measurement data in the
REC/Dist. Data
current job file and return to the step 1.
OK

S 103.126m
ZA 1011937
HAR 3504320
ALL MODE OFS MEAS
Press ALLto perform distance measurement and automatically record the results.
In this case, the point number is the last point number add one, the code and target height remain
the same. When the measurement results recording finished, the results will be displayed for two
seconds, then the screen of step 1 is restored.
When OFSis pressed, offset measurement distance offsetangle offsetcan be performed.
Please see14.Offset measurement .

1. In the second page of Meas mode, press
RECto come in the record mode.
REC/Dist.data
S
REC
ZA 1011937
HAR 3504320

ALL MODE OFS MEAS

2 Press MODE to change mode to
REC/Angle data recording angle data mode.
S
ZA 1011937 Press 0SET to set the horizontal
MODE
HAR 3504320 angle to 0.

ALL MODE 0SET MEAS
83


3. Sight the target and press MEAS.
The angle measurement results of the
REC/Angle data
target marked with * are displayed.

*ZA 1011937
MEAS
*HAR 3504320

NO REC

4 Press REC to record the measured

results. Input the follow items:
(1) Point name
Rec >> JOB02
(2) Code
Pt. 23
(3) Prism height
Code
Press J OBto change and select the
current job.
Tgt.ht1.232
REC
file.
When the cursor locates the code line,
the code registered in memory can be
JOB VIEW OK

5. Check the input data , then press OK

to store the angle measurement data of
REC/Angle data
the target and return to the step 2.
S
ZA 1011937
OK
HAR 3504320

ALL MODE 0SET MEAS
Press ALLto perform angle measurement and automatically record the results.
In this case, the point number is the last point number plus one, the code and target height remain
the same. When the measurement results are recorded, the results will be displayed for two

84

21.3 Recording coordinate measurement data
In the record mode, coordinate measurement data, offset measurement data, etc, can
be store in the current job file. Again, it may be convenient to use ALL to perform
automatic measurements and recording. The content of stored data includes
coordinates, point name, code and height of the target.


1. In the second page of Meas Mode, press

RECto go to the record mode.
REC/Dist. Data
S
ZA 1011937
REC
HAR 3504320

ALL MODE OFS MEAS

2 Press MODE twice to change mode
to recording coordinate data mode.
REC/Coord. data

S
ZA 1011937
MODE
HAR 3504320

ALL MODE 0SET MEAS

3 Sight the target and press MEASto

observe the target. The measurement
REC/Coord. data
results of the target marked with * are
*N 156.295m
displayed on from the second line to the
forth line of screen.
MEAS *E 143471m
*Z 22.089m

NO REC
85

4 Press REC to record the measured

results. Input the follow items:
Rec >> JOB02
(1) Point name
Pt. 24
(2) Code
Code
(3) Prism height
Tgt.ht1.232
Press J OBto change and select the
current job.
file.
When the cursor locates the code line,
the code registered in memory can be
REC
JOB VIEW OK

5. Press VIEW.The records within the

current job file list on the screen. please
see 20.1.1 Reviewing and deleting
record in job file.

Press ESCto return.
VIEW

Dist. 22
Ang. 23

SFT TOP LAST SRCH

6. Check the input data , then press OK
to store the coordinate measurement
REC/Coord. data
data of the target and return to the
S 242.476m
step 2.
ZA 1011937 OK
HAR 3504320
ALL MODE 0SET MEAS
Press ALLto perform coordinate measurement and automatically record the results.
In this case, the point number is the last point number plus one, the code and target height remain
the same. When the measurement results are recorded, the results will be displayed for two
When OFSis pressed, offset measurement (distance offset, angle offsetcan be performed.
please see14. Offset Measurement.
86

87
22. CHANGING THE PARAMETER SETTINGS
This section explains parameter settings and how to change settings. Each item
can be changed to meet your measurement requirements and remains until it is
changed again, even when the power is cut off.

22.1 Observation Condition
The items and their options listed in the following table can be set in Observation
Condition setting. The option marked with *! is factory setting.
Items Options Explanation
*Zenith
V.obs
Vertical
Select vertical angle display method from zenith
0~360"!or vertical0~#90"!"
*No
Tilt crn
Yes
Select whether tilt angle compensation function is
enabled.
*No
Coll. crn
Yes
Select whether collimation correction function is
enabled.
*1$
5$ Ang. reso
10$
Select angle resolution..
* Hdist
Sdist Dist. mode
Vdist
Select priority distance display mode in the Meas
mode

1# In the Meas mode, press $ESC%
to come in the status screen.

$ESC%

Total Station
Ver 3.5
NO. 000001
MEAS MEM CNFG

88

2#Press $CNFG%to enter the config mode.
$CNFG%

CONFI G
1. Obs. condi ti on
2. I nstr. conf i g
3. Key f uncti on
4. Uni t
3. Select 1. Obs.condition! and press
$ %to go to the observation
condition setting screen.
$ %

V.obs *Zeni th

Tilt crn *No
Coll. crn *No
Ang. reso *1&
Dist. mode *Hdi st
4#Press $5 %/$6 %to move the cursor up
and down to select item. Press $3 %/$4 %
to change the option of the item.

Example: Change the vertical angle display
method to Vert!'change the distance
display mode to Sdist!.
$5 %
$6 %
$3 %
$4 %

V.obs Vert

Tilt crn *No
Coll. crn *No
Ang. reso *1&
Dist. mode Sdi st
5#Press $ % to accept the option change
and return to the config mode menu.
$ %

CONFI G
1. Obs. condi ti on
2. I nstr. conf i g
3. Key f uncti on
4. Uni t

89
22.2 Instrument configuration
The items and their options list in the following table can be set in Instrument
Configuration setting. The option marked with *! is factory setting.

1. In the config mode , Select
2. Instr. config! and press $ %
to go to the instrument configuration
screen.
$5 %
$6 %
$ %

Auto of f *No
EDMstandby *2mi n
Baud rate *9600


$5 %
$6 %
$3 %
$4 %

Auto of f 20mi n
EDMstandby No
Baud rate 1200

3#Press $ % to accept the option change
$ %

CONFI G
1. Obs. condi ti on
2. I nstr. conf i g
3. Key f uncti on
4. Uni t
Items Options Explanation
*No
Auto off
20min
To save power, select whether to turn power supply
off automatically if no key is pressed in twenty minutes.
No
*2min EDM standby
5min
To shorten time of the first distance measurement,
select whether to make EDM standby and the time
interval to turn off power to EDM.
1200
2400
4800
*9600
Baud rate
19200
Select the baud rate of communication with external
equipment.

90
22.3 Allocating key function
It is possible to allocate the softkeys in Meas Mode Screens to suit the measurement
conditions. The current softkey allocations are retained until they are revised again,
even when the power is cut off. It is possible to register three sets of key function
allocations: Def.1, Def.2 and Def.3 and these allocations can be recalled at anytime.
Improvements in productivity may be realized by setting key functions so that
instrument functions might match specific job requirements.

In the Status Mode screen, press$CNFG%to go to the config mode. Select 3. Key
function! and press $ %to go to the key function menu. In this menu, the following
operations can be done.
l Allocating softkeys
l Registering a softkeys allocation
l Recalling a softkeys allocation

When softkey allocations are recorded and registered, the previously recorded key
settings are cleared. When a softkey array is recalled, the key array is changed to the
key array that has been recalled, clearing the previous key array.

22.3.1 Defining softkeys
The following are the softkey allocations in Meas mode when the instrument was
shipped: (DEFAULT USED I N THI S MANUAL)
Page 1 $DIST% $SHV% $HSET% $EDM%
Page 2 $0SET% $CRD% $S-O% $REC%
Page 3 $MLM% $RESE% $MENU% $HT%

The following functions can be allocated to the softkeys.
$DIST%( Distance measurement
$SHV%( Switch between angle display and distance display
$HSET%( Set required horizontal angle
$EDM%( Setting EDM
$0SET%( Set horizontal angle to 0
$CRD%( Coordinates measurement
$S-O%( Setting-out measurement
$REC%( To record mode
$MLM%( Missing line measurement
$RESE%( Resection measurement

91
$MENU%( To menu modecoordinates measurement , setting-out measurement , resection
measurement, missing line measurement , REM measurement , area calculation,
offset measurement , repetition measurement, setting-out line!
$HT% Set the instrument station height and target height
$HOLD% Hold horizontal angle /release horizontal angle
$R/L% Select horizontal angle right / left
$REP% Repetition measurement
$A/%% Switch vertical angle/slope in %
$VIEW% Display data within the current job
$OFS% Offset measurement
$FT/M% Switch unit of distance between meter/feet
$SEND% Output measurement results to an external equipment
$REM% REM measurement
$AREA% Surface area calculation
$COMM% To communication mode
$LINE% Setting-out line measurement

1#In config mode menu, select 3. Key
function!, and then press $ % to
go to the <Key function> menu.
$ %

Key f uncti on
1. Def i ne
2. Regi strati on
3. Recal l

2#Select 1.Define! and press $ %.
Currently allocated softkeys in Meas mode
are displayed. The cursor of the selected
Softkey flashes.

$ %

Key f uncti on

DI ST SHV HSET EDM
0SET CRD S- O REC
MLM RESE MENU HT
3#Press $3 %/$4 %to move the cursor
to the softkey whose function you want
to change.

$3 %
$4 %

Key f uncti on

DI ST SHV HSET EDM
0SET CRD S- O REC
MLM RESE MENU HT

92

22.3.2 Registering a softkeys allocation
After the softkey allocation are defined, they can be registered in user setting 1, 2 or 3 ,
and the factory setting and user setting can be recalled later whenever you want.

4#Press $5 %/$6 % to change the function
of this softkey.

$5 %
$6 %

Key f uncti on

DI ST SHV HSET EDM
0SET CRD S- O REC
MLM REM MENU HT
5. Repeat step 3 to 4 until all required
softkeys have been allocated.

6#Press $ % to record the allocations
and return to <Key function> menu.
$ %

Key f uncti on
1. Def i ne
2. Regi strati on
3. Recal l

1#In <Key function> menu, select
2. Registration! and press $ %.
$5 %
$6 %
$ %

Key f uncti on
1. Def . 1
2. Def . 2
3. Def . 3

93

22.3.3 Recalling a softkeys allocation
At any time, you may choose to recall any of the softkey configurations you entered.

2#Select one of the three position as the
softkey array to be registered and press
$ %.
$5 %
$6 %
$ %

Key f uncti on

Regi ster to Def . 1

NO YES
3# Press $YES%.The softkey array is
registered and the key function menu
screen restored.
$YES%

Key f uncti on
1. Def . 1
2. Def . 2
3. Def . 3

1. In <Key function> menu, select
3.Recall! and press $ %.
$5 %
$6 %
$ %

Key f uncti on
1. Def . 1
2. Def . 2
3. Def . 3
4. Def aul t
2#Select the softkey array you want to recall
and press $ %. <Key function> menu
screen is restored. This displays the
functions in the recalled array in Meas
mode.
$ %

Key f uncti on
1. Def i ne
2. Regi strati on
3. Recal l

94
22.4 Unit setting
The option Marked with *! is the factory Default Setting.

1. Select 4. Unit! and press $ %to
go to the unit setting screen.
$5 %
$6 %
$ %

Ang. unit *deg
Dist. unit *m
Temp. unit *)
Pres. unit *hPa

l Angle unit(*deg/gon/mil
l Distance unit(*m/ft
l Temperature unit(*C /*F
l Pressure unit(*hPa/mmHg/inHg
$5 %+
$6 %
$3 %+
$4 %

Ang. unit *deg
Dist. unit *m
Temp. unit *)
Pres. unit mmHg

3#Press $ %to accept the option change
$ %

CONFI G
1. Obs. condi ti on
2. I nstr. conf i g
3. Key f uncti on
4. Uni t

23. SETTING THE INSTRUMENT CONSTANT
The instrument constant will affect the accuracy of measurement result; therefore
setting of these should be performed with special care. This should be done by a
properly trained service technician.

23.1 Tilt zero point error check and adjustment
If tilt angle compensation has been selected, the tilt zero point error will adversely
affect vertical angle measurement. So it is necessary to check and adjust the tilt zero
point error periodically.

23.1.1 Checking zero point error
1. Carefully level the instrument. Press SFTand then press * to come in
the star function mode.
2. Sight the target, then press TILT to display the tilt angle in the X (sighting)
direction. Wait for the display to stabilize, then read the tilt angle value t1.
3. Rotate the top of the instrument through 180and sight the same target again.
Wait for the display to stabilize, then read the tilt angle value t2.
4. Calculate the offset value (tilt point zero error).
Tilt offset =t1+t2/2
If the offset value falls within the range 20, adjustment is not necessary. Or
adjust the value using the following procedure.

23.1.2 Tilt zero point error adjustment

1Level instrument carefully, then turn the
power on. When the message to prompt
setting vertical angle to 0 is displayed, press
3 and hold onwhile rotating the
telescope at the same time until the screen
of inputting password is viewed.
3

Instr.ADJ

Password

2Input 1234then press to come
in <Instr. ADJ> menu.
Instr. ADJ
1Tilt offset
2V0 & Coll.Crn
3Instr.Const

95

3Select 1. Tilt offset and press
Tilt offset
to start adjustment.
Pressing 0SETcan set horizontal angle
to 0.

TILT -43
HAR 3501922
<Step1> Take F1

CE 0SET OK
4. Sight the target point in Face 1. Wait for the
display of tilt value to stabilize, and then
press OK.
Press CE to cancel the last operation
and redo it.
OK

TILT offset
TILT 25
HAR 1701926
<Step2> Take F2
CE 0SET OK
5. Loosen the horizontal clamp, rotate the top
of the instrument through 180, and then
sight the same target in Face 2. Wait for the
display of tilt value to stabilize, and then
press OK. If theres no error in operation,
the new offset value of tilt zero is displayed.

Tilt offset
Offset -9

Set

OK
CE OK

6Press OK to accept the new value for
correction and return to <Instr. ADJ>
Instr. ADJ
Menu.
1.Tilt offset
OK
Press CEto discard the value and
repeat the procedures mentioned above.
2.V0 & Coll. crn
3.Instr. const

7. Press ESC to return to the Meas mode
and the new correction constant is in effect.

ESC
MEAS
H
ZA 994313
HAR 3501923 P1

DIST SHV HSET EDM
96

23.2 Vertical circle index error and collimation error correction
With this option, using direct and reverse observations, you can measure collimation
error in your instrument so that the instrument can correct subsequent single face
observations. The 0 index of the vertical circle of your instrument can be reset also,
and the index error of the vertical angle measurement can be corrected.


1Level instrument carefully, and then turn
the power on. When the message to
Instr. ADJ
prompt setting vertical angle to 0 is

displayed, press 3 and hold onwhile
Password 3
rotating the telescope at the same time

until the screen of inputting password is

viewed.

2Input 1234then press to
to enter the <Instr. ADJ> menu.
Instr. ADJ
1.Tilt offset

2.V0 & Coll. crn
3.Instr. const

3Select 2. V0 & Coll. crn and
press .
V0 & Coll. crn
ZA 932532
HAR 3501922
<Step1> Take F1
CE OK
97

4Accurately sight a target with a distance of
30m or further in Face1, then press OK.
V0 & Coll. crn
Press CE to cancel the last operation
and redo it.
ZA 932532
HAR 3501922
OK
<STEP2>Take F2

CE OK

5Loosen the horizontal clamp, rotate the top
of the instrument through 180, accurately
sight the same target in Face 2. If theres no
error in operation, the offset value of
vertical circle index and collimation are
displayed.
V0 & Coll. crn
V.ofs. 00007
C.ofs. -00003 OK
Set
NO YES

6Press OK to accept the values for
correction and return to <Instr. ADJ>
Instr. ADJ
menu. 1.Tilt offset
YES
Press CEto discard the values and
repeat the procedures mentioned above.
2.V0 & Coll. crn
3.Instr. const

7. Press ESC to return to the Meas Mode
and the new correction constant is in
effect.
ESC
MEAS
H
ZA 932523
HAR 3501923 P1

DIST SHV HSET EDM
98

23.3 Setting additive constant and multiple constant of distance
In this setting, you can correct additive distance constant and multiple distance
constant of the instrument.


1Level instrument carefully, and then turn
the power on. When the message to prompt
setting vertical angle to 0 is displayed, press
3 and hold onwhile rotating the
telescope at the same time until the screen
of inputting password is viewed.
Instr. ADJ

Password 3

2Input 1234then press to come
in <Instr. ADJ> menu.
Instr. ADJ

1.Tilt offset
2.V0 & Coll.Crn
3.Instr. const

3Select 3. Instr. const and press .
Instr. Const
C.const<mm>:
R.const<ppm>:

OK

4. Enter required value in each item,
then press OKto return to <Instr. ADJ>
Instr. ADJ
menu. 1.Tilt offset
OK 2.V0 & Coll. crn
3.Instr. const

Note: The additive constant and multiple constant have been set accurately before delivery, and
can not be changed casually.
99

Reference: Check the additive constant of the distance
The additive distance constant of the instrument is adjusted before delivery. It is
possible that this will deviate over time, use a baseline with a known precision
distance to check the additive distance constant. If there is no baseline, perform these
checks as follows.

Caution : Errors is setting up the instrument and reflective prism or in sighting the
target will influence the additive distance constant. Be extremely careful to prevent
such errors when performing these procedures. Set up so that the instrument height
and the target height are identical. If a flat place is not available, use an automatic level
to make sure the heights are identical.
1 Find an area of flat ground where two points 100m apart can be selected. Set
up the instrument at point A and the reflective prism at point B, establish a
point C half way between points A and B.

A B C

2 Precisely measure the horizontal distance between point A and point B 10
times and calculate the average value.
3 Place the instrument at point C directly between points A and B and set up the
reflective prism at point A.
4 Precisely measure the horizontal distances CA and CB 10 times each and
calculate the average value for each distance.
5 Calculate the additive distance constant as followsK=AB(CACB)
6 If the result is different with the standard constant, please see24.3 Setting the
Additive and Multiply Constant.
7 After set it , you should check it on another baseline.
8 NOTE: Please user Tripod Mounted Prisms with precision Tribrachs. DO NOT
use prism poles with Bipods or Tripods.

100

24. CHECKS AND ADJ USTMENTS
The total station is a precision instrument that requires fine adjustments. It must be
inspected and adjusted before use so that it always performs accurate measurements.
Using 24.1 Plate level and circular level Check to ensure that the bubbles are accurately
in adjustment.
In addition, the instrument should be inspected with special care after it has been stored a
long time, transported, or when it may have been damaged by a strong shock.

24.1 Plate level and circular level
1Checking and adjusting the plate level
Check
Place the plate level parallel to a line running through the centers of two
leveling screws (eg. A, B). Use these two screws to place the bubble in the
center of the plate level vial.
Rotate the instrument 180or 200g around the vertical axis and check bubble
movement of the plate level. If the bubble has been displaced, then proceed with
the following adjustment.

Adjustment
Adjust the level adjustment capstan screw , with the accessory adjusting pin and
return the bubble towards the center of the plate level vial. However, correct only
one-half of the displacement by this method.
Correct the remaining 1/2 amount of the bubble displacement with the leveling
screws.
Rotate the instrument 180or 200g around the vertical axis once more and check bubble
movement. if the bubble is still displaced, then repeat the adjustment.
101
Half amount of displacement
Level adjustment screw

2 .Checking and adjusting the circular level
Check
Carefully level the instrument with the plate level. If the bubble of the circular level is
centered properly at this time, adjustment is not required. Otherwise, proceed with the
following adjustment.
Adjustment
Shift the bubble to the center of the level by adjusting three capstan adjustment screws
on the bottom surface of the circular level, with the accessory adjusting pin.(see
diagram)
Adjustment screws

24.2 Reticle
Bottom of the base
Check
Set the instrument on the tripod and carefully level it.
Sight the cross-hair on a well-defined point A on the wall at a distance of at least
50 meters. (160ft )
Next swing the telescope and check whether the point travels along the length of
the vertical cross-hair.
If the point appears to move continuously on the vertical hair, the vertical cross-hair
lies in a plane perpendicular to the horizontal axis.(adjustment is not required.)
Adjustment
Unscrew the cross-hair adjustment section cover by revolving it in the counterclockwise
direction, and take it off. This will expose four eyepiece section attachment screws.
Loosen all four attachment screws slightly with the accessory screw-driver. (while
taking note of the number of the revolutions) make vertical cross-hair coincide with A by
turning eyepiece and tighten the four attachment screws.
102
Attachment screws
Eye Piece
Attachment screws

Check if there is displacement while traveling along vertical reticle. If not, your done.
NOTEAfter you finish it , you should perform adjustment as follows:
24.3adjusting the telescope axis23.1 Tilt zero point error check and adjustment
23.2Vertical circle index error and collimation error.

24.3 Adjusting the telescope axis
Check
Set the instrument up with clear sights of about
50 to 60 meters of both sides of the instrument.
Sight point A at approximately 50 meter distance.
Loosen the vertical tangent screw only and plunge the
telescope 180around the horizontal axis so that the
telescope is pointed in the opposite direction.
Sight point B, at equal distance as point A.
Loosen the horizontal motion clamp and
tangent screw and revolve the instrument
180or 200g. Fix a sight on point A once more
and tighten the motion clamp and screw.
Loosen the vertical motion clamp and
tangent screw and plunge the instrument
180or 200g and fix a sight on point C, which
should coincide with the previous point B.
If point B and C do not coincide, adjust in the following order:
Adjustment
Unscrew the cross-hair adjustment section cover.
Find point D at a point between points C. B, which should be equal to
1/4 the distance between points B and C, and measured from point C.
This is because the apparent error of BC is four times of the real error
since the telescope has been reversed twice during checking operation.
Shift the vertical cross-hair line and coincide it with point D, by
revolving the left and right capstan adjustment screws. Upon completing the adjustment, repeat
the checking operation once more. If point B and C coincide, further adjustment is not required.
Otherwise, repeat the adjustment.
PLEASE NOTE: THI S PROCESS SHOULD BE USED A CHECK. ONLY A PROPERLY
TRAI NED SERVI CE TECHNI CI AN SHOULD MAKE ADJ USTMENTS.
103

24.4 Optical plummet
Check
Set up instrument over a point and line the optical plummet up with the center of
the reference point.
Rotate the instrument 180or 200g around the vertical axis and check the center
mark. If the point is properly centered in the center mark, adjustment is not required.
Otherwise, adjust in the following manner:
Adjustment
Unscrew the adjustment section cover of the optical plummet telescope eyepiece,
by revolving it in the counterclockwise direction and take it off. This will expose four
capstan adjustment screws which should be adjusted with the proper adjusting pin to
shift the center mark to the point. However, correct only 1/2 of the displacement in this
manner.
1/2 of displacement Adjustment screws

Next use the leveling screws and coincide the point and center mark.
Revolve the instrument 180or 200g around the vertical axis, and check the center
mark. If it is coincided to the point, then further adjustment is not required. Otherwise,
repeat the adjustment.

RULE OF THUMB: Take of the error out with Level Screws and the other half should
be removed with the adjusting capstan screws.
104

25. BI-DIRECTIONAL COMMUNICATION
The total station features bi-directional communication. It is possible for external
devices to control the total station in order to perform measurements and get
measurement results through this communication process. i.e. External Data
Collectors.
Before performing this function, define the softkey COMM in the Meas mode
following the steps in 22.3 define the keys function, then press COMM to start
this function.

Reference: Communication protocol
1. Communication setting:
Baud rate: 1200
Data length: 8
Parity bits: none
Stop bits: 1
2. Agreement
1CodeSTX02CR13X_ON17X_OFF19,the other is ASCII character.
2Distance and angle data are transferred by a form of fixed length of 7 byte, if less
than 7 byte, fill zero in the front .
Angle data:
Degree: 3 bytes
Minute: 2 bytes
Second: 2 bytes
Distance data:
Integer: 4 bytes
Fraction: 3 bytes
For example: 302507should be represented by 0302507, and 23.543 m should be
represented by 0023543.
If each data is invalid, the first character of it will be marked with E.

3. Command and data format
(1) Check communication
Ask STX+T+C+CR
Respond X_ON ;

105

2Set the horizontal angle
AskSTX+S+A+zzzzzzz+CR
RespondX_ON
zzzzzzz is required horizontal angle.(Example :1565342)

3Read angle measurement data
AskSTX+R+A+CR
RespondSTX+R+A+yyyyyyy+zzzzzzz+CR

if tilt over 3, it will respondSTX+R+A+Eyyyyyy+Ezzzzzz+CR

yyyyyyy is the vertical angle (Example:3595959)
Zzzzzzz is the horizontal angle (Example:3595959)

(4) Read distance and angle measurement data:
AskSTX+R+D+CR
RespondSTX+R+D+xxxxxxx+yyyyyyy+zzzzzzz+CR
If measurement is failed, it will respond
STX+R+D+Exxxxxx+yyyyyyy+zzzzzzz+CR
If the tilt is over 3, it will respond
STX+R+D+xxxxxxx+Eyyyyyy+Ezzzzzz+CR
If the data is invalid , it will respond:
STX+R+D+Exxxxxx+Eyyyyyy+Ezzzzzz+CR

(5) When the instrument has received a commandanother command from
the external equipment will be ignored by responding X_OFF until the
function of the command received has been performed.

106

26MAI NTENANCE

Please keep instrument dry. Should it become wet, please dry instrument and
case prior to long periods of storage.
Ensure that the instrument is kept clean and free from dirt, grime or other
materials. Then lenses require special care. First, dust it off with the lens brush to
remove tiny particles, then wipe it with the lens paper or clean soft cloth. Use
provided lens cloths or wipes that are designed for precision optics.
If the display is dirty, carefully wipe it with a soft, dry cloth. To clean other parts of
the instrument or the carrying case, carefully wipe the surface of the unit with a
slightly damp cloth moistened in a mild detergent solution. Do not use any organic
solvents cleaning the display, key panel and the carrying box. Make sure that the
instrument is completely dry before placing in the case for storage.
Store the instrument in a dry room where the temperature remains fairly constant.
Make checks to the tripod to ensure that all screws and clamps remain in good
working order.
If you encounter any problem with the instrument, please contact CST/Berger or
your nearest service facility.
When storing the instrument for long periods of time, please remove batteries.
Please take note of the precautions section of this manual and Power Supply.
Always make sure that your instrument is in calibration prior to doing any survey.
Please perform a peg test and distance test. Calibrations are NOT covered under
warranty and should be conducted at least 3-4 times a year or as needed due to
work load.
When removing the instrument from the carrying case, never pull it out by force.
The empty carrying case should be closed to protect it from moisture.
When placing the instrument in the case, do NOT fully tighten the tangent locks,
finger tighten only. Also, ensure that the tribrach leveling screws are returned to
their center position denoted by the line on the leveling foot sleeve.
Check the instrument for proper adjustment periodically to maintain the
instrument accuracy.

107

27ERROR MESSAGES

Message Meaning What to do
Out of range The instrument is tilted beyond
the vertical compensation
range. (3')

Re-level the instrument or turn
off the tilt compensation in the
bad conditions. if the message
displays again, repair is
required.
Calcul. error The N.E coordinates of
backsight point are set the
same as the instrument station
coordinates during setting
backsight azimuth.
Check and reenter the
coordinate of sight point or
resetting the instrument
station.
Signal off

The prism is not sighted or the
target is at a distance beyond
the instrument measuring
range.
Re-sight the prism or add the
number of prisms used.
Excess point The distance between
setting-out point and the
instrument station exceed the
instrument measuring range
Check and reenter the
setting-out point or reset
the instrument station
again.
V0 out of range During setting of the 0 index of
the vertical circle, the value
measured is out of range.
Redo it and confirm the
operation procedure is correct.
if the message displays again,
repair is required.
C.out of range During measuring of the
collimation error, the measured
value measured is out of
range.
repair is required.
Tilt out of range During measuring of the tilt
zero point error, the measured
value measured is out of
range.
repair is required.
Error detected Displayed when any
abnormality occurs in angle
measuring system.
108
Turn off the power and turn it
on again, if the message
required.

Message Meaning What to do
EDM wrong Displayed during the system
running a self-check, any
abnormality is detected in
EDM.
required.
Bad memory Theres abnormality in internal
memory system
required.

109
28. TOTAL STATION SPECIFICATION CHART
Model CTS02 CTS05
Telescope
Length of Telescope 150mm
Image Erect
Objective Lens Aperture 45mm
Magnification 30X
Field of View 130
Resolving Power 4.0
Shortest Sighting Distance 1.5m
Stadia Ratio 100
Stadia Constant 0
Angle Measurement
Method Raster Incremental
Detecting Horizontal : Double
Vertical :Single
Minimum Reading 1/ 5
Accuracy 2 5
Display Panel Double Face
Display Method USA
Distance Measurement
Accuracy 2mm+2ppm.D) 5mm+3ppm.D)
Minimum Reading Measuring mode1mm0.005ft)
Tracking mode1mm0.005ft)
Measurement Range Single prism 1.6Km / Triple prisms 2.5Km *
Compensator
Tilt Sensor Yes
Range 3
Output Interface
Communication Standard RS232C
Date Output Interface Yes
Optical Plummet
Image Erect
Magnification 4X
Field of View 5
Focus Range 0.5
Laser Plummet Accuracy 1mm
Base
Base Model Separated Base
Power
Battery Ni-H Charge Battery
Working Time per battery About 7Hours
Level Sensitivity

Sensitivity of Long Vial 30''/2mm
Sensitivity of Bubble 8'/2mm
Memory
Internal Point Storage 15000 points
Other
Temperature 2050
Net Weight 5.8kg
*Average condition :slight haze; visibility about 23.5Km,sunny periods

CST/ Berger Total Station Item List
No Description Quantity Note
1 Total station 1
2 Carrying case 1
3 Plumb bob 1
4 adjusting wrench 2
5 Screwdriver 1
6 Soft brush 1
7 Lens cloth 1
8 drier 1
9 rain cover 1
10 Tool bag 1
11 manual 1
12 Rechargeable battery 2
13 charger 1
14 Wrench S=1.5 1
15 Wrench S=1.3 1
16 Data Transfer Software 1
17 Date cable 1

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