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1/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB

Turning
Formulas
2/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
RPM = n (rev/min)
n = 3.82 x (750 2.00)
n = 1433
Example: Material A36
v
c
=750
D =2.0
n = 3.82 (v
c
D)
n =Rpm (rev/min)
v
c
=Cutting Sped (SFPM)
D =Workpiece Diameter
Revolutions per minute. A measure of spindle speed
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3/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Cutting Speed = V
c
(ft/min)
Example: Material A36
D =2.0
n =1433
V
c
= 0.262 x 2.0 x 1433
V
c
= 751
V
c
= 0.262 D n
V
c
=Cutting Speed (SFM)
D =Workpiece Diameter
n =Rpm (rev/min)
Cutting speed is defined as the velocity of the workpiece as it passes by the
cutting tool.
Cutting Speed
X
4/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Metal Removal Rate = Q (inch
3
/min)
Q = 12 a
p
f v
c
Q =metal removal rate (in
3
/min)
a
p
=depth of cut
f =feed (in/rev)
v
c
=cutting speed
Example: Material A36
a
p
=0.150
f =0.010
V
c
=750
the rate at which material is removed from an unfinished part, usually
measured in cubic inches per minute
Q = 12 0.150 0.010 750
Q = 13.5 in
3
v
c
f
a
p
Metal Removal Rate
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5/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Feed Rate = f
m
(inch/min)
f
m
= f n
f
m
=feed rate (in/min) or IPM
f =feed (in/rev)
n =RPM
the rate of tool travel through the workpiece per unit of time, generally
expressed in inches per revolution (turning) or inch per tooth (milling)
Example: Material A36
f = 0.012
n =1433
f
m
= 0.012 1433
f
m
= 17.2
Feed
rate
Undeformed
chip thickness
Lead
angle
6/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Cutting Time = t (min)
t = L f
m
t =cutting time (min)
L =length of cut (in)
f
m
=feed rate (in/min)
The measure of actual time the tool is engaged in the cut
t = 2.00 36.1
t = 0.055 minutes
t = 3.3 seconds
Example: Material A36
L =2.00
f
m
=36.1
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7/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Horsepower at Spindle = HP
s
HP
s
= Q P
HP
s
=horsepower at spindle (hp)
Q =metal removal rate (in3/min)
P =unit power factor
horsepower per cubic inch per
minute
A unit of measuring the power of motors or engines equal to 33,000 foot-
pounds per minute (the force required to raise 33,000 pounds at he rate of one
foot per minute). A machine tools horsepower determines the maximum rate of
metal removal from a workpiece
Example: Material A36
Q =28.4
P =0.58
8/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Horsepower at Spindle = HP
s
HP
s
= Q P
HP
s
=horsepower at spindle (hp)
Q =metal removal rate (in3/min)
P =unit power factor
horsepower per cubic inch per
minute
A unit of measuring the power of motors or engines equal to 33,000 foot-
pounds per minute (the force required to raise 33,000 pounds at he rate of one
foot per minute). A machine tools horsepower determines the maximum rate of
metal removal from a workpiece
Example: Material A36
Q =28.4
P =0.58
HPs = 28.4 0.58
HPs = 16.5
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9/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Horsepower at Spindle = HP
s
HP
s
= Q P
HP
s
=horsepower at spindle (hp)
Q =metal removal rate (in3/min)
P =unit power factor
horsepower per cubic inch per
minute
A unit of measuring the power of motors or engines equal to 33,000 foot-
pounds per minute (the force required to raise 33,000 pounds at he rate of one
foot per minute). A machine tools horsepower determines the maximum rate of
metal removal from a workpiece
Example: Material A36
Q =28.4
P =0.58
HPs = 28.4 0.58
HPs = 16.5
10/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Horsepower at Motor = HP
m
HP
m
= (Q P) E
HP
m
=horsepower at motor (hp)
Q =metal removal rate (in3/min)
P =unit power factor
horsepower per cubic inch per
minute
E =efficiency of spindle drive
Example: material a36
Q =28.4
P =0.58
E =80%
A unit of measuring the power of motors or engines equal to 33,000 foot-
pounds per minute (the force required to raise 33,000 pounds at he rate of one
foot per minute). A machine tools horsepower determines the maximum rate of
metal removal from a workpiece
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11/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Horsepower at Motor = HP
m
HP
m
= (Q P) E
HP
m
=horsepower at motor (hp)
Q =metal removal rate (in3/min)
P =unit power factor
horsepower per cubic inch per
minute
E =efficiency of spindle drive
HP
m
= (28.4 0.58) 0.80
HP
m
= (16.5) 0.80
HP
m
= 20.6
Example: material a36
Q =28.4
P =0.58
E =80%
A unit of measuring the power of motors or engines equal to 33,000 foot-
pounds per minute (the force required to raise 33,000 pounds at he rate of one
foot per minute). A machine tools horsepower determines the maximum rate of
metal removal from a workpiece
12/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Horsepower at Motor = HP
m
HP
m
= (Q P) E
HP
m
=horsepower at motor (hp)
Q =metal removal rate (in3/min)
P =unit power factor
horsepower per cubic inch per
minute
E =efficiency of spindle drive
HP
m
= (28.4 0.58) 0.80
HP
m
= (16.5) 0.80
HP
m
= 20.6
Example: material a36
Q =28.4
P =0.58
E =80%
A unit of measuring the power of motors or engines equal to 33,000 foot-
pounds per minute (the force required to raise 33,000 pounds at he rate of one
foot per minute). A machine tools horsepower determines the maximum rate of
metal removal from a workpiece
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13/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Summary and Questions
14/14 COPYRIGHT 2006, Seco Tools AB
Turning
Formulas