Term Paper

Topic: Copyright Royalties

Submitted to: Mrs Harjinder Kaur
Submitted by: Navdeep Singh
Section !"#! Roll no !"$ Regd no
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'ntroduction
GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is an open, digital
cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data
services.
GSM is a TDMA based ireless netor! technology developed in "urope
that is used throughout most of the orld. GSM phones ma!e use of a
S#M card to identify the user$ s account. The use of the S#M card allos
GSM netor! users to %uic!ly move their phone number from one GSM
phone to another by simply moving the S#M card. &urrently GSM
netor!s operate on the '()M*+, ,))M*+, -'))M*+, and -,))M*+
fre%uency bands. Devices that support all four bands are called %uad.
band, ith those that support / or 0 bands called tri.band and dual.
band, respectively.
Sim Card: GSM phones use a Subscriber #dentity Module (S#M)
smart card that contains user account information. Any GSM phone
becomes immediately programmed after plugging in the S#M card, thus
alloing GSM phones to be easily rented or borroed. S#M cards can
also be programmed to display custom menus for personali+ed services.
Te(t and ata: GSM includes the short messaging service (SMS)
that enables users to send -1).character te2t messages to each other. #t
natively supports very slo data transfer at ,.1 3bps4 hoever, carriers
have added higher data rate technologies.
)eatures
The GSM emerged from the idea of cell.based mobile radio systems
at 5ell 6aboratories in the early -,7)s.
The GSM is the name of a standardi+ation group established in
-,'0 to create a common "uropean mobile telephone standard.
The GSM standard is the most idely accepted standard and is
implemented globally.
The GSM is oning a mar!et share of more than 7) percent of the
orld$ s digital cellular subscribers.
The GSM as developed using digital technology. #t has an ability
to carry 18 !bps to -0) Mbps of data rates.
9resently GSM supports more than one billion mobile subscribers
in more than 0-) countries throughout the orld.
The GSM provides basic to advanced voice and data services
including :oaming service. :oaming is the ability to use your GSM
phone number in another GSM netor!.
)uture Scope
The GSM study group aimed to provide the folloings through the GSM;
#mproved spectrum efficiency.
#nternational roaming.
6o.cost mobile sets and base stations (5Ss).
*igh.%uality speech.
&ompatibi lity ith #ntegrated Services Digital <etor! (#SD<)
and other telephone company services.
Support for ne services.